Geert F M J Cauwenbergh

Itraconazole is an orally active triazole antifungal which has been compared to griseofulvin in a number of double-blind trials. In dermatophytosis with a non-fixed treatment regimen for a maximum of 3 months, itraconazole 100 mg o.d. has produced a 100% mycological cure rate as compared with a 67% rate with griseofulvin 500 mg o.d. (p less than 0.01). Based on the pharmacokinetic profile, 100 mg itraconazole daily was then compared with 500 mg ultramicronized griseofulvin daily using a ...

Itraconazole is an orally effective antifungal agent with a high affinity for tissues. The skin kinetics in human volunteers have been studied after administration of 100 and 200 mg of itraconazole daily. From day 7 onward, tissue levels in the beard region and on the back were consistently higher than the corresponding plasma levels. The levels in the palmar stratum corneum were lower than the corresponding plasma levels but persisted for 3 weeks after discontinuation of therapy. ...

Summary: A total of 137 patients with aspergillosis or aspergilloma has been treated with 50 to 400 mg itraconazole daily during 11 to 780 days.

The global assessments »markedly improved« and »cured« were given to 60% of the treatments in invasive aspergillosis (n = 35) and reached 66% in chronic necrotising pulmonary aspergillosis (n = 44). These response rates are sufficiently high regarding the limited number of antifungal agents useful in aspergillosis. Sixty-two percent of the ...

Nail-matrix kinetics were studied in 21 patients (19 with onychomycosis, two with tinea corporis) as soon as taking itraconazole (Sporanox) 100 mg daily for up to 7 months. Itraconazole was detected in the distal nail as soon as 1 month after the start of therapy (42 ng/g in fingernails and 16 ng/g in toenails). During the course of treatment, this concentration rose and reached a mean of 160 ng/g in fingernail clippings and 197 ng/g in toenail clippings. Moreover, in fingernails of 12 ...

BACKGROUND: Seborrheic dermatitis is considered to be a Malassezia-driven disease. Little objective information is available so far from biometrological quantitative assessments of this skin condition. Pramiconazole is a novel triazole with potent in vitro antifungal activity, especially against Malassezia spp.

OBJECTIVE: To study the sequential effects of pramiconazole on Malassezia, inflammation and epidermal changes.

METHOD: This study was performed in 2 groups of subjects suffering ...

Several reports have demonstrated the efficacy of topical ketoconazole in dermatologic conditions that are not exclusively related to fungi. Some basic pharmacologic studies have indicated effects of ketoconazole on cholesterol production in keratinocytes, on the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme, and on the metabolism of all-trans-retinoic acid in the skin. These observations have led to the hypothesis that topically applied ketoconazole may possess antiinflammatory properties. This hypothesis was ...

BACKGROUND: A problem in the treatment of onychomycosis is the lengthy duration of therapy. The pharmacokinetics of itraconazole suggest a potential for briefer treatment.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate itraconazole nail kinetics in 39 patients with onychomycosis in relation to their therapeutic outcome.

METHODS: All patients received itraconazole for 3 months at a dose of 100 or 200 mg daily. Itraconazole levels of distal nail clippings were determined during a ...

Itraconazole (R 51211) is the prototype of a class of triazole antifungals characterized by a high lipophilicity. This property determines to a large extent the pharmacokinetics of itraconazole and differentiates it from the hydrophilic triazole antifungal fluconazole. The pharmacokinetics of itraconazole in man are characterized by a good oral absorption, an extensive tissue distribution with tissue concentrations many times higher than in plasma, a relatively long elimination half-life ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the age effect on both the mechanical properties and wrinkling of facial skin. This topic has not previously been addressed in the literature.

DESIGN: A total of 180 white women aged 18 to 67 years participated in the study. Each of the 5 decades of age was represented by 30 subjects, with the exception of menopausal women aged 48 to 57 years who were allocated to two groups of 30 according to the use or non-use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

SETTING: A ...

Itraconazole, an orally active broad-spectrum triazole antimycotic, has demonstrated anti-Cryptococcus activity in vitro and in animal models of cryptococcal meningitis. The drug has been used by a number of clinical groups for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis, predominantly in AIDS patients. A problem that has been found with ketoconazole is the relatively low absorption of the drug in AIDS patients. This has resulted in ketoconazole plasma levels below the MIC90 (1-5 micrograms ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the pharmacokinetics of a single 100-mg oral dose of itraconazole administered as 10 ml of a 10-mg/ml itraconazole solution in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin under fasting versus postprandial conditions.

DESIGN: Open-label, two-way, randomized, crossover study.

SETTING: Janssen Research Foundation, Belgium.

PATIENTS: Twelve healthy volunteers.

INTERVENTIONS: Blood samples were obtained for pharmacokinetic analyses immediately before dosing and at regular ...

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of androgenic alopecia is not fully understood. A microbial-driven inflammatory reaction abutting on the hair follicles might participate in the hair status anomaly.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine if ketoconazole (KCZ) which is active against the scalp microflora and shows some intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity might improve alopecia.

METHOD: The effect of 2% KCZ shampoo was compared to that of an unmedicated shampoo used in combination ...

BACKGROUND: During photoaging, the density of melanin chromatophores is heterogeneous in the epidermis.

AIMS: To define the patterns of pheomelanin-enriched melanotic hypermelanosis of the face in phototype II subjects and to assess the effect of depigmenting agents. Azelaic acid and glycolic acid were tested as well as a soy extract, reported to reduce pigmentation through interaction with the protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) of keratinocytes.

METHOD: Evaluations were made by image ...