Vincent G Kokich

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies evaluated the perception of laypersons to symmetric alteration of anterior dental esthetics. However, no studies have evaluated the perception of asymmetric esthetic alterations. This investigation will determine whether asymmetric and symmetric anterior dental discrepancies are detectable by dental professionals and laypersons.

METHODS: Seven images of women's smiles were intentionally altered with a software-imaging program. The alterations involved crown ...

The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of posttreatment open gingival embrasures in adult orthodontic patients and to examine the association of pretreatment maxillary incisor malalignment, posttreatment alveolar bone height, interproximal contact position, root angulation, crown shape, and embrasure area with open gingival embrasures. Posttreatment intraoral photographs of 337 adult orthodontic patients were evaluated to determine the prevalence of open gingival ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) adherence strategy implemented by the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO) and to report its impact on the completeness of reporting of published trials.

STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The AJO-DO CONSORT adherence strategy, initiated in June 2011, involves active assessment of randomized clinical trial (RCT) reporting during the editorial process. The completeness of reporting ...

INTRODUCTION: Single-tooth implants are commonly used to replace congenitally missing teeth in adolescent orthodontic patients. However, if implants are placed before cessation of facial growth, they will submerge relative to the adjacent erupting teeth. Therefore, it is important to know when facial growth is complete in postpubertal orthodontic patients. The purposes of this study were to determine and quantify the amount of vertical growth of the facial skeleton and the amount of ...

An anteriorly directed extraoral force was applied to the maxillas of four healthy young M. nemestrina monkeys. Experimental, retention, and postretention alterations were evaluated through a combination of cephalometric, histologic, and gross techniques. In view of the results of the present study, the following conclusions can be made: 1. Skeletal remodeling occurs in all circummaxillary sutures following the application of an anteriorly directed extraoral force to the maxilla. The ...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in periodontal status, root length, and visual assessment in patients with palatally impacted maxillary canines that were surgically exposed, allowed to erupt freely into the palate, and orthodontically aligned.

METHODS: Clinical examinations of the maxillary lateral incisors, canines, and adjacent premolars were performed on 16 patients with unilaterally impacted canines and 6 with bilaterally impacted canines treated ...

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the gene defect causing congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors also causes narrowing of the dentition. A total of 81 patients with one or two congenitally missing lateral incisors were retrieved; 52 (64.2 per cent) patients presented bilateral agenesis, whereas 29 (35.8 per cent) had unilateral agenesis. The control group consisted of 90 consecutively treated patients. The largest mesiodistal crown dimension for all teeth, ...

The present experiment was undertaken to determine if an interproximal area with a thin interdental bone septum following orthodontic treatment provides less resistance against marginal periodontal breakdown than an interproximal area with a normal width of bone between the roots. Only adult patients, at least 16 years after active orthodontic treatment, were studied. The distance between the roots was measured directly on periapical radiographs. Gingival health, level of attachment and ...

This is the first detailed report of the craniofacial anatomy of atelencephaly. Comparisons were made with a control specimen and others with holoprosencephaly, anencephaly, and anencephaly with holoprosencephalic facial features. In the atelencephalic fetus, severe microcephaly, flattened calvaria, and partial synostosis of the metopic suture were apparent. The cranial fossae were much smaller than usual; lesser wings of the sphenoid were folded into a rounded basal mass. Facial ...

BACKGROUND: The authors examined the effects of orthodontic intrusion of abraded incisors in adult patients to facilitate restoration, focusing specifically on changes in alveolar bone level and root length.

METHODS: The authors analyzed records of 43 consecutive adult patients (mean age 45.9 years). They identified intrusion by means of cephalometric radiographs and bone level and root length by means of periapical radiographs. They calculated treatment differences from the pretreatment ...

BACKGROUND: Dental esthetics has become a popular topic among all disciplines in dentistry. When a makeover is planned for the esthetic appearance of a patient's teeth, the clinician must have a logical diagnostic approach that results in the appropriate treatment plan. With some patients, the restorative dentist cannot accomplish the correction alone but may require the assistance of other dental disciplines.

APPROACH: This article describes an interdisciplinary approach to the ...

Titanium implants were placed surgically into the maxillary, zygomatic, frontal, and occipital bones of four pigtail monkeys. After a 4-month healing period, the implants were exposed and abutments were placed. Extraoral traction appliances were then attached to the abutments. The cranial implants were used to support the framework of the traction appliance; those in the facial bones were used to attach springs that delivered a protraction force. The application of force varied among ...

INTRODUCTION: Congenital absence of mandibular second premolars affects many orthodontic patients. The orthodontist must make the proper decision at the appropriate time regarding management of the edentulous space. These spaces can be closed or left open.

IMPLICATIONS: If the space will be left open for an eventual restoration, the keys during orthodontic treatment are to create the correct amount of space and to leave the alveolar ridge in an ideal condition for a future restoration. ...

The craniofacial anatomy of two anencephalic human specimens with the facial features of holoprosencephaly is reported. Many of the malformations have distinctly holoprosencephalic or anencephalic features. Absence of the entire ethmoid complex, observed in both specimens of the present study, has rarely been described and, to our knowledge, has never been confirmed histologically. The significance of agenesis of the ethmoid bone in the development of normal and holoprosencephalic facial ...

Implants are commonly used to replace congenitally missing lateral incisors in adolescent orthodontic patients. However, these restorations are often challenging for the orthodontist, surgeon, and restorative dentist. In some patients the space across the alveolar crest is too narrow to permit the surgeon to place the implant. Occasionally the root apices of the adjacent central incisor and canine are in close proximity. In other cases the ridge thickness could be inadequate and require ...