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David Joel Margolis: Influence Statistics

BACKGROUND: Improving survival and extending the longevity of life for all populations requires timely, robust evidence on local mortality levels and trends. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides a comprehensive assessment of all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2015. These results informed an in-depth investigation of observed and expected mortality patterns based on sociodemographic measures.

METHODS: ...

BACKGROUND: Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world's population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries from causes affecting children, to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more common in adults. For the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015), we estimated the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and ...

BACKGROUND: Measuring disease and injury burden in populations requires a composite metric that captures both premature mortality and the prevalence and severity of ill-health. The 1990 Global Burden of Disease study proposed disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) to measure disease burden. No comprehensive update of disease burden worldwide incorporating a systematic reassessment of disease and injury-specific epidemiology has been done since the 1990 study. We aimed to calculate ...

BACKGROUND: Non-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion and monitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and 2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an exhaustive set of disorders at the global and regional level. Neither effort quantified uncertainty in prevalence or years lived with disability (YLDs).

METHODS: Of the 291 diseases and ...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that patients hospitalized for psoriasis have an increased frequency of a variety of cardiovascular comorbidities. Limited population-based data exist on this association, and few studies have determined which factors are independently associated with psoriasis.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether the prevalence of the major cardiovascular risk factors was higher in mild and severe psoriasis than in patients without psoriasis.

METHODS: We ...

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to quantify the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis without known PsA compared with the general population after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

METHODS: A population-based longitudinal cohort study from 1994 to 2010 was performed in The Health Improvement Network (THIN), a primary care medical record database in the UK. Patients aged 18-89 ...

BACKGROUND: Measurement of the global burden of disease with disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) requires disability weights that quantify health losses for all non-fatal consequences of disease and injury. There has been extensive debate about a range of conceptual and methodological issues concerning the definition and measurement of these weights. Our primary objective was a comprehensive re-estimation of disability weights for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 through a ...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD), anxiety and depression in the U.S. adult population is not well established.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship of AD and its severity with symptoms and diagnosis of anxiety and depression in U.S. adults.

METHODS: A cross-sectional, population-based study of 2893 adults was performed. AD was determined using modified U.K. Diagnostic Criteria.

RESULTS: Adults with AD vs. those without AD had higher mean Hospital Anxiety ...

Venous leg ulcers, which may take months to heal, account for 40-70% of all lower extremity chronic wounds. New treatment options for venous leg ulcers have recently been proposed, and therefore deciding which patients are candidates for these novel-and often expensive-treatments is an important task. Moreover, researchers conducting clinical trials often wish to enroll patients who are unlikely to heal in order to minimize sample sizes needed and research costs. Our purpose was to ...

IMPORTANCE: The National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria set a goal of reducing inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use by 50% by 2020, but the extent of inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use is unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the rates of outpatient oral antibiotic prescribing by age and diagnosis, and the estimated portions of antibiotic use that may be inappropriate in adults and children in the United States.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Using the ...

BACKGROUND: In September, 2015, the UN General Assembly established the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs specify 17 universal goals, 169 targets, and 230 indicators leading up to 2030. We provide an analysis of 33 health-related SDG indicators based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015).

METHODS: We applied statistical methods to systematically compiled data to estimate the performance of 33 health-related SDG indicators for 188 ...

OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence and treatment of psoriasis in the United Kingdom.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional study to determine prevalence and cohort study to determine treatment patterns.

SETTING: Outpatient practices of general practitioners.

PATIENTS: We included in the analysis all patients who were registered with a general practitioner in the General Practice Research Database from 1987 to 2002.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The prevalence and treatment of psoriasis.

RESULTS: We ...

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease that is characterized by recurrent episodes of itching. Filaggrin (FLG) loss-of-function (FLG null) mutations have been associated with an increased risk of AD.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the effect of individual FLG null mutations on the persistence of AD over time.

METHODS: We evaluated a multiyear prospective cohort study of children with AD with respect to FLG null mutations (R501X, 2282del4, R2447X, and S3247X). We ...

BACKGROUND: Structured patient-reported outcomes of atopic dermatitis (AD) severity are not standardized in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the construct validity, internal consistency, cross-cultural validity and floor or ceiling effects of multiple AD severity assessments.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study of 2893 adults, including 602 adults who met a modified set of U.K. diagnostic criteria for AD. AD severity was assessed using self-reported ...

IMPORTANCE: Research prioritization should be guided by impact of disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether systematic reviews and protocol topics in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) reflect disease burden, measured by disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 project.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Two investigators independently assessed 15 skin conditions in the CDSR for systematic review and protocol representation from ...