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John R Priest: Influence Statistics

CONTEXT: Nontoxic multinodular goiter (MNG) is frequently observed in the general population, but little is known about the underlying genetic susceptibility to this disease. Familial cases of MNG have been reported, and published reports describe 5 families that also contain at least 1 individual with a Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary (SLCT). Germline mutations in DICER1, a gene that codes for an RNase III endoribonuclease, have been identified in families affected by ...

OBJECTIVE: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a childhood cancer arising from pleuropulmonary mesenchyme. This neoplasm is a sentinel disease in a familial tumor syndrome recently found to be associated with germline mutations in DICER1. Observations of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (OSCST) in PPB kindreds led to further study. We sought to characterize ovarian tumors seen in probands and families with PPB and PPB-related conditions and define germline DICER1 status.

METHODS: Patient ...

CONTEXT: Carriers of germline DICER1 mutations are predisposed to a rare cancer syndrome, the DICER1 syndrome. Thyroid abnormalities are a common finding in DICER1 syndrome with multinodular goiter frequently present in many families in which a germline DICER1 mutation is segregating. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is infrequently seen in such pedigrees. In addition to germline DICER1 mutations, specific somatic mutations have been identified in the DICER1 ribonuclease IIIb ...

OBJECTIVES: Nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma (NCMH) is an uncommon chondro-stromal tumor of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in infancy and childhood. Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is also a rare malignancy of lung and pleura in childhood and is the sentinel disease of an important familial tumor and dysplasia syndrome. This study identified NCMH in PPB patients.

METHODS: The International PPB Registry collects cases of PPB using central pathology review and evaluation of ...

Individuals harboring germ-line DICER1 mutations are predisposed to a rare cancer syndrome, the DICER1 Syndrome or pleuropulmonary blastoma-familial tumor and dysplasia syndrome [online Mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM) #601200]. In addition, specific somatic mutations in the DICER1 RNase III catalytic domain have been identified in several DICER1-associated tumor types. Pituitary blastoma (PitB) was identified as a distinct entity in 2008, and is a very rare, potentially lethal early ...

BACKGROUND: Constitutional DICER1 mutations were recently reported to cause familial pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB).

AIM: To investigate the contribution and phenotypic spectrum of constitutional and somatic DICER1 mutations to cancer.

METHODS AND RESULTS: The authors sequenced DICER1 in constitutional DNA from 823 unrelated patients with a variety of tumours and in 781 cancer cell lines. Constitutional DICER1 mutations were identified in 19 families including 11/14 with PPB, 2/3 with ...

Germ-line RB-1 mutations predispose to pineoblastoma (PinB), but other predisposing genetic factors are not well established. We recently identified a germ-line DICER1 mutation in a child with a PinB. This was accompanied by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the wild-type allele within the tumour. We set out to establish the prevalence of DICER1 mutations in an opportunistically ascertained series of PinBs. Twenty-one PinB cases were studied: Eighteen cases had not undergone previous ...

BACKGROUND: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) has 3 subtypes on a tumor progression pathway ranging from type I (cystic) to type II (cystic/solid) and type III (completely solid). A germline mutation in DICER1 is the genetic cause in the majority of PPB cases.

METHODS: Patients confirmed to have PPB by central pathology review were included, and their clinical characteristics and outcomes were reported. Germline DICER1 mutations were sought with Sanger sequencing.

RESULTS: There were 435 ...

BACKGROUND: Multilocular cystic nephroma (CN) is a benign kidney tumour and is part of a family of kidney neoplasms including cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma and Wilms tumour (WT). CN is rarely familial or bilateral, but it occurs in about 10% of families where pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is present. Recently, germline mutations in DICER1 were found in familial PPB.

OBJECTIVE: To search for DICER1 mutations in two families with familial CN; PPB was present in one ...

Key PointsDicer is a type III cytoplasmic endoribonuclease that is involved in the maturation of several classes of small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs.Dicer is involved in the maturation of precursor microRNAs, it loads the derived small RNAs into effector Argonaute proteins, and functions as a scaffold for several interactions in the RNA interference mechanisms.Genetic perturbation of Dicer results in defects affecting functions ranging from embryogenesis, differentiation and ...

BACKGROUND: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a unique dysontogenetic neoplasm of childhood that appears as a pulmonary and/or pleural-based mass and is characterized histologically by a primitive, variably mixed blastematous and sarcomatous appearance.

METHODS: Histologic material from all cases was reviewed and the tumors subclassified as type I (purely cystic), type II (cystic and solid), or type III (purely solid). Data regarding presenting symptoms, family history, operative ...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association of pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) with cystic nephroma (CN) and other renal tumors.

STUDY DESIGN: Complete clinicopathologic review of cases from the International PPB Registry and literature.

RESULTS: We identified 18 patients with PPB associated with 20 renal tumors (15 CN), either in themselves or family members. All patients with PPB were <5 years of age. All but one of the renal diagnoses were made before 4 years of age. Eleven children had ...