KOL | Roger F Butterworth∗Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada | ... |
Kol Lebenslauf für Roger F Butterworth∗
| Year | |
|---|---|
| 2021 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada |
| 2020 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada |
| 2019 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, B0C 1H0, Englishtown, NS, Canada University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, QC |
| 2018 | CHUM St-Luc Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada. University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, Québec, Canada |
| 2015 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2014 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hopital St-Luc (CHUM) and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2W 3J4, Canada |
| 2013 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital St-Luc (CHUM), 1058 Rue St-Denis, H2X 3J4, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2012 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2011 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2010 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), University of Montreal, 1058 St. Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2009 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint‐Luc, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2008 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2007 | Neuroscience Research Unit, CHUM (Campus Saint-Luc), University of Montreal, 1058, Saint-Denis Street, H2X 3J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2006 | Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Montreal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc, 1058 St-Denis Street, Montreal, Que., Canada H2X 3J4 |
| 2005 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2004 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
Roger F Butterworth∗: Einflussstatistik
Bericht ausführen
| Concept | World rank |
|---|---|
| binding sites cerebellum | #1 |
| nac aom | #1 |
| manganese etiology | #1 |
| 15–1788 | #1 |
| ammonia central nervous | #1 |
| 3h 11195 | #1 |
| findings reported increase | #1 |
| direct hepatoprotective effects | #1 |
| encephalopathy alanine | #1 |
| freechoice drinking paradigm | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient ataxic gait | #1 |
| lactate brain regions | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient brain | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl p0001 | #1 |
| vulnerable medial | #1 |
| deficiency wernicke | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| thdoc brain tissue | #1 |
| rats pca | #1 |
| assessment locomotor activities | #1 |
| ligand3hpk11195 | #1 |
| maternal thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| opioid encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| genetic xlinked deficiency | #1 |
| severity brain edema | #1 |
| alzheimertype astrocytosis | #1 |
| alf37 | #1 |
| 3h8ohdpat frontal cortex | #1 |
| liver failure upregulation | #1 |
| concentrations serotonin precursor | #1 |
| unchanged brain | #1 |
| neuroinflammationinflammation | #1 |
| medium kcl | #1 |
| pdhc activities | #1 |
| sustained hyperammonemia pca | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory response alf | #1 |
| acute male pregnenolone | #1 |
| portacaval shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| taurine electrolyte balance | #1 |
| reduction mild hypothermia | #1 |
| expression ptbrs | #1 |
| ldeprenyl thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| pathogenesis reversible symptoms | #1 |
| pse complication | #1 |
| cerebellar amino acids | #1 |
| atp acetyl coa | #1 |
| dipeptides hepatic | #1 |
| mild hypothermia delay | #1 |
| liver spf mice | #1 |
| precoma | #1 |
| direct evidence rats | #1 |
| cerebral aminoacids | #1 |
| alterations 3h8ohdpat | #1 |
| pse altered expression | #1 |
| shunted rat | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf rats | #1 |
| aspartate pons | #1 |
| 90 fmol protein | #1 |
| acids aaas | #1 |
| muscle ammonia removal | #1 |
| fco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| rats thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| hypothermia ammonia | #1 |
| ammonia increased expression | #1 |
| alcoholic manganese | #1 |
| ammoniainduced reduction | #1 |
| region selective alterations | #1 |
| rats surgical probenecid | #1 |
| alf messenger | #1 |
| hypokinesia et495 | #1 |
| ohe cirrhosis | #1 |
| edema glutamine | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy aids | #1 |
| hepatic abnormality characteristics | #1 |
| altered thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| increases glutamine | #1 |
| endogenous opioid brain | #1 |
| 15–1788 kinetics | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient mothers | #1 |
| neurological symptoms encephalopathy | #1 |
| died hepatic | #1 |
| fco cau | #1 |
| l‐deprenyl treatment | #1 |
| nh4ac rats | #1 |
| liver pca rats | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf mice | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis brain | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency result | #1 |
| novo synthesis gaba | #1 |
| 15–1788 plasma levels | #1 |
| ptbr mrna | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine rats | #1 |
| 57 caudate putamen | #1 |
| measurement aqp4 levels | #1 |
| manganese distribution brain | #1 |
| pca brainstem | #1 |
| pfco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| pbg pbgd | #1 |
| pathophysiology cirrhosis | #1 |
| nacl mm nacl | #1 |
| glut1 expression alf | #1 |
| bzrls | #1 |
| pse probenecid | #1 |
| pca rats | #1 |
| therapy refractive tle | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| ammonia central | #1 |
| symptomatic stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| shunted dogs | #1 |
| tmpase tdpase | #1 |
| mm nacl nacl | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine | #1 |
| induction epileptic patients | #1 |
| taurine hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| etanercept treatment reduction | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #1 |
| fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| selective ptbr ligand | #1 |
| ohe prevention prophylaxis | #1 |
| varying degrees pss | #1 |
| ammonium acetate administration | #1 |
| encephalopathy neuropsychiatric | #1 |
| encephalopathy cerebral edema | #1 |
| hyperammonemic pathologies | #1 |
| normal conditions kidney | #1 |
| mice encephalopathy | #1 |
| portacaval shunted | #1 |
| region‐selective alterations | #1 |
| glutamine resonance | #1 |
| bilirubin ataxics | #1 |
| ptbr brain | #1 |
| pfco fco | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiency | #1 |
| animal hepatectomy hepatitis | #1 |
| friedreich gilbert | #1 |
| ω3 receptor | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate prevention | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| encephalopathy hypothermia | #1 |
| autopsied brain tissue | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptor | #1 |
| vulnerable medial thalamus | #1 |
| cell swelling major | #1 |
| increased glutamine synthesis | #1 |
| normal limits findings | #1 |
| tissue cirrhotic | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency implications | #1 |
| coma pathophysiologic basis | #1 |
| encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| effective approach onset | #1 |
| pse csf lactate | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 rats | #1 |
| previous exposure benzodiazepines | #1 |
| noradrenaline transporter sites | #1 |
| cox2 tle | #1 |
| establishment adult activities | #1 |
| diencephalic cerebellar | #1 |
| brains increased concentrations | #1 |
| rat sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| nh4 neurons | #1 |
| nuclei fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| alf rats expression | #1 |
| result manganese deposition | #1 |
| cerebral cortex hypokinesia | #1 |
| precoma coma stages | #1 |
| tissues spf mice | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse | #1 |
| disease outcome prevention | #1 |
| onset brain edema | #1 |
| sites thiamine | #1 |
| methylspiperone pet | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| 1 lola | #1 |
| brain portacaval | #1 |
| increased expression ptbribp | #1 |
| otc deficiency activities | #1 |
| tnfα delayed progression | #1 |
| 062 009 liter | #1 |
| role endogenous benzodiazepines | #1 |
| brain edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| pca rats phosphate | #1 |
| hippocampus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans opioid | #1 |
| ammonia brain | #1 |
| inhibitory nh4cl | #1 |
| brain portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| relation deterioration | #1 |
| findings therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| alf rats precoma | #1 |
| glast medial thalamus | #1 |
| therapy ornithine transcarbamylase | #1 |
| dehydrogenase αkgdh | #1 |
| gabaa ammonia animals | #1 |
| alterations brain glutamate | #1 |
| severe encephalopathy coma | #1 |
| pdhc step | #1 |
| edema acute | #1 |
| rats fpc | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation | #1 |
| ohe mhe patients | #1 |
| downregulation glutamate transporter | #1 |
| fluid taurine | #1 |
| absence wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| concentrations olfactory bulb | #1 |
| expression hyperglycemic | #1 |
| abstract5fluoromethylornithine | #1 |
| transverese friedreich ataxia | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| alf glucose | #1 |
| 32°c–35°c | #1 |
| major role mechanisms | #1 |
| increased gabaergic tone | #1 |
| brains alf rats | #1 |
| daily pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| pse surgical probenecid | #1 |
| ammonia increased | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration aspartate | #1 |
| pse findings | #1 |
| nacl calcium | #1 |
| ptbr increased expression | #1 |
| expression glyt1 transporter | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| pca encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| deficiency tritium | #1 |
| activities neuronal | #1 |
| alcoholthiamine interactions | #1 |
| neurotransmitter alterations prevention | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 human brain | #1 |
| pregnenolone brain tissue | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mice | #1 |
| elucidation neurotransmitter | #1 |
| surgical probenecid rats | #1 |
| brain pse | #1 |
| encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy relationship | #1 |
| amines hepatic | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans pallidus | #1 |
| 3hpk cultured astrocytes | #1 |
| prevention ohe | #1 |
| activation brain ptbr | #1 |
| neurosteroids hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| decreased detoxification | #1 |
| hippocampal sclerosis induction | #1 |
| serotonin transporter deficit | #1 |
| ptbr expression | #1 |
| osmotic actions | #1 |
| cns relation | #1 |
| ro15 10 microm | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients densities | #1 |
| vivo cerebral microdialysis | #1 |
| genes brain edema | #1 |
| degree pss | #1 |
| model human disorder | #1 |
| frontal cortex fco | #1 |
| cerebellum 22 | #1 |
| rats acute | #1 |
| inhibitors acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| pca portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| anastomosis pca | #1 |
| anastomosis ammonia | #1 |
| receptors thiamine | #1 |
| reduced thiamine intake | #1 |
| p005 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| mhe life | #1 |
| blood ammonia md | #1 |
| pyrithiamine | #1 |
| edema complications | #1 |
| animal pyridinium | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia onset | #1 |
| h1 receptor density | #1 |
| manganese phosphate mmt | #1 |
| protective findings | #1 |
| r071–084 | #1 |
| neuronal crosstalk | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency decreases | #1 |
| improvements hepatic microcirculation | #1 |
| stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| components brain glutamate | #1 |
| precise role glutamine | #1 |
| regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| brain thiamine metabolism | #1 |
| fumazenil | #1 |
| spf mutant | #1 |
| occludin medial thalamus | #1 |
| catecholaminelike trace amines | #1 |
| autopsied brain samples | #1 |
| ammonia exposure brain | #1 |
| portocaval shunting activities | #1 |
| doses lcarnitine | #1 |
| mbr decreased expression | #1 |
| lcarnitine doses | #1 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzymes | #1 |
| clinicallydefined entities | #1 |
| loss gfap expression | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #1 |
| key astrocytic | #1 |
| pca portacaval | #1 |
| capacity cerebral cortex | #1 |
| acute male microglia | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient | #1 |
| evidence otc deficiency | #1 |
| reduction cognitive dysfunction | #1 |
| liver failure neuroinflammation | #1 |
| lola treatment | #1 |
| 202 55 nm | #1 |
| prior detoxification liver | #1 |
| alf restricted transfer | #1 |
| experimental wernicke | #1 |
| pallidal binding sites | #1 |
| frontal cortex exp | #1 |
| modulation nitric oxide | #1 |
| activities alpha kgdh | #1 |
| brain distribution rats | #1 |
| pbz binding site | #1 |
| perivenous hepatocytes brain | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamate release | #1 |
| failure ammonia | #1 |
| histamine receptor sites | #1 |
| etanercept hepatic | #1 |
| pfco frontal cortex | #1 |
| surgical rna messenger | #1 |
| relation energy metabolism | #1 |
| regionselective alterations | #1 |
| brain ammonia removal | #1 |
| mbr astrocytes | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding | #1 |
| 24 hours pca | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain | #1 |
| glur3 subunits opca | #1 |
| acute neurons mechanisms | #1 |
| response alf | #1 |
| encephalopathy binding | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen rats | #1 |
| liver failure modulation | #1 |
| dopamine thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| findings manganese | #1 |
| thiamine monophosphatetmp | #1 |
| rats alf | #1 |
| nonsclerotic tle patients | #1 |
| cirrhosis brain dysfunction | #1 |
| age time interval | #1 |
| ammonia toxins | #1 |
| ammonia major roles | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase capacity | #1 |
| hypothermia brain | #1 |
| cirrhosis nature | #1 |
| borne ammonia | #1 |
| rats ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| alf35 | #1 |
| glutamate exposure ammonia | #1 |
| gut ammonia | #1 |
| tdpase activities loss | #1 |
| veratramines action | #1 |
| medial thalamus day | #1 |
| acute male muscle | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation addition | #1 |
| glucose loading precipitates | #1 |
| appearance neurological symptoms | #1 |
| dawley ammonia | #1 |
| antiparkinson drugs hypokinesia | #1 |
| increased gabaergic | #1 |
| brain herniation alf | #1 |
| serum lad friedreich | #1 |
| pcs rats protective | #1 |
| ammoniainduced inhibition | #1 |
| manganese deposition | #1 |
| glutamine astrocyte | #1 |
| increased brain concentrations | #1 |
| astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| wellestablished actions | #1 |
| disorder portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| nakatpase activity thalamus | #1 |
| neuroinflammation cns complications | #1 |
| activation ptbr | #1 |
| hepatic devascularized rats | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy | #1 |
| regional variation bckdh | #1 |
| plasma alf rats | #1 |
| thalamus wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| histamine caudate putamen | #1 |
| pca ethanol | #1 |
| pallidal signal hyperintensity | #1 |
| ptbr complex | #1 |
| affinity ptbr | #1 |
| encephalopathy male | #1 |
| brain edema rats | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemia syndromes | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration | #1 |
| metabolism ammonia | #1 |
| cerebral cortex pca | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| brains pcs rats | #1 |
| selective loss | #1 |
| coma stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| mild hypothermia prevention | #1 |
| 10 microm flumazenil | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics cirrhosis | #1 |
| prevention ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| brain ammonia measurement | #1 |
| selectively increased | #1 |
| nacl taurine | #1 |
| igg extravasation expression | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral | #1 |
| combined metabolic stresses | #1 |
| alf alterations | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia cerebral cortex | #1 |
| decreased pdhc | #1 |
| degree shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| exclusion brain diseases | #1 |
| pyrithiamine quinuclidinyl | #1 |
| tdwt mice | #1 |
| alf relation | #1 |
| cuznsod cox2 | #1 |
| brain dysfunction pse | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain edema | #1 |
| pharmacological manipulation ptbr | #1 |
| nac animal hepatic | #1 |
| increased activity katpase | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency synthesis | #1 |
| treatment mild encephalopathy | #1 |
| reversal neurological symptoms | #1 |
| alf precise role | #1 |
| encephalopathy zidovudine | #1 |
| microglial activation protective | #1 |
| update hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| dawley thiamine | #1 |
| precise nature | #1 |
| blood manganese etiology | #1 |
| encephalopathy animals | #1 |
| glyt1 mrna | #1 |
| stroke forms | #1 |
| cau cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| bbb animal hepatic | #1 |
| antagonist pyrithiamine | #1 |
| 7 thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| reduction bbb breakdown | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| loss righting reflexes | #1 |
| deficiency densities | #1 |
| ammonia mechanisms | #1 |
| muscarinic thiamine | #1 |
| loss 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| ammonia proinflammatory | #1 |
| ouabain doses | #1 |
| increased binding sites | #1 |
| ammonia increased production | #1 |
| mechanisms wemickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| symptomatic pyrithiamine | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis tips | #1 |
| csf lactate accumulation | #1 |
| nonvulnerable fpc | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium 7 | #1 |
| experimental pse | #1 |
| pca cns | #1 |
| “ peripheral | #1 |
| expression astrocytic | #1 |
| encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| increased csf lactate | #1 |
| increased brain | #1 |
| pathophysiology hepatic | #1 |
| pss rats | #1 |
| benzodiazepine site contrast | #1 |
| lola mental state | #1 |
| superoxide dismutase rat | #1 |
| alzheimer type astrocytosis | #1 |
| bzrls cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| inhibition bloodbrain transfer | #1 |
| prophylaxis reductions | #1 |
| tdpase encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| 100 microm manganese | #1 |
| pse neurotransmitter agents | #1 |
| pca portacaval shunt | #1 |
| lcarnitinetreated | #1 |
| neurotransmitter function | #1 |
| activities thalamus | #1 |
| dismutase hyperglycemic | #1 |
| encephalopathy adult | #1 |
| pss dopamine hepatic | #1 |
| tk activity onset | #1 |
| testis densities | #1 |
| alanine cerebral cortex | #1 |
| 071−084 | #1 |
| isoquinoline benzodiazepine ligands | #1 |
| decreased detoxification ammonia | #1 |
| pbgd rat model | #1 |
| nonvulnerable frontal cortex | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments betaactin | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| oatreated rats alf | #1 |
| disorder thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| failure brain | #1 |
| surgical rna | #1 |
| azoxymethane toxicity | #1 |
| animals thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| ammonium acetate challenge | #1 |
| atp free coenzyme | #1 |
| experimental model metabolic | #1 |
| rats direct evidence | #1 |
| increased densities | #1 |
| blood ammonia improvement | #1 |
| ammonia metabolism disorders | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod mrna | #1 |
| alf mild hypothermia | #1 |
| brain glutamine severity | #1 |
| brain hepatic | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia dehydrogenase | #1 |
| kidney portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| raphe serotonin serotonin | #1 |
| cirrhosis vicious cycle | #1 |
| alf studies | #1 |
| wistar receptors pca | #1 |
| deficiency selective | #1 |
| cerebral levels glutamine | #1 |
| aqp4 proinflammatory mediators | #1 |
| selective increases | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency activities | #1 |
| offspring animal pyruvate | #1 |
| inhibitory ammonium ions | #1 |
| glial filament network | #1 |
| encephalopathy new | #1 |
| lumbar gray matter | #1 |
| mg2dependentatpase | #1 |
| ω3 receptor 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| rats insulin hypoglycaemia | #1 |
| 3hpk binding | #1 |
| investigator neurological disorders | #1 |
| congenitally hyperammonemic | #1 |
| ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| haloperidol humans haloperiodol | #1 |
| ethanol nutritional deficit | #1 |
| finding loss | #1 |
| alf animal hypothermia | #1 |
| lad platelets | #1 |
| pbz receptor densities | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia nakatpase | #1 |
| cirrhosis psychometric testing | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase activities | #1 |
| portacaval‐shunted rat | #1 |
| experimental portal | #1 |
| 6hydroxydopamine anterolateral hypothalamus | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy integrity | #1 |
| wks spraguedawley receptors | #1 |
| cirrhotic brain tissue | #1 |
| alf mice deletion | #1 |
| seesection | #1 |
| induction astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| azoxymethane bloodbrain barrier | #1 |
| alf include | #1 |
| ptbr nnos | #1 |
| encephalopathy prevention | #1 |
| severe liver atrophy | #1 |
| pse increased densities | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation glutamine | #1 |
| mhe clinical practice | #1 |
| 44433a | #1 |
| manganese extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| brain levels tmp | #1 |
| rats hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| isoquinolinebinding moiety | #1 |
| iotal6 | #1 |
| caudate putamen 57 | #1 |
| edema energy | #1 |
| novo lactate synthesis | #1 |
| brain pregnant rats | #1 |
| cultured cells mrna | #1 |
| experimental thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| brain levels dheas | #1 |
| pathogenesis neuronal loss | #1 |
| liver dysfunction findings | #1 |
| copper pallidum | #1 |
| cell damage mechanisms | #1 |
| isomorphic model predictions | #1 |
| cns wernickekorsakoff | #1 |
| type astrocytosis | #1 |
| matkowskyj | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate ammonia | #1 |
| thalamus thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| caudate putamen sum | #1 |
| enzyme perivenous hepatocytes | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient animals | #1 |
| csf lactate pse | #1 |
| csf portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| devascularized rat | #1 |
| key astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| ptbr mrna thalamus | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients benzodiazepines | #1 |
| experimental portacaval shunt | #1 |
| ammonia mrna | #1 |
| enos gene deletion | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy neurobiology | #1 |
| rats portacaval | #1 |
| edema cytokines | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency appearance | #1 |
| thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| spf mice activities | #1 |
| pathogenetic defect | #1 |
| alf rats | #1 |
| rats metallic | #1 |
| focal lactic acidosis | #1 |
| removal bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| pse portalsystemic shunting | #1 |
| pathogenesis cerebral complications | #1 |
| additional thiamine | #1 |
| caveolin1 pathway | #1 |
| ucds liver failure | #1 |
| spf mouse | #1 |
| genes astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| patient olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #1 |
| in3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| neurological syndrome nature | #1 |
| phenols fig 1structure | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| maximal binding absence | #1 |
| mild hypothermia alf | #1 |
| action acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| reduction circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| stress encephalopathy | #1 |
| coding key | #1 |
| pca rats patients | #1 |
| acute chronic hyperammonemia | #1 |
| aom treatment alf | #1 |
| peripheral steroidal sources | #1 |
| rat wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| loss 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| restricted transfer cell | #1 |
| alf aom | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain | #1 |
| surgical rats rats | #1 |
| 213caspartate | #1 |
| precipitation severe stages | #1 |
| hepatic glt1 | #1 |
| manifest altered expression | #1 |
| ptbrs | #1 |
| regionselective increases | #1 |
| result toxins | #1 |
| neurological symptoms normalisation | #1 |
| concomitantly increased | #1 |
| glt1 encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| neuronastrocytic trafficking | #1 |
| alf hypothermia | #1 |
| protein coma stages | #1 |
| symptoms wernicke | #1 |
| flunitrazepam hepatic | #1 |
| animal liver failure | #1 |
| deficiency binding | #1 |
| hypermmonemia | #1 |
| diabetes ataxia humans | #1 |
| encephalopathy expression | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency expression | #1 |
| cerebellum sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| flumazenil cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| cytokines mild | #1 |
| igg extravasation reduction | #1 |
| pons gaba content | #1 |
| rats probenecid treatment | #1 |
| reduced astrocytic uptake | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate lola | #1 |
| normal conditions gut | #1 |
| encephalopathy nitrogen | #1 |
| neuroinhibitory steroid | #1 |
| serotonin precursor metabolite | #1 |
| cns complications alf | #1 |
| ethanol preference ratio | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain edema | #1 |
| pca penicillamine | #1 |
| ptbr sites | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mouse | #1 |
| neuroinflammation alf | #1 |
| brain glutamate synthesis | #1 |
| ptbr expression pathogenesis | #1 |
| pathogenesis hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| alterations brain dopamine | #1 |
| novo synthesis aspartate | #1 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| viral hepatitis alf | #1 |
| brain ptbr | #1 |
| spine neurochemical | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex friedreichs | #1 |
| radioenzymatic assays activities | #1 |
| ammonia acute | #1 |
| deficiency prior | #1 |
| liver failure increases | #1 |
| control alf37 | #1 |
| hereditary familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| effects ammonia | #1 |
| hyperammonaemia brain function | #1 |
| effective approach prevention | #1 |
| human brain ammonia | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine | #1 |
| alterations expression result | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine transporter | #1 |
| mechanisms brain edema | #1 |
| 11 thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| hepatic coma bbb | #1 |
| hypothesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| atrophy brain glutamate | #1 |
| ammonia intoxication rats | #1 |
| caudate nucleus cau | #1 |
| inflammation thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| astrocytic integrity | #1 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome disturbances | #1 |
| disorders ammonia metabolism | #1 |
| progressive volume increase | #1 |
| rendered ataxic | #1 |
| l3hnoarg | #1 |
| efficacy lola | #1 |
| pca increased densities | #1 |
| taurine microsomes | #1 |
| failure hepatic | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic rats | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy lcarnitine | #1 |
| protective pathogenesis | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics | #1 |
| enzyme activities loss | #1 |
| astrocyte morphology alterations | #1 |
| free coa atp | #1 |
| ptbribp | #1 |
| circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| liver normal cd1 | #1 |
| microsomes medium | #1 |
| brain glutamine | #1 |
| stages igg immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| decreased tdp concentrations | #1 |
| autopsy cirrhotic | #1 |
| older cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| reversible symptoms | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepines | #1 |
| ammonia glutamate uptake | #1 |
| congenital ornithine | #1 |
| aom mice | #1 |
| pregnanolone brain chemistry | #1 |
| encephalopathy | #1 |
| local brain production | #1 |
| glast protein day | #1 |
| induced stereotyped behavior | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency alcoholics | #1 |
| hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| evidence thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| ptbribp frontal cortex | #1 |
| pugh score iii | #1 |
| progression thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| xlinked inherited defect | #1 |
| portacaval shunting activities | #1 |
| findings ammonia | #1 |
| pyrithiamine rats | #1 |
| aom animal hypothermia | #1 |
| alterations increased expression | #1 |
| cns pca | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients cau | #1 |
| daily injections thiamine | #1 |
| 8 cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| exposure proinflammatory | #1 |
| development nutritional recommendations | #1 |
| rats coma | #1 |
| progression encephalopathy | #1 |
| animal model encephalopathy | #1 |
| pyrithiaminetreated rats | #1 |
| manganese pathogenesis | #1 |
| gabaaassociated receptors | #1 |
| central thiamine | #1 |
| lola reductions | #1 |
| lactate medial thalamus | #1 |
| action ro15 | #1 |
| preference pca | #1 |
| agents metabolic potential | #1 |
| stress alf | #1 |
| that11cpk11195 | #1 |
| astrocytes ammonia levels | #1 |
| hepatocerebral disorders | #1 |
| brain altered expression | #1 |
| glutaminecycle | #1 |
| spontaneous release glutamate | #1 |
| modulatory sites | #1 |
| 70 tk | #1 |
| csf benzodiazepine | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency bckdh | #1 |
| normalisation enzyme activities | #1 |
| encephalopathy cau | #1 |
| humans gabaa steroids | #1 |
| betaep brain | #1 |
| congenital otc | #1 |
| neuromodulatory site | #1 |
| 3hkainate sites | #1 |
| monoaminergic synaptic function | #1 |
| loss tdpase activities | #1 |
| surgical probenecid | #1 |
| autopsy brain choline | #1 |
| investigator predictions | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl | #1 |
| decreased expression glt1 | #1 |
| brain edema increases | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia thiaminedeficient | #1 |
| clf alf | #1 |
| taurine medium | #1 |
| 2 mm ammonia | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia rats | #1 |
| circulating ammonia | #1 |
| cirrhosis ammonia hepatic | #1 |
| focal lactic | #1 |
| brain edema complications | #1 |
| aom mice nac | #1 |
| akinesia rats | #1 |
| malnutrition hepatic failure | #1 |
| alterations pse | #1 |
| csf concentrations bzrls | #1 |
| inherited ataxias characteristics | #1 |
| increased activities maoa | #1 |
| ammonia cns function | #1 |
| initial reports pathogenesis | #1 |
| measured homogenates | #1 |
| sgc activation lymphocytes | #1 |
| pca astrocytic | #1 |
| platelet taurine uptake | #1 |
| central thiamine antagonist | #1 |
| ammonialowering agents | #1 |
| modulators hepatic | #1 |
| liver failure ucds | #1 |
| microglia neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| pca rats pca | #1 |
| thalamus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| lola prevention | #1 |
| maob cerebellum | #1 |
| aom nac | #1 |
| human hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| hypokinesia stereotaxic microinjection | #1 |
| weeks portacaval | #1 |
| nakatpase activities striatum | #1 |
| sgc cerebral cortex | #1 |
| alf nmda receptor | #1 |
| hyperammonemia accounts | #1 |
| serum lad patients | #1 |
| dha administration mnsod | #1 |
| 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptors | #1 |
| pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| pfco cau | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen | #1 |
| reduction brain ammonia | #1 |
| chronic thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| shunted rats presence | #1 |
| brain human experimental | #1 |
| astrocyte undergoes | #1 |
| findings neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| onset neurological symptoms | #1 |
| progression prevention | #1 |
| pbgd mrna expression | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| brain ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| ptbr | #1 |
| pglycoprotein mild hypothermia | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic | #1 |
| nac normalization | #1 |
| male pyrithiamine | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| brain astrocytes alterations | #1 |
| portacaval | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency 23 | #1 |
| iii flumazenil | #1 |
| presence brain extracts | #1 |
| microglia evidence | #1 |
| loss thiamine | #1 |
| markedly impaired | #1 |
| ptbr densities | #1 |
| alf proinflammatory | #1 |
| encephalopathy thiamine | #1 |
| ldopa trace amines | #1 |
| alf amino | #1 |
| specific l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| thalamus pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| nac neurological complications | #1 |
| mental state grade | #1 |
| pfco | #1 |
| fur spf | #1 |
| alf effects | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| etanercepttreated alf mice | #1 |
| ammonialowering strategies | #1 |
| oxotremorine particle size | #1 |
| hyperammonemic sparse | #1 |
| ngnitrol3harginine | #1 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder evidence | #1 |
| alterations neurological alterations | #1 |
| molecular standpoint | #1 |
| binding sites 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| alpha1 isoform ec50 | #1 |
| autopsied frontal cortex | #1 |
| alf therapeutic | #1 |
| hyperammonemia aaas | #1 |
| alcohol‐thiamine interactions | #1 |
| proinflammatory cytokines strategies | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 ligands | #1 |
| activities thiamine | #1 |
| tdpase activities | #1 |
| specific energy metabolism | #1 |
| hyperglycemic focal | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiencies | #1 |
| edema formation mnsod | #1 |
| acute symptomatic animals | #1 |
| bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| dawley amino | #1 |
| experimental thiamine | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments messenger | #1 |
| increased extracellular brain | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy implications | #1 |
| experimental alf increases | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| pca activities | #1 |
| rats antisense elements | #1 |
| transketolase enzyme activities | #1 |
| pfco brain tissue | #1 |
| magna catheter | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod | #1 |
| alf azoxymethane | #1 |
| l‐3hnitroarginine | #1 |
| atp free coa | #1 |
| bbb permeability alf | #1 |
| neurobiology hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| dansyl chloride microassay | #1 |
| severity akinesia | #1 |
| pca loss | #1 |
| oatreated rats | #1 |
| taurines role | #1 |
| distribution l3hnoarg | #1 |
| comatose rats | #1 |
| ptbrs portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| disproportionately levels | #1 |
| decarboxylase hepatic | #1 |
| pglycoprotein willebrand factor | #1 |
| csf concentrations ammonia | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase protein | #1 |
| failure alanine | #1 |
| ptbr ligand | #1 |
| mrnas ampa receptor | #1 |
| minocyclinetreated alf rats | #1 |
| gabaa neurosteroids | #1 |
| spraguedawley statistics immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| muscle portacaval shunting | #1 |
| chat loss | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic | #1 |
| protective portacavalshunted rats | #1 |
| brain ammonia reduction | #1 |
| encephalopathy histamine humans | #1 |
| brain prominent neurotoxin | #1 |
| pathogenesis clinic | #1 |
| liver pathology increases | #1 |
| ptbr ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| normal cd1 | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemic | #1 |
| failure thiamine | #1 |
| cerebral hepatic levels | #1 |
| alf37 degrees | #1 |
| glut1 alf | #1 |
| fasting intravenous injection | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy prevention | #1 |
| omega 3 receptor | #1 |
| portacaval pcs rats | #1 |
| deterioration neurological status | #1 |
| ptbr alterations | #1 |
| dissected brain tissue | #1 |
| nh4oac administration | #1 |
| early astrocytic response | #1 |
| glucose loading decreases | #1 |
| jadad cochrane ohe | #1 |
| alterations receptor sites | #1 |
| increased brain content | #1 |
| fig dansyl | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 sites | #1 |
| 3865 258 nm | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency neurons | #1 |
| prevention brain edema | #1 |
| psychometric testing falls | #1 |
| brain gaba uptake | #1 |
| pathogenesis pse | #1 |
| pathogenesis portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| lola effective | #1 |
| selective damage pdhc | #1 |
| sgc activation brain | #1 |
| additional bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| indwelling cisterna | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| portacavalshunted rats protective | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation patients | #1 |
| benzoate spf | #1 |
| hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| akgdh | #1 |
| reversal antiparkinson drugs | #1 |
| ligand3h | #1 |
| pca beta endorphin | #1 |
| severe pse | #1 |
| nh4 forms neurons | #1 |
| encephalopathy alcoholic | #1 |
| prevents brain | #1 |
| cyclase content | #1 |
| ptbr mrna levels | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| liver diseases range | #1 |
| opca messenger receptors | #1 |
| capacity ammonia removal | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient rats | #1 |
| activities maob | #1 |
| reflex selective decreases | #1 |
| reflex pdhc activities | #1 |
| neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| hereferences | #1 |
| mild hypothermia reduction | #1 |
| grc integrity | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex transketolase | #1 |
| receptor cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| integrity gabaa receptors | #1 |
| spectrum neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #1 |
| brain regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency brains | #1 |
| “peripheraltype | #1 |
| pss degree | #1 |
| brains spf mice | #1 |
| thiamine daily administration | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| 2 7fold increases | #1 |
| oxygenase1 hepatic | #1 |
| accumulate brain | #1 |
| ammonia removal brain | #1 |
| l‐3harginine | #1 |
| pse lornithinelaspartate | #1 |
| region selective | #1 |
| region‐selective | #1 |
| mmt manganese phosphate | #1 |
| nacetylcysteine cerebral complications | #1 |
| hypothermia prevents | #1 |
| transketolase tk activities | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| kgdh activities | #1 |
| locomotor activities difference | #1 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase lad | #1 |
| αkgdh activities | #1 |
| predictive model investigator | #1 |
| neuronal thalamus | #1 |
| csf ammonia control | #1 |
| brain liver failure | #1 |
| prevention brain | #1 |
| surgical portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| s‐3h5‐fluorowillardiine | #1 |
| term fluorescence phenomenon | #1 |
| familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| onset hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| lcarnitine energy metabolites | #1 |
| encephalopathy vivo | #1 |
| maob encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| monoamines hplc | #1 |
| neuroprotection onset | #1 |
| vicious cycle sarcopenia | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf | #1 |
| metabolites term fluorescence | #1 |
| ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| 3acetyl pyridine rats | #1 |
| congenital acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| etanercept il6 levels | #1 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy expression | #1 |
| psychometric testing risk | #1 |
| portacavalshunting | #1 |
| brain congenital | #1 |
| alf evidence | #1 |
| neurosteroid modulatory | #1 |
| primary energy failure | #1 |
| kgdh decreased | #1 |
| ammonia liver failure | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| cerebral γ‐aminobutyric acid | #1 |
| hyperammonemic disorders | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| alf animals expression | #1 |
| leigh disease forms | #1 |
| brain pca rats | #1 |
| administration novo synthesis | #1 |
| dying hepatic | #1 |
| increased brain ammonia | #1 |
| metabolic scavengers | #1 |
| neuroinflammation liver failure | #1 |
| dose dependent swelling | #1 |
| maoa activities cerebellum | #1 |
| synthesis intercellular transport | #1 |
| coma edema stages | #1 |
| selective reversible decreases | #1 |
| peripheral inflammation etanercept | #1 |
| cau lobe hepatic | #1 |
| coa levels brain | #1 |
| postshunt myelopathy | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| subclass sites | #1 |
| routine neurological evaluation | #1 |
| glutamateper | #1 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes establishment | #1 |
| hepatic coma patients | #1 |
| liver failure alterations | #1 |
| expression ptbr | #1 |
| portacavalshunted pcs rats | #1 |
| liver spleen ratios | #1 |
| receptor ptbr | #1 |
| encephalopathy il1beta | #1 |
| nmda receptor alf | #1 |
| gaba 11 | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral neuropathy | #1 |
| selective alterations | #1 |
| pca increased | #1 |
| content pallidum | #1 |
| albumin dialysis systems | #1 |
| pyrithiamine pyruvate | #1 |
| increased blood manganese | #1 |
| brain cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| pca operation | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activation | #1 |
| astrocyticneuronal cross | #1 |
| effective urea cycle | #1 |
| ligase hepatic | #1 |
| cell increased synthesis | #1 |
| perivascular endothelial cells | #1 |
| cox2 il1beta mrna | #1 |
| primary astrocytopathy | #1 |
| sodium benzoate atp | #1 |
| lipopolysaccharide precipitates | #1 |
| cerebrospinal fluid ammonia | #1 |
| mutant spf | #1 |
| cox2 ca1 subfield | #1 |
| ammonia normal conditions | #1 |
| lola efficacy | #1 |
| neurological disorders selection | #1 |
| glutamate originating | #1 |
| plasma clearance halflife | #1 |
| deficiency transketolase | #1 |
| lola nash | #1 |
| increase brain extracts | #1 |
| encephalopathy central | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathies | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings patients | #1 |
| wernicke′s encephalopathy | #1 |
| receptors pca | #1 |
| loss transporter sites | #1 |
| predilection neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| ligand3hpirenzepine | #1 |
| bioaccumulation neuropathology | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites rats | #1 |
| pons thiamine treatment | #1 |
| nimesulide thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| increased levels allopregnanolone | #1 |
| selectively decreased | #1 |
| poor nutrition vitamin | #1 |
| homogenates cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| 3hmuscimol binding studies | #1 |
| polyclonal antibody glt1 | #1 |
| brain major | #1 |
| alcoholrelated brain dysfunction | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepine | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl p005 | #1 |
| distribution 3htryptamine | #1 |
| exp assessment | #1 |
| l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| regionselective reductions | #1 |
| daily injections ldeprenyl | #1 |
| alf hepatic | #1 |
| subjects transport defect | #1 |
| azoxymethane brain | #1 |
| loss nmda | #1 |
| heneuropathology | #1 |
| sites ptbr | #1 |
| rats varying degrees | #1 |
| betaactin housekeeping gene | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| relation sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia lcarnitine | #1 |
| death wernicke | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy authors | #1 |
| thalamus vulnerable region | #1 |
| alf neuroinflammation | #1 |
| neurological complications alf | #1 |
| etanercept biological plausibility | #1 |
| ptbrs binding | #1 |
| glt1 transporter proteins | #1 |
| pca rat | #1 |
| cerebral energy deficit | #1 |
| relationship blood manganese | #1 |
| cloned rat ptbr | #1 |
| ammoniainduced decrease | #1 |
| exposure azoxymethane | #1 |
| continues rely | #1 |
| αkgdh onset | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse model | #1 |
| rate thiamine turnover | #1 |
| cirrhosis extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| treatment lola | #1 |
| alf brain edema | #1 |
| liver pca | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemia activation | #1 |
| seasonal ataxia | #1 |
| brain consequent increases | #1 |
| key astroglial proteins | #1 |
| material equal | #1 |
| reactive gliosis contrast | #1 |
| mild hypothermia onset | #1 |
| mitochondrial enzyme αkgdh | #1 |
| interferongamma brains | #1 |
| osmotic disturbance | #1 |
| abnormal pyruvate oxidation | #1 |
| restricted transfer glutamine | #1 |
| maternal thiamine | #1 |
| flunitrazepam modulation | #1 |
| tissue distribution neuropathology | #1 |
| muscarinic m1 sites | #1 |
| ammonia pca | #1 |
| etanercept decreased plasma | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| spf mice | #1 |
| brain ammonia pca | #1 |
| ampa sites | #1 |
| densities ptbr sites | #1 |
| widespread alterations | #1 |
| 001 cerebral | #1 |
| encephalopathy sham | #1 |
| nnos expression result | #1 |
| caudate putamen concentrations | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamates hippocampus | #1 |
| increased synthesis cell | #1 |
| liver failure muscle | #1 |
| cerebral disorder | #1 |
| increased activities tdpase | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry cox2 immunoreactivity | #1 |
| tdpase tdpase activities | #1 |
| thiamine phosphatases | #1 |
| αkgdh | #1 |
| free neurological | #1 |
| alf increases | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf | #1 |
| veratramines action parachlorophenylalanine | #1 |
| failure amino | #1 |
| hypothermia delay | #1 |
| thiamine interactions | #1 |
| regional lactate levels | #1 |
| overt encephalopathy alterations | #1 |
| deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| excess bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| complications alf | #1 |
| blood ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| parkinsonism cirrhosis | #1 |
| previous portacaval anastomoses | #1 |
| normothermic alf rats | #1 |
| glast spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| compounds pyrithiamine | #1 |
| encephalopathy selective loss | #1 |
| brain osmolytes | #1 |
| humans wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke | #1 |
| ldopa octopamine | #1 |
| encephalopathy increased | #1 |
| alf37 alf37 degrees | #1 |
| coma stages | #1 |
| etanercept aom | #1 |
| disorder isomorphic model | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency humans | #1 |
| encephalopathy portacaval | #2 |
| form ataxia | #2 |
| hyperammonemia increased | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency wks | #2 |
| electrified grid | #2 |
| sgc brain | #2 |
| dheas hepatic | #2 |
| brain organic myoinositol | #2 |
| increased manganese | #2 |
| phosphate sulfate mixture | #2 |
| improvement mental state | #2 |
| modulation brain | #2 |
| 3alpha5alphathp 3alpha5betathp | #2 |
| precoma coma | #2 |
| lactate coma stages | #2 |
| alanine frontal cortex | #2 |
| glt1 increased | #2 |
| responsible neurological | #2 |
| moderate grade iii | #2 |
| allopregnanolone fold | #2 |
| nmda receptor pca | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy | #2 |
| induced liver failure | #2 |
| encephalopathy glutamine concentrations | #2 |
| congenital hyperammonemias | #2 |
| pyrithiamine treated | #2 |
| sustained deficiency arginine | #2 |
| encephalopathy onset | #2 |
| brain taurine concentrations | #2 |
| ammonia detoxification glutamine | #2 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes | #2 |
| membranes tomography | #2 |
| cuznsod mrna cuznsod | #2 |
| rat brain relation | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy complication | #2 |
| early precoma stages | #2 |
| loss eaat2 expression | #2 |
| concentrations dheas | #2 |
| selective increase | #2 |
| diseases manganese | #2 |
| csf ammonia | #2 |
| 3acetyl pyridine | #2 |
| treatment asparagine | #2 |
| hyperammonaemia hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| brain edema concentrations | #2 |
| immunohistochemistry liver failure | #2 |
| ammoniainduced neurotoxicity | #2 |
| pyrithiamine rats rats | #2 |
| brain portacaval shunting | #2 |
| sites increased | #2 |
| increase coma | #2 |
| deficiency include | #2 |
| hepatic cerebral | #2 |
| ammonia metabolism astrocytes | #2 |
| pca brain regions | #2 |
| ammonia octanoic acid | #2 |
| impaired gaba function | #2 |
| ataxia animals | #2 |
| coma stages p001 | #2 |
| thiamine phosphorylation | #2 |
| reduced concentrations dheas | #2 |
| hyperammonemia synaptosomes | #2 |
| alf drug | #2 |
| isomorphic models | #2 |
| animal hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| model wernicke | #2 |
| 2 brain samples | #2 |
| glutamine intracranial | #2 |
| concentrations gammaguanidinobutyric acid | #2 |
| brain levels neurosteroids | #2 |
| 2 flumazenil | #2 |
| intracranial hypertension alf | #2 |
| alf control | #2 |
| brain shunted rats | #2 |
| modulation sgc | #2 |
| millimolar concentrations brain | #2 |
| thiamine dependent | #2 |
| pallidum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| 3hpk11195 brain regions | #2 |
| cerebral complications alf | #2 |
| ammonia central role | #2 |
| glutamate glur2 | #2 |
| implicated pathogenesis | #2 |
| liver failure studies | #2 |
| male portacaval shunt | #2 |
| osmotic effects glutamine | #2 |
| pathogenesis friedreichs ataxia | #2 |
| mouse astrocytes effects | #2 |
| concentrations ammonium chloride | #2 |
| progression ohe | #2 |
| thp metabolites fatigue | #2 |
| degree gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| precoma stages increase | #2 |
| alcoholics absence | #2 |
| cerebral edema loss | #2 |
| haloperiodol | #2 |
| enzyme deficits | #2 |
| mice alf | #2 |
| densities binding sites | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients modulation | #2 |
| cortical astrocytes ammonia | #2 |
| hydrolases aged | #2 |
| computed wernicke encephalopathy | #2 |
| protein levels glast | #2 |
| reduction dopamine turnover | #2 |
| increasing dheas currents | #2 |
| neuropathic pain etanercept | #2 |
| cerebellum output | #2 |
| gammagba | #2 |
| isomorphic model | #2 |
| liver cirrhosis activation | #2 |
| encephalopathy aids | #2 |
| ammonia animal hepatic | #2 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone fold | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy patients | #2 |
| 150 dose increase | #2 |
| edematous cerebral cortex | #2 |
| gaba ammonia | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzyme | #2 |
| wks decreased activities | #2 |
| 67 coma stages | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent | #2 |
| ammonia gabaergic neurotransmission | #2 |
| encephalopathy acute | #2 |
| thirtytwo cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| treatment cns complications | #2 |
| serum lad | #2 |
| failure alf | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheter | #2 |
| neurons glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| alpha1 sites | #2 |
| binding 3hpk11195 | #2 |
| encephalopathy histamine | #2 |
| astrocytic benzodiazepine | #2 |
| densities binding | #2 |
| systemic encephalopathy | #2 |
| reduced brain dheas | #2 |
| defect membrane transport | #2 |
| pyrithiamine induced | #2 |
| fold allopregnanolone | #2 |
| death thiamine | #2 |
| gfap immunoreactivity degree | #2 |
| fold thdoc | #2 |
| chronic thiamine | #2 |
| gabaa receptor indomethacin | #2 |
| brain lactate synthesis | #2 |
| swelling cortical astrocytes | #2 |
| portacaval anastomosis pca | #2 |
| ornithine aminotransferase administration | #2 |
| neuropsychiatric complication | #2 |
| thiamine bloodbrain barrier | #2 |
| increase coma stages | #2 |
| aged muscimol | #2 |
| thiaminedeficient mice | #2 |
| ammoniainduced alterations | #2 |
| alpha kgdh | #2 |
| encephalopathy wernicke | #2 |
| neurons nmr | #2 |
| encephalopathy major | #2 |
| 26 153 | #2 |
| indomethacin locomotor deficit | #2 |
| increased activities | #2 |
| l‐ornithine‐l‐aspartate | #2 |
| mental state trials | #2 |
| body fatigue rats | #2 |
| decreased reuptake | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation loss | #2 |
| densities bmax | #2 |
| 3beta5alphathp | #2 |
| gabaa encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| disorder loss | #2 |
| ohe encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| development ethanol preference | #2 |
| taurine platelets | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gabaa | #2 |
| glutamate syndrome | #2 |
| neuronal loss alterations | #2 |
| activities muscle | #2 |
| gammagba nalphaacetylarginine nalphaaa | #2 |
| activities maoa | #2 |
| dheas body fatigue | #2 |
| reflex stage | #2 |
| extracellular brain | #2 |
| alf mrna expression | #2 |
| glutamine hepatic | #2 |
| symptoms thiamine | #2 |
| hypokinesia produced | #2 |
| 3000 microg m3 | #2 |
| mri neurological evaluation | #2 |
| pallidal manganese | #2 |
| autopsy delay intervals | #2 |
| restricted transfer | #2 |
| neuroinhibitory steroids | #2 |
| mice acetaminophen toxicity | #2 |
| cerebellum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| dheas bdl rats | #2 |
| shunted | #2 |
| liver thiamine | #2 |
| lornithinelaspartate | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients pathology | #2 |
| cholinergic neuronal loss | #2 |
| pathophysiologic mechanisms | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ohe | #2 |
| aqp4 cerebral cortex | #2 |
| pathogenesis portal | #2 |
| portacaval shunting | #2 |
| bath concentration ammonia | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation | #2 |
| human brain contrast | #2 |
| sustained hyperammonemia | #2 |
| kinetics taurine | #2 |
| increased levels pregnenolone | #2 |
| computerized autotrack | #2 |
| deficient encephalopathy | #2 |
| liver spf | #2 |
| rats thiamine | #2 |
| 970±079 | #2 |
| brains 36 patients | #2 |
| controls 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| increased novo synthesis | #2 |
| edema alf | #2 |
| iggimmunoreactivity | #2 |
| symptomatic rats | #2 |
| brain lactate increase | #2 |
| cns consequences | #2 |
| reduced brain levels | #2 |
| bergmann glial pathology | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheters | #2 |
| dheas reduced | #2 |
| brain glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| pca rats allopregnanolone | #2 |
| central neuroinflammatory | #2 |
| brain samples alcoholics | #2 |
| bckdh bckdh activity | #2 |
| tdp dependent enzymes | #2 |
| inbred strains glutamine | #2 |
| thiamine turnover | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy controls | #2 |
| liver failure gfap | #2 |
| vesicular dysfunction | #2 |
| nitric oxide brain | #2 |
| shunted pcs | #2 |
| rats portacaval anastomosis | #2 |
| nash addition | #2 |
| loss eaat2 protein | #2 |
| disorder mystery | #2 |
| increased brain turnover | #2 |
| wks enzyme activities | #2 |
| hyperammonemic brain | #2 |
| activities choline acetyltransferase | #2 |
| pdh activity platelets | #2 |
| tyrosine tyr levels | #2 |
| precoma stages p001 | #2 |
| edema hepatic | #2 |
| plasma levels 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| failure altered | #2 |
| mrna expression gfap | #2 |
| spf mutant mice | #2 |
| carboxamide binding | #2 |
| 4week portacaval | #2 |
| ligand 3hpk | #2 |
| experimental alf | #2 |
| mice congenital | #2 |
| vulnerable brain structures | #2 |
| decreased gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| novo synthesis lactate | #2 |
| plasma proinflammatory cytokines | #2 |
| 3alpha5betathp patients | #2 |
| ataxic animals | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency patients | #2 |
| 5ht turnover brain | #2 |
| brain dehydroepiandrosterone dhea | #2 |
| thdoc fold | #2 |
| rats cortex male | #2 |
| methyhistamine | #2 |
| ouabain upregulation | #2 |
| animals hepatic | #2 |
| thiaminedeficiency | #2 |
| lower levels arginine | #2 |
| kidney ammonia | #2 |
| ammoniainduced impairment | #3 |
| brain densities | #3 |
| endogenous agonists role | #3 |
| lobe hepatic | #3 |
| acute ammonia exposure | #3 |
| portocaval anastomosis pca | #3 |
| pdh friedreich | #3 |
| synthesis aspartate | #3 |
| coma equal | #3 |
| astrocyte glutamine | #3 |
| akinesia corneal reflex | #3 |
| cirrhosis iii | #3 |
| coma stage | #3 |
| 38 alcoholic patients | #3 |
| cellspecific pathways | #3 |
| cogent explanation | #3 |
| il6 levels brain | #3 |
| administration ammonium | #3 |
| signs mild personality | #3 |
| transketolase activities | #3 |
| 5fmorn treatment | #3 |
| abstract hepatic encephalopathy | #3 |
| αmt midbrain | #3 |
| neurotransmission failure | #3 |
| 320350 degrees | #3 |
| liver–brain axis | #3 |
| muscle glutamine synthetase | #3 |
| midbrain turnover study | #3 |
| deficiency acidosis | #3 |
| decreased aspartate | #3 |
| binding sites heart | #3 |
| concentrations αmt | #3 |
| increased uptake capacity | #3 |
| decreased concentrations αmt | #3 |
| odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| central cholinergic deficit | #3 |
| 13 consecutive weeks | #3 |
| globus pallidus putamen | #3 |
| hyperammonemia acute | #3 |
| rats pse | #3 |
| portacaval anastomosis rats | #3 |
| genial expression | #3 |
| autotrack | #3 |
| intraneuronal release | #3 |
| humans neurotransmitter | #3 |
| rats pyrithiamine | #3 |
| peripheral‐type | #3 |
| neuroglial proteins | #3 |
| singlesite model | #3 |
| nmda subclass | #3 |
| rats glutamates hippocampus | #3 |
| βendorphin decreased concentrations | #3 |
| decreased concentrations striatum | #3 |
| βendorphin akinesia | #3 |
| cerebellar amino | #3 |
| ganglia structures | #3 |
| pallidus hepatic | #3 |
| protein hepatic | #3 |
| adequate substrates | #3 |
| mrna ammonia | #3 |
| predictions disorder | #3 |
| reflex serotonin βendorphin | #3 |
| thiamine deficient | #3 |
| major neurotransmitter systems | #3 |
| tissue ornithine concentrations | #3 |
| thiamine deficiency wernicke | #3 |
| alcoholics wks | #3 |
| astrocytic cell swelling | #3 |
| effects ldeprenyl | #3 |
| mhe lola | #3 |
| prevents cerebral | #3 |
| brain concentrations rats | #3 |
| testis preparations | #3 |
| basal ganglia βendorphin | #3 |
| hypothermia brain edema | #3 |
| kornetsky | #3 |
| addition astrocyte morphology | #3 |
| abstract mild hypothermia | #3 |
| rats αmt | #3 |
| electrically stimulated release | #3 |
| glutamates hippocampus rats | #3 |
| tetrahydrodesoxycorticosterone | #3 |
| brain edema alf | #3 |
| corneal reflex apomorphine | #3 |
| mk‐801‐sensitive nitration | #3 |
| total brain glutamine | #3 |
| turnover study rats | #3 |
| onset neurological signs | #3 |
| activities brains | #3 |
| gfap mrna gfap | #3 |
| pca odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| brain portocaval anastomosis | #3 |
| male portacaval | #3 |
| hepatobiliary route | #3 |
| pdhc acetyl coa | #3 |
| alf animals | #3 |
| animals profiles | #3 |
| platelets 10 patients | #3 |
| altered glial | #3 |
| acrylamide pyrithiamine | #3 |
| animals coma | #3 |
| carnitine ammonia | #3 |
| acids relation | #3 |
| akinesia βendorphin | #3 |
| strains thiamine | #3 |
| deficiency thiamine | #3 |
| doubt25 | #3 |
| effects ro15 | #3 |
| lcarnitine atp | #3 |
| encephalopathy inflammation | #3 |
| severity reviews see1–4 | #3 |
| brain improvement | #3 |
| statistical significance regions | #3 |
| late symptomatic stages | #3 |
| hepatic encephalopathy humans | #3 |
| ishen guidelines | #3 |
| cirrhosis agents | #3 |
| precoma stages | #3 |
| potent neuroactive properties | #3 |
| rats pathogenesis | #3 |
| amphetamine amphetamine animals | #3 |
| bckdh activity rats | #3 |
| homologous models | #3 |
| pathogenesis central | #3 |
| doubt25 ammonia | #3 |
| ammonia energy metabolism | #3 |
| ammonia glutamate | #3 |
| controls emax | #3 |
| portacavalshunted rats | #3 |
| acids cerebrospinal | #3 |
| protective glutamine | #3 |
| treatment portalsystemic encephalopathy | #3 |
| αmt βendorphin | #3 |
| decreased densities | #3 |
| deletion delays | #3 |
| 3hdaspartate uptake | #3 |
| hepatic devascularized rat | #3 |
| 5fmorn | #3 |
| medium 5 mm | #3 |
| increase brain lactate | #3 |
| transporter snat5 | #3 |
| encephalopathy aged | #3 |
| drug situ nickend | #3 |
| operated controls | #3 |
| hepatic neurological | #3 |
| thiamine phosphate | #3 |
| congenital hyperammonemia | #3 |
| cerebellum activities | #3 |
| models thiamine | #3 |
| increases il1beta | #3 |
| glutamate transporter cells | #3 |
| regions cns | #3 |
| selective down‐regulation | #3 |
| cholestasis‐associated fatigue | #3 |
| repetitive removal | #3 |
| increased ptbr | #3 |
| skeletal portacaval shunt | #3 |
| pallidal signals | #3 |
| homogenates frontal cortex | #3 |
| type ” | #3 |
| selective brain lesions | #3 |
| glutamine brain edema | #3 |
| cholinergic m1 | #3 |
| neurobiological characterization | #3 |
| pcs rat brain | #3 |
| cerebral cortex pons | #3 |
| pbgd study | #3 |
| blood transketolase | #3 |
| glial cells ammonia | #3 |
| activities reduced | #3 |
| encephalopathy hepatic | #3 |
| ammoniatreated cells | #3 |
| vitro binding technique | #3 |
| ammonia brain edema | #3 |
| edema intracranial | #3 |
| βendorphin apomorphine basal | #3 |
| ammonia‐induced brain edema | #3 |
| ammonia hepatic | #3 |
| αketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #3 |
| ammonia swelling | #3 |
| locomotor deficit | #4 |
| total shunting | #4 |
| time mmars | #4 |
| subclinical seizure activity | #4 |
| alf brain | #4 |
| brain 5ht release | #4 |
| tspo sites | #4 |
| cbf inflammatory mediators | #4 |
| cases alcohol abuse | #4 |
| neurotransmitter dysfunction | #4 |
| arterial ammonia mmars | #4 |
| increased brain glutamine | #4 |
| brain glutamic | #4 |
| carnitine energy | #4 |
| rats βendorphin | #4 |
| acute ammonia treatment | #4 |
| 13 moles | #4 |
| calcium microsomes | #4 |
| transketolase wernicke | #4 |
| ouabainlike compounds | #4 |
| patients wernicke | #4 |
| animals liver failure | #4 |
| elevated ammonia levels | #4 |
| albumin dialysis alf | #4 |
| activities brain | #4 |
| shamoperated controls | #4 |
| thiochrome derivatives | #4 |
| early microglial response | #4 |
| amino acids regions | #4 |
| brain neuroinflammation | #4 |
| alf | #4 |
| opioid pca | #4 |
| rat brain pca | #4 |
| amino acids areas | #4 |
| cerebral cortex kidney | #4 |
| gaba friedreich | #4 |
| mhe mildest form | #4 |
| taurine friedreichs ataxia | #4 |
| rats portacaval shunting | #4 |
| decreased activities | #4 |
| thiamine antagonist | #4 |
| synaptic membrane preparations | #4 |
| liver central | #4 |
| brain hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| brain edema increase | #4 |
| postmortem delay interval | #4 |
| acute liver failure | #4 |
| locomotor evaluation | #4 |
| degree alzheimer type | #4 |
| guanylate cyclase patients | #4 |
| maoa isoform | #4 |
| sham mmars | #4 |
| thp metabolites | #4 |
| alcoholism thiamine | #4 |
| pse increased | #4 |
| thiamine deficient animals | #4 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms patients | #4 |
| increased icp alf | #4 |
| normal coupling | #4 |
| activities prefrontal cortex | #4 |
| alf expression | #4 |
| protein expression brain | #4 |
| vitro techniques ketoglutarate | #4 |
| shunted rats | #4 |
| plasma clearance groups | #4 |
| ornithine aspartate | #4 |
| severe neuronal dysfunction | #4 |
| effects mild hypothermia | #4 |
| regional amino | #4 |
| histaminergic histamine | #4 |
| ions synaptic | #4 |
| astrocytic metabolic | #4 |
| rats asparagine | #4 |
| inbred strains ammonia | #4 |
| inflammation mediators icp | #4 |
| increased concentrations prostaglandins | #4 |
| brain pregnenolone content | #4 |
| deoxyglucose endothelium | #4 |
| mmars time | #4 |
| surgical rna rats | #4 |
| mmars brain water | #4 |
| edema gene | #4 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #4 |
| aged pyruvate | #4 |
| xlinked deficiency | #4 |
| 6 hrs alf | #4 |
| thiamine diphosphatase | #4 |
| tdinduced cell death | #4 |
| ischemic liver failure | #4 |
| anastomosis rat | #4 |
| onset severe encephalopathy | #4 |
| benzodiazepines increase | #4 |
| inos mnsod | #4 |
| hepatocytes ascorbate | #4 |
| lornithine laspartate | #4 |
| thiamine deficiency rats | #4 |
| brain thiamine | #4 |
| glt1 transcript | #4 |
| izuru matsumoto | #4 |
| otcdeficient mice | #4 |
| p001 hypothermia | #4 |
| cerebral amino acids | #4 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine | #4 |
| arterial ammonia alf | #4 |
| loss glt1 | #4 |
| thiamine thiamine pyrophosphate | #4 |
| postsynaptic action | #4 |
| ammonia levels blood | #4 |
| liver brain | #4 |
| encephalopathy coma | #4 |
| brain energy failure | #4 |
| ouabain ec50 | #4 |
| tdpase | #4 |
| astrocytic genes | #4 |
| icp arterial ammonia | #4 |
| treatment hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| thiamine‐deficient rat brain | #4 |
| activities glutamine synthetase | #4 |
| affinities densities | #4 |
| condition development | #4 |
| administration central | #4 |
| alcohol thiamine deficiency | #4 |
| newly synthesized glutamine | #4 |
| brain dopamine receptor | #4 |
| mmars increased icp | #4 |
| 5 mm nh4cl | #4 |
| expression alf | #4 |
| cns ammonia | #5 |
| alf ammonia | #5 |
| mild personality | #5 |
| activities gad | #5 |
| aspartate lola | #5 |
| rats fatigue | #5 |
| thiaminedeficient diet | #5 |
| ammonia metabolism | #5 |
| spectroscopy tomography emissioncomputed | #5 |
| onset coma | #5 |
| maoa function | #5 |
| laspartate lola | #5 |
| homologous model | #5 |
| mmars | #5 |
| monoamines metabolites | #5 |
| spf mice controls | #5 |
| allopregnanolone gabaa | #5 |
| vulnerable brain | #5 |
| methioninesulfoximine | #5 |
| alterations glutamatergic | #5 |
| patients hepatic | #5 |
| tpp cofactor | #5 |
| convulsions onset | #5 |
| astrocytic | #5 |
| medial thalamus | #5 |
| result altered | #5 |
| encephalopathy cerebral | #5 |
| allopregnanolone thdoc | #5 |
| maoa activities | #5 |
| wernicke | #5 |
| treatment malnutrition | #5 |
| alcoholic receptors | #5 |
| adequate experimental models | #5 |
| ammonia muscle | #5 |
| glur2 glur3 subunits | #5 |
| reduction glutamate | #5 |
| responsible brain | #5 |
| prevention prophylaxis | #5 |
| gait animals | #5 |
| surgical receptors | #5 |
| transporter sites | #5 |
| thiamine status | #5 |
| content modulation | #5 |
| liver assist devices | #5 |
| hand densities | #5 |
| pregnenolone content | #5 |
| kstimulated ca2dependent release | #5 |
| tissue autopsy | #5 |
| acute magnetic | #5 |
| cerebral hepatic | #5 |
| ammonia removal | #5 |
| congenital urea | #5 |
| brain glutamate concentrations | #5 |
| activities cerebellum | #5 |
| kgdh | #5 |
| increases ammonia | #5 |
| complication acute | #5 |
| chronic exposure manganese | #5 |
| studied brain | #5 |
| rats portacaval shunts | #5 |
| hyperammonemia liver | #5 |
| topic rifaximin | #5 |
| amino acid regions | #5 |
| publication animals rats | #5 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gaba | #5 |
| acute rats rats | #5 |
| hexyl1h | #5 |
| branchedchain analysis | #5 |
| age matched subjects | #5 |
| cytokines ammonia | #5 |
| reserpinelike | #5 |
| kinetics pharmacology | #5 |
| neurological status | #5 |
| pet scan study | #5 |
| glutamine hypothesis | #5 |
| activities choline | #5 |
| latenight snack | #5 |
| exposure cultured astrocytes | #5 |
| manganese astrocytes | #5 |
| amino acids pathogenesis | #5 |
| genetics astrocytes blotting | #5 |
| intracranial hypertension rats | #5 |
| anterolateral hypothalamus | #5 |
| pse encephalopathy humans | #5 |
| liver disease rats | #5 |
| extracellular quin | #5 |
| sites peripheral | #5 |
| brain histamine receptors | #5 |
| sustained deficiency | #5 |
| tk activities | #5 |
| neurotransmitter pool | #5 |
| 45 cirrhotic patients | #5 |
| currents concentrations | #5 |
| acetyl pyridine | #5 |
| saturation binding isotherms | #5 |
| glutamate symporters | #5 |
| ammonia lowering | #5 |
| vulnerable regions | #5 |
| brain ammonia | #5 |
| brain acute | #5 |
| enzymes brains | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding | #6 |
| alf nac | #6 |
| nac alf | #6 |
| liver failure | #6 |
| humans hyperammonemia | #6 |
| fur mice | #6 |
| ascorbate protects | #6 |
| central proinflammatory | #6 |
| perispinal etanercept | #6 |
| endstage liver failure | #6 |
| alphaketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #6 |
| glt1 brain | #6 |
| term fluorescence | #6 |
| hyperammonemic | #6 |
| mars alf | #6 |
| receptors hepatic | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding sites | #6 |
| capacity removal | #6 |
| basal ganglia structures | #6 |
| cerebral amino | #6 |
| enzymes pyruvate | #6 |
| controls arginine | #6 |
| expression astrocytic genes | #6 |
| output cerebellum | #6 |
| dha administration | #6 |
| encephalopathy humans | #6 |
| benzodiazepine intake | #6 |
| ammonia glutamine | #6 |
| 14c taurine | #6 |
| hypothermia alf | #6 |
| disease ammonia | #6 |
| pca sham | #6 |
| brain cirrhotic | #6 |
| implications pathogenesis | #6 |
| induced thiamine | #6 |
| inflammatory mediators groups | #6 |
| glast transporter | #6 |
| thiamine esters | #6 |
| relationship neurological symptoms | #6 |
| dehydrogenase pdhc | #6 |
| concomitant 24fold increase | #6 |
| deterioration neurological | #6 |
| acetyl lcarnitine | #6 |
| thiamine phosphate esters | #6 |
| unaltered distribution | #6 |
| increased glut1 expression | #6 |
| arginine brain | #6 |
| mice nacetylcysteine | #6 |
| activities liver | #6 |
| plasma frontal cortex | #6 |
| platelets 11 patients | #6 |
| direct neurotoxic | #6 |
| hepatic encephalopathy effects | #6 |
| brain benzodiazepine | #6 |
| lola improvement | #6 |
| models alf | #6 |
| blood‐brain barrier integrity | #6 |
| righting reflexes | #6 |
| cerebellum caudate nucleus | #6 |
| gabaergic tone | #6 |
| dogs hepatic encephalopathy | #6 |
| tmpase | #6 |
| glt1 glast protein | #6 |
| cerebral cortex activities | #6 |
| frontal cortex rats | #6 |
| astrocyte cell volume | #6 |
| nencki | #6 |
| increased expression aqp4 | #6 |
| 3nmol | #6 |
| fmorn | #6 |
| ischemia hyperglycemic | #7 |
| severe thiamine deficiency | #7 |
| loss transporter | #7 |
| pca pss | #7 |
| alf arterial ammonia | #7 |
| notion activation | #7 |
| skeletal muscle adapts | #7 |
| thiamine absorption | #7 |
| columbia rating scale | #7 |
| neuronal cell loss | #7 |
| chronic deprivation | #7 |
| vpmt | #7 |
| mediators liver | #7 |
| igg immunohistochemistry | #7 |
| kcl medium | #7 |
| cyclase hepatic | #7 |
| neuroinhibitory | #7 |
| 3htryptamine | #7 |
| neurological symptoms | #7 |
| cerebral alterations alf | #7 |
| animal hepatic | #7 |
| surgical rats | #7 |
| tdp ttp | #7 |
| encephalopathy findings | #7 |
| concentrations allopregnanolone | #7 |
| glutamine synthesis ammonia | #7 |
| swelling astrocytes | #7 |
| wernicke‐korsakoff syndrome | #7 |
| metallic phosphate | #7 |
| 70 mm kcl | #7 |
| l3harginine uptake | #7 |
| glutamine increased | #7 |
| glutamate acute | #7 |
| fatigue severity patients | #7 |
| central benzodiazepine receptors | #7 |
| fulminant liver failure | #7 |
| failure acute | #7 |
| gdh activities | #7 |
| alf sham | #7 |
| uremic coma | #7 |
| inhibitor src | #7 |
| transketolase animals | #7 |
| size portacaval | #7 |
| alcoholic brain damage | #7 |
| edema plasma | #7 |
| thiamine dependent enzymes | #7 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities patients | #7 |
| ammonia kidney | #7 |
| flumazenil patients | #7 |
| brain glutamate | #7 |
| central neuroinflammation | #7 |
| flumazenil 10 microm | #7 |
| liver hepatic encephalopathy | #7 |
| hepatic encephalopathy studies | #7 |
| increased cerebellum | #7 |
| perineuronal astrocytes | #7 |
| pregnant rats offspring | #7 |
| tppdependent enzymes | #7 |
| chemistry disease | #7 |
| rats ammonium acetate | #7 |
| astrocytic transporters | #7 |
| hiaa increased | #7 |
| acute minocycline | #7 |
| icp alf | #7 |
| frontal cortex controls | #7 |
| edema extracellular | #7 |
| nutritional management patients | #7 |
| transporter deficit | #7 |
| typical friedreichs ataxia | #7 |
| concentrations thdoc | #8 |
| ammonia metabolites | #8 |
| thalamus cerebellum | #8 |
| tellez | #8 |
| alcohol brain damage | #8 |
| neuroprotective steroids | #8 |
| alterations modulation | #8 |
| affinity glutamate uptake | #8 |
| taurine ca2 | #8 |
| ultraviolet uv spectrum | #8 |
| ammonium ions | #8 |
| elfar adalsteinsson | #8 |
| voluntary ethanol consumption | #8 |
| lactate synthesis | #8 |
| measurement cell volume | #8 |
| strains ornithine | #8 |
| direct toxic actions | #8 |
| synthesis thiamine | #8 |
| complications liver disease | #8 |
| induced akinesia | #8 |
| brain ammonia levels | #8 |
| sourkes | #8 |
| prefrontal nmda | #8 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral | #8 |
| result decreased | #8 |
| autopsied human | #8 |
| clive harper | #8 |
| expression glyt1 | #8 |
| alf administration | #8 |
| brain increased expression | #8 |
| synthesis lactate | #8 |
| nmda sites | #8 |
| 3alpha5betathp | #8 |
| antisense elements genetics | #8 |
| central noradrenergic function | #8 |
| intracranial pressure increase | #8 |
| portocaval anastomosis | #8 |
| neuropathologic consequences | #8 |
| regional alterations | #8 |
| probenecid 5 | #8 |
| active pyruvate dehydrogenase | #8 |
| loss congenital | #8 |
| study binding sites | #8 |
| spraguedawley temporal lobe | #8 |
| peter dodd | #8 |
| portalsystemic shunting | #8 |
| assessment bioaccumulation | #8 |
| neurobehavioral damage | #8 |
| arterial ammonia concentrations | #8 |
| receptors mitochondrial | #8 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral ischemia | #8 |
| proinflammatory mediators expression | #8 |
| gaba reverse | #8 |
| rindi | #8 |
| disease gad | #8 |
| cirrhotic patients | #8 |
| tests ataxia | #8 |
| activities glutamine | #8 |
| content frontal cortex | #8 |
| alcohol thiamine | #8 |
| falls cirrhosis | #8 |
| dependent enzymes | #8 |
| chronic brain dysfunction | #8 |
| ammonia hyperammonemia | #8 |
| normal metabolic balance | #8 |
| cells ammonia | #8 |
| cerebellum activation | #8 |
| izuru | #8 |
| sites frontal | #9 |
| cerebellum medulla oblongata | #9 |
| disease thiamine | #9 |
| ammonia key role | #9 |
| adolf pfefferbaum | #9 |
| glutamate glt1 | #9 |
| binding sites brain | #9 |
| nonneuronal elements | #9 |
| gabaa tissue distribution | #9 |
| ammonia neurotoxicity | #9 |
| joanne lewohl | #9 |
| male cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| acute rats | #9 |
| rats phosphate | #9 |
| neurotoxic substance | #9 |
| ammonia induced | #9 |
| acute nitric oxide | #9 |
| observed frontal | #9 |
| edith sullivan | #9 |
| neuroinhibition | #9 |
| edema rats | #9 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ammonia | #9 |
| 11 cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| mild hypothermia | #9 |
| cerebral ammonia toxicity | #9 |
| thiamine monophosphatase | #9 |
| glyt1 transporter | #9 |
| hepatocerebral | #9 |
| acid hepatic | #9 |
| protein glut1 | #9 |
| portal hypertension result | #9 |
| order address | #9 |
| animals acute | #9 |
| perispinal administration | #9 |
| gaba reference | #9 |
| taurine binding | #9 |
| mechanisms responsible | #9 |
| hyperammonemia liver cirrhosis | #9 |
| sham alf | #9 |
| kinetics distribution | #9 |
| pallidal signal | #9 |
| activities skeletal muscle | #9 |
| glutamate receptor ligands | #9 |
| binding sites nmda | #9 |
| acute hyperammonemia | #9 |
| glial tca cycle | #9 |
| taurine calcium | #9 |
| arterial ammonia concentration | #9 |
| hepatic coma | #9 |
| 5fluoromethylornithine | #9 |
| autopsied brain | #9 |
| brain postsynaptic | #9 |
| 37 decrease | #9 |
| transcarbamylase otc | #9 |
| glucose hypothermia | #9 |
| central gabaa receptor | #9 |
| portacaval rat | #9 |
| vulnerable brain regions | #9 |
| prevention complications | #9 |
| pcs rats | #9 |
| rat brain density | #9 |
| brain herniation | #9 |
| manganese dust | #9 |
| ammonia binding | #9 |
| nh4ac | #10 |
| brain pca | #10 |
| cord taurine | #10 |
| subsequent gc analysis | #10 |
| expression superoxide | #10 |
| hrqol mhe | #10 |
| cerebral consequences | #10 |
| 3hketanserin binding sites | #10 |
| 3hpk | #10 |
| decreased glutamate | #10 |
| thiamine replenishment | #10 |
| bdl surgery | #10 |
| activation pathogenesis | #10 |
| rats daily injections | #10 |
| progression hepatic encephalopathy | #10 |
| model alf | #10 |
| mechanisms free radicals | #10 |
| 3omethylglucose animals animals | #10 |
| neurological symptomatology | #10 |
| thiamine transketolase | #10 |
| fur mouse | #10 |
| glutathione levels expression | #10 |
| labeling glutamine | #10 |
| nh4 forms | #10 |
| stress thiamine | #10 |
| neuroactive amino acids | #10 |
| loss reflex | #10 |
| deficiency congenital | #10 |
| dissected material | #10 |
| 200 appearance | #10 |
| identification alterations | #10 |
| mnsod cuznsod | #10 |
| ammonia study | #10 |
| thalamic structures | #10 |
| encephalopathy grade | #10 |
| glutamine synthesis astrocytes | #10 |
| rats stereotyped behavior | #10 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder | #10 |
| 10 mm concentration | #10 |
| mechanisms tnfalpha | #10 |
| mechanisms include | #10 |
| flumazenil hepatic | #10 |
| affinities binding sites | #10 |
| anastomosis hepatic | #10 |
| massive brain edema | #10 |
| rat leads | #10 |
| urea cycle enzymopathies | #10 |
| encephalopathy cirrhotic | #10 |
| disorders include | #10 |
| brain edema | #10 |
| rats nimesulide | #10 |
| swelling ammonia | #10 |
| selective brain regions | #10 |
| cerebellum pons | #10 |
| complication chronic | #10 |
| pdh alpha | #11 |
| isoforms mrna | #11 |
| benzodiazepinelike compounds | #11 |
| cirrhotic patients relationship | #11 |
| biosynthetic purposes | #11 |
| impaired oxidation | #11 |
| pca p005 | #11 |
| experimental design limitations | #11 |
| brain increased | #11 |
| portal systemic | #11 |
| hypothermia liver | #11 |
| reduced activities | #11 |
| time icp | #11 |
| signal hyperintensity | #11 |
| patients gabaa | #11 |
| ammonia amino acids | #11 |
| impaired locomotor activity | #11 |
| halflife age | #11 |
| studies convincing evidence | #11 |
| rats nh4cl | #11 |
| cerebral vulnerability | #11 |
| glutamate gammaaminobutyric acid | #11 |
| ammonia animals rats | #11 |
| amino acids rats | #11 |
| pca brain | #11 |
| brain liver | #11 |
| brain alf | #11 |
| dawley thalamus | #11 |
| benzodiazepines neurosteroids | #11 |
| hyperammonemias | #11 |
| fluoromethylornithine | #11 |
| deficiency brain | #11 |
| placebo benzodiazepines | #11 |
| ammonia pathogenesis | #11 |
| ammonia astrocytes | #11 |
| gabaergic tonic currents | #11 |
| oxidative nitrosative stress | #11 |
| dehydrogenase alpha | #11 |
| increased expression brain | #11 |
| 1h‐13c | #11 |
| benzodiazepine bdz receptors | #11 |
| alterations brain | #11 |
| manganese blood | #11 |
| capacity ammonia | #11 |
| brain h1 | #11 |
| selective loss expression | #12 |
| brains rats | #12 |
| rats glut1 | #12 |
| ammonia animals | #12 |
| increased ammonia | #12 |
| subclinical encephalopathy | #12 |
| aqp4 brain edema | #12 |
| brain chronic | #12 |
| diphosphate form | #12 |
| loss righting | #12 |
| selective radioligands | #12 |
| thalamus cerebral cortex | #12 |
| humans ketoglutarate | #12 |
| shunt surgical | #12 |
| mild hypothermia patients | #12 |
| blood manganese concentrations | #12 |
| thiamin triphosphate | #12 |
| mm nh4cl | #12 |
| ammonia | #12 |
| pairfed control mice | #12 |
| microglial activation brain | #12 |
| p005 pca | #12 |
| binding medium | #12 |
| selective inactivator | #12 |
| clinical hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| contribute pathogenesis | #12 |
| brain slices synaptosomes | #12 |
| neuroactive amino | #12 |
| ammonia amino | #12 |
| thiamine deficient diet | #12 |
| igg extravasation | #12 |
| patients frontal cortex | #12 |
| total glutamine | #12 |
| ammonia salts | #12 |
| improvement neurological symptoms | #12 |
| deficiency amino | #12 |
| cerebellar tissue | #12 |
| humans hepatic | #12 |
| binding sites ligands | #12 |
| anaplerotic activity | #12 |
| acetyltransferase disease | #12 |
| prevention hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| perispinal | #12 |
| hyperammonemia liver failure | #12 |
| gfap protein | #13 |
| presence hippocampal sclerosis | #13 |
| treatment liver failure | #13 |
| postsynaptic gaba | #13 |
| endogenous neuropeptide ligands | #13 |
| transcarbamylase deficiency | #13 |
| hepatic encephalopathy patients | #13 |
| neuroprotection pretreatment | #13 |
| levels octopamine | #13 |
| cerebral edema icp | #13 |
| cytokines hepatic | #13 |
| expression ammonia | #13 |
| regions rat brain | #13 |
| loss gfap | #13 |
| tissuespecific alterations | #13 |
| patients flumazenil | #13 |
| amino acids lactate | #13 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone | #13 |
| frontal cortex administration | #13 |
| role selective vulnerability | #13 |
| hand activities | #13 |
| ampa receptor glur2 | #13 |
| hyperammonemia ammonia | #13 |
| increased brain lactate | #13 |
| body fatigue | #13 |
| growing body evidence | #13 |
| survival liver injury | #13 |
| increased copper content | #13 |
| veratramine | #13 |
| ammonia manganese | #13 |
| evidence central | #13 |
| liver toxins | #13 |
| development severe encephalopathy | #13 |
| blood csf concentrations | #13 |
| ammonia cytokines | #13 |
| complex ketone | #13 |
| hyperammonemic conditions | #13 |
| hyperglycemic ischemia | #13 |
| neurosteroids gabaa | #13 |
| thiamine intake | #13 |
| butyrylglycine | #13 |
| greatest vulnerability | #13 |
| peripheral nerve conduction | #13 |
| ishen | #13 |
| brain water accumulation | #13 |
| pallidal dopamine | #13 |
| loss chat | #13 |
| acute ammonia | #13 |
| increased csf concentrations | #13 |
| sites brain | #13 |
| pathogenesis | #14 |
| antibiotic minocycline | #14 |
| clinical neurological signs | #14 |
| gfap aqp4 | #14 |
| brain energy metabolites | #14 |
| portacaval rats | #14 |
| systemic shunting | #14 |
| glutamine concentrations | #14 |
| striatum concentrations | #14 |
| hypothermia reduction | #14 |
| cerebellum cerebellar cortex | #14 |
| models hepatic | #14 |
| αmt | #14 |
| 8024 | #14 |
| sparse fur | #14 |
| mammillary body atrophy | #14 |
| ataxia neurological signs | #14 |
| aged biogenic | #14 |
| manganese distribution | #14 |
| alcoholic brain | #15 |
| moderate drinkers | #15 |
| fulminant liver | #15 |
| apaptreated mice | #15 |
| hyperintensity patients | #15 |
| cerebral complications | #15 |
| acute liver | #15 |
| 3hpk 11195 | #15 |
| activity pdhc | #15 |
| manganese phosphate | #15 |
| microglial activation neuroinflammation | #15 |
| vulnerable region | #15 |
| white matter cbf | #15 |
| gabaa reference values | #15 |
| thiamin metabolism | #15 |
| failure encephalopathy | #15 |
| purkinje cell terminals | #15 |
| astrocytic volume | #15 |
| cirrhosis systematic review | #15 |
| role thiamine | #15 |
| portocaval shunts | #15 |
| ataxics | #15 |
| glur3 subunits | #15 |
| 3hquisqualate | #15 |
| treatment measurement | #15 |
| encephalopathy liver | #16 |
| hypothesises | #16 |
| pathophysiologic cascade | #16 |
| animal modelling | #16 |
| hypothermia 35 | #16 |
| new prospects | #16 |
| addition degree | #16 |
| agonal status | #16 |
| hepatic metabolic pathways | #16 |
| socalled type | #16 |
| isoform gene | #16 |
| benzodiazepine ligands | #16 |
| proteins implicated | #16 |
| glutamine increase | #16 |
| encephalopathy chronic | #16 |
| wks | #16 |
| taurine brain | #16 |
| gabaa receptor complex | #16 |
| brain modulation | #16 |
| new mechanistic basis | #16 |
| benzodiazepine gaba | #16 |
| brain proinflammatory | #16 |
| encephalopathy loss | #16 |
| pcs sham | #16 |
| cirrhosis ammonia | #16 |
| endothelial glucose | #16 |
| distribution tritium | #16 |
| nonvulnerable | #16 |
| absence ammonia | #17 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms | #17 |
| benzoate therapy | #17 |
| surgical construction | #17 |
| 4fold increases | #17 |
| vulnerable structures | #17 |
| glutamate enzyme | #17 |
| antibiotic rifaximin | #17 |
| loss liver | #17 |
| synthetase activities | #17 |
| acids ammonia | #17 |
| day heavy drinking | #17 |
| reprint | #17 |
| platelets dopamine | #17 |
| onset convulsions | #17 |
| ammonia induces | #17 |
| pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #17 |
| pathogenesis complications | #17 |
| acid thiamine | #17 |
| upregulation aqp4 | #17 |
| activation sgc | #17 |
| encephalopathy rats | #17 |
| liver disease mice | #17 |
| dependent enzyme | #17 |
| endogenous benzodiazepines | #17 |
| glutamine phenylalanine | #17 |
| excess ammonia | #17 |
| cerebellum enzyme | #17 |
| isoquinoline carboxamide | #17 |
| complications malnutrition | #17 |
| cortical astrocyte | #17 |
| patient malnutrition | #17 |
| early microglial | #17 |
| early glial | #17 |
| cox2 expression immunohistochemistry | #17 |
| astrocytes blotting | #18 |
| type benzodiazepine | #18 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic patients | #18 |
| generalized reduction | #18 |
| portocaval shunting | #18 |
| 13c isotopomer analysis | #18 |
| neuropathological damage | #18 |
| beta endorphin betaep | #18 |
| active pyruvate | #18 |
| selective neuronal | #18 |
| bbb igg | #18 |
| concentrations kcl | #18 |
| encephalopathy patients | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff syndrome | #18 |
| activities alpha | #18 |
| condition evidence | #18 |
| 11195 binding | #18 |
| patients therapeutic options | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff | #18 |
| prevention progression | #18 |
| result molecules | #18 |
| neuropathologic evaluation | #18 |
| astrocytic glutamine synthetase | #18 |
| doserelated reduction | #18 |
| coa levels | #18 |
| neurological psychiatric | #18 |
| administration aom | #18 |
| brain regions rat | #18 |
| reversible coma | #18 |
| autopsied | #18 |
| binding sites hippocampus | #18 |
| compared pair | #18 |
| brain peripheral | #19 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase | #19 |
| rats stages | #19 |
| expression result | #19 |
| outcome prevention | #19 |
| energy metabolism brain | #19 |
| astrocytic neuronal | #19 |
| glutamates glutamine | #19 |
| lola patients | #19 |
| complications acute | #19 |
| response neurodegeneration | #19 |
| 125iiodopindolol | #19 |
| serum ammonia levels | #19 |
| free coa | #19 |
| pathophysiology hepatic encephalopathy | #19 |
| csf concentrations 5hiaa | #19 |
| control groups animals | #19 |
| brain lactate | #19 |
| distribution binding | #19 |
| synthetase protein | #19 |
| agents hepatic | #19 |
| endogenous benzodiazepine | #19 |
| cirrhotic patients controls | #19 |
| severe encephalopathy | #19 |
| treatment mhe | #19 |
| disease frontal | #19 |
| cholinergic cell loss | #19 |
| equal age | #19 |
| errors mice | #19 |
| acids glutamate | #19 |
| blood manganese | #19 |
| exposure cultured | #19 |
| increase brain water | #19 |
| bbb alterations | #20 |
| l3harginine | #20 |
| alf mars | #20 |
| effects neurosteroids | #20 |
| brain autopsy samples | #20 |
| adequate dietary protein | #20 |
| acute ammonia toxicity | #20 |
| brain organic osmolytes | #20 |
| glutamate nmda receptors | #20 |
| rats patients | #20 |
| pallidal hyperintensity | #20 |
| benzodiazepine medication | #20 |
| lola | #20 |
| syndrome wks | #20 |
| animals tests | #20 |
| biochemical lesion | #20 |
| expression oxidative stress | #20 |
| aids patients patients | #20 |
| regions rat | #20 |
| volume plasmapheresis | #20 |
| diencephalic | #20 |
| glutamate increased | #20 |
| animal frontal | #20 |
| coma brain | #20 |
| mild hypothermia survival | #21 |
| alanine increased | #21 |
| direct neurotoxic effects | #21 |
| symptomatic stages | #21 |
| vivo cerebral | #21 |
| 3alpha5alphathp | #21 |
| endorphin induced | #21 |
| failure skeletal | #21 |
| cisterna magna csf | #21 |
| transport ammonia | #21 |
| glast protein | #21 |
| selective loss neurons | #21 |
| mhe encephalopathy humans | #21 |
| blood–brain barrier permeability | #21 |
| tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone | #21 |
| plasma ammonia concentrations | #21 |
| protective hypothermia | #21 |
| hyperammonemia rats | #21 |
| 8094 | #21 |
| 5 p0001 | #21 |
| sgc nitric oxide | #21 |
| nakatpase activities | #21 |
| deficiency synthesis | #21 |
| metabolic trafficking | #21 |
| exposed manganese | #22 |
| gaba regions | #22 |
| stereotyped behavior rats | #22 |
| normal circumstances | #22 |
| concentrations glycine | #22 |
| antiparkinson drugs | #22 |
| zieve | #22 |
| acute hepatic encephalopathy | #22 |
| sham operation rats | #22 |
| sites cerebral | #22 |
| gabaa receptors humans | #22 |
| temporal cortex cerebellum | #22 |
| 3hafdx | #22 |
| characterized model | #22 |
| brain alanine | #22 |
| distribution amino acids | #22 |
| effects glutamate | #22 |
| partial inverse agonists | #22 |
| sites measured | #22 |
| cerebral cortex brainstem | #22 |
| alf infection | #22 |
| inbred strains cns | #22 |
| 3alpha5beta | #22 |
| deficiency alterations | #22 |
| hepatic carnitine | #22 |
| brain experimental | #22 |
| brain neurosteroid | #23 |
| treatment sarcopenia | #23 |
| glutamine accumulation | #23 |
| proinflammatory cytokines mice | #23 |
| ammonia liver | #23 |
| gabaa steroids | #23 |
| diphosphate dependent | #23 |
| dewhurst | #23 |
| deficiency animals | #23 |
| portal systemic encephalopathy | #23 |
| cerebral gaba | #23 |
| aspartate alanine | #23 |
| thiamine homeostasis | #23 |
| oxidative stress nac | #23 |
| glutamine taurine | #23 |
| astrocytic protein | #23 |
| glutamine neurons | #23 |
| impaired absorption | #23 |
| ammonia lactate | #23 |
| cortex male rats | #23 |
| amino acids model | #23 |
| mm ammonia | #23 |
| bckdh activity | #23 |
| neuropathological evaluation | #23 |
| marrero | #23 |
| increased sites | #23 |
| hippocampus thalamus | #23 |
| brain cell function | #23 |
| ” ligands | #24 |
| external warming | #24 |
| sites ligands | #24 |
| neuropathologic studies | #24 |
| brain coenzyme | #24 |
| controls cirrhotic | #24 |
| activites | #24 |
| pathophysiological levels | #24 |
| encephalopathy ammonia | #24 |
| p005 activities | #24 |
| serotonin 5ht metabolism | #24 |
| 11195 | #25 |
| nmdareceptor | #25 |
| deficiency regulation | #25 |
| glutamine liver | #25 |
| ammonia reduction | #25 |
| inhalation exposure rats | #25 |
| uptake 14c | #25 |
| mousseau | #25 |
| human experimental | #25 |
| glutamine synthesis | #25 |
| synthase activities | #25 |
| chronic hepatic | #25 |
| cns complication | #25 |
| sites glutamate | #25 |
| copper zinc concentrations | #25 |
| transketolase tk | #25 |
| damage dysfunction | #25 |
| cytotoxic brain edema | #25 |
| extracellular glutamine | #25 |
| severe muscle damage | #25 |
| malnutrition chronic | #25 |
| katpase src | #25 |
| 17 39 | #26 |
| isoquinolines ligands | #26 |
| failure increased | #26 |
| concentrations ammonia | #26 |
| ketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #26 |
| anastomosis rats | #26 |
| pathogenesis cerebral | #26 |
| adult patterns | #26 |
| flumazenil placebo | #26 |
| arterial ammonia levels | #26 |
| aqp4 levels | #26 |
| treatment hepatic | #26 |
| synthesis amino acids | #26 |
| fluid amino | #26 |
| oxidative stress processes | #26 |
| pathophysiological significance | #26 |
| 60p | #26 |
| alanine concentrations | #26 |
| rifaximin mhe | #27 |
| increased concentrations | #27 |
| fgin1 | #27 |
| noradrenaline transport | #27 |
| support potential | #27 |
| beta sites | #27 |
| glucose loading | #27 |
| oxidative stress evidence | #27 |
| regional densities | #27 |
| deficient brain | #27 |
| manganese ammonia | #27 |
| asparagine glutamine | #27 |
| binding site densities | #27 |
| liver fasting | #27 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase otc | #27 |
| binding 3hmuscimol | #27 |
| treatment cirrhosis | #27 |
| cerebellum brain | #27 |
| alf induced | #27 |
| accumulation glutamine | #27 |
| brain serotonin metabolism | #27 |
| onset encephalopathy | #27 |
| astrocytic metabolism | #28 |
| wernicke encephalopathy | #28 |
| metabolism relation | #28 |
| eaat3 expression | #28 |
| activities decreased | #28 |
| selective neuronal loss | #28 |
| chronic liver failure | #28 |
| astrocytes loss | #28 |
| baldessarini | #28 |
| effects thiamine | #28 |
| glutamate transporter activity | #28 |
| ataxic gait | #28 |
| devascularized | #28 |
| allosteric modulatory | #28 |
| type hepatic | #28 |
| experimental acute | #28 |
| increased glutamine | #29 |
| 3hro5 | #29 |
| flumazenil flunitrazepam | #29 |
| pairfed controls | #29 |
| superoxide scavenger | #29 |
| serotonin turnover | #29 |
| striatum contrast | #29 |
| isopregnanolone | #29 |
| effective adjunct therapy | #29 |
| cerebral energy failure | #29 |
| cerebral cortex thalamus | #29 |
| shamoperated control animals | #29 |
| re‐evaluation | #29 |
| dust rats | #29 |
| diverse etiology | #29 |
| oxide brain | #29 |
| frontal temporal cortex | #29 |
| glutamine content | #29 |
| subchronic inhalation exposure | #29 |
| travelled distance | #29 |
| putamen frontal cortex | #29 |
| cytoplasmic nuclear signal | #29 |
| optimal supply | #29 |
| dopamine metabolism striatum | #29 |
| rats probenecid | #29 |
| induction mild hypothermia | #29 |
| blood ammonia concentration | #30 |
| mediated excitotoxicity | #30 |
| quantitative receptor | #30 |
| 3dsrt | #30 |
| increased nmda | #30 |
| progression liver injury | #30 |
| neuronal cell counts | #30 |
| west criteria | #30 |
| hyperglycemic stroke | #30 |
| encephalopathy portal | #30 |
| gaba receptor complex | #30 |
| glutamate cgmp | #30 |
| glycine glutamine | #30 |
| neurotransmitter amino acids | #30 |
| frontal cortex samples | #30 |
| stroke neurological | #30 |
| flumazenil gaba | #30 |
| chat activities | #30 |
| nonabsorbable disaccharides | #30 |
| chronic hyperammonemia | #30 |
| aspartate glutamine | #30 |
| inflammatory cascades | #30 |
| glutamate content | #30 |
| studies experimental | #30 |
| presymptomatic animals | #30 |
| cuznsod protein | #31 |
| expression tight junction | #31 |
| leading increased | #31 |
| antisense elements | #31 |
| brain monoamine oxidase | #31 |
| neuroinflammation pathogenesis | #31 |
| shunted animals | #31 |
| cerebral glutamate | #31 |
| glutamate nmda | #31 |
| stupor | #31 |
| brain decreased | #31 |
| peripheral type | #31 |
| clinical prospects | #31 |
| production microglial | #31 |
| dogs hepatic | #31 |
| study ammonia | #31 |
| pannecrosis | #31 |
| binding sites presence | #32 |
| friedreichs ataxia | #32 |
| minimal mhe | #32 |
| binding gaba | #32 |
| increased nitric | #32 |
| acute hyperglycemic | #32 |
| effects mild | #32 |
| temporal cortex patients | #32 |
| 2 alteration | #32 |
| gabaa receptor ligands | #32 |
| intracellular osmolarity | #32 |
| uptake ammonia | #32 |
| hepatic symptoms | #32 |
| telemethylhistamine | #32 |
| deficiencies vitamins | #32 |
| hepatoprotective properties | #32 |
| akinesia | #32 |
| cerebral ammonia | #32 |
| fixed intervals | #32 |
| indian national association | #32 |
| detoxification unit | #32 |
| astrocytes ammonia | #32 |
| failing liver | #33 |
| hand addition | #33 |
| et495 | #33 |
| proinflammatory cytokines brain | #33 |
| gaba aspartate | #33 |
| reversible alterations | #33 |
| cns concentrations | #33 |
| species rats | #33 |
| neuronal cell survival | #33 |
| otc deficiency | #33 |
| cns complications | #33 |
| brain gaba levels | #33 |
| selective decreases | #33 |
| snat5 | #33 |
| glycine aspartate | #33 |
| clinical laboratory findings | #33 |
| binding microsomes | #33 |
| ohe patients | #33 |
| regions brains | #33 |
| rats ammonia | #33 |
| nash treatment | #33 |
| monoamines brain | #33 |
| hepatic artery ligation | #34 |
| encephalopathy hippocampus | #34 |
| nac reduction | #34 |
| stupor coma | #34 |
| groups cirrhotic patients | #34 |
| ammonium tartrate | #34 |
| 11 agematched controls | #34 |
| severe neurological dysfunction | #34 |
| nh4oac | #34 |
| nonepileptic controls | #34 |
| gad activities | #34 |
| severe neurological symptoms | #34 |
| inadequate dietary intake | #34 |
| metabolite 5 | #34 |
| relation brain | #34 |
| cytotoxic brain | #34 |
| acetylcholinesterase activities | #34 |
| free hepatic | #35 |
| severe compromise | #35 |
| space glutamic | #35 |
| astrocytic glutamate | #35 |
| type gaba | #35 |
| manganese tricarbonyl | #35 |
| ammonia concentrations | #35 |
| fatigue rats | #35 |
| effects manganese | #35 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #35 |
| octadecaneuropeptide | #35 |
| neurotransmitter amino | #35 |
| total thiamine | #35 |
| activation proinflammatory | #35 |
| chapter 29 | #35 |
| fluid ammonia | #35 |
| chronic hepatic encephalopathy | #35 |
| overt encephalopathy | #35 |
| dawley reverse | #35 |
| numerous etiologies | #36 |
| cycle glucose | #36 |
| synthesis glutamate | #36 |
| uptake glutamate | #36 |
| electricalfield stimulation | #36 |
| detoxification product | #36 |
| brain regions studies | #36 |
| aom treatment | #36 |
| arterial ammonia | #36 |
| acid brain | #36 |
| astrocytic glutamine | #36 |
| thioacetamide treatment | #36 |
| astrocyte glutamate | #36 |
| cerebral cortical astrocytes | #36 |
| muscarinic sites | #36 |
| increased voluntary | #37 |
| blood manganese levels | #37 |
| acute receptors | #37 |
| mild hypothermia therapy | #37 |
| protein glutamate | #37 |
| perivenous hepatocytes | #37 |
| increased blood glucose | #37 |
| alf mice | #37 |
| mice ammonia | #37 |
| excitotoxic mechanism | #37 |
| csf cisterna magna | #37 |
| 3beta5alpha | #37 |
| hypothermia attenuates | #38 |
| ammonium acetate | #38 |
| brain amino acids | #38 |
| increase glutamine | #38 |
| astrocytic marker | #38 |
| failure male | #38 |
| corneal reflex | #38 |
| gfap immunohistochemistry | #38 |
| brain rats | #38 |
| glutamate ammonia | #38 |
| glutamatergic function | #38 |
| severe liver dysfunction | #39 |
| thiamine administration | #39 |
| findings increased | #39 |
| pdhc | #39 |
| concomitant decreases | #39 |
| loss gene expression | #39 |
| pca surgery | #39 |
| clive | #39 |
| brain regional distribution | #39 |
| benzodiazepine antagonist | #39 |
| posterior columns | #39 |
| chronic alcoholism | #39 |
| hyperammonaemic | #39 |
| glutamine formation | #39 |
| nmdamediated excitotoxicity | #40 |
| etiology severity | #40 |
| ammonia homeostasis | #40 |
| quin levels | #40 |
| seizures mental retardation | #40 |
| concentration areas | #40 |
| argininic acid | #40 |
| dheas | #40 |
| arginine uptake | #40 |
| nitroarginine rats rats | #40 |
| concentrations catecholamines | #40 |
| regiondependent manner | #40 |
| neurological alterations | #40 |
| regionally selective | #40 |
| glutamine glycine | #40 |
| acetylcoa levels | #40 |
| liver inasl | #40 |
| increased density | #40 |
| deficiency disease | #41 |
| brain extracts | #41 |
| thiamine metabolism | #41 |
| detoxification ammonia | #41 |
| regulation caveolin1 | #41 |
| acid neurotransmitter | #41 |
| cellcell signalling | #41 |
| activation nmda receptor | #41 |
| lateral vestibular nucleus | #41 |
| regions concentrations | #41 |
| sgc activation | #41 |
| vulnerable area | #41 |
| complications chronic | #41 |
| brain benzodiazepine receptors | #41 |
| increased glutamate release | #41 |
| brain taurine | #41 |
| thdoc | #42 |
| illness terminology topic | #42 |
| cerebral alterations | #42 |
| benzodiazepine sites | #42 |
| complex pdhc | #42 |
| pk11195 binding | #42 |
| cerebral glutamine | #42 |
| trace amines | #42 |
| increased neuronal | #43 |
| nonalcoholic patients | #43 |
| liver assist | #43 |
| glutamine insulin | #43 |
| gabaa tritium | #43 |
| acute ammonia intoxication | #43 |
| metabolism acute | #43 |
| carbamoyltransferase deficiency | #43 |
| transcarbamylase | #43 |
| aged portacaval | #44 |
| sarcopenia cirrhosis | #44 |
| increased serotonin | #44 |
| reduction brain | #44 |
| severe hyperammonemia | #44 |
| treament | #44 |
| mechanisms disorder | #44 |
| toxic liver | #44 |
| behavioral excitation | #44 |
| ammonia increases | #44 |
| ohe mhe | #44 |
| acid glutamine | #44 |
| ataxia humans | #44 |
| western brain dna | #44 |
| cerebral levels | #44 |
| small meals | #45 |
| aspartate gaba | #45 |
| mice etanercept | #45 |
| thiamin deficiency | #45 |
| cholinergic neuronal | #45 |
| mild encephalopathy | #45 |
| ventral white matter | #45 |
| cortex dose | #45 |
| welldefined areas | #45 |
| isoquinolines kinetics | #45 |
| model congenital | #45 |
| glutamate transporter | #45 |
| brain oxidative metabolism | #46 |
| 11cnmethylspiperone | #46 |
| treatment downregulation | #46 |
| exposed ammonia | #46 |
| fatigue controls | #46 |
| brain gamma | #46 |
| normoglycemic rats | #46 |
| cortex glutamate | #46 |
| glutamate removal | #47 |
| distinctive pattern | #47 |
| human rat brain | #47 |
| rtpcr experiments | #47 |
| microsomes isolated | #47 |
| anaplerotic flux | #47 |
| brain amino | #47 |
| benzodiazepine receptors | #47 |
| alcoholic cirrhotics | #47 |
| metabolism astrocytes | #47 |
| pathophysiologically | #47 |
| glutamate aspartate | #47 |
| neurosteroid | #47 |
| central nervous function | #48 |
| 113cglucose | #48 |
| maob | #48 |
| cerebellum medulla | #48 |
| amino acid synthesis | #48 |
| hyperammonemia | #48 |
| concomitant increases | #48 |
| mitochondrial benzodiazepine | #48 |
| thalamus pons | #48 |
| 3hmuscimol | #48 |
| cerebral dysfunction | #48 |
| sites nmda | #48 |
| tnf brain | #48 |
| neurotoxic agents | #48 |
| age injection | #48 |
| allopregnanolone concentrations | #48 |
| rcts low risk | #49 |
| pallidal | #49 |
| central benzodiazepine | #49 |
| cerebellum patients | #49 |
| nmda binding | #49 |
| neurotoxic actions | #49 |
| glycerol phenylbutyrate | #49 |
| ammonia detoxification | #49 |
| voluntary ethanol | #49 |
| brain tryptophan | #49 |
| increased extracellular | #50 |
| hepatic encephalopathy study | #50 |
| levels brain | #50 |
| extracellular glycine | #50 |
| effects body temperature | #50 |
| expression glt1 | #50 |
| brain banks | #50 |
| rational explanation | #50 |
| tyrosine ammonia | #50 |
| manganese middle | #50 |
| alcoholic dementia | #50 |
| hepatic congestion | #50 |
| righting | #51 |
| early microglial activation | #51 |
| lcarnitine treatment | #51 |
| false neurotransmitters | #51 |
| glutamate receptors nmda | #51 |
| management hepatic | #51 |
| electromyographic evaluation | #51 |
| acids measured | #51 |
| inflamed brain | #51 |
| early losses | #52 |
| pse | #52 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic | #52 |
| altered permeability | #52 |
| nitroarginine rats | #52 |
| neurobehavioral disturbances | #52 |
| vivo microdialysis | #52 |
| brain concentrations | #52 |
| friedreichs ataxia patients | #52 |
| cognitive motor dysfunction | #52 |
| mice carnitine | #52 |
| synthesis glutamine | #52 |
| complex rats | #52 |
| severe stages | #52 |
| 12 rats | #52 |
| neurosteroid synthesis | #53 |
| central histaminergic | #53 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone | #53 |
| rats portacaval shunt | #53 |
| 3hkainate | #53 |
| 3hmuscimol binding | #53 |
| pathophysiologic | #53 |
| treatment alf | #53 |
| kidney testis | #54 |
| mildest form | #54 |
| ischemic liver | #54 |
| substitutive therapy | #54 |
| portacaval shunts | #54 |
| mechanisms proposed | #54 |
| gene expression liver | #54 |
| neuropsychiatric syndrome | #54 |
| portacaval shunt pcs | #54 |
| activation guanylate cyclase | #54 |
| liver atrophy | #54 |
| stroke penumbra | #54 |
| cerebral inflammation | #54 |
| subsequent alteration | #54 |
| hyperglycemic | #55 |
| heterogenity | #55 |
| messenger spraguedawley receptors | #55 |
| occludin levels | #55 |
| glutathione plasma | #55 |
| neurotransmitter agents | #55 |
| concomitant reductions | #55 |
| human disorder | #55 |
| activation glutamate receptors | #55 |
| encephalopathy hyperammonemia | #55 |
| severe cognitive dysfunction | #56 |
| awaits | #56 |
| oxidative nitrosative | #56 |
| levels allopregnanolone | #56 |
| delays onset | #56 |
| regions rats | #56 |
| ca2dependent release | #56 |
| deficiency decreased | #56 |
| resonance signal | #57 |
| rats ouabain | #57 |
| h1 receptors | #57 |
| tetrahydroprogesterone | #57 |
| coma patients | #57 |
| failure muscle | #57 |
| increased intracellular ca2 | #57 |
| ammonia exposure | #57 |
| type mitochondrial | #57 |
| current therapeutic options | #57 |
| brain glutamate levels | #57 |
| mechanisms implicated | #57 |
| probenecid treatment | #58 |
| activation glutamate | #58 |
| swelling brain | #58 |
| portacaval shunt | #58 |
| astrocytes glutamate | #58 |
| brain histamine | #58 |
| pdhc activity | #58 |
| manganese copper | #58 |
| levels amino acids | #58 |
| nervous complications | #58 |
| levels ammonia | #58 |
| dansyl derivatives | #58 |
| severity encephalopathy | #58 |
| lowering strategies | #58 |
| acetaminophen toxicity | #59 |
| 13c enrichments | #59 |
| uptake arginine | #59 |
| mechanism protective | #59 |
| bilirubin metabolism | #59 |
| hyperammonaemia | #59 |
| saline treated controls | #59 |
| gfap gfap mrna | #59 |
| neuropharmacological studies | #59 |
| patients thiamine | #59 |
| purposing | #60 |
| alcoholic patients | #60 |
| spontaneous synaptic activity | #60 |
| cirrhosis middle | #60 |
| alcoholics patients | #60 |
| brain production | #60 |
| ammonia toxicity | #60 |
| cirrhotic patients patients | #60 |
| lazabemide | #60 |
| energy metabolites | #60 |
| required cofactor | #60 |
| ammonia intoxication | #60 |
| opioid penicillamine | #61 |
| ataxia friedreich | #61 |
| excitotoxic brain injury | #61 |
| affinity gaba | #61 |
| bz receptors | #61 |
| 015 mmol | #61 |
| threefold increase | #61 |
| comparable magnitude | #61 |
| sham operated | #61 |
| stem cerebral | #61 |
| subjects free | #61 |
| il1beta mrna expression | #61 |
| concentrations glutamate | #61 |
| acid distribution | #61 |
| maob maoa | #61 |
| taurine synthesis | #62 |
| brain1 | #62 |
| increased expression mrna | #62 |
| ultimate test | #62 |
| receptors pathogenesis | #62 |
| βendorphin | #62 |
| suggested role | #62 |
| forebrain cholinergic neurons | #62 |
| elevated uptake | #62 |
| hypertension brain | #62 |
| rtpcr gene expression | #63 |
| focal increases | #63 |
| metabolism glutamine | #63 |
| failure evidence | #63 |
| spectroscopy tomography | #63 |
| portocaval | #63 |
| manganese treatment | #63 |
| regions contrast | #63 |
| gaba glutamic acid | #63 |
| role glutamate | #63 |
| heavy drinking day | #63 |
| manganese intoxication | #63 |
| thiamine | #63 |
| subclinical hepatic | #63 |
| brain | #64 |
| transketolase activity | #64 |
| fatigue pbc | #64 |
| neurotoxic substances | #64 |
| neurosteroid allopregnanolone | #64 |
| disease activities | #64 |
| thalamus gamma | #64 |
| attenuates oxidative | #64 |
| parietal lobe rats | #64 |
| sodium phenylacetate | #64 |
| symptoms addition | #65 |
| hypokinesia | #65 |
| kcl nacl | #65 |
| 2454 | #65 |
| manganese deposits | #65 |
| butyrylcholinesterases | #65 |
| brain chemistry | #65 |
| female flumazenil | #65 |
| brain cell death | #65 |
| glutamine ammonia | #65 |
| sodium benzoate | #65 |
| frontal parietal cortex | #65 |
| deficiency induced | #65 |
| methylhistamine | #65 |
| isethionic | #66 |
| uptake cultured | #66 |
| mice sodium | #66 |
| ataxia patients | #66 |
| brain water | #66 |
| putative endogenous ligands | #66 |
| 13cnmr | #66 |
| gaba animals | #66 |
| increases brain | #66 |
| ascorbate synthesis | #67 |
| erythrocyte transketolase | #67 |
| humans korsakoff | #67 |
| αmethylptyrosine | #67 |
| tyrosine content | #67 |
| cerebral energy metabolism | #67 |
| lactate increase | #67 |
| brain 24 | #67 |
| brain patients | #67 |
| serotonin transport | #68 |
| selective reductions | #68 |
| indian national | #68 |
| reduction ammonia | #68 |
| glutamate transporter glast | #68 |
| benzodiazepine receptor ligands | #68 |
| decreased concentrations | #68 |
| decreased removal | #69 |
| unleaded gasoline | #69 |
| drug repositioning humans | #69 |
| substance rats | #69 |
| hepatoprotection | #69 |
| processing product | #69 |
| attenuation effects | #69 |
| active removal | #69 |
| rats sham operation | #69 |
| osmotic effects | #69 |
| reduces brain | #70 |
| bergmann glial | #70 |
| electronic manual searches | #70 |
| cortex caudate | #70 |
| m1 sites | #70 |
| glutamic acid hippocampus | #70 |
| glutamates glutamic | #71 |
| animals benzodiazepines | #71 |
| alloxan diabetes | #71 |
| failure animals | #71 |
| shunting | #71 |
| carbamoyltransferase | #71 |
| medium concentrations | #71 |
| brain allopregnanolone | #72 |
| gabaa tomography | #72 |
| hyperammonemia male | #72 |
| concentration norepinephrine | #72 |
| agematched control subjects | #72 |
| organic aciduria | #72 |
| cortex increased | #72 |
| common inborn error | #72 |
| glutamine brain | #72 |
| alterations mitochondrial function | #73 |
| homologous structures | #73 |
| thiamine treatment | #73 |
| ro15 | #73 |
| astrocyte swelling | #73 |
| hippocampal ca1 subfield | #73 |
| pse patients | #73 |
| sites observed | #73 |
| glutamine glutamate | #73 |
| cerebroprotective effects | #73 |
| onset neurological | #73 |
| bath concentration | #74 |
| cortex chromatography | #74 |
| glutamic | #74 |
| astrocytes brain | #74 |
| mechanisms involving | #74 |
| brain content | #74 |
| gaba steroids | #74 |
| decrease brain | #74 |
| nature distribution | #75 |
| thiamine transport | #75 |
| superfused slices | #75 |
| fully elucidated | #75 |
| severe neurological impairment | #75 |
| expression glial | #75 |
| cerebral cortex patients | #75 |
| normal limits | #75 |
| acids hepatic | #75 |
| receptors gaba | #76 |
| gaba glutamine | #76 |
| transporter eaat3 | #76 |
| cirrhosis brain | #76 |
| receptors studied | #76 |
| direct toxic effects | #76 |
| larginine uptake | #76 |
| glutamate binding | #76 |
| metabolite acetaldehyde | #77 |
| alcoholic patients cirrhosis | #77 |
| brain skeletal muscle | #77 |
| muscle acute | #77 |
| glutamate concentration | #77 |
| millimolar range | #77 |
| glycine concentrations | #77 |
| benzodiazepines binding | #78 |
| nnos protein | #78 |
| oxide liver | #78 |
| function hepatic | #78 |
| lnitroarginine methyl ester | #78 |
| muscle glutamine | #78 |
| interatomic bonds | #78 |
| brain glucose metabolism | #78 |
| thiamine triphosphate | #79 |
| methylcyclopentadienyl | #79 |
| semiquantitative rtpcr | #79 |
| excited ground states | #79 |
| hepatic energy | #79 |
| previous reports | #79 |
| metabolism brain | #79 |
| neuronally | #79 |
| deep coma | #79 |
| cns function | #79 |
| taming | #79 |
| l‐carnitine | #79 |
| expression glutamate | #80 |
| neurosteroid biosynthesis | #80 |
| gaba benzodiazepine | #80 |
| quantitative autoradiographic | #80 |
| failure nitric | #80 |
| encephalopathy treatment | #80 |
| cresyl violet staining | #80 |
| pathogenesis animals | #80 |
| emerging therapeutic target | #80 |
| maximal binding | #80 |
| medullapons | #80 |
| astrocyte morphology | #81 |
| glutamine astrocytes | #81 |
| controls increased | #81 |
| molecular neurobiology | #81 |
| study sections | #81 |
| muscle ammonia | #81 |
| 85 mmol | #81 |
| shortchain acylcoa dehydrogenase | #82 |
| brain extracellular | #82 |
| glutamate nitric | #82 |
| chaired | #82 |
| lcarnitine administration | #82 |
| agents receptors | #82 |
| receptor regions | #82 |
| ethanol preference | #83 |
| glutamate brain | #83 |
| proposed explain | #83 |
| treatment thiamine | #83 |
| 3hro15 | #83 |
| tca cycle flux | #83 |
| aom induced | #84 |
| patients decreases | #84 |
| water channel protein | #84 |
| cerebral cortex striatum | #84 |
| measured brain | #84 |
| pathophysiologic basis | #84 |
| elevated ammonia | #84 |
| pbgd | #84 |
| 3hflumazenil | #84 |
| devascularization | #84 |
| role glutamine | #85 |
| 5ht turnover | #85 |
| increase brain | #85 |
| maoa maob | #85 |
| arga | #85 |
| concomitant decrease | #85 |
| decreased ca2 | #85 |
| 3hgammaaminobutyric acid | #85 |
| ammonia patients | #85 |
| urea cycle enzymes | #85 |
| glutamate amino | #86 |
| central muscarinic | #86 |
| release synaptic | #86 |
| spraguedawley statistics | #87 |
| rats sacrificed | #87 |
| wilsonian | #87 |
| tissue brain | #88 |
| csf lactate | #88 |
| brain binding | #88 |
| complication cirrhosis | #88 |
| selective vulnerability | #88 |
| 52 mmol | #88 |
| concomitantly | #88 |
| benzodiazepines brain | #88 |
| undoubtedly | #89 |
| caudate nuclei | #89 |
| sham operations | #89 |
| edema cerebral | #89 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy opca | #89 |
| alpha ketoglutarate | #89 |
| exposure ammonia | #89 |
| prior onset | #89 |
| role human diseases | #89 |
| brain regions rats | #89 |
| patients alf | #90 |
| encephalopathy ohe | #90 |
| receptor ligand | #90 |
| lactate increased | #90 |
| glutamatemediated excitotoxicity | #90 |
| rats species | #90 |
| bcaa concentrations | #91 |
| reduced brain | #91 |
| gaba modulators | #91 |
| monoamine neurotransmitters | #91 |
| altered protein expression | #92 |
| bckdh | #92 |
| leucine concentrations | #92 |
| enzymopathies | #92 |
| neuroinflammatory response | #92 |
| amino acids brain | #92 |
| induced alf | #93 |
| widespread damage | #93 |
| acid liver | #93 |
| congenital deficiencies | #93 |
| mri intensity | #94 |
| increases extracellular | #94 |
| brain compared | #94 |
| thiamin diphosphate | #94 |
| neuronal loss | #94 |
| brain kidney | #94 |
| manganese poisoning | #94 |
| glutamine synthetase expression | #95 |
| inhibitory neurotransmission | #95 |
| acetate administration | #95 |
| ammonia accumulation | #95 |
| induced stereotyped | #95 |
| patients liver failure | #95 |
| benzodiazepines treatment | #95 |
| astrocytic function | #96 |
| skeletal muscle brain | #96 |
| βlipotropin | #96 |
| discrete areas | #96 |
| 16 mmol | #96 |
| ornithine phenylacetate | #96 |
| covert hepatic encephalopathy | #97 |
| brain vivo | #97 |
| brain cytokine | #97 |
| astrocytes neurons | #97 |
| molecules brain | #97 |
| ammonia release | #97 |
| hepatocerebral degeneration | #98 |
| glutamate glutamine | #98 |
| acrylamides animals | #98 |
| receptors increased | #98 |
| dorsal tegmental nucleus | #98 |
| dehydroascorbic acid | #98 |
| glycine transporters | #98 |
| thiamine diphosphate | #98 |
| carbamoyltransferase ornithine | #98 |
| stress ammonia | #99 |
| 3045 | #99 |
| examination role | #99 |
| walking gait | #99 |
| symptomatic stage | #100 |
| commonly encountered | #100 |
| aspartate levels | #100 |
| fatigue impact scale | #100 |
| increases levels | #101 |
| proinflammatory | #101 |
| inhibitory amino acids | #101 |
| pressure liver | #101 |
| animal hypothermia | #101 |
| temporal cortex | #101 |
| lcarnitine | #102 |
| synergistic mechanisms | #102 |
| treatment complications | #102 |
| microdialysis rats | #102 |
| tk activity | #102 |
| neurological symptoms patients | #102 |
| brain barrier breakdown | #102 |
| levels dheas | #102 |
| cerebral cortex cerebellum | #102 |
| brain levels | #103 |
| benzodiazepine receptor | #103 |
| removal ammonia | #103 |
| controls cirrhotic patients | #103 |
| brain extracellular space | #103 |
| collisional deactivation | #103 |
| label incorporation | #104 |
| experimental animal models | #104 |
| methylspiperone | #104 |
| regional distribution | #104 |
| 90 loss | #104 |
| cerebral oxidative metabolism | #104 |
| thiamine monophosphate | #104 |
| fatigue severity | #105 |
| loss cholinergic | #105 |
| m3 exposure | #105 |
| receptors brain | #105 |
| neurological consequences | #105 |
| transporter glt1 | #105 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #105 |
| experimental models | #105 |
| toxic liver injury | #106 |
| complication liver | #106 |
| concentrations serotonin | #107 |
| receptors rats | #107 |
| 3h8ohdpat | #107 |
| gaba content | #108 |
| characteristic alterations | #108 |
| dopaminergic dysfunction | #108 |
| current theories | #108 |
| sham operated controls | #108 |
| monoamines | #108 |
| t1weighted magnetic resonance | #109 |
| disease hepatic | #109 |
| symptomatic animals | #109 |
| ldeprenyl | #109 |
| glutamate plasma | #109 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms | #110 |
| azoxymethane aom | #110 |
| glutamates humans | #110 |
| deficiency humans | #110 |
| 3hnisoxetine | #110 |
| rats hepatic | #110 |
| enzymes brain | #111 |
| reye syndrome | #111 |
| glt1 glast | #111 |
| 3alpha5alpha | #112 |
| evidence role | #112 |
| metabolic block | #113 |
| hypertension liver | #113 |
| glutamate synaptic | #113 |
| expression testis | #113 |
| lymphocytes rats | #113 |
| midbrain striatum | #113 |
| ligated rats | #113 |
| activities | #113 |
| brain preparations | #113 |
| 57 reduction | #114 |
| rat astrocytes | #114 |
| fco | #114 |
| nutritional management | #114 |
| radioenzymatic assay | #114 |
| experimental animals | #115 |
| nmda receptor expression | #115 |
| brain dogs | #115 |
| gabaa gabaergic | #116 |
| decreased synthesis | #116 |
| pallidum putamen | #116 |
| mammillary body | #116 |
| 3hmepyramine | #116 |
| growing body | #117 |
| cholinergic deficit | #117 |
| friedreich ataxia patients | #117 |
| controls plasma levels | #117 |
| tips procedure | #117 |
| opioid brain | #117 |
| cortex alzheimer | #117 |
| amine levels | #118 |
| arginine deficiency | #118 |
| myelin synthesis | #118 |
| cirrhotic | #118 |
| brain dopamine | #118 |
| allopregnanolone | #118 |
| mechanism ammonia | #118 |
| albumin dialysis | #118 |
| pathologic manifestations | #119 |
| cerebral energy | #119 |
| site densities | #119 |
| nervous dysfunction | #119 |
| patients fatty liver | #119 |
| opioid beta | #119 |
| apapinduced | #119 |
| hydroxylating | #119 |
| genes coding | #120 |
| glutamates | #120 |
| ouabain induced | #120 |
| balb cbyj mice | #120 |
| frontal cortex | #120 |
| 3hketanserin | #121 |
| pugh score | #121 |
| monoamine oxidaseb | #121 |
| mechanisms pathogenesis | #121 |
| copper manganese | #121 |
| brain evidence | #122 |
| bergmann glia | #122 |
| brain enzyme | #122 |
| unleaded | #122 |
| complex activities | #122 |
| rat brain synaptosomes | #122 |
| nuclear signal | #122 |
| selective damage | #123 |
| implicated | #123 |
| beneficial patients | #123 |
| normal human brains | #123 |
| modulatory site | #124 |
| newborn astrocytes cells | #124 |
| gene expression brain | #124 |
| asterixis | #124 |
| ammonia control | #125 |
| striatum cerebellum | #125 |
| neurological signs | #125 |
| icp cbf | #125 |
| glt1 | #126 |
| role ammonia | #126 |
| ol20 | #126 |
| synthase nitroarginine | #126 |
| 11cpk11195 | #126 |
| ala2mephe4met0ol | #126 |
| ornithine aminotransferase | #126 |
| brain male | #126 |
| high‐affinity | #127 |
| taurine uptake | #128 |
| proteins nitric | #128 |
| neuronal cell | #128 |
| cytokines brain | #128 |
| patients friedreichs ataxia | #129 |
| chronic alcoholic patients | #129 |
| neurochemical mechanisms | #129 |
| cox2 immunoreactivity | #129 |
| glutamate concentrations | #129 |
| unanesthetized dogs | #130 |
| agonist action | #130 |
| spontaneous activities | #130 |
| cox2 levels | #130 |
| blood ethanol levels | #130 |
| llactate dehydrogenase | #131 |
| ammonia levels | #131 |
| observed brain | #131 |
| primary deficit | #131 |
| continuous supply | #132 |
| hepatic abnormalities | #132 |
| taurine release | #132 |
| blood ammonia | #132 |
| carnitine administration | #132 |
| animals azoxymethane | #132 |
| nacetyl cysteine | #133 |
| α ketoglutarate | #133 |
| friedreich | #133 |
| factor pathogenesis | #133 |
| ischemia rat | #133 |
| manganese neurotoxicity | #133 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase | #133 |
| site human | #133 |
| brain glial | #134 |
| lactate accumulation | #134 |
| endogenous amino acids | #135 |
| concentrations gaba | #135 |
| models acute | #135 |
| exposure manganese | #135 |
| kidney skeletal muscle | #135 |
| impact treatments | #136 |
| function addition | #137 |
| psychometric testing | #137 |
| 3hcitalopram | #137 |
| release glutamate | #137 |
| increased intracranial pressure | #137 |
| manganese toxicity | #137 |
| pregnenolone rats | #137 |
| acid ammonia | #137 |
| spinocerebellar degeneration | #138 |
| neuropsychiatric complications | #138 |
| inherited ataxias | #138 |
| tracer doses | #139 |
| lornithine | #139 |
| nanomolar affinity | #139 |
| chatpositive neurons | #139 |
| cycle enzyme | #139 |
| cerebral herniation | #139 |
| glutamine alanine | #139 |
| −70°c | #139 |
| disorder animals | #139 |
| patients friedreich | #140 |
| nutritional recommendations | #140 |
| cortex male | #141 |
| dehydrogenase pdh | #141 |
| concentrations nacl | #141 |
| aminobutyric acid | #141 |
| nonbenzodiazepine | #141 |
| alcoholic nonalcoholic | #142 |
| development hepatic | #142 |
| cbyj | #142 |
| humans isoquinolines | #142 |
| gaba synaptic | #142 |
| huntingtons chorea | #142 |
| cerebellar ataxias | #142 |
| lactate alanine | #143 |
| alternative site | #143 |
| brain glucose uptake | #143 |
| hypothermia induced | #143 |
| serotonin precursor | #143 |
| monoamine oxidasea | #143 |
| diminished activity | #143 |
| insulin hypoglycaemia | #144 |
| taurine content | #144 |
| delayed myelination | #144 |
| ornithine carbamoyltransferase | #144 |
| dopamine metabolism | #144 |
| selective brain | #144 |
| allosteric agonists | #144 |
| glutamateglutamine | #144 |
| brain gaba | #144 |
| cerebral microdialysis | #145 |
| brain tissue | #145 |
| inferior olivary nucleus | #145 |
| hyperglycemic rats | #145 |
| relation degree | #146 |
| receptormediated responses | #146 |
| glucose load | #146 |
| brain peripheral tissues | #146 |
| brain hypothermia | #146 |
| increase presence | #147 |
| rapid filtration | #147 |
| lateral vestibular | #147 |
| comparable degree | #147 |
| energy failure | #148 |
| lactate brain | #148 |
| animals brain | #148 |
| ohe | #149 |
| coa acetyl | #149 |
| glutamate neurons | #149 |
| neurosteroids | #149 |
| acetyllcarnitine | #149 |
| diazepam binding inhibitor | #149 |
| cirrhosis hepatic | #149 |
| western cells rats | #149 |
| metabolic impairments | #150 |
| probenecid rats | #150 |
| consumption ethanol | #150 |
| failure studies | #150 |
| animals astrocytes | #151 |
| fatigue scores | #151 |
| protein tyrosine nitration | #151 |
| female friedreich | #151 |
| zo2 | #151 |
| patient tissue | #151 |
| progesterone metabolites | #151 |
| patients hepatic encephalopathy | #152 |
| selective neuronal death | #152 |
| beta actin | #152 |
| increased synthesis | #153 |
| inhibition binding | #153 |
| concentrations amino | #153 |
| testis brain | #153 |
| alcoholism brain | #154 |
| tight junction proteins | #154 |
| impaired brain | #154 |
| transporter protein | #154 |
| increased cerebral | #155 |
| 15 1788 | #155 |
| ammonia ligase | #156 |
| experimental male rats | #156 |
| brain cerebrospinal | #156 |
| 1788 | #157 |
| affinity uptake | #157 |
| radioenzymatic | #157 |
| protein acute | #157 |
| neuroactive | #157 |
| ethanol day | #158 |
| korsakoff syndrome | #158 |
| dimethadione | #158 |
| glt1 expression | #159 |
| gfap expression | #159 |
| water brain | #159 |
| prominent increase | #159 |
| nitrosative | #159 |
| increased 5 | #159 |
| astrocytosis | #160 |
| groups responses | #160 |
| glutamate ampa | #160 |
| brain dysfunction | #160 |
| 3methoxytyramine | #160 |
| expression hepatic | #161 |
| neuropathologically | #161 |
| diphosphatase | #161 |
| gfap mrna | #161 |
| reaction ammonia | #161 |
| perivenous | #162 |
| increased stimulation | #162 |
| synaptosomal uptake | #162 |
| mercaptans | #162 |
| homogenates | #162 |
| vicious cycle | #163 |
| affinity transport | #163 |
| rats nitric | #163 |
| neurological evaluation | #163 |
| transketolase | #164 |
| increased degradation | #164 |
| manganese concentrations | #164 |
| mice acetaminophen | #164 |
| glutamine production | #164 |
| human alcoholics | #165 |
| victor | #165 |
| extracellular concentrations | #166 |
| glast | #166 |
| bergmann glial cells | #166 |
| regions levels | #166 |
| brain energy metabolism | #166 |
| benzodiazepine | #167 |
| increased csf | #167 |
| neurotransmitter | #167 |
| dansyl chloride | #167 |
| severe signs | #167 |
| aids aidsrelated complex | #167 |
| increased cerebrospinal | #167 |
| male manganese | #167 |
| neurotoxic compounds | #168 |
| surgical models | #168 |
| deficiency liver | #168 |
| precise role | #169 |
| malateaspartate shuttle | #169 |
| strains spectrometry | #170 |
| monophosphatase | #170 |
| increase pge2 | #171 |
| acetaminophen acetylcysteine | #171 |
| medial geniculate nucleus | #171 |
| elevated activities | #171 |
| complications liver | #171 |
| terms relationship | #172 |
| apap administration | #172 |
| transport brain | #172 |
| expression alpha1 | #172 |
| early increases | #172 |
| ketoglutarate | #172 |
| rats protective | #173 |
| protein gfap | #174 |
| complex pyruvate | #174 |
| dehydroascorbic | #175 |
| brain energy | #175 |
| binding calcium | #175 |
| taurine concentrations | #175 |
| synergistic actions | #175 |
| chain amino | #175 |
| stereotyped behavior | #175 |
| gfap immunoreactivity | #176 |
| guanidino compounds | #177 |
| neurological dysfunction | #178 |
| neurological complications | #178 |
| eaat4 | #178 |
| patients plasma levels | #179 |
| fine motor function | #179 |
| serotonin 5hydroxytryptamine | #180 |
| rats csf | #180 |
| symptoms including | #180 |
| brain monoamine | #180 |
| experimental hepatic | #181 |
| autoradiography binding | #181 |
| brain concentration | #181 |
| 3hflunitrazepam | #181 |
| biochemical consequences | #182 |
| dheas dhea | #182 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate | #182 |
| accumulation brain | #182 |
| competitive brain | #183 |
| neuropsychiatric | #183 |
| patients mhe | #183 |
| nutritional consequences | #184 |
| animals antimetabolites | #184 |
| nnos mrna | #184 |
| fluorescence analysis | #185 |
| amphetamine apomorphine | #185 |
| glast glt1 | #185 |
| branchedchain amino acids | #185 |
| neurological disorder | #185 |
| mm kcl | #186 |
| sequellae | #187 |
| controls regions | #187 |
| stress pathogenesis | #187 |
| spraguedawley serotonin | #187 |
| expression occludin | #187 |
| pcr ratio | #188 |
| otc | #188 |
| cb154 | #188 |
| alcar | #188 |
| dehydrogenase complex | #188 |
| dawley serotonin | #188 |
| compared sham | #188 |
| vasogenic brain edema | #189 |
| highaffinity uptake | #189 |
| rat cerebellum | #189 |
| agonist properties | #190 |
| aminobutyric | #190 |
| dopamine turnover | #191 |
| aged ammonia | #192 |
| specific ligand | #192 |
| pregnanolone | #192 |
| studies alterations | #193 |
| patient material | #194 |
| gilles tourettes syndrome | #194 |
| righting reflex | #194 |
| pavlov | #194 |
| limited therapeutic | #195 |
| gamma aminobutyric | #195 |
| of3h | #195 |
| patients immunohistochemistry | #195 |
| intracellular receptors | #196 |
| expression tight | #197 |
| mice acute | #197 |
| tissue patients | #197 |
| guanidino | #198 |
| unaltered | #198 |
| concomitant loss | #198 |
| astrocyte function | #198 |
| mrna protein expression | #198 |
| manganese compounds | #198 |
| thalamus hippocampus | #199 |
| substitutive | #200 |
| noradrenaline transporter | #200 |
| experimental chronic | #200 |
| 35 degrees | #200 |
| glutamatergic synaptic | #200 |
| mitochondria neurons | #200 |
| etiology patients | #200 |
| csf concentrations | #201 |
| synthetase expression | #201 |
| highest density | #201 |
| brainstem structures | #201 |
| equal | #202 |
| activation brain | #202 |
| cerebral glucose utilization | #202 |
| translation clinic | #202 |
| severity liver disease | #202 |
| therapeutic interventions | #203 |
| activities increased | #203 |
| vitro receptor | #203 |
| chronic alcohol abuse | #204 |
| benzodiazepine binding | #204 |
| ketone oxidoreductases | #205 |
| cns dysfunction | #205 |
| poor nutrition | #206 |
| manganism | #206 |
| cuznsod | #206 |
| grc | #206 |
| trials low risk | #206 |
| ldh5 | #207 |
| ldh1 | #207 |
| central noradrenergic | #207 |
| neuropathological studies | #209 |
| astrocytic response | #209 |
| immunohistochemistry messenger receptors | #209 |
| laboratory rat | #209 |
| ethanol increased | #210 |
| overt hepatic | #210 |
| concomitant increase | #210 |
| bergmann | #210 |
| uptake pattern | #210 |
| millimolar concentrations | #211 |
| patients liver dysfunction | #212 |
| laspartate | #212 |
| brain structures | #212 |
| histopathological studies | #212 |
| cns gaba | #212 |
| isoquinolines male | #212 |
| cerebellum striatum | #213 |
| patients died | #214 |
| address issue | #214 |
| gabaa receptor agonist | #214 |
| plasma ammonia | #214 |
| 3h8 | #215 |
| role pathogenesis | #215 |
| key factor | #216 |
| failure mice | #216 |
| glutamine cycle | #216 |
| nitrite nitrate levels | #216 |
| animals liver | #216 |
| noradrenergic function | #217 |
| bbb breakdown | #217 |
| glutamine synthetase activity | #217 |
| cultured rat astrocytes | #218 |
| 3hro | #219 |
| thiamine vitamin | #219 |
| taurine animals | #219 |
| inbred strains spectrometry | #220 |
| glutamate exposure | #221 |
| new therapeutic opportunities | #221 |
| agonal | #221 |
| excitatory neurotransmitters | #221 |
| level severity | #222 |
| 3 post | #222 |
| terry | #223 |
| death mechanisms | #224 |
| deficient animals | #224 |
| cyclase sgc | #225 |
| 2 quality | #226 |
| vulnerable period | #226 |
| gaba receptor | #227 |
| gaba cns | #228 |
| hepatic microcirculation | #228 |
| il1beta mrna | #228 |
| exposure inhalation | #228 |
| cortical synaptosomes | #229 |
| animals effects | #229 |
| excitatory transmitter | #229 |
| acute chronic exposure | #229 |
| shunt | #230 |
| mk801 treatment | #230 |
| muscarinic cholinergic | #230 |
| cholestatic rats | #230 |
| opca | #230 |
| glutamate excitotoxicity | #231 |
| receptor ligands | #231 |
| hippocrates | #231 |
| previous report | #231 |
| extracellular glutamate | #232 |
| rats weeks | #233 |
| increasing evidence | #234 |
| spraguedawley reference values | #234 |
| glutamate transport | #234 |
| increased intracranial | #234 |
| brain deposition | #235 |
| phosphate esters | #235 |
| cau | #235 |
| pair fed | #236 |
| resonance study | #236 |
| liver injury mice | #236 |
| 3hglutamate | #237 |
| serotonin tryptophan | #237 |
| pdh complex | #238 |
| lc3 lipidation | #238 |
| glial proliferation | #238 |
| animals rats | #239 |
| encephalopathy mhe | #239 |
| binding brain | #240 |
| reduced glutathione levels | #240 |
| end‐stage liver disease | #240 |
| concentrations elevated | #240 |
| levels glutamate | #240 |
| multiple systematic reviews | #240 |
| psychoactive medications | #241 |
| caudate putamen | #241 |
| minimal hepatic | #241 |
| presynaptic neuron | #241 |
| nacl kcl | #241 |
| brain samples | #242 |
| cycle disorders | #242 |
| 13cacetate | #242 |
| neurobehavioral | #243 |
| treatment central | #243 |
| glur2 | #243 |
| sgc | #243 |
| alf patients | #244 |
| normal processes | #244 |
| manganese concentration | #244 |
| cerebral cortex hippocampus | #244 |
| neuronal membrane | #244 |
| neuronal localization | #244 |
| hypothalamus hypothalamus | #245 |
| aged monoamine | #245 |
| neurologic assessment | #246 |
| bloodbrain barrier breakdown | #246 |
| glutamine concentration | #246 |
| unchanged | #246 |
| tritium animals | #246 |
| acids animals | #246 |
| synaptosomal preparations | #247 |
| plasma brain | #247 |
| nonpregnant rats | #247 |
| soluble guanylate | #247 |
| 5 hydroxyindoleacetic | #248 |
| neuroactive steroids | #248 |
| histaminergic | #248 |
| hippocampal sclerosis | #248 |
| minimal hepatic encephalopathy | #248 |
| deficient rats | #249 |
| allosteric coupling | #249 |
| betaep | #249 |
| synaptic transmission | #250 |
| glutamate transporter glt1 | #250 |
| increased expression | #250 |
| findings activation | #251 |
| glutamate gaba | #251 |
| reactive nitrogen intermediates | #251 |
| gaba uptake | #252 |
| fatigue chronic | #252 |
| symptoms brain | #253 |
| reduced cerebral | #253 |
| animals aspartic | #253 |
| focal loss | #254 |
| rats taurine | #255 |
| brain caudate | #256 |
| watersoluble vitamins | #256 |
| rat cerebellar | #256 |
| alterations expression | #257 |
| brain disorder | #257 |
| soluble guanylate cyclase | #257 |
| 4513 | #257 |
| therapeutic measures | #257 |
| norepinephrine turnover | #257 |
| pallidum | #258 |
| mhe | #258 |
| animals ataxia | #258 |
| rats time factors | #259 |
| – brain | #259 |
| choline acetyltransferase | #259 |
| receptor autoradiography | #259 |
| transporters amino | #259 |
| ed1 | #259 |
| phenylalanine levels | #260 |
| glutamine synthetase | #260 |
| agents rats | #260 |
| precipitating factors | #260 |
| gene expression alterations | #261 |
| liver liver failure | #261 |
| endogenous ligands | #262 |
| binding ligands | #262 |
| liver skeletal muscle | #262 |
| treatment neurological disorders | #262 |
| neurological impairment | #263 |
| acetyl carnitine | #263 |
| liver testis | #264 |
| alcoholic male | #264 |
| gamma tumor | #264 |
| concentrations brain | #264 |
| spf | #264 |
| muscle rigidity | #264 |
| cisterna | #265 |
| rats compared | #265 |
| gabaergic neurotransmission | #265 |
| calleja | #265 |
| cerebellar pathology | #266 |
| male c57bl6 mice | #267 |
| dopamine spiperone | #267 |
| reactive gliosis | #267 |
| dopamine noradrenaline | #267 |
| electrically stimulated | #268 |
| isoquinolines | #268 |
| cell volume regulation | #268 |
| protein gene expression | #268 |
| contributory | #269 |
| expression nitric | #270 |
| female hepatic | #271 |
| hepatic | #271 |
| sleep abnormalities | #271 |
| microdialysates | #272 |
| pharmacological manipulation | #272 |
| displaceable | #272 |
| brain human | #272 |
| octanoic acid | #272 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #272 |
| neurotransmitter systems | #274 |
| brains | #274 |
| greenwood | #276 |
| quin | #277 |
| normal conditions | #277 |
| expression brain | #277 |
| neuronal cell death | #278 |
| glutamate uptake | #279 |
| tryptamine | #280 |
| neurotoxic action | #280 |
| gamma liver | #280 |
| national association | #280 |
| 14c2 | #281 |
| metal toxicity | #281 |
| striatum cerebral cortex | #281 |
| microassay | #281 |
| gaba levels | #282 |
| intracranial hypertension | #282 |
| guanylate cyclase | #282 |
| glur3 | #283 |
| maoa | #283 |
| severe neurological | #284 |
| 3mt | #284 |
| cortical astrocytes | #284 |
| behavioural impairment | #284 |
| barrier breakdown | #285 |
| nitrated proteins | #285 |
| ht release | #285 |
| concentrations dopamine | #285 |
| ucds | #285 |
| glomerular filtrate | #287 |
| acute hepatic failure | #287 |
| deficiency disorders | #288 |
| acid astrocytes | #289 |
| excitatory amino acids | #289 |
| apap hepatotoxicity | #290 |
| reduction oxidative stress | #290 |
| adult values | #290 |
| azoxymethane | #291 |
| brain cerebellum | #292 |
| ligands male | #292 |
| mice cerebral | #292 |
| human liver disease | #292 |
| patients fatigue | #292 |
| brain regional | #293 |
| failure rats | #293 |
| reduced capacity | #293 |
| concentrations zinc | #293 |
| effects hypothermia | #293 |
| glutamine | #293 |
| autoradiographic studies | #293 |
| induced swelling | #294 |
| blood – | #294 |
| odn | #294 |
| altered expression | #294 |
| substantial increases | #295 |
| synthase expression | #296 |
| rats increased | #297 |
| betaactin | #297 |
| overt hepatic encephalopathy | #300 |
| rats western cells | #300 |
| dawley receptors opioid | #304 |
| actin mrna | #304 |
| groups sham | #304 |
| brain choline | #304 |
| rifamycins rifaximin | #305 |
| severe alterations | #306 |
| cytotoxic mechanism | #306 |
| damaged liver | #306 |
| gamma aminobutyric acid | #306 |
| lnoarg | #306 |
| selection model | #307 |
| powerful antioxidant | #307 |
| glutamate | #307 |
| 3hsch | #307 |
| cerebral function | #308 |
| dihydrolipoamide | #308 |
| bioaccumulation | #308 |
| molecular biological techniques | #310 |
| tight junction protein | #310 |
| serotonin metabolism | #311 |
| gaba taurine | #312 |
| 4864 | #312 |
| brain genes | #312 |
| agonists gaba | #312 |
| rats messenger | #313 |
| treatment rats | #313 |
| male osmolar | #314 |
| secondary biliary cirrhosis | #315 |
| receptors glutamate | #316 |
| brain serotonin | #316 |
| chloride animals | #316 |
| nitrogen metabolism | #318 |
| adjacent sections | #318 |
| mice mutant | #318 |
| quantitative autoradiography | #319 |
| basal ganglia patients | #319 |
| mitochondrial proliferation | #319 |
| humans manganese | #319 |
| cell death mechanisms | #320 |
| rats brain | #320 |
| cultured hippocampal neurons | #320 |
| tailpipe | #321 |
| dehydrogenase activity | #321 |
| 235triphenyltetrazolium chloride | #322 |
| eaat3 | #322 |
| isethionate | #323 |
| aqp4 expression | #324 |
| thalamus | #325 |
| acid 5 | #325 |
| neurochemical studies | #327 |
| complications outcome | #327 |
| nervous function | #327 |
| decreased brain | #327 |
| olivopontocerebellar | #328 |
| 5 hiaa | #328 |
| pathol | #329 |
| uptake increased | #329 |
| flumazenil | #330 |
| cerebellar astrocytes | #330 |
| sites human | #331 |
| β endorphin | #331 |
| aaas | #333 |
| proinflammatory cytokines | #333 |
| locomotor | #333 |
| uptake brain | #333 |
| experimental rat | #334 |
| 13cglucose | #335 |
| neurotransmitter uptake | #335 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic | #335 |
| increased binding | #335 |
| brain accumulation | #336 |
| 8 rats | #336 |
| nitrotyrosine | #337 |
| inhalation exposure | #338 |
| cortex brain | #339 |
| responsible | #339 |
| positive synergistic | #340 |
| transport defect | #340 |
| pdh activity | #341 |
| biological plausibility | #341 |
| human hepatic | #341 |
| mutant rats | #342 |
| cerebral cortical | #342 |
| reyes syndrome | #343 |
| benzodiazepine site | #344 |
| altered mental status | #344 |
| brain 5 | #344 |
| placebo improvement | #345 |
| dehydrogenase humans | #345 |
| activation nmda | #346 |
| dansyl | #346 |
| acid gaba | #347 |
| control values | #347 |
| intraventricularly | #347 |
| vulnerable | #347 |
| bdl rats | #349 |
| marked decreases | #349 |
| increased immunoreactivity | #350 |
| glutamate levels | #350 |
| pigs groups | #350 |
| patients dying | #351 |
| nonalcoholics | #351 |
| alanine amino | #351 |
| consequent increase | #352 |
| cortex cerebellum | #352 |
| manganese | #353 |
| proinflammatory cytokine release | #354 |
| apapinduced liver injury | #354 |
| series studies | #354 |
| consumption rats | #354 |
| western brain | #354 |
| expression increased | #355 |
| brain excitability | #356 |
| thiamine supplementation | #356 |
| complex male | #356 |
| duct ligated | #356 |
| deterioration | #357 |
| receptor sites | #357 |
| 5hiaa | #358 |
| postmortem brain tissue | #358 |
| wellestablished model | #358 |
| convulsions | #359 |
| proposed role | #359 |
| onset brain | #359 |
| mammalian brain | #361 |
| glutamate homeostasis | #361 |
| increase extracellular | #361 |
| autoradiography brain | #362 |
| neuroinflammatory | #363 |
| metabolic events | #363 |
| histamine h1 | #363 |
| reduced plasma | #363 |
| rats cns | #364 |
| expression pglycoprotein | #365 |
| 9998 | #365 |
| acids branched | #366 |
| white matter structures | #366 |
| posttranslational rats rats | #367 |
| neuroglia | #367 |
| folic acid antagonists | #368 |
| methoxytyramine | #369 |
| cerebral oedema | #370 |
| 56 mm | #370 |
| sulfate dheas | #370 |
| nacetylcysteine nac | #371 |
| sites binding | #371 |
| glutamate synthesis | #372 |
| metabolic impairment | #372 |
| perineuronal | #372 |
| affinities | #373 |
| acid rats | #373 |
| chemical forms | #373 |
| induction cox2 | #373 |
| encountered | #373 |
| accompanied | #375 |
| 3hmk801 | #375 |
| astrocytes microglia | #375 |
| ca1 subfield | #376 |
| anaplerotic | #376 |
| highaffinity | #376 |
| antioxidant nacetylcysteine | #377 |
| nh3 nh4 | #377 |
| ngnitro | #378 |
| cirrhosis alcoholic | #378 |
| acetyltransferase chat | #378 |
| novo synthesis | #379 |
| basal ganglia thalamus | #380 |
| cell swelling | #380 |
| positive allosteric | #380 |
| acute chronic | #382 |
| pons | #382 |
| epileptic patients | #382 |
| pregnenolone | #383 |
| overwhelming evidence | #383 |
| densities | #385 |
| exposure brain | #386 |
| dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | #386 |
| transporter glut1 | #386 |
| phenylalanine tyrosine | #388 |
| cerebral edema | #390 |
| pbz | #390 |
| focal cerebral ischemia | #390 |
| hyperglycemic conditions | #390 |
| effects administration | #390 |
| acetylcholine synthesis | #390 |
| pet assessment | #392 |
| mice enos | #393 |
| glycine transporter | #394 |
| thioacetamide induced | #394 |
| phthalaldehyde | #394 |
| phenylacetate | #395 |
| scatchard plot | #395 |
| failure induced | #396 |
| model acute | #396 |
| positive allosteric modulator | #397 |
| carnitine levels | #397 |
| omega 3 | #398 |
| methylhistamines | #399 |
| pathophysiological mechanism | #399 |
| bbb permeability | #399 |
| patients platelets | #400 |
| vestibular nucleus | #400 |
| acetyl coa | #400 |
| korsakoff | #400 |
| frontal | #401 |
| insulin metabolism | #401 |
| inferior olive | #402 |
| falls patients | #402 |
| radioligands | #403 |
| rats purpose | #405 |
| concerted effort | #407 |
| liver gut | #407 |
| methionine sulfoximine | #408 |
| marker enzymes | #408 |
| neuropathologic | #408 |
| releasable | #410 |
| adult activities | #412 |
| dopaminergic neurones | #414 |
| shunt surgery | #415 |
| forebrain cholinergic | #416 |
| patients ataxia | #416 |
| ketamine anesthesia | #417 |
| gabaa gammaaminobutyric acid | #418 |
| intellectual function | #419 |
| pk11195 | #419 |
| fibrillary | #421 |
| alcoholic liver | #421 |
| serotonin content | #422 |
| sham operation | #423 |
| regions brain | #423 |
| housekeeping gene | #423 |
| rats animal | #423 |
| asparagine | #423 |
| diazepam binding | #424 |
| hypothermia | #424 |
| tissues brain | #425 |
| salinetreated controls | #425 |
| direct evidence | #426 |
| aidsrelated complex | #426 |
| binding parameters | #426 |
| exsanguination | #427 |
| rats mutant | #428 |
| hepatocyte necrosis | #430 |
| protein utilization | #431 |
| glutamine levels | #431 |
| sacrificed | #432 |
| dawley tissue | #434 |
| hippocampus frontal cortex | #434 |
| peripheral benzodiazepine | #434 |
| onset severe | #434 |
| rats experimental | #435 |
| cytotoxic edema | #437 |
| patients pbc | #437 |
| 12 control subjects | #438 |
| benzoate | #438 |
| addition evidence | #439 |
| ligand selectivity | #440 |
| isoquinoline | #440 |
| central process | #441 |
| attenuates | #441 |
| neurological syndrome | #442 |
| acids brain | #442 |
| patients encephalopathy | #443 |
| brain microglia | #443 |
| brain glucose | #443 |
| 13c enrichment | #443 |
| arginine transport | #443 |
| cultured astrocytes | #444 |
| glyt1 | #444 |
| cultured cerebellar | #445 |
| operated | #445 |
| butterworth | #446 |
| compounds rats | #446 |
| brain water content | #447 |
| liver skeletal | #450 |
| topographic distribution | #450 |
| agematched controls | #450 |
| pyruvate dehydrogenase | #450 |
| acute mice mice | #451 |
| brain tissue patients | #451 |
| effects liver | #451 |
| t1weighted mri | #453 |
| severe liver | #454 |
| central pontine myelinolysis | #455 |
| immunohistochemistry liver | #455 |
| aged amino | #455 |
| s100beta | #455 |
| parachlorophenylalanine | #456 |
| h1 receptor | #456 |
| brain swelling | #456 |
| body evidence | #456 |
| impaired liver function | #457 |
| vitro binding assay | #457 |
| aspartic | #457 |
| brain monoamines | #458 |
| effects brain | #460 |
| brain alterations | #460 |
| neurobiology | #460 |
| increased release | #461 |
| neuropathology | #462 |
| 5ht levels | #463 |
| substantial body | #463 |
| equivocal | #463 |
| neurological | #465 |
| dentate nuclei | #466 |
| hepatic glutathione | #466 |
| neurobehavioural | #467 |
| studies reveal | #468 |
| central cholinergic | #469 |
| glutamic acid | #469 |
| reye | #470 |
| monoamine metabolism | #471 |
| amino acid levels | #471 |
| urea production | #472 |
| alcoholic liver disease | #473 |
| patients hippocampal | #473 |
| putamen patients | #474 |
| glutamate transporters | #475 |
| liver dysfunction | #475 |
| ox42 | #475 |
| gaba glycine | #475 |
| inherited defects | #476 |
| thiamin | #477 |
| alcohol brain | #477 |
| thiamine pyrophosphate | #479 |
| release proinflammatory cytokines | #479 |
| amino acid transporters | #480 |
| acid humans | #480 |
| parkinsons diseases | #481 |
| acute male | #482 |
| images brain | #482 |
| inferior colliculus | #482 |
| brain csf | #484 |
| chronic alcoholics | #484 |
| nitric oxide synthase | #487 |
| manganese levels | #488 |
| triphosphate amino | #488 |
| concentrations increased | #488 |
| acids rats | #490 |
| multinuclear nmr spectroscopy | #491 |
| urea ammonia | #491 |
| jadad | #492 |
| role brain | #492 |
| increased production | #492 |
| glial fibrillary | #492 |
| ischemic cortex | #493 |
| pet ligand | #494 |
| aspartate glutamate | #495 |
| outer mitochondrial membrane | #495 |
| ammonium ion | #495 |
| pyruvates | #495 |
| emitted radiation | #495 |
| schaffer collaterals | #496 |
| hexanones | #496 |
| rat hippocampal | #496 |
| ataxic | #499 |
| neurons nitric | #499 |
| brain diseases | #501 |
| beneficial | #502 |
| brain synaptosomes | #505 |
| 3hd | #505 |
| 5 hydroxytryptophan | #507 |
| ketoacid | #508 |
| acid metabolites | #509 |
| fatal complication | #510 |
| gene therapy treatment | #510 |
| medulla oblongata | #511 |
| histamine h1 receptors | #511 |
| increased icp | #511 |
| discrete brain regions | #511 |
| exposure rats | #515 |
| acids amino | #516 |
| abnormal metabolism | #517 |
| major feature | #517 |
| humans neurons | #518 |
| chain acyl | #518 |
| concentrations 5 | #521 |
| ltrp | #523 |
| neurochemistry | #523 |
| inflammation mediators | #525 |
| toxic agents | #526 |
| brain female | #530 |
| rat hippocampal slices | #530 |
| aom | #531 |
| receptor complex | #533 |
| agents dopamine | #533 |
| dawley receptors | #533 |
| muscle loss | #534 |
| 100 µg | #534 |
| neurotoxins | #534 |
| ligation bdl | #534 |
| focal cerebral | #534 |
| combined actions | #535 |
| cerebellum cerebral | #536 |
| bdz | #537 |
| divalent metals | #538 |
| carroll | #539 |
| selective | #539 |
| severe liver disease | #539 |
| alcoholic cirrhosis | #539 |
| tipss | #540 |
| tyrosine nitration | #541 |
| hydroxymethylbilane | #541 |
| brain astrocytes | #542 |
| moderate drinking | #542 |
| moderate increase | #543 |
| pyruvate oxidation | #544 |
| aspartate | #544 |
| portasystemic | #544 |
| organic osmolytes | #545 |
| liver enzyme | #545 |
| chronic liver | #545 |
| energy metabolism | #546 |
| model hepatic | #547 |
| unanesthetized rats | #548 |
| nitrosative stress | #548 |
| cumene | #548 |
| dissected | #548 |
| unconjugated bilirubin | #549 |
| alpha1 alpha2 | #549 |
| thalamic lesions | #550 |
| taurine levels | #551 |
| brain region | #551 |
| genes brain | #553 |
| fatigue patients | #553 |
| glutamatergic neurotransmission | #554 |
| brain cytokines | #554 |
| water ammonia | #555 |
| increased uptake | #555 |
| nmda receptor antagonist | #556 |
| disease liver | #557 |
| failure liver | #558 |
| rats bile | #558 |
| gabaergic gaba | #563 |
| microdialysate | #563 |
| levels hepatic | #563 |
| cortex female humans | #564 |
| hydroxytryptophan | #564 |
| microglial response | #566 |
| serum bilirubin levels | #567 |
| mhe patients | #567 |
| malnutrition patients | #567 |
| ischemia liver | #568 |
| established role | #568 |
| transient increase | #569 |
| autoradiographic | #569 |
| lhistidine | #569 |
| neurotransmitter glutamate | #571 |
| neurologic signs | #573 |
| gaba | #574 |
| pathway brain | #574 |
| decarboxylase gad | #576 |
| outcome liver | #577 |
| octopamine | #577 |
| expression mrnas | #578 |
| il1beta expression | #578 |
| apap induced | #578 |
| liver pathology | #580 |
| oxobutanoate | #580 |
| biogenic monoamines | #581 |
| increases blood | #582 |
| octanoic | #582 |
| pyridinium compounds | #582 |
| histological lesions | #583 |
| brain metabolism | #583 |
| 5hydroxytryptophan | #584 |
| neurobehavioral effects | #588 |
| monoamine oxidases | #589 |
| edema formation | #589 |
| bloodbrain barrier | #589 |
| human spinal | #590 |
| activity brain | #591 |
| 13c nuclear | #592 |
| toxic levels | #593 |
| accompanying | #593 |
| pathophysiological mechanisms | #594 |
| endogenous opioid | #594 |
| catalytic sites | #594 |
| t1weighted imaging | #597 |
| highenergy phosphates | #598 |
| aminobutyric acid gaba | #599 |
| extracellular fluid | #600 |
| leigh disease | #601 |
| neuroglial | #601 |
| include | #601 |
| neuronal nitric | #601 |
| 3hcholine | #602 |
| taurine | #602 |
| largest increases | #604 |
| male nitric | #606 |
| methyltyrosines | #606 |
| glutamine humans | #607 |
| vermis | #608 |
| extracellular compartment | #608 |
| acetyl | #609 |
| cirrhosis | #609 |
| molecular studies | #609 |
| cortical slices | #610 |
| male metabolism | #610 |
| ammonia concentration | #612 |
| ventricular enlargement | #612 |
| friedreich ataxia | #612 |
| animals autoradiography | #614 |
| spraguedawley receptors | #615 |
| neurovascular unit | #615 |
| axonopathy | #616 |
| microglial | #616 |
| selective accumulation | #616 |
| artery ligation | #618 |
| tricarboxylic | #618 |
| c57bl6 mice | #618 |
| normothermic | #619 |
| increased expression genes | #620 |
| mammillary | #620 |
| acidic protein | #621 |
| junction proteins | #624 |
| controls addition | #624 |
| hippocampal slices | #625 |
| oxidase mao | #625 |
| new approaches | #625 |
| amino acid concentrations | #626 |
| semi quantitative | #626 |
| edema brain | #627 |
| nimesulide | #628 |
| hepatic levels | #628 |
| experimental animal model | #628 |
| clf | #629 |
| dbi | #629 |
| free radical formation | #630 |
| neurobehavior | #631 |
| blood borne | #631 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate dheas | #633 |
| ataxia | #634 |
| urea synthesis | #635 |
| allosteric interactions | #635 |
| dopamine striatum | #635 |
| contributory role | #635 |
| encephalopathies | #636 |
| neurological damage | #637 |
| harper | #638 |
| levels observed | #638 |
| neuroinflammation | #638 |
| astrocyte cultures | #638 |
| cerebellum | #639 |
| conduction velocities | #640 |
| deleterious effects | #640 |
| rats glucose | #641 |
| acid hippocampus | #643 |
| receptor densities | #644 |
| excitatory inhibitory | #645 |
| neuronal excitability | #645 |
| early role | #646 |
| nntetraacetic acid | #647 |
| frontal temporal | #647 |
| chronic exposure | #647 |
| desoxycorticosterone | #652 |
| matsumoto | #652 |
| excitatory amino | #653 |
| branched chain | #653 |
| cytokines tnf | #654 |
| tricarbonyl | #655 |
| gabaa gaba | #656 |
| 1400w | #657 |
| mental state | #657 |
| acid transporter | #659 |
| enos gene | #659 |
| dawley sodium | #661 |
| potential toxic effects | #662 |
| cerebral cortex | #663 |
| uptake release | #664 |
| metabolic basis | #665 |
| 3hspiperone | #665 |
| fibrillary acidic | #666 |
| cycle enzymes | #668 |
| heterogeneous distribution | #669 |
| cogent | #670 |
| inhibitory properties | #673 |
| minocycline treatment | #673 |
| potassium concentration | #675 |
| metabolism rats | #675 |
| 7ni | #678 |
| 7nitroindazole | #679 |
| evoked release | #682 |
| neuropathological | #683 |
| reduction expression | #683 |
| regional specificity | #684 |
| ammonia treatment | #684 |
| millimolar | #684 |
| excitatory | #684 |
| ornithine | #684 |
| gammaaminobutyric acid | #685 |
| frontal cortex hippocampus | #686 |
| spraguedawley | #688 |
| cerebral atrophy | #688 |
| microg m3 | #688 |
| protein tspo | #691 |
| fulminant | #695 |
| ca1 pyramidal cells | #695 |
| hepatic damage | #695 |
| brain regions | #695 |
| acetylcysteine animals | #697 |
| daily administration | #697 |
| synthase nnos | #698 |
| extrapyramidal | #698 |
| enzyme complex | #699 |
| brain disorders | #700 |
| bcaas | #700 |
| blood‐brain barrier | #701 |
| immunolabeling | #701 |
| ammonia production | #703 |
| normoglycemic | #703 |
| autophagy markers | #704 |
| rats dawley receptors | #705 |
| ethanol ingestion | #706 |
| quinolinic | #706 |
| acetylcysteine nac | #709 |
| cornerstone | #711 |
| glut1 expression | #714 |
| cortex rats | #715 |
| reductions | #719 |
| phenylbutyrate | #723 |
| bmax values | #723 |
| surgical samples | #724 |
| 6 day | #724 |
| nutritional status patients | #725 |
| acute hepatic | #726 |
| ketoglutaric | #729 |
| serotoninergic | #730 |
| contribute | #730 |
| expression isoforms | #736 |
| intensive study | #737 |
| piribedil | #740 |
| fluorimetric detection | #741 |
| mm nacl | #742 |
| ligation liver | #744 |
| dopaminergic function | #745 |
| biochemical alterations | #746 |
| cerebellar granule | #746 |
| methylglucose | #747 |
| tight junction | #748 |
| glucose oxidation | #749 |
| male microdialysis | #749 |
| choline acetyltransferase chat | #752 |
| cytochrome oxidase activity | #753 |
| scatchard analysis | #754 |
| alterations | #754 |
| illness terminology | #756 |
| portasystemic shunt | #757 |
| glutamate glu | #757 |
| delta receptors opioid | #758 |
| alcoholism animals | #760 |
| ergic | #761 |
| varying degrees | #762 |
| substantial evidence | #763 |
| ammonium chloride | #763 |
| opioid delta receptors | #764 |
| tryptamines | #764 |
| neutron activation analysis | #765 |
| levels 5 | #768 |
| normal liver function | #769 |
| excitotoxic | #769 |
| gdh | #769 |
| barrier permeability | #770 |
| control genes | #773 |
| newborn astrocytes | #774 |
| peripheral organs | #775 |
| cellular energy metabolism | #776 |
| ethanol consumption | #777 |
| increased blood | #778 |
| brain gene | #780 |
| species reactive | #783 |
| hepatic dysfunction | #783 |
| receptor function | #784 |
| mnsod | #785 |
| cortex thalamus | #785 |
| methods principal findings | #785 |
| messenger rats | #786 |
| glut1 | #786 |
| nakatpase | #787 |
| globus pallidus | #787 |
| early alterations | #789 |
| brain function | #790 |
| spraguedawley receptors messenger | #791 |
| major route | #791 |
| probenecid | #791 |
| 2 fold | #792 |
| glyceraldehyde3 phosphate | #792 |
| specific ligands | #793 |
| hypothermia treatment | #793 |
| rat cerebral | #795 |
| typical cases | #796 |
| selective effects | #796 |
| plasma clearance | #797 |
| ethanol solution | #797 |
| neuronal integrity | #799 |
| severity liver | #799 |
| nitroarginine | #801 |
| pertinence | #805 |
| hiaa | #806 |
| nh4cl | #807 |
| neurotoxic effects | #807 |
| ultimately | #807 |
| pyruvate metabolism | #808 |
| mrna protein | #809 |
| chat | #811 |
| acute brain injury | #812 |
| predilection | #812 |
| role astrocytes | #812 |
| enos mice | #815 |
| update | #816 |
| coma | #816 |
| glycolytic activity | #819 |
| cerebellar granule cells | #820 |
| nmethyldaspartate | #822 |
| pbc patients | #823 |
| eaat1 | #823 |
| iii groups | #824 |
| complete disappearance | #825 |
| pathogenesis treatment | #825 |
| edema | #826 |
| age matched | #826 |
| alzheimer type | #828 |
| atomic absorption spectrometry | #828 |
| nitrite nitrate | #829 |
| synthesis rates | #829 |
| glial | #830 |
| neurons astrocytes | #831 |
| water homeostasis | #831 |
| diseases alcoholic | #832 |
| alcoholics | #832 |
| eaat2 | #833 |
| monoamine | #834 |
| decreases | #835 |
| manifested | #836 |
| operated rats | #837 |
| pathophysiological | #837 |
| explain | #838 |
| amino3 | #838 |
| animal cell | #839 |
| oligonucleotide primers | #839 |
| treatment improvement | #841 |
| metabolic disorder | #842 |
| expression ho1 | #843 |
| cell loss | #845 |
| isotopomer | #846 |
| hypothermia patients | #846 |
| cfos cjun | #848 |
| pharmacokinetic analyses | #849 |
| oblongata | #849 |
| chronic alcohol consumption | #851 |
| gaba receptors | #852 |
| receptor mediated | #853 |
| nmda receptor | #853 |
| matched age | #854 |
| daily injections | #854 |
| consequence | #856 |
| glutamatergic | #856 |
| compromised | #857 |
| bbb integrity | #858 |
| aromatic amino acids | #861 |
| griess | #861 |
| order role | #862 |
| alcoholic | #862 |
| hepatic disease | #862 |
| continues | #863 |
| antioxidant action | #863 |
| thalamic nuclei | #866 |
| inflammatory mechanisms | #866 |
| early induction | #867 |
| cerebellar ataxia | #867 |
| normalizes | #869 |
| manifest | #870 |
| chronic liver disease | #871 |
| oxide rats | #872 |
| fpc | #874 |
| succimer | #877 |
| low risk bias | #880 |
| nmda receptor antagonists | #881 |
| barrier bbb | #882 |
| cisterna magna | #882 |
| greater susceptibility | #882 |
| excitatory amino acid | #882 |
| stimulated release | #887 |
| western cells | #890 |
| dehydrogenase | #890 |
| comatose | #890 |
| multinuclear | #891 |
| shamoperated animals | #891 |
| cultured hippocampal | #892 |
| nutritional intervention | #893 |
| interfere | #893 |
| mutant mouse | #894 |
| lipoamide | #897 |
| neuropsychiatric symptoms | #898 |
| exp | #899 |
| acetaminophen apap | #900 |
| common death | #901 |
| dizocilpine maleate | #901 |
| sulfoximine | #901 |
| cirrhosis pbc | #902 |
| lowering | #904 |
| neurons rna | #904 |
| experimental animal | #905 |
| quinolinic acid | #905 |
| pcs | #907 |
| autopsy brain | #907 |
| brain activities | #908 |
| factor tumor | #912 |
| acid animals | #912 |
| colliculus | #913 |
| selective ligands | #913 |
| pathophysiology | #913 |
| placebo intervention | #919 |
| publication acidosis | #919 |
| microdialysis study | #920 |
| cerebellar degeneration | #920 |
| rat cortical | #922 |
| liver homogenates | #922 |
| delta receptors | #924 |
| survival mice | #926 |
| urea cycle | #929 |
| striatum hippocampus | #930 |
| nacetylcysteine | #931 |
| pugh | #931 |
| microglial activation | #932 |
| findings evidence | #932 |
| hydroxy2di | #933 |
| activities enzymes | #936 |
| reaction water | #942 |
| developing rat brain | #942 |
| tartrates | #942 |
| hepatic diseases | #942 |
| study liver | #943 |
| rats exposed | #943 |
| mammalian cns | #943 |
| injured liver | #943 |
| agents oxidative | #943 |
| rapid removal | #945 |
| marked | #945 |
| pca | #948 |
| maladies | #949 |
| cirrhosis magnetic | #950 |
| 25mm | #951 |
| concentrations observed | #954 |
| spontaneous release | #957 |
| altered | #962 |
| spraguedawley receptors rats | #963 |
| detailed review | #964 |
| assay rats | #967 |
| putamen | #967 |
| humans hypothermia | #969 |
| translocator protein | #969 |
| moderate hypothermia | #970 |
| acid transport | #971 |
| chronic liver diseases | #971 |
| cerebral glucose | #971 |
| intermediary metabolism | #971 |
| increased glycolysis | #971 |
| nm range | #973 |
| autoradiographic study | #974 |
| aspartic acid | #979 |
| kidney heart | #979 |
| post translational modifications | #980 |
| neurological disease | #983 |
| occludin | #984 |
| oxygenase1 ho1 | #988 |
| effective measures | #990 |
| pdh | #990 |
| 9 mice mice | #990 |
| aquaporin4 | #991 |
| cirrhosis experimental | #991 |
| rats ethanol | #992 |
| brain oedema | #992 |
| spared | #993 |
| increased plasma | #993 |
| propylaminotetralin | #998 |
| damage mechanisms | #999 |
| role oxidative stress | #1006 |
| adaptive mechanisms | #1006 |
| flunitrazepam | #1008 |
| soluble guanylyl | #1008 |
| uptake kinetics | #1008 |
| cerebro | #1009 |
| rifaximin | #1009 |
| metabolic consequences | #1010 |
| rat brain | #1012 |
| neurotoxic | #1013 |
| progressing | #1013 |
| modulatory | #1015 |
| presymptomatic | #1015 |
| electrified | #1016 |
| fulminant hepatic | #1016 |
| publication amino acids | #1017 |
| ligands receptors | #1019 |
| animal models | #1020 |
| unsuspected | #1020 |
| abundant evidence | #1020 |
| 1h | #1023 |
| acids bcaa | #1023 |
| pallidus humans | #1024 |
| antioxidant anti | #1029 |
| astrocyte | #1030 |
| metabolism inborn | #1031 |
| microsomes | #1032 |
| tele | #1032 |
| etanercept treatment | #1034 |
| 7 hours | #1036 |
| muscle expression | #1038 |
| catalepsy | #1039 |
| interleukin1beta | #1041 |
| nutritional assessment | #1043 |
| monoamine oxidase | #1045 |
| pharmacology | #1048 |
| gabaergic | #1050 |
| aqp4 | #1050 |
| acid decarboxylase | #1050 |
| major factor | #1053 |
| caudate nucleus | #1053 |
| endogenous | #1055 |
| aquaporin 4 | #1056 |
| specific antagonist | #1057 |
| hepatolenticular | #1057 |
| synthetase | #1058 |
| involved pathogenesis | #1058 |
| frontoparietal cortex | #1060 |
| adaptive mechanism | #1060 |
| oxygenase1 | #1064 |
| gabaa receptors | #1066 |
| progression liver | #1067 |
| 5ht neurons | #1067 |
| sodium acetate | #1072 |
| rat hepatocytes | #1075 |
| efficacy treatment | #1075 |
| reflex | #1077 |
| membrane preparations | #1077 |
| inflammation infection | #1078 |
| glucose blotting | #1080 |
| accompanies | #1081 |
| gilles | #1083 |
| enzyme activities | #1083 |
| 34dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | #1085 |
| nonneuronal | #1086 |
| content increased | #1090 |
| complex carbohydrates | #1092 |
| lactate concentrations | #1092 |
| major players | #1095 |
| muscle brain | #1097 |
| radioligand assay | #1098 |
| intense staining | #1099 |
| awaiting | #1099 |
| rat primary | #1101 |
| baptaam | #1102 |
| normal physiological conditions | #1106 |
| cell culture studies | #1107 |
| tpp | #1107 |
| junction protein | #1108 |
| medial septum | #1109 |
| 5 mm | #1111 |
| hyperintensity | #1111 |
| assay receptors | #1113 |
| human brain tissue | #1116 |
| patients alzheimers disease | #1117 |
| inflammation role | #1117 |
| cirrhotics | #1118 |
| atrophy brain | #1122 |
| severe malnutrition | #1122 |
| ischemic core | #1127 |
| sprague | #1128 |
| findings role | #1129 |
| cirrhosis male | #1129 |
| astrocytes | #1130 |
| transient elevation | #1131 |
| amino acids | #1134 |
| tetrabenazine | #1135 |
| weight brain | #1137 |
| age controls | #1138 |
| diagonal band | #1139 |
| haloperidol humans | #1142 |
| oxide synthase | #1143 |
| receptors histamine | #1145 |
| hepatobiliary | #1146 |
| pyruvate | #1148 |
| nonepileptic | #1153 |
| lactic acidosis | #1153 |
| worsens | #1153 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate | #1154 |
| control tissue | #1157 |
| altered brain | #1162 |
| biogenic amines | #1163 |
| cresyl | #1166 |
| portosystemic | #1167 |
| h1 | #1168 |
| benzilate | #1171 |
| combustion products | #1172 |
| emax | #1173 |
| enzymologic | #1174 |
| lactate | #1177 |
| etanercept | #1179 |
| rats subjected | #1180 |
| parkinsonian symptoms | #1181 |
| peripheral tissues | #1182 |
| glutamate dehydrogenase | #1182 |
| nerve conduction | #1183 |
| rats receptors | #1185 |
| nnos | #1185 |
| urine levels | #1186 |
| principally | #1189 |
| mechanisms involved | #1191 |
| cardinal features | #1192 |
| synaptic cleft | #1192 |
| hyperintensities | #1193 |
| delta opioid | #1196 |
| causal factor | #1197 |
| rapid onset | #1198 |
| gabaa receptor | #1199 |
| transcriptase polymerase | #1201 |
| venous blood | #1204 |
| dopamine uptake | #1205 |
| dawley | #1205 |
| acetyl cysteine | #1207 |
| death cells | #1207 |
| hepatolenticular degeneration | #1209 |
| development brain | #1211 |
| increasing body | #1214 |
| direct effects | #1216 |
| stereotypy | #1218 |
| binding inhibitor | #1220 |
| radiometric | #1220 |
| brains mice | #1220 |
| pig model | #1221 |
| 5htp | #1222 |
| nmethyld | #1223 |
| fold increase | #1224 |
| neuropsychological impairment | #1226 |
| skeletal rats rats | #1226 |
| mitochondrial swelling | #1228 |
| wilson disease | #1229 |
| deprenyl | #1229 |
| transjugular | #1229 |
| 100 iu | #1232 |
| circadian rhythmicity | #1234 |
| severity assessment | #1234 |
| cultured rat | #1234 |
| hippocampus vitro | #1236 |
| nakatpase activity | #1239 |
| hyperexcitability | #1239 |
| spraguedawley receptors opioid | #1239 |
| congenitally | #1241 |
| hypermetabolism | #1242 |
| glyceraldehyde3 | #1242 |
| brain axis | #1246 |
| partial recovery | #1251 |
| elucidation | #1252 |
| kinetics male | #1253 |
| receptors neurotransmitter | #1254 |
| sprague dawley | #1255 |
| convincing evidence | #1258 |
| methyl aspartate | #1259 |
| gabaa | #1260 |
| albumen | #1261 |
| 5hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #1261 |
| clinical entities | #1262 |
| hippocampus striatum | #1262 |
| acetylcysteine | #1262 |
| myoinositol | #1264 |
| overactivation | #1270 |
| astroglial | #1271 |
| 1h 13c | #1271 |
| olfactory bulbs | #1273 |
| rats expression | #1276 |
| maleate | #1276 |
| vicious | #1281 |
| milligram | #1281 |
| apoenzyme | #1281 |
| congenital | #1281 |
| variable degree | #1282 |
| glutamate decarboxylase | #1287 |
| loss expression | #1288 |
| patients tle | #1288 |
| induced inhibition | #1289 |
| brain inflammation | #1290 |
| acid male | #1291 |
| metabolite | #1291 |
| acid cycle | #1291 |
| cortex kidney | #1292 |
| quisqualate | #1294 |
| ischemia cerebral | #1295 |
| radioreceptor | #1296 |
| rifamycins | #1296 |
| deficient | #1297 |
| dawley animals | #1297 |
| protective | #1297 |
| zinc concentrations | #1300 |
| permeability blood | #1301 |
| synaptosomes | #1302 |
| potential therapeutic approach | #1305 |
| frontoparietal | #1306 |
| opioid delta | #1308 |
| 7 males | #1308 |
| caveolin1 | #1310 |
| neuronal dysfunction | #1310 |
| 5mm | #1314 |
| liver | #1314 |
| heme oxygenase1 | #1316 |
| greater magnitude | #1317 |
| adrenals | #1318 |
| 35°c | #1319 |
| threefold | #1320 |
| receptors methyl | #1321 |
| invariably | #1324 |
| neurotransmission | #1325 |
| dopamine serotonin | #1328 |
| nanomolar | #1328 |
| guanylyl | #1329 |
| appearance | #1329 |
| animal electrophoresis | #1334 |
| major complication | #1334 |
| signaling mechanisms | #1335 |
| acetyltransferase | #1337 |
| phosphate dehydrogenase | #1344 |
| cerebellum hippocampus | #1344 |
| astrocytes cells | #1346 |
| cgmp pathway | #1349 |
| heavy drinkers | #1350 |
| transporter proteins | #1352 |
| brain effects | #1358 |
| neuronal | #1361 |
| dopamine female | #1361 |
| interleukin1 receptors | #1364 |
| female globus | #1364 |
| shunt tips | #1368 |
| male rats rats | #1369 |
| hypoglycaemic | #1375 |
| small decrease | #1378 |
| fur | #1380 |
| electrolyte balance | #1381 |
| aromatic amino | #1383 |
| bile duct ligation | #1386 |
| synergism | #1387 |
| chelation therapy | #1387 |
| nitrated | #1388 |
| gaba agonists | #1389 |
| ca2independent | #1392 |
| preliminary studies | #1394 |
| neurological sequelae | #1395 |
| transamination | #1396 |
| occipital cortex | #1401 |
| intrauterine growth | #1402 |
| immediateearly genes | #1403 |
| guanylate | #1409 |
| pallidus | #1409 |
| larginine | #1412 |
| selectively | #1416 |
| cerebral | #1417 |
| patients findings | #1425 |
| paper details | #1426 |
| normo | #1427 |
| mutant strains | #1429 |
| acute brain | #1433 |
| motor nerve | #1441 |
| paralleled | #1444 |
| shamoperated | #1445 |
| childpugh score | #1450 |
| common approaches | #1450 |
| risk falls | #1451 |
| mitochondrial membranes | #1451 |
| peripheral | #1452 |
| longer wavelength | #1453 |
| hypoglycaemia | #1455 |
| intraventricular injections | #1456 |
| effective prevention | #1456 |
| benzodiazepinones | #1459 |
| clonazepam | #1460 |
| modulatory effects | #1462 |
| hydroxydopamines | #1465 |
| studies brain | #1471 |
| quinuclidinyl | #1472 |
| swelling | #1477 |
| brain tissues | #1479 |
| patients liver disease | #1481 |
| saturable | #1482 |
| 23390 | #1485 |
| 13c | #1485 |
| deficiency | #1486 |
| excitatory neurotransmission | #1488 |
| characteristic | #1488 |
| gfap | #1491 |
| dopamine agents | #1499 |
| messenger rats rats | #1504 |
| neuroprotective role | #1505 |
| histological studies | #1509 |
| primary concern | #1509 |
| bilirubin levels | #1509 |
| volume regulation | #1512 |
| increases | #1512 |
| cortex striatum | #1513 |
| primary biliary cirrhosis | #1514 |
| receptor subunits | #1515 |
| herniation | #1516 |
| liver disease | #1519 |
| rat cerebral cortex | #1519 |
| 1h magnetic | #1523 |
| integrity | #1525 |
| glutamic acid decarboxylase | #1525 |
| tyrosine residues | #1527 |
| branched | #1530 |
| tk | #1532 |
| temporal profile | #1539 |
| increased capacity | #1541 |
| transport animals | #1546 |
| brain homogenates | #1547 |
| apomorphine | #1548 |
| acetylcarnitine | #1548 |
| cholinergic | #1549 |
| vitamins minerals | #1550 |
| tricarboxylic acid | #1551 |
| wistar receptors rats | #1552 |
| lactulose | #1554 |
| pathological hallmark | #1557 |
| regional differences | #1557 |
| neurochemical | #1559 |
| lactate levels | #1561 |
| cirrhosis liver | #1564 |
| reflexes | #1566 |
| pathological mechanisms | #1567 |
| extracellular | #1568 |
| neurotransmitters | #1572 |
| poor diet | #1575 |
| major forms | #1579 |
| brain cerebral | #1580 |
| light energy | #1584 |
| biliary cirrhosis | #1584 |
| scad | #1584 |
| epilepsy tle | #1585 |
| tryptophan | #1585 |
| brain cell | #1586 |
| patients review | #1589 |
| ependymal cells | #1591 |
| ngnitrolarginine methyl ester | #1592 |
| new findings | #1594 |
| lesser extent | #1595 |
| pyruvate carboxylase | #1596 |
| aspartate nmda | #1598 |
| llysine | #1600 |
| pbc | #1601 |
| rat hippocampus | #1602 |
| mri signal | #1605 |
| specific therapies | #1606 |
| brain slices | #1606 |
| ouabain | #1615 |
| tdp | #1615 |
| travelled | #1618 |
| unanesthetized | #1623 |
| anastomosis | #1626 |
| acute mice | #1627 |
| neuroglia neurons | #1629 |
| deficient diet | #1631 |
| failure mechanisms | #1633 |
| receptor human | #1635 |
| prevents | #1637 |
| zinc copper | #1640 |
| cerebellar | #1641 |
| tritium | #1642 |
| dorsal raphe nucleus | #1646 |
| regulation animals | #1647 |
| male membrane glycoproteins | #1648 |
| died | #1650 |
| experimental treatment | #1651 |
| animals cerebral | #1651 |
| brain endothelial | #1652 |
| synthase nitric | #1653 |
| neuromodulatory | #1653 |
| amino acid transport | #1654 |
| glutamate receptors | #1657 |
| distribution animals | #1657 |
| fourfold | #1658 |
| extracellular space | #1660 |
| excitotoxicity | #1661 |
| rapid accumulation | #1664 |
| bbb disruption | #1664 |
| gapdh | #1667 |
| striking similarities | #1667 |
| supporting cells | #1669 |
| autoradiography | #1673 |
| previous findings | #1674 |
| synthetase activity | #1675 |
| messenger | #1677 |
| veratrum | #1688 |
| brain area | #1691 |
| dehydrogenase deficiency | #1694 |
| diseases metabolic | #1696 |
| glycogen metabolism | #1701 |
| brainstem | #1704 |
| midbrain | #1708 |
| postulated | #1708 |
| thp | #1710 |
| accumulate | #1716 |
| fulminant hepatic failure | #1723 |
| ibotenic | #1723 |
| dizocilpine | #1724 |
| inborn | #1724 |
| polyclonal antibody | #1725 |
| benzodiazepines | #1726 |
| phenomenon | #1726 |
| il1beta | #1733 |
| alternative mechanism | #1734 |
| animals arginine | #1735 |
| carnitine | #1735 |
| cumene hydroperoxide | #1737 |
| noninvasive techniques | #1737 |
| disorders nervous | #1739 |
| decarboxylase | #1750 |
| normalization | #1756 |
| alternative hypothesis | #1757 |
| liver disease patients | #1757 |
| magna | #1759 |
| consequent | #1760 |
| tricarboxylic acid cycle | #1761 |
| c57bl6 | #1762 |
| shunts | #1762 |
| spiperone | #1763 |
| metabolism glucose | #1769 |
| intrahepatic portosystemic | #1770 |
| allosteric | #1770 |
| critical appraisal | #1773 |
| betaamyloid | #1781 |
| granule neurons | #1785 |
| acetaminophen induced | #1788 |
| muscarinic | #1789 |
| cell damage | #1790 |
| rats spraguedawley receptors | #1791 |
| brain damage | #1791 |
| adult rat brain | #1794 |
| normothermia | #1794 |
| body temperature | #1794 |
| glucose utilization | #1797 |
| common complication | #1799 |
| nmr study | #1802 |
| ampa receptors | #1806 |
| superfusion | #1810 |
| preliminary investigation | #1812 |
| primary metabolism | #1813 |
| major organs | #1815 |
| nutritional supplements | #1815 |
| coa dehydrogenase | #1815 |
| endorphin | #1817 |
| oxazepam | #1822 |
| pyruvic | #1822 |
| rat | #1829 |
| hypertension intracranial | #1832 |
| dorsal raphe | #1833 |
| hippocampal ca1 | #1834 |
| hepatic failure | #1835 |
| vmax values | #1836 |
| major roles | #1837 |
| bdl | #1839 |
| mild | #1840 |
| reuptake | #1843 |
| neurological deterioration | #1844 |
| compared controls | #1845 |
| granule cells | #1846 |
| metalloproteinase9 | #1847 |
| γaminobutyric acid | #1849 |
| toxins | #1850 |
| regulatory processes | #1854 |
| capillary gas chromatography | #1856 |
| chronic alcohol | #1857 |
| ammonium compounds | #1857 |
| monoaminergic | #1862 |
| cirrhotic rats | #1863 |
| liver transplantation patients | #1865 |
| body water | #1865 |
| caudate | #1868 |
| cholinergic neurons | #1872 |
| stroke outcome | #1876 |
| lactate production | #1877 |
| immunoreactivities | #1877 |
| platelets patients | #1882 |
| disorder treatment | #1886 |
| neurotoxicity syndromes | #1886 |
| glutamate release | #1886 |
| beta endorphin | #1892 |
| acute | #1900 |
| locomotor activity | #1902 |
| hepatoprotective | #1903 |
| common feature | #1904 |
| induced liver | #1906 |
| atp adp | #1913 |
| induced rats | #1917 |
| cirrhosis biliary | #1919 |
| penicillamine | #1920 |
| stereotyped | #1920 |
| colorimetric assay | #1921 |
| rodent models | #1923 |
| patients cirrhosis | #1923 |
| grossly | #1925 |
| dipeptides | #1930 |
| behavioral abnormalities | #1932 |
| precipitated | #1934 |
| tspo | #1935 |
| nitration | #1937 |
| areas brain | #1941 |
| patients aids | #1944 |
| neurocognitive impairment | #1945 |
| major metabolite | #1952 |
| major site | #1957 |
| synthase | #1958 |
| dpat | #1961 |
| concomitant | #1962 |
| cerebral metabolism | #1965 |
| normal dogs | #1965 |
| acid synthesis | #1966 |
| acid transporters | #1966 |
| spectroscopy male | #1968 |
| manganese superoxide dismutase | #1970 |
| 5hydroxytryptamine | #1977 |
| druginduced liver injury | #1977 |
| nmethyldaspartate receptors | #1977 |
| globus | #1977 |
| 28 weeks | #1981 |
| mice compared | #1981 |
| degeneration humans | #1986 |
| potassium exchanging | #1987 |
| erk1 | #1990 |
| duct ligation | #1991 |
| neurologic symptoms | #1991 |
| cognitive dysfunction | #1991 |
| idazoxan | #1993 |
| ideal model | #1994 |
| oxotremorine | #1994 |
| 5 ht | #1996 |
| recirculating | #1997 |
| primary biliary | #2000 |
| radioligand | #2001 |
| 2fold increase | #2006 |
| mk801 | #2007 |
| ampa receptor | #2015 |
| heterogeneously | #2017 |
| cerebellar cortex | #2019 |
| overactivity | #2020 |
| injury mice | #2022 |
| arterio | #2023 |
| pet imaging | #2028 |
| glucose brain | #2034 |
| microdialysis | #2036 |
| sham rats | #2036 |
| aminoacids | #2036 |
| neurologic complications | #2036 |
| sham | #2040 |
| osmolytes | #2041 |
| peroneal nerve | #2041 |
| resonance nmr | #2043 |
| exchanging atpase | #2043 |
| cyclase | #2046 |
| cerebri | #2046 |
| pathogenetic mechanisms | #2047 |
| passive diffusion | #2050 |
| suggested | #2053 |
| groups iii | #2063 |
| decreased activity | #2064 |
| tracings | #2064 |
| 10 12 | #2068 |
| dawley rats | #2069 |
| convulsants | #2071 |
| stage liver | #2072 |
| vivo brain | #2074 |
| elucidated | #2077 |
| tumor necrosis factoralpha | #2079 |
| penumbra | #2080 |
| biochemical parameters | #2082 |
| deficit | #2084 |
| acetates | #2087 |
| transjugular intrahepatic | #2089 |
| trace amounts | #2090 |
| international society | #2094 |
| autopsy | #2098 |
| ensuing | #2103 |
| zo1 | #2106 |
| solely | #2108 |
| atrophies | #2109 |
| p0018 | #2111 |
| portal pressure | #2117 |
| nitric oxide synthesis | #2117 |
| chp | #2121 |
| parallel | #2121 |
| synthase type | #2125 |
| neurological manifestations | #2141 |
| ligase | #2142 |
| exception | #2143 |
| synergistically | #2143 |
| brain barrier | #2148 |
| subsequent degradation | #2149 |
| indicative | #2150 |
| rats spraguedawley | #2158 |
| bmax | #2158 |
| time onset | #2158 |
| intracranial pressure | #2167 |
| amnestic | #2169 |
| male rat | #2170 |
| muscimol | #2173 |
| acute effects | #2178 |
| human patients | #2179 |
| neural inhibition | #2180 |
| gaa | #2180 |
| reactive nitrogen | #2187 |
| subchronic | #2189 |
| apap | #2194 |
| blood csf | #2194 |
| increasing recognition | #2200 |
| cox2 | #2203 |
| overt | #2205 |
| parkinsonism | #2209 |
| methysergide | #2212 |
| pressure icp | #2217 |
| homovanillic acid | #2217 |
| vitamin supplements | #2220 |
| hypothermic | #2223 |
| nitroarginine methyl | #2223 |
| brain cells | #2225 |
| function brain | #2230 |
| antiparkinson | #2232 |
| liver enzymes | #2238 |
| minocycline | #2242 |
| pss | #2244 |
| chelators | #2245 |
| neurological disorders | #2248 |
| humans liver | #2249 |
| diminution | #2262 |
| liver circulation | #2265 |
| symporters | #2265 |
| blood brain | #2265 |
| doubt | #2267 |
| nutritional deficiencies | #2268 |
| messenger systems | #2271 |
| gliosis | #2279 |
| behavior rats | #2280 |
| synaptic vesicles | #2297 |
| additional factors | #2297 |
| rats liver | #2299 |
| phosphate | #2300 |
| eeg activity | #2302 |
| acrylamides | #2303 |
| patients minimal | #2304 |
| isoxazolepropionic | #2307 |
| immunoreactive neurons | #2308 |
| superoxide dismutase | #2314 |
| tle | #2315 |
| memantine | #2320 |
| multiorgan failure | #2322 |
| cortex hippocampus | #2325 |
| brain expression | #2326 |
| cultured cerebral | #2327 |
| systemic inflammatory response | #2328 |
| primary cultures | #2328 |
| male nerve | #2330 |
| blindly | #2333 |
| hrqol patients | #2334 |
| housekeeping | #2336 |
| acidosis | #2338 |
| relative increase | #2338 |
| convincing | #2340 |
| scatchard | #2349 |
| lactates | #2359 |
| ligands | #2360 |
| binding assays | #2360 |
| olivary | #2362 |
| benzoic | #2364 |
| inbred strains | #2366 |
| patients increased | #2373 |
| endstage liver disease | #2376 |
| synaptic dysfunction | #2377 |
| voluntary | #2377 |
| competitive inhibitor | #2380 |
| clinical condition | #2391 |
| mental fatigue | #2392 |
| deficiencies | #2392 |
| potential adverse effects | #2393 |
| brains patients | #2401 |
| exchanging | #2401 |
| neurotoxin | #2406 |
| homovanillic | #2416 |
| lnmma | #2430 |
| induced brain | #2432 |
| protein mrna | #2433 |
| transporter 2 | #2443 |
| calcium binding | #2449 |
| cerebral metabolic | #2467 |
| extracellular levels | #2471 |
| 01 mm | #2473 |
| histamine receptor | #2483 |
| fluorescence detection | #2489 |
| peripheral inflammation | #2490 |
| adult male rats | #2491 |
| bbb | #2498 |
| receptors ampa | #2502 |
| synaptic function | #2508 |
| pathogenic role | #2509 |
| count cell | #2510 |
| effects alcohol | #2511 |
| pyridinium | #2513 |
| animal model | #2513 |
| activation microglia | #2514 |
| noxious stimuli | #2518 |
| hypotonia | #2524 |
| vmax | #2529 |
| 5ht | #2530 |
| physical conditioning | #2532 |
| nuclear magnetic | #2534 |
| dopac | #2534 |
| metabolic acidosis | #2541 |
| expression endothelial | #2563 |
| alcohol induced | #2566 |
| male matrix | #2571 |
| fmol | #2572 |
| humans ligands | #2573 |
| understanding pathophysiology | #2573 |
| alpha1 | #2577 |
| receptor density | #2577 |
| ataxias | #2577 |
| vessel walls | #2581 |
| postmortem brain | #2588 |
| microglia neurons | #2591 |
| mao | #2594 |
| multiple mechanisms | #2597 |
| acetylcholinesterase | #2598 |
| cerebrospinal | #2601 |
| groups subjects | #2608 |
| il1β il6 | #2619 |
| 10 microm | #2621 |
| possibility | #2621 |
| cognitive motor | #2623 |
| 15–30 | #2625 |
| greater extent | #2626 |
| methylaspartate | #2630 |
| normalisation | #2632 |
| nitrosation | #2635 |
| biochemical evidence | #2639 |
| deteriorating | #2640 |
| circulating concentrations | #2640 |
| day treatment | #2647 |
| activity rats | #2661 |
| thalamic | #2663 |
| transcriptase | #2663 |
| nitric | #2665 |
| katpase | #2665 |
| chc | #2665 |
| binding competitive | #2668 |
| glutathione levels | #2669 |
| olfactory bulb | #2669 |
| osmolar | #2683 |
| patients alcoholic | #2684 |
| guanylyl cyclase | #2685 |
| glial cell | #2686 |
| serotonin 5 | #2689 |
| effects ethanol | #2695 |
| indwelling | #2704 |
| rats control | #2705 |
| nerve terminals | #2705 |
| laboratory findings | #2710 |
| groups animals | #2715 |
| lactic | #2723 |
| situ nickend | #2733 |
| publication animals behavior | #2737 |
| frontal lobe | #2742 |
| hemodiafiltration | #2755 |
| suggests | #2760 |
| glutaminase | #2764 |
| functional integrity | #2767 |
| regions | #2769 |
| 6hydroxydopamine | #2771 |
| neurons animals | #2774 |
| kindred | #2775 |
| leucine | #2779 |
| turnover rate | #2779 |
| 24h | #2786 |
| systemic circulation | #2789 |
| glutamate receptor | #2789 |
| animal rats | #2790 |
| rhythmicity | #2798 |
| amino acid | #2798 |
| severity patients | #2806 |
| osmolar concentration | #2813 |
| inbred strains mice | #2814 |
| pontine | #2817 |
| exposed | #2821 |
| mechanisms | #2824 |
| hydroxy5 | #2826 |
| microglial cells | #2827 |
| p38mapk | #2831 |
| gastrointestinal agents | #2833 |
| regulation enzymologic | #2834 |
| neurological deficit | #2834 |
| minneapolis | #2835 |
| blood brain barrier | #2841 |
| brain calcium | #2847 |
| marked decrease | #2867 |
| bilirubin | #2876 |
| twofold increase | #2877 |
| amino | #2882 |
| alcoholic fatty | #2882 |
| nerve cells | #2883 |
| alanine | #2885 |
| synaptic | #2888 |
| diabetic animals | #2890 |
| ca2dependent | #2893 |
| pet study | #2897 |
| mmt | #2898 |
| trafficking | #2901 |
| kainate | #2903 |
| slices | #2905 |
| rigidity | #2905 |
| standpoint | #2906 |
| ameliorating | #2910 |
| confirming | #2918 |
| clinical syndrome | #2931 |
| cell volume | #2936 |
| dying | #2938 |
| normal control | #2938 |
| normal animals | #2939 |
| translocator | #2943 |
| subfield | #2943 |
| 12 weeks treatment | #2944 |
| receptors opioid | #2962 |
| impaired | #2964 |
| 11c | #2965 |
| assist devices | #2970 |
| astrocytes cell | #2971 |
| brain uptake | #2974 |
| inflammation liver | #2982 |
| unaffected | #2982 |
| excitatory synapses | #3000 |
| pyruvic acid | #3000 |
| intermediary | #3008 |
| normal values | #3015 |
| aquaporin | #3036 |
| uptake | #3039 |
| kainic | #3043 |
| barrier brain | #3047 |
| cox2 expression | #3051 |
| incubation medium | #3051 |
| ca1 pyramidal | #3053 |
| biliary obstruction | #3054 |
| weighted magnetic | #3069 |
| concert | #3073 |
| tmp | #3076 |
| portosystemic shunt | #3078 |
| metabolite concentrations | #3078 |
| harmful effects | #3082 |
| attenuation | #3083 |
| selegiline | #3086 |
| activated microglia | #3088 |
| reserpine | #3093 |
| liver injury | #3095 |
| cd1 | #3099 |
| catecholaminergic | #3109 |
| atp levels | #3111 |
| adult rats | #3113 |
| renal vein | #3115 |
| valine | #3133 |
| short halflife | #3136 |
| toxic effects | #3137 |
| relative roles | #3149 |
| decreased | #3156 |
| myo inositol | #3161 |
| higher doses | #3168 |
| animals binding | #3169 |
| dhea | #3171 |
| nmda | #3172 |
| loss | #3180 |
| carboxamide | #3189 |
| failure | #3192 |
| endorphins | #3192 |
| relation | #3194 |
| abruptly | #3195 |
| radical scavengers | #3198 |
| inhalation | #3199 |
| bcaa | #3199 |
| mental retardation | #3201 |
| enzymologic genes | #3209 |
| clinical presentations | #3210 |
| liver function | #3214 |
| ketanserin | #3214 |
| heavy drinking | #3218 |
| coenzymes | #3220 |
| noradrenaline | #3224 |
| imidodiphosphate | #3226 |
| active transport | #3232 |
| portal | #3235 |
| gad | #3238 |
| shortchain fatty acids | #3238 |
| acidic | #3243 |
| synaptic membranes | #3244 |
| pyrophosphate | #3248 |
| induced hepatic | #3252 |
| treated rats | #3256 |
| nitrogen species | #3267 |
| systemic | #3276 |
| oxidative metabolism | #3281 |
| respects | #3285 |
| induced seizures | #3287 |
| synaptosomal | #3291 |
| drug repositioning | #3296 |
| behavioral symptoms | #3300 |
| water electrolyte | #3306 |
| kcl | #3307 |
| cell death | #3311 |
| metabolic alterations | #3324 |
| anterolateral | #3326 |
| reverse | #3327 |
| metabolized | #3331 |
| nanomolar concentrations | #3335 |
| sedatives | #3342 |
| general circulation | #3344 |
| nac | #3347 |
| dab | #3352 |
| regionally | #3359 |
| rats received | #3359 |
| benzoates | #3360 |
| membrane transport | #3361 |
| dosedependent fashion | #3364 |
| aspartate receptors | #3366 |
| rats inbred | #3368 |
| subsequent studies | #3371 |
| phenylalanine | #3384 |
| cerebral ischemia | #3388 |
| opioid | #3388 |
| inbred strains receptors | #3389 |
| cortex | #3391 |
| robust evidence | #3394 |
| hydroxytryptamine | #3402 |
| tyrphostins | #3403 |
| galactosamine | #3404 |
| brain disease | #3407 |
| brain lesions | #3412 |
| falls | #3421 |
| disturbances | #3421 |
| progressive increase | #3423 |
| histamine | #3423 |
| ldopa | #3426 |
| quaternary ammonium | #3427 |
| morphologic | #3428 |
| transaminases | #3432 |
| gln | #3436 |
| decreased levels | #3437 |
| modulation | #3439 |
| levels liver | #3443 |
| indole3 | #3446 |
| superior colliculus | #3451 |
| epilepsy temporal | #3453 |
| toxic | #3455 |
| strains mice | #3456 |
| biogenic | #3458 |
| accumulates | #3462 |
| timecourse | #3467 |
| phosphocreatine | #3473 |
| rats rats | #3474 |
| indomethacin | #3480 |
| striatum | #3482 |
| developing rat | #3485 |
| upregulation | #3491 |
| glycine | #3492 |
| brain stem | #3495 |
| liver male | #3497 |
| subcortical structures | #3497 |
| electrochemical detection | #3499 |
| new evidence | #3499 |
| basal ganglia | #3500 |
| rat models | #3503 |
| lobe epilepsy | #3503 |
| previous observations | #3507 |
| aids patients | #3511 |
| huntington | #3515 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone | #3537 |
| aging brain | #3542 |
| rats treatment | #3545 |
| neurons oxidative | #3545 |
| kidney liver | #3555 |
| tyramine | #3558 |
| fold | #3563 |
| cytokines disease | #3576 |
| nerve degeneration | #3584 |
| tissue distribution | #3600 |
| inferior vena cava | #3600 |
| portal vein | #3600 |
| brain structure | #3613 |
| truncated 250 | #3627 |
| antioxidant properties | #3627 |
| pathology | #3635 |
| cofactor | #3636 |
| prolonged exposure | #3636 |
| hypertonic saline | #3638 |
| disease states | #3648 |
| implication | #3650 |
| increased activity | #3655 |
| hydroxydopamine | #3657 |
| precipitating | #3664 |
| ache | #3664 |
| fatty liver | #3666 |
| investigator | #3675 |
| circadian rhythms | #3680 |
| scavengers | #3682 |
| lobe | #3694 |
| splanchnic | #3699 |
| regional variation | #3700 |
| arginine | #3718 |
| proinflammatory cytokine | #3722 |
| new model | #3723 |
| medial | #3735 |
| thioacetamide | #3741 |
| cassette transporters | #3742 |
| treated animals | #3746 |
| induced neurotoxicity | #3751 |
| stress rats | #3755 |
| normal mice | #3758 |
| consensus statement | #3765 |
| dopamine d1 | #3773 |
| 4 wk | #3786 |
| 1968 | #3791 |
| parietal lobe | #3793 |
| acetylcholinesterase ache | #3799 |
| dietary protein | #3801 |
| mitochondrion | #3807 |
| finding | #3814 |
| major | #3815 |
| diazepam | #3825 |
| neural cell | #3825 |
| control animals | #3825 |
| resemble | #3833 |
| western blot analyses | #3838 |
| inborn errors | #3846 |
| systemically | #3846 |
| prefrontal | #3857 |
| effects chronic | #3872 |
| nmr spectroscopy | #3879 |
| malabsorption | #3896 |
| type nitric | #3897 |
| dopamine d1 receptors | #3899 |
| dopa | #3907 |
| enhanced production | #3909 |
| metabolic pathway | #3911 |
| elucidate | #3914 |
| levels measured | #3915 |
| nitric oxide production | #3919 |
| new therapeutic approaches | #3919 |
| tone | #3924 |
| pindolol | #3929 |
| peripheral neuropathy | #3937 |
| ascorbate | #3942 |
| csf | #3949 |
| reabsorption | #3949 |
| medulla | #3949 |
| wet weight | #3951 |
| tourette | #3975 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders | #3978 |
| purkinje cells | #3983 |
| antiinflammatory | #3987 |
| complication | #3992 |
| fatigue | #3992 |
| tca cycle | #4003 |
| pseudotumor | #4006 |
| brain activation | #4009 |
| day 5 | #4011 |
| treatment prevention | #4021 |
| transporter | #4026 |
| elevated blood | #4053 |
| nmda receptors | #4053 |
| bz | #4054 |
| strains receptors | #4069 |
| neurotoxicity | #4070 |
| fischer | #4082 |
| cultured neurons | #4097 |
| remove | #4101 |
| gastrointestinal bleeding | #4103 |
| involve | #4104 |
| nonalcoholic | #4111 |
| intracranial | #4134 |
| coa | #4138 |
| visible spectrum | #4140 |
| induced mitochondrial | #4149 |
| exacerbate | #4165 |
| lower affinity | #4172 |
| future clinical trials | #4178 |
| motor activity | #4178 |
| reverse transcriptase | #4185 |
| nitroso | #4190 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance | #4193 |
| oxide production | #4198 |
| ampa | #4204 |
| endothelial nitric | #4205 |
| liver cirrhosis | #4232 |
| steadystate levels | #4244 |
| knockout receptors | #4249 |
| enkephalins | #4276 |
| tips | #4318 |
| isoenzymes | #4321 |
| contention | #4326 |
| pathogenetic | #4326 |
| 3h | #4342 |
| oxidase inhibitors | #4346 |
| female frontal | #4355 |
| alcohol abuse | #4357 |
| matched | #4358 |
| chelator | #4359 |
| vitro model | #4364 |
| groups rats | #4365 |
| chorea | #4373 |
| acids | #4373 |
| geniculate | #4374 |
| prevention | #4375 |
| ratelimiting enzyme | #4382 |
| neocortical | #4398 |
| rtpcr | #4402 |
| mrna expression | #4418 |
| enos | #4425 |
| hepatic artery | #4425 |
| immunohistochemical analysis | #4428 |
| peripherally | #4430 |
| postnatally | #4433 |
| 10 micrograms | #4438 |
| specific activities | #4449 |
| carbon isotopes | #4449 |
| acid amino | #4455 |
| inos | #4460 |
| tetrahydrobiopterin | #4480 |
| diencephalon | #4481 |
| citric | #4487 |
| agents steroidal | #4499 |
| isoleucine | #4507 |
| chemical drug | #4509 |
| incompletely | #4517 |
| hippocampal neurons | #4518 |
| endogenously | #4521 |
| potent inhibitor | #4528 |
| pglycoprotein | #4535 |
| tissue concentrations | #4552 |
| model chronic | #4561 |
| gssg | #4562 |
| animal studies | #4562 |
| mitochondrial dysfunction | #4575 |
| substantia nigra | #4577 |
| neurological function | #4585 |
| explanation | #4600 |
| acetaminophen | #4606 |
| transaminase | #4608 |
| 250 | #4627 |
| small increase | #4629 |
| liver diseases | #4637 |
| mrna | #4639 |
| narcotic | #4643 |
| models neurological | #4666 |
| enzymes | #4671 |
| myo | #4677 |
| dopamine | #4679 |
| choline | #4683 |
| nitrites | #4684 |
| worsening | #4685 |
| tremor | #4694 |
| relate | #4701 |
| ho1 | #4704 |
| diphosphate | #4705 |
| neuronal survival | #4712 |
| develops | #4714 |
| realtime quantitative pcr | #4719 |
| techniques male | #4729 |
| key enzymes | #4730 |
| debilitating | #4732 |
| skeletal muscle | #4736 |
| amines | #4737 |
| receptors tumor | #4740 |
| motor coordination | #4745 |
| patients liver cirrhosis | #4749 |
| neurovascular | #4749 |
| triphosphate | #4752 |
| receptors | #4761 |
| apoptotic cell death | #4774 |
| patients liver | #4775 |
| neuroprotective agents | #4778 |
| mn2 | #4792 |
| male rats | #4793 |
| ulnar | #4795 |
| opioid peptides | #4821 |
| ganglia | #4828 |
| failing | #4835 |
| membrane cells | #4837 |
| liver regeneration | #4853 |
| constellation | #4875 |
| regional cerebral | #4875 |
| nonselective | #4891 |
| opioid receptors | #4901 |
| modulator | #4905 |
| transporters | #4906 |
| tyrosine | #4906 |
| 001 | #4915 |
| animals antioxidants | #4919 |
| injections intraperitoneal | #4921 |
| neurons rats | #4927 |
| glucose humans | #4936 |
| epilepsy humans | #4940 |
| degree | #4943 |
| kainic acid | #4963 |
| evident | #4988 |
| rapid progression | #4996 |
| viral hepatitis | #4998 |
| indazoles | #5000 |
| methyl2 | #5002 |
| clinical conditions | #5004 |
| 25 mm | #5009 |
| ammonium | #5017 |
| acid metabolism | #5018 |
| neurological diseases | #5024 |
| raphe | #5043 |
| consequences | #5048 |
| immunostaining | #5051 |
| weighted mri | #5053 |
| offspring | #5054 |
| tight | #5055 |
| alcoholism | #5063 |
| cyclooxygenase2 | #5066 |
| malnutrition | #5080 |
| metabolism | #5084 |
| suggesting | #5106 |
| endoperoxide | #5129 |
| clinical criteria | #5130 |
| acid | #5133 |
| nitric oxide | #5140 |
| disorder | #5143 |
| sarcopenia | #5163 |
| anticonvulsant | #5164 |
| glial cells | #5213 |
| temporal lobe | #5226 |
| leads | #5232 |
| animals | #5236 |
| portal hypertension | #5238 |
| child pugh | #5266 |
| sustained | #5277 |
| severe | #5277 |
| normal rats | #5278 |
| cerebrum | #5280 |
| organ dysfunction | #5288 |
| cerebrospinal fluid | #5299 |
| animal brain | #5308 |
| restores | #5312 |
| reversal | #5325 |
| methylarginine | #5330 |
| intoxication | #5344 |
| major impact | #5349 |
| 4 groups | #5350 |
| animal humans | #5364 |
| biomarkers brain | #5401 |
| gastroenterology | #5403 |
| experimental model | #5414 |
| superoxide production | #5416 |
| publication animals | #5417 |
| presynaptic | #5426 |
| induced acute | #5434 |
| regional brain | #5435 |
| gastrointestinal diseases | #5444 |
| intracellular levels | #5450 |
| postsynaptic | #5452 |
| concentrations | #5459 |
| food deprivation | #5463 |
| focal | #5466 |
| blotting western | #5466 |
| thioredoxins | #5505 |
| halflife | #5506 |
| aquaporins | #5515 |
| cns | #5517 |
| involving | #5517 |
| effects exposure | #5523 |
| nash | #5525 |
| controls | #5541 |
| catecholamines | #5549 |
| isolated rat | #5552 |
| affinity | #5553 |
| tca | #5564 |
| glucose metabolism | #5569 |
| lack | #5572 |
| higher density | #5575 |
| sleep disturbances | #5580 |
| hyperbilirubinemia | #5586 |
| glucose transport | #5607 |
| n11 | #5608 |
| summarizes | #5611 |
| platelets | #5615 |
| endotoxemia | #5639 |
| major complications | #5645 |
| free radicals | #5647 |
| postnatal development | #5651 |
| magnetic resonance images | #5652 |
| cachexia | #5666 |
| acute ischemic | #5672 |
| drinkers | #5693 |
| antimetabolites | #5699 |
| tnf | #5709 |
| 73 patients | #5711 |
| transport systems | #5712 |
| receptor binding | #5730 |
| 24 hours | #5741 |
| icp | #5768 |
| evidence base | #5790 |
| precipitate | #5790 |
| dehydrogenases | #5796 |
| nonalcoholic steatohepatitis | #5796 |
| p005 | #5800 |
| brain animals | #5810 |
| depolarization | #5812 |
| aspartate receptor | #5824 |
| serotonin | #5840 |
| substances | #5848 |
| prefrontal cortex | #5859 |
| extravasation | #5862 |
| steroidal | #5865 |
| neuroprotective | #5883 |
| levels elevated | #5885 |
| ketone | #5892 |
| western blot analysis | #5897 |
| appropriately | #5900 |
| mounting evidence | #5926 |
| enkephalin | #5928 |
| potentiate | #5945 |
| detoxification | #5949 |
| disaccharides | #5950 |
| acrylamide | #5950 |
| acid antagonists | #5952 |
| background objectives | #5954 |
| 100 microm | #5954 |
| bulb | #5976 |
| muscle mass | #5993 |
| metabolites | #5993 |
| coenzyme | #5994 |
| etiologies | #5997 |
| anterior cingulate cortex | #6016 |
| antagonist | #6019 |
| butyric | #6023 |
| reversible | #6029 |
| aged rats | #6030 |
| sodium potassium | #6068 |
| additional evidence | #6080 |
| transporter 1 | #6103 |
| methyl4 | #6109 |
| zona | #6114 |
| chemistry | #6120 |
| occurs | #6122 |
| barrier | #6138 |
| trh | #6148 |
| cirrhosis patients | #6152 |
| postmortem | #6152 |
| cortical regions | #6162 |
| hippocampus | #6166 |
| hydroperoxide | #6169 |
| deoxyglucose | #6171 |
| risk bias | #6188 |
| inbred | #6199 |
| esters | #6202 |
| proteins rats | #6221 |
| reduction oxidative | #6231 |
| nervous cns | #6235 |
| disruptions | #6250 |
| vascular endothelium | #6265 |
| anti inflammatory | #6284 |
| mitochondrial function | #6287 |
| hematoxylin | #6290 |
| lactate dehydrogenase | #6298 |
| chain | #6315 |
| carboxylase | #6322 |
| alpha2 | #6323 |
| protein expression | #6343 |
| induced increases | #6360 |
| 20 cases | #6371 |
| rna messenger | #6388 |
| dha | #6392 |
| cbf | #6404 |
| gamma | #6412 |
| remained | #6413 |
| chelating agents | #6422 |
| olfactory | #6441 |
| prosencephalon | #6456 |
| snap | #6464 |
| rats animals | #6469 |
| roi | #6470 |
| antagonists | #6475 |
| peripheral nerve | #6478 |
| histidine | #6482 |
| acyltransferases | #6490 |
| patients chronic | #6498 |
| mesencephalon | #6508 |
| notion | #6511 |
| disease brain | #6514 |
| bromocriptine | #6531 |
| ingestion | #6548 |
| ligation | #6552 |
| dopaminergic | #6553 |
| humans kinetics | #6566 |
| control mice | #6572 |
| longterm treatment | #6575 |
| nomenclature | #6576 |
| disease aged | #6579 |
| physiological function | #6586 |
| humans mitochondria | #6594 |
| oxidase | #6596 |
| microg | #6596 |
| led | #6597 |
| accumulation | #6599 |
| fluid csf | #6600 |
| mmol | #6609 |
| animal dose | #6610 |
| glycolytic | #6625 |
| publication analysis | #6642 |
| inducible nitric | #6643 |
| resonance spectroscopy | #6660 |
| lowers | #6665 |
| glu | #6665 |
| animals bile | #6671 |
| slowing | #6682 |
| p001 | #6684 |
| patients placebo | #6688 |
| proceedings | #6700 |
| interferongamma | #6742 |
| differential effects | #6755 |
| poisoning | #6767 |
| granule | #6768 |
| dystonia | #6769 |
| psychometric | #6774 |
| lad | #6783 |
| rats wistar receptors | #6791 |
| biological transport | #6801 |
| specific regions | #6806 |
| transport proteins | #6806 |
| cortices | #6825 |
| nitrates | #6833 |
| inflammatory processes | #6849 |
| n5 | #6849 |
| protects | #6857 |
| receptors dopamine | #6859 |
| tomography emission | #6887 |
| acetaldehyde | #6894 |
| enter | #6908 |
| patients brain | #6909 |
| sleep disorders | #6915 |
| mitochondrial membrane | #6916 |
| nutritional | #6921 |
| hypothalamus | #6930 |
| humans intracranial | #6937 |
| nutrition | #6972 |
| rendered | #6975 |
| cerebral blood flow | #6981 |
| low affinity | #6986 |
| acid levels | #7005 |
| eosin | #7011 |
| vitamins | #7012 |
| ascites | #7020 |
| adenosine triphosphate | #7030 |
| patients alzheimer | #7040 |
| compensatory | #7089 |
| free radical | #7092 |
| rois | #7098 |
| common form | #7109 |
| general agreement | #7117 |
| expression | #7125 |
| prothrombin | #7133 |
| mice treated | #7139 |
| synthases | #7140 |
| 13c nmr | #7146 |
| methyl | #7151 |
| hippocampus male | #7165 |
| methyl ester | #7177 |
| tartrate | #7178 |
| levels blood | #7198 |
| central nervous cns | #7202 |
| protective agents | #7214 |
| catecholamine | #7216 |
| undertaken | #7226 |
| probiotics | #7244 |
| humans inflammation | #7253 |
| systemic inflammation | #7280 |
| antiinflammatory agents | #7284 |
| neurodegeneration | #7290 |
| male sprague | #7307 |
| bile duct | #7311 |
| additional studies | #7322 |
| animal doseresponse relationship | #7334 |
| nh4 | #7336 |
| glucose transporter | #7337 |
| cyclooxygenase 2 | #7344 |
| life hrqol | #7350 |
| administration | #7353 |
| preliminary evidence | #7358 |
| symptomatic | #7371 |
| neuroprotection | #7374 |
| histamine release | #7378 |
| regional | #7382 |
| urea | #7386 |
| hippocampal | #7389 |
| insult | #7392 |
| pyridines | #7404 |
| intravenous infusion | #7420 |
| competitive | #7424 |
| animal | #7433 |
| excitability | #7442 |
| molecular mechanisms | #7448 |
| restored | #7464 |
| spectrophotometric | #7474 |
| osmotic | #7475 |
| biochemical studies | #7481 |
| ht | #7485 |
| excreted | #7507 |
| urease | #7536 |
| organ specificity | #7540 |
| lipid peroxidation | #7550 |
| dismutase | #7553 |
| pathological conditions | #7553 |
| brain ischemia | #7557 |
| implicating | #7564 |
| onset | #7570 |
| cytoprotection | #7580 |
| neuropathic pain | #7583 |
| imaging magnetic | #7585 |
| chromatography mass | #7603 |
| microglia | #7605 |
| matrix metalloproteinase | #7621 |
| mental status | #7630 |
| blood platelets | #7640 |
| characterized | #7659 |
| neuroprotective effects | #7659 |
| deleterious | #7665 |
| neurologic examination | #7672 |
| cortical neurons | #7687 |
| diminished | #7696 |
| specific binding | #7700 |
| guanidines | #7737 |
| perturbations | #7769 |
| alpha tnf | #7777 |
| oxide | #7779 |
| immunoreactivity | #7801 |
| oedema | #7810 |
| il6 levels | #7833 |
| tissue proteins | #7854 |
| tnf α | #7864 |
| animals blotting | #7882 |
| albumins | #7888 |
| m3 | #7897 |
| ca1 | #7899 |
| parietal cortex | #7915 |
| brain development | #7915 |
| cells brain | #7932 |
| freely | #7932 |
| lname | #7950 |
| aspartate aminotransferases | #7961 |
| assayed | #7986 |
| metabolic | #7989 |
| aetiology | #8016 |
| mouse brain | #8023 |
| alzheimer | #8025 |
| liver transplantation | #8033 |
| ka | #8038 |
| constitutes | #8040 |
| computerized | #8040 |
| organometallic compounds | #8052 |
| established | #8056 |
| brain humans | #8073 |
| cerebrovascular circulation | #8079 |
| chelation | #8081 |
| inferior | #8097 |
| reproduces | #8103 |
| modulate | #8143 |
| confirm | #8153 |
| produces | #8156 |
| large variety | #8164 |
| intraperitoneally | #8167 |
| immunohistochemistry male | #8184 |
| maintained | #8185 |
| benzazepines | #8192 |
| organs | #8193 |
| fluorescence intensity | #8201 |
| reduced | #8207 |
| neurologic | #8214 |
| dopamine receptor | #8253 |
| abnormally | #8260 |
| norepinephrine | #8288 |
| inflammatory agents | #8301 |
| neuronal damage | #8302 |
| antioxidant | #8310 |
| condition | #8326 |
| dependent | #8332 |
| therapeutic implications | #8336 |
| epileptic | #8359 |
| chromatography pressure | #8383 |
| turn | #8404 |
| gray matter | #8407 |
| reflect | #8410 |
| and or | #8413 |
| wistar receptors | #8433 |
| receptor expression | #8442 |
| chain reaction | #8446 |
| hyponatremia | #8454 |
| plasma levels | #8470 |
| hyperglycemia | #8472 |
| citalopram | #8472 |
| stereotaxic | #8495 |
| systemic inflammatory | #8499 |
| polymerase chain | #8501 |
| purkinje | #8517 |
| immunocytochemical | #8519 |
| brain imaging | #8538 |
| chloride | #8546 |
| copper | #8549 |
| intracellular ca2 | #8583 |
| restoration | #8595 |
| hepatotoxicity | #8598 |
| ischemia | #8616 |
| activates | #8631 |
| hippocampus humans | #8641 |
| oxide nitric | #8664 |
| levodopa | #8665 |
| n10 | #8672 |
| inflammatory cytokines | #8690 |
| male middle aged | #8715 |
| organometallic | #8716 |
| pyramidal cells | #8724 |
| retardation | #8736 |
| gsh | #8742 |
| oxidative | #8742 |
| 37°c | #8758 |
| emission computed | #8767 |
| parietal | #8790 |
| potassium chloride | #8814 |
| hplc | #8824 |
| nmr | #8871 |
| superoxide | #8875 |
| tonic | #8879 |
| sulfates | #8892 |
| devoid | #8898 |
| egf receptor | #8905 |
| lactic acid | #8906 |
| minimal | #8910 |
| caveolin | #8912 |
| oxo | #8932 |
| biochemical | #8935 |
| consciousness | #8985 |
| reflected | #9011 |
| intravenous injection | #9019 |
| alanine transaminase | #9038 |
| encephalitis | #9077 |
| emission tomography | #9083 |
| methylmercury | #9099 |
| aminotransferases | #9108 |
| acetate | #9111 |
| syndromes | #9112 |
| brain cognition | #9130 |
| aimed | #9163 |
| awake | #9175 |
| 62 patients | #9176 |
| likewise | #9181 |
| treated mice | #9194 |
| normal | #9207 |
| dysfunction | #9218 |
| corpus striatum | #9247 |
| key factors | #9254 |
| elevated | #9263 |
| deprived | #9285 |
| neuropathy | #9344 |
| cerebrospinal fluid csf | #9364 |
| cerebral blood | #9391 |
| pressure liquid | #9396 |
| deoxy | #9420 |
| immunoblotting | #9445 |
| complications patients | #9489 |
| citric acid | #9505 |
| intrahepatic | #9572 |
| oxidative stress | #9585 |
| irreversible | #9607 |
| naloxone | #9609 |
| synthase inos | #9615 |
| absence | #9615 |
| occipital | #9621 |
| neurons | #9627 |
| seizures | #9631 |
| terminals | #9647 |
| nerve tissue | #9655 |
| postoperative day | #9682 |
| compensate | #9687 |
| micromol | #9692 |
| imaging studies | #9718 |
| ameliorated | #9722 |
| bw | #9727 |
| protective effects | #9749 |
| 2 mm | #9756 |
| 064 | #9783 |
| neuro | #9788 |
| tumor necrosis | #9791 |
| middle cerebral | #9809 |
| chelating | #9823 |
| dependently | #9825 |
| patch clamp | #9830 |
| succinate | #9834 |
| diseases liver | #9842 |
| prevented | #9863 |
| severely | #9864 |
| contributes | #9880 |
| receptor agonist | #9912 |
| microm | #9930 |
| necrosis factor | #9933 |
| quantitative | #9943 |
| tight junctions | #9963 |
| liver cells | #9987 |
| neurobiological | #10000 |
| binding cassette | #10002 |
| central nervous | #10003 |
| conflicting | #10023 |
| kinetic parameters | #10033 |
| cycle | #10052 |
| mediated | #10072 |
| cortical | #10128 |
| cava | #10136 |
| dopamine receptors | #10169 |
| liver damage | #10178 |
| negative impact | #10202 |
| minerals | #10211 |
| stores | #10215 |
| ros production | #10235 |
| attenuated | #10240 |
| expression activity | #10242 |
| cgmp | #10262 |
| glutathione gsh | #10266 |
| transport complex | #10286 |
| plasma concentrations | #10292 |
| plasma patients | #10296 |
| urinary excretion | #10301 |
| adversely | #10328 |
| vitamin deficiency | #10328 |
| forebrain | #10337 |
| cassette | #10370 |
| permeable | #10373 |
| specific activity | #10384 |
| electroencephalogram | #10395 |
| steatohepatitis | #10395 |
| areas | #10419 |
| subacute | #10435 |
| biliary | #10436 |
| protein levels | #10453 |
| liver transplant | #10455 |
| hrqol | #10455 |
| nigra | #10479 |
| cerebral artery | #10481 |
| positron emission tomography | #10525 |
| biosynthesis | #10531 |
| substantia | #10550 |
| nervous | #10616 |
| transmitter | #10626 |
| twofold | #10627 |
| management patients | #10657 |
| lipopolysaccharide | #10674 |
| alzheimers disease | #10694 |
| dose dependent | #10699 |
| normal range | #10730 |
| nutritional status | #10752 |
| protein level | #10752 |
| quaternary | #10765 |
| glutathione | #10772 |
| glucose | #10806 |
| water content | #10826 |
| monophosphate | #10827 |
| liver mice | #10852 |
| vena | #10853 |
| nervous diseases | #10861 |
| microgram | #10880 |
| performance liquid | #10883 |
| entity | #10889 |
| eventually | #10941 |
| intraventricular | #10958 |
| saline | #10968 |
| occur | #10968 |
| dietary proteins | #10978 |
| breakdown | #10983 |
| earlier studies | #10997 |
| etiology | #10998 |
| doses | #11003 |
| accumbens | #11004 |
| impair | #11006 |
| rats inbred strains | #11023 |
| behavior animal | #11026 |
| radioimmunoassay | #11026 |
| atrophy | #11041 |
| tnfalpha | #11044 |
| atp binding | #11055 |
| western | #11061 |
| tests male | #11061 |
| peroxidation | #11077 |
| riboflavin | #11140 |
| positron emission | #11153 |
| potentiated | #11172 |
| preparations | #11184 |
| precursor | #11188 |
| adult male | #11195 |
| broad spectrum | #11196 |
| superoxides | #11202 |
| nick | #11227 |
| steroids | #11232 |
| animals anti | #11234 |
| acyl | #11314 |
| enzyme activity | #11342 |
| drug induced | #11347 |
| early identification | #11376 |
| neuropathic | #11380 |
| necrotic | #11392 |
| neurodegenerative disease | #11395 |
| centrally | #11415 |
| depletion | #11434 |
| major component | #11447 |
| clinical signs | #11463 |
| 3 weeks | #11495 |
| receptor antagonist | #11502 |
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| deficient mice | #14274 |
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| cell count | #14785 |
| learning memory | #14831 |
| triphosphate animals | #14839 |
| vivo studies | #14851 |
| understood | #14879 |
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| ester | #15533 |
| synapses | #15538 |
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| sclerosis | #15727 |
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Bericht ausführen | |
Prominent publications by Roger F Butterworth∗
Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients
[ PUBLICATION ]
Modulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) by nitric oxide (NO) is altered in brain from experimental animals with hyperammonemia with or without liver failure. The aim of this work was to assess the content and modulation of sGC in brain in chronic liver failure in humans. Expression of the alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta-1 subunits of sGC was measured by immunoblotting in autopsied frontal cortex and cerebellum from cirrhotic patients and controls. The contents of alpha-1 and alpha-2 ...
| Bekannt für Guanylate Cyclase | Cirrhotic Patients | Modulation Sgc | Nitric Oxide Brain | Cerebellum Activation |
Hypothermia attenuates oxidative/nitrosative stress, encephalopathy and brain edema in acute (ischemic) liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been suggested that oxidative/nitrosative stress is involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of oxidative/nitrosative stress in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting from hepatic devascularization. We also studied the effect of hypothermia, a ...
| Bekannt für Brain Edema | Alf Rats | Nitrosative Stress | Liver Failure | Coma Stages |
KOL-Index: 13463
Acute liver failure (ALF) results in alterations of energy metabolites and of glucose-derived amino acid neurotransmitters in brain. However, the dynamics of changes in glucose metabolism remain unclear. The present study was undertaken using (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to determine the rates of incorporation of glucose into amino acids and lactate via cell-specific pathways in relation to the severity of encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF ...
| Bekannt für Brain Lactate | Acute Liver | Magnetic Resonance | Coma Stages | Amino Acids |
Effects of hypothermia on brain glucose metabolism in acute liver failure: a 1H/13C-nuclear magnetic resonance study
[ PUBLICATION ]
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mild hypothermia has a protective effect on brain edema and encephalopathy in both experimental and human acute liver failure. The goals of the present study were to examine the effects of mild hypothermia (35 degrees C) on brain metabolic pathways using combined (1)H and (13)C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a technique which allows the study not only of metabolite concentrations but also their de novo synthesis via cell-specific pathways in the ...
| Bekannt für Acute Liver | Mild Hypothermia | Brain Glucose Metabolism | Magnetic Resonance | Frontal Cortex |
Neuroactive amino acids and glutamate (NMDA) receptors in frontal cortex of rats with experimental acute liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
It has been proposed that alterations of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. To evaluate this possibility, in vivo cerebral microdialysis was used to sample extracellular concentrations of amino acids in the frontal cortex of unanesthetized rats at various times during the progression of encephalopathy resulting from acute liver failure. Liver failure was induced by portacaval anastomosis followed 24 ...
| Bekannt für Amino Acids | Frontal Cortex | Acute Liver Failure | Extracellular Concentrations | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 12801
Mild hypothermia is effective in the prevention of brain edema associated with cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Brain edema is also a serious complication of acute liver failure (ALF). To assess the effectiveness of hypothermia in ALF, groups of rats were subjected to hepatic devascularization (portacaval anastomosis, followed 48 hours later by hepatic artery ligation), and body temperatures were maintained at either 35 degrees C (hypothermic) or 37 degrees C (normothermic). ...
| Bekannt für Mild Hypothermia | Brain Edema | Acute Liver | Rats Alf | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
Ammonia‐induced brain edema and intracranial hypertension in rats after portacaval anastomosis
[ PUBLICATION ]
Brain edema, leading to intracranial hypertension and brain herniation, is a major cause of death in fulminant liver failure. Astrocyte swelling is a prominent neuropathological feature in experimental fulminant liver failure. It has been postulated that the osmotic effects of glutamine, generated in astrocytes from ammonia and glutamate in a reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase, could mediate brain swelling. Normal rats and rats that received a portacaval anastomosis were infused ...
| Bekannt für Intracranial Hypertension | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Ammonium Acetate | Osmotic Effects |
Effect of Portacaval Anastomosis on Glutamine Synthetase Protein and Gene Expression in Brain, Liver and Skeletal Muscle
[ PUBLICATION ]
The effects of chronic liver insufficiency resulting from end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCA) on glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, protein and gene expression were studied in brain, liver and skeletal muscle of male adult rats. Four weeks following PCA, activities of GS in cerebral cortex and cerebellum were reduced by 32% and 37% (p<0.05) respectively whereas GS activities in muscle were increased by 52% (p<0.05). GS activities in liver were decreased by up to 90% (p<0.01), a ...
| Bekannt für Skeletal Muscle | Portacaval Anastomosis | Gene Expression | Surgical Rna | Pca Rats |
Cerebral inflammation contributes to encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: protective effect of minocycline
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been recently proposed that microglia-derived proinflammatory cytokines are involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of microglial activation and the protective effect of the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting ...
| Bekannt für Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Rats Alf | Microglial Activation | Pathogenesis Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 11822
There is evidence to suggest that, in acute liver failure (ALF), brain ammonia and proinflammatory cytokines may act synergistically to cause brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation). However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain to be established. In order to address this issue, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of genes coding for astrocytic proteins with an established role in cell volume regulation in cerebral ...
| Bekannt für Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Proinflammatory Cytokines | Astrocytic Proteins | Cultured Astrocytes |
KOL-Index: 11726
Although earlier studies on thiamine deficiency have reported increases in extracellular glutamate concentration in the thalamus, a vulnerable region of the brain in this disorder, the mechanism by which this occurs has remained unresolved. Treatment with pyrithiamine, a central thiamine antagonist, resulted in a 71 and 55% decrease in protein levels of the astrocyte glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST, respectively, by immunoblotting in the medial thalamus of day 14 symptomatic rats ...
| Bekannt für Medial Thalamus | Glutamate Transporter | Glt1 Glast | Spraguedawley Statistics | Protein Levels |
KOL-Index: 11620
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an effective antidote to treat acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF). NAC is hepatoprotective and prevents the neurological complications of ALF, namely hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema. The protective effect of NAC and its mechanisms of action in ALF due to other toxins, however, are still controversial. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NAC in relation to liver pathology, hepatic and cerebral glutathione, plasma ...
| Bekannt für Liver Failure | Nac Alf | Induced Acute | Aom Mice | Brain Edema |
Ammonia and related amino acids in the pathogenesis of brain edema in acute ischemic liver failure in rats
[ PUBLICATION ]
The pathogenesis of brain edema in acute liver failure is poorly understood. We have previously shown that rats with ischemic acute liver failure (portacaval anastomosis followed by hepatic artery ligation) exhibit brain edema and intracranial hypertension, with swelling of cortical astrocytes as the most prominent neuropathological abnormality. Because ammonia has been shown to induce swelling of astrocytes in vivo and in vitro, we examined the relationship between brain ammonia, amino ...
| Bekannt für Amino Acids | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Liver Failure | Glutamine Alanine |
Ammonia induces MK‐801‐sensitive nitration and phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues in rat astrocytes
[ PUBLICATION ]
Astrocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of ammonia-induced neurotoxicity and hepatic encephalopathy. As shown here, ammonia induces protein tyrosine nitration in cultured rat astrocytes, which is sensitive to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801. A similar pattern of nitrated proteins is produced by NMDA. Ammonia-induced tyrosine nitration depends on a rise in [Ca2+]i, IkB degradation, and NO synthase (iNOS) induction, which are prevented by MK-801 and the ...
| Bekannt für Rat Astrocytes | Glutamine Synthetase | Protein Tyrosine | Ammonia Induces | Oxide Nitric |
Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: Role of glutamine redefined
[ PUBLICATION ]
Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized neuropathologically by cytotoxic brain edema and biochemically by increased brain ammonia and its detoxification product, glutamine. The osmotic actions of increased glutamine synthesis in astrocytes are considered to be causally related to brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation) in ALF. However studies using multinuclear (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy demonstrate that neither brain glutamine ...
| Bekannt für Brain Edema | Acute Liver Failure | Hepatic Encephalopathy | Intracranial Hypertension | Glutamine Synthesis |
Schlüsselpersonen für Hepatic Encephalopathy
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Wählen Sie einen Suchphrase aus hepatic encephalopathy , hepatic encephalopathy patients , hepatic encephalopathy humans , hepatic encephalopathy 95 , hepatic encephalopathy rats
Roger F Butterworth∗:Expertenwirkung
Konzepte für welcheRoger F Butterworth∗hat direkten Einfluss:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Cirrhotic patients, Brain edema, Portacaval anastomosis, Mild hypothermia.
Roger F Butterworth∗:KOL -Auswirkungen
Konzepte im Zusammenhang mit der Arbeit anderer Autoren, für diefor which Roger F Butterworth∗ hat Einfluss:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Liver cirrhosis, Oxidative stress, Brain edema, Cirrhotic patients.
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