KOL | Roger F Butterworth∗Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada | ... |
Currículum de kol para Roger F Butterworth∗
| Year | |
|---|---|
| 2021 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada |
| 2020 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada |
| 2019 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, B0C 1H0, Englishtown, NS, Canada University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, QC |
| 2018 | CHUM St-Luc Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada. University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, Québec, Canada |
| 2015 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2014 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hopital St-Luc (CHUM) and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2W 3J4, Canada |
| 2013 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital St-Luc (CHUM), 1058 Rue St-Denis, H2X 3J4, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2012 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2011 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2010 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), University of Montreal, 1058 St. Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2009 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint‐Luc, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2008 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2007 | Neuroscience Research Unit, CHUM (Campus Saint-Luc), University of Montreal, 1058, Saint-Denis Street, H2X 3J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2006 | Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Montreal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc, 1058 St-Denis Street, Montreal, Que., Canada H2X 3J4 |
| 2005 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2004 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
Roger F Butterworth∗: Estadísticas de influencia
Sacar un reporte
| Concept | World rank |
|---|---|
| nacetylcysteine cerebral complications | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments messenger | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms | #1 |
| stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| aom mice | #1 |
| familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| pca increased densities | #1 |
| interferongamma brains | #1 |
| cns wernickekorsakoff | #1 |
| combined metabolic stresses | #1 |
| atp acetyl coa | #1 |
| pca portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| regionselective reductions | #1 |
| encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| caudate nucleus cau | #1 |
| ptbribp frontal cortex | #1 |
| neuronastrocytic trafficking | #1 |
| caudate putamen concentrations | #1 |
| key astrocytic | #1 |
| histamine caudate putamen | #1 |
| brain portacaval | #1 |
| ammonia normal conditions | #1 |
| decreased pdhc | #1 |
| ammonia glutamate uptake | #1 |
| kgdh decreased | #1 |
| primary energy failure | #1 |
| liver dysfunction findings | #1 |
| alf alterations | #1 |
| presence brain extracts | #1 |
| lola efficacy | #1 |
| portocaval shunting activities | #1 |
| modulatory sites | #1 |
| initial reports pathogenesis | #1 |
| neurological symptoms encephalopathy | #1 |
| spf mouse | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 human brain | #1 |
| benzoate spf | #1 |
| 071−084 | #1 |
| spf mice | #1 |
| focal lactic | #1 |
| bbb animal hepatic | #1 |
| ammonia acute | #1 |
| pugh score iii | #1 |
| cox2 tle | #1 |
| autopsied brain samples | #1 |
| manifest altered expression | #1 |
| chat loss | #1 |
| decreased detoxification ammonia | #1 |
| nacl taurine | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia thiaminedeficient | #1 |
| alterations increased expression | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics cirrhosis | #1 |
| lola nash | #1 |
| hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex transketolase | #1 |
| edema formation mnsod | #1 |
| pathogenesis cerebral complications | #1 |
| 15–1788 | #1 |
| increased activity katpase | #1 |
| pathogenesis portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| expression astrocytic | #1 |
| pregnanolone brain chemistry | #1 |
| maoa activities cerebellum | #1 |
| central thiamine antagonist | #1 |
| degree pss | #1 |
| rats ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| deterioration neurological status | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency appearance | #1 |
| astrocyticneuronal cross | #1 |
| bzrls cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| noradrenaline transporter sites | #1 |
| experimental wernicke | #1 |
| effective approach prevention | #1 |
| astrocyte morphology alterations | #1 |
| thdoc brain tissue | #1 |
| brain ptbr | #1 |
| experimental portacaval shunt | #1 |
| brain edema increases | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia lcarnitine | #1 |
| glial filament network | #1 |
| ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemic | #1 |
| pse complication | #1 |
| veratramines action parachlorophenylalanine | #1 |
| evidence thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| cerebellar amino acids | #1 |
| exclusion brain diseases | #1 |
| dipeptides hepatic | #1 |
| specific energy metabolism | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation addition | #1 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder evidence | #1 |
| lad platelets | #1 |
| cerebral hepatic levels | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy neurobiology | #1 |
| pse altered expression | #1 |
| neuroinhibitory steroid | #1 |
| methylspiperone pet | #1 |
| ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| pregnenolone brain tissue | #1 |
| predictive model investigator | #1 |
| cloned rat ptbr | #1 |
| encephalopathy thiamine | #1 |
| continues rely | #1 |
| ammonia pca | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate ammonia | #1 |
| decarboxylase hepatic | #1 |
| predilection neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| thalamus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| glur3 subunits opca | #1 |
| older cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| aom nac | #1 |
| medium kcl | #1 |
| lipopolysaccharide precipitates | #1 |
| rats fpc | #1 |
| region selective alterations | #1 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| novo lactate synthesis | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient rats | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| anastomosis ammonia | #1 |
| regional variation bckdh | #1 |
| pbgd mrna expression | #1 |
| ptbr mrna thalamus | #1 |
| 001 cerebral | #1 |
| flumazenil cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| overt encephalopathy alterations | #1 |
| increases glutamine | #1 |
| antiparkinson drugs hypokinesia | #1 |
| p005 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| normal limits findings | #1 |
| cerebrospinal fluid ammonia | #1 |
| pharmacological manipulation ptbr | #1 |
| cerebral aminoacids | #1 |
| ammonialowering agents | #1 |
| muscle portacaval shunting | #1 |
| iii flumazenil | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod mrna | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mouse | #1 |
| mental state grade | #1 |
| dying hepatic | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamates hippocampus | #1 |
| microglia neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| hyperammonemia aaas | #1 |
| measurement aqp4 levels | #1 |
| neuronal thalamus | #1 |
| regionselective increases | #1 |
| cox2 il1beta mrna | #1 |
| hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| investigator neurological disorders | #1 |
| ptbr brain | #1 |
| dehydrogenase αkgdh | #1 |
| effects ammonia | #1 |
| l‐3harginine | #1 |
| glutamateper | #1 |
| vulnerable medial thalamus | #1 |
| 1 lola | #1 |
| aqp4 proinflammatory mediators | #1 |
| muscarinic thiamine | #1 |
| akinesia rats | #1 |
| removal bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| pfco cau | #1 |
| content pallidum | #1 |
| pcs rats protective | #1 |
| ammonia proinflammatory | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation patients | #1 |
| manganese distribution brain | #1 |
| hypothesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| tdpase activities | #1 |
| blood ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #1 |
| cell swelling major | #1 |
| decreased detoxification | #1 |
| pca increased | #1 |
| otc deficiency activities | #1 |
| encephalopathy alanine | #1 |
| humans gabaa steroids | #1 |
| brain hepatic | #1 |
| increased binding sites | #1 |
| gabaa ammonia animals | #1 |
| alcohol‐thiamine interactions | #1 |
| edema acute | #1 |
| transverese friedreich ataxia | #1 |
| chronic thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| pse findings | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine rats | #1 |
| matkowskyj | #1 |
| maob cerebellum | #1 |
| failure brain | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| improvements hepatic microcirculation | #1 |
| ptbr ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| neuroinflammationinflammation | #1 |
| tissues spf mice | #1 |
| lactate brain regions | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| ampa sites | #1 |
| pyrithiamine | #1 |
| pons gaba content | #1 |
| encephalopathy new | #1 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome disturbances | #1 |
| spine neurochemical | #1 |
| cns relation | #1 |
| l3hnoarg | #1 |
| normal conditions gut | #1 |
| ptbr sites | #1 |
| ammonialowering strategies | #1 |
| muscarinic m1 sites | #1 |
| ohe prevention prophylaxis | #1 |
| brain edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency decreases | #1 |
| neuronal crosstalk | #1 |
| opioid encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| cytokines mild | #1 |
| 15–1788 kinetics | #1 |
| encephalopathy neuropsychiatric | #1 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase lad | #1 |
| relation sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| postshunt myelopathy | #1 |
| occludin medial thalamus | #1 |
| hypothermia ammonia | #1 |
| edema energy | #1 |
| thiamine phosphatases | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| ammonium acetate challenge | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activation | #1 |
| brain pca rats | #1 |
| increased blood manganese | #1 |
| ammonia mechanisms | #1 |
| glutamine resonance | #1 |
| alf glucose | #1 |
| wks spraguedawley receptors | #1 |
| progression encephalopathy | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine transporter | #1 |
| protective findings | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium 7 | #1 |
| onset hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| reduction circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| neurological complications alf | #1 |
| findings ammonia | #1 |
| hepatic coma bbb | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain edema | #1 |
| pallidal binding sites | #1 |
| manganese extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| fumazenil | #1 |
| pathogenesis reversible symptoms | #1 |
| akgdh | #1 |
| result manganese deposition | #1 |
| pathogenesis clinic | #1 |
| vicious cycle sarcopenia | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepine | #1 |
| mg2dependentatpase | #1 |
| prevention brain | #1 |
| stroke forms | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| receptor ptbr | #1 |
| cell increased synthesis | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine | #1 |
| expression hyperglycemic | #1 |
| congenital acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| rats surgical probenecid | #1 |
| isoquinoline benzodiazepine ligands | #1 |
| rate thiamine turnover | #1 |
| 11 thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| sustained hyperammonemia pca | #1 |
| encephalopathy animals | #1 |
| pse increased densities | #1 |
| mhe clinical practice | #1 |
| astrocytes ammonia levels | #1 |
| clf alf | #1 |
| encephalopathy central | #1 |
| sgc cerebral cortex | #1 |
| symptomatic stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| hepatic coma patients | #1 |
| portacaval‐shunted rat | #1 |
| hereferences | #1 |
| enzyme activities loss | #1 |
| etanercept aom | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| blood manganese etiology | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain | #1 |
| components brain glutamate | #1 |
| ammonia cns function | #1 |
| surgical probenecid rats | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans pallidus | #1 |
| caudate putamen 57 | #1 |
| parkinsonism cirrhosis | #1 |
| 3hkainate sites | #1 |
| neuromodulatory site | #1 |
| brain glutamate synthesis | #1 |
| ammonia increased production | #1 |
| stress encephalopathy | #1 |
| ldopa octopamine | #1 |
| nonvulnerable fpc | #1 |
| complications alf | #1 |
| alf restricted transfer | #1 |
| glut1 expression alf | #1 |
| 8 cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| alf neuroinflammation | #1 |
| free coa atp | #1 |
| surgical portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| expression ptbr | #1 |
| isoquinolinebinding moiety | #1 |
| activities alpha kgdh | #1 |
| increased gabaergic | #1 |
| capacity cerebral cortex | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia cerebral cortex | #1 |
| mhe life | #1 |
| abnormal pyruvate oxidation | #1 |
| hyperammonemia accounts | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl | #1 |
| ldeprenyl thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| fco cau | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| normal cd1 | #1 |
| csf lactate pse | #1 |
| regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| excess bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| deficiency prior | #1 |
| brains increased concentrations | #1 |
| edema glutamine | #1 |
| acute male pregnenolone | #1 |
| liver pathology increases | #1 |
| hepatocerebral disorders | #1 |
| activities thalamus | #1 |
| grc integrity | #1 |
| ohe mhe patients | #1 |
| alf effects | #1 |
| increased csf lactate | #1 |
| loss tdpase activities | #1 |
| appearance neurological symptoms | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathies | #1 |
| local brain production | #1 |
| gabaaassociated receptors | #1 |
| action ro15 | #1 |
| assessment locomotor activities | #1 |
| brain consequent increases | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| ammonia mrna | #1 |
| accumulate brain | #1 |
| increased brain content | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemia syndromes | #1 |
| rats direct evidence | #1 |
| pglycoprotein mild hypothermia | #1 |
| relation energy metabolism | #1 |
| azoxymethane toxicity | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| animal liver failure | #1 |
| ptbr densities | #1 |
| endogenous opioid brain | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency alcoholics | #1 |
| pallidal signal hyperintensity | #1 |
| comatose rats | #1 |
| neurosteroid modulatory | #1 |
| regional lactate levels | #1 |
| therapy refractive tle | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf | #1 |
| metabolites term fluorescence | #1 |
| modulators hepatic | #1 |
| liver failure muscle | #1 |
| nacl calcium | #1 |
| ptbr mrna levels | #1 |
| pfco brain tissue | #1 |
| mild hypothermia delay | #1 |
| exposure azoxymethane | #1 |
| increased brain ammonia | #1 |
| mild hypothermia prevention | #1 |
| portacaval | #1 |
| increased activities tdpase | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry cox2 immunoreactivity | #1 |
| encephalopathy sham | #1 |
| capacity ammonia removal | #1 |
| altered thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| weeks portacaval | #1 |
| activation brain ptbr | #1 |
| liver spleen ratios | #1 |
| pca rats patients | #1 |
| flunitrazepam modulation | #1 |
| lumbar gray matter | #1 |
| expression ptbrs | #1 |
| disorder thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| key astroglial proteins | #1 |
| disproportionately levels | #1 |
| thalamus pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| bilirubin ataxics | #1 |
| treatment lola | #1 |
| selective alterations | #1 |
| increased glutamine synthesis | #1 |
| taurines role | #1 |
| “ peripheral | #1 |
| ptbr nnos | #1 |
| 202 55 nm | #1 |
| pdhc activities | #1 |
| benzodiazepine site contrast | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy relationship | #1 |
| brain portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| pca brainstem | #1 |
| glt1 transporter proteins | #1 |
| lcarnitine energy metabolites | #1 |
| alf37 alf37 degrees | #1 |
| pse portalsystemic shunting | #1 |
| activation ptbr | #1 |
| nac animal hepatic | #1 |
| 3hpk binding | #1 |
| nonsclerotic tle patients | #1 |
| nac normalization | #1 |
| hypothermia prevents | #1 |
| alterations receptor sites | #1 |
| atp free coa | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy lcarnitine | #1 |
| platelet taurine uptake | #1 |
| coding key | #1 |
| effective approach onset | #1 |
| minocyclinetreated alf rats | #1 |
| hyperammonemic pathologies | #1 |
| opca messenger receptors | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency result | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy authors | #1 |
| maximal binding absence | #1 |
| neuroinflammation alf | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia onset | #1 |
| pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| disease outcome prevention | #1 |
| 3h8ohdpat frontal cortex | #1 |
| alf messenger | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration aspartate | #1 |
| ptbr expression pathogenesis | #1 |
| hyperglycemic focal | #1 |
| heneuropathology | #1 |
| osmotic actions | #1 |
| development nutritional recommendations | #1 |
| update hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| pathogenesis pse | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| pfco | #1 |
| alf therapeutic | #1 |
| coma edema stages | #1 |
| that11cpk11195 | #1 |
| animal hepatectomy hepatitis | #1 |
| increased activities maoa | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient ataxic gait | #1 |
| protective pathogenesis | #1 |
| encephalopathy | #1 |
| binding sites 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| copper pallidum | #1 |
| cirrhosis vicious cycle | #1 |
| liver pca rats | #1 |
| degree shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| spf mutant | #1 |
| increased levels allopregnanolone | #1 |
| neurobiology hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| key astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| alterations brain glutamate | #1 |
| microglial activation protective | #1 |
| dansyl chloride microassay | #1 |
| neuroinflammation cns complications | #1 |
| mechanisms wemickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| died hepatic | #1 |
| alcoholthiamine interactions | #1 |
| region‐selective | #1 |
| jadad cochrane ohe | #1 |
| liver failure ucds | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 rats | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic rats | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis brain | #1 |
| nnos expression result | #1 |
| csf concentrations bzrls | #1 |
| psychometric testing risk | #1 |
| pons thiamine treatment | #1 |
| thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| deficiency binding | #1 |
| glut1 alf | #1 |
| perivascular endothelial cells | #1 |
| sites ptbr | #1 |
| findings manganese | #1 |
| etanercept il6 levels | #1 |
| cerebral γ‐aminobutyric acid | #1 |
| glucose loading decreases | #1 |
| ethanol nutritional deficit | #1 |
| pglycoprotein willebrand factor | #1 |
| animal model encephalopathy | #1 |
| phenols fig 1structure | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| ptbrs portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| subjects transport defect | #1 |
| disorders ammonia metabolism | #1 |
| selective reversible decreases | #1 |
| exposure proinflammatory | #1 |
| brain congenital | #1 |
| finding loss | #1 |
| hepatic glt1 | #1 |
| prevention ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| ptbr complex | #1 |
| maternal thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| alterations neurological alterations | #1 |
| gut ammonia | #1 |
| hyperammonaemia brain function | #1 |
| brain dysfunction pse | #1 |
| ohe cirrhosis | #1 |
| 15–1788 plasma levels | #1 |
| pbg pbgd | #1 |
| dawley ammonia | #1 |
| shunted rat | #1 |
| alf studies | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiencies | #1 |
| cirrhosis ammonia hepatic | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory response alf | #1 |
| therapy ornithine transcarbamylase | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral neuropathy | #1 |
| etanercepttreated alf mice | #1 |
| stages igg immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf rats | #1 |
| manganese phosphate mmt | #1 |
| ptbr expression | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia dehydrogenase | #1 |
| reversal neurological symptoms | #1 |
| alf amino | #1 |
| portacaval pcs rats | #1 |
| 3865 258 nm | #1 |
| betaactin housekeeping gene | #1 |
| reactive gliosis contrast | #1 |
| l‐3hnitroarginine | #1 |
| atp free coenzyme | #1 |
| additional bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| cirrhosis extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| cerebral energy deficit | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain edema | #1 |
| mutant spf | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse model | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| alf37 degrees | #1 |
| pfco frontal cortex | #1 |
| direct hepatoprotective effects | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans opioid | #1 |
| portacavalshunted rats protective | #1 |
| cau lobe hepatic | #1 |
| 32°c–35°c | #1 |
| major role mechanisms | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings patients | #1 |
| reduction mild hypothermia | #1 |
| increased extracellular brain | #1 |
| maob encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| failure alanine | #1 |
| spf mice activities | #1 |
| locomotor activities difference | #1 |
| inherited ataxias characteristics | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf mice | #1 |
| histamine receptor sites | #1 |
| increased brain concentrations | #1 |
| sodium benzoate atp | #1 |
| regionselective alterations | #1 |
| novo synthesis aspartate | #1 |
| astrocytic integrity | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy | #1 |
| aom treatment alf | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf | #1 |
| pca rats | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients cau | #1 |
| pca beta endorphin | #1 |
| severity akinesia | #1 |
| glutamate originating | #1 |
| progression thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| igg extravasation reduction | #1 |
| genes brain edema | #1 |
| oxygenase1 hepatic | #1 |
| central thiamine | #1 |
| encephalopathy binding | #1 |
| monoaminergic synaptic function | #1 |
| normalisation enzyme activities | #1 |
| role endogenous benzodiazepines | #1 |
| blood ammonia improvement | #1 |
| amines hepatic | #1 |
| ammonia brain | #1 |
| portacaval shunting activities | #1 |
| widespread alterations | #1 |
| nh4 forms neurons | #1 |
| gaba 11 | #1 |
| 100 microm manganese | #1 |
| cuznsod cox2 | #1 |
| molecular standpoint | #1 |
| pathophysiology cirrhosis | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency brains | #1 |
| failure ammonia | #1 |
| focal lactic acidosis | #1 |
| pca operation | #1 |
| antagonist pyrithiamine | #1 |
| concomitantly increased | #1 |
| tdpase encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| ro15 10 microm | #1 |
| brain edema rats | #1 |
| death wernicke | #1 |
| coa levels brain | #1 |
| reflex pdhc activities | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepines | #1 |
| encephalopathy cau | #1 |
| genes astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| brain ammonia measurement | #1 |
| experimental pse | #1 |
| in3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| receptors pca | #1 |
| pyrithiamine rats | #1 |
| taurine microsomes | #1 |
| rat sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| alf mice deletion | #1 |
| liver failure increases | #1 |
| metabolism ammonia | #1 |
| pbz binding site | #1 |
| additional thiamine | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy integrity | #1 |
| portacavalshunting | #1 |
| microsomes medium | #1 |
| ptbr ligand | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen rats | #1 |
| effective urea cycle | #1 |
| increased synthesis cell | #1 |
| symptomatic pyrithiamine | #1 |
| brain levels tmp | #1 |
| inflammation thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| 57 caudate putamen | #1 |
| experimental thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| cirrhosis brain dysfunction | #1 |
| measured homogenates | #1 |
| acute chronic hyperammonemia | #1 |
| brain altered expression | #1 |
| cerebellum 22 | #1 |
| sgc activation brain | #1 |
| ligand3hpk11195 | #1 |
| pyrithiamine quinuclidinyl | #1 |
| vulnerable medial | #1 |
| increased expression ptbribp | #1 |
| serotonin transporter deficit | #1 |
| nimesulide thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient | #1 |
| glt1 encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| αkgdh | #1 |
| cirrhosis psychometric testing | #1 |
| animal pyridinium | #1 |
| frontal cortex exp | #1 |
| tissue distribution neuropathology | #1 |
| 44433a | #1 |
| radioenzymatic assays activities | #1 |
| muscle ammonia removal | #1 |
| alf include | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia nakatpase | #1 |
| brain pregnant rats | #1 |
| restricted transfer cell | #1 |
| restricted transfer glutamine | #1 |
| autopsied brain tissue | #1 |
| establishment adult activities | #1 |
| region‐selective alterations | #1 |
| albumin dialysis systems | #1 |
| surgical rats rats | #1 |
| dose dependent swelling | #1 |
| 3h 11195 | #1 |
| fig dansyl | #1 |
| diabetes ataxia humans | #1 |
| administration novo synthesis | #1 |
| ammoniainduced decrease | #1 |
| surgical probenecid | #1 |
| 213caspartate | #1 |
| induction astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| sgc activation lymphocytes | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| cerebral disorder | #1 |
| rats thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics | #1 |
| precise role glutamine | #1 |
| wistar receptors pca | #1 |
| encephalopathy hypothermia | #1 |
| brain ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| inhibitory ammonium ions | #1 |
| leigh disease forms | #1 |
| brain osmolytes | #1 |
| deficiency tritium | #1 |
| tnfα delayed progression | #1 |
| pse csf lactate | #1 |
| encephalopathy increased | #1 |
| tmpase tdpase | #1 |
| coma pathophysiologic basis | #1 |
| response alf | #1 |
| etanercept decreased plasma | #1 |
| alf aom | #1 |
| encephalopathy expression | #1 |
| homogenates cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mice | #1 |
| ethanol preference ratio | #1 |
| reduction cognitive dysfunction | #1 |
| glutaminecycle | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral | #1 |
| ammonia liver failure | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration | #1 |
| tdpase activities loss | #1 |
| viral hepatitis alf | #1 |
| severity brain edema | #1 |
| induction epileptic patients | #1 |
| doses lcarnitine | #1 |
| spectrum neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #1 |
| cox2 ca1 subfield | #1 |
| caveolin1 pathway | #1 |
| shunted dogs | #1 |
| cerebellum sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| pca activities | #1 |
| evidence otc deficiency | #1 |
| xlinked inherited defect | #1 |
| disorder isomorphic model | #1 |
| bioaccumulation neuropathology | #1 |
| betaep brain | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptor | #1 |
| brain levels dheas | #1 |
| iotal6 | #1 |
| selective increases | #1 |
| dawley amino | #1 |
| precoma | #1 |
| mrnas ampa receptor | #1 |
| alf increases | #1 |
| 2 mm ammonia | #1 |
| material equal | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic | #1 |
| rats coma | #1 |
| experimental alf increases | #1 |
| indwelling cisterna | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients benzodiazepines | #1 |
| pathogenesis neuronal loss | #1 |
| experimental thiamine | #1 |
| thalamus wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| rats portacaval | #1 |
| hippocampus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| polyclonal antibody glt1 | #1 |
| reversal antiparkinson drugs | #1 |
| glyt1 mrna | #1 |
| acute symptomatic animals | #1 |
| loss thiamine | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase protein | #1 |
| shunted rats presence | #1 |
| 70 tk | #1 |
| serum lad friedreich | #1 |
| 2 7fold increases | #1 |
| 6hydroxydopamine anterolateral hypothalamus | #1 |
| region selective | #1 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy expression | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| r071–084 | #1 |
| csf portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| nh4oac administration | #1 |
| bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| autopsied frontal cortex | #1 |
| deficiency transketolase | #1 |
| wellestablished actions | #1 |
| ptbr alterations | #1 |
| deficiency wernicke | #1 |
| brain edema complications | #1 |
| ligand3hpirenzepine | #1 |
| loss 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| hypothermia delay | #1 |
| pfco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| pca portacaval | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| oatreated rats alf | #1 |
| brain gaba uptake | #1 |
| dha administration mnsod | #1 |
| genetic xlinked deficiency | #1 |
| increased brain | #1 |
| investigator predictions | #1 |
| alf animals expression | #1 |
| precipitation severe stages | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients densities | #1 |
| reduced thiamine intake | #1 |
| gabaa neurosteroids | #1 |
| varying degrees pss | #1 |
| encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| liver failure alterations | #1 |
| patient olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #1 |
| failure hepatic | #1 |
| 7 thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments betaactin | #1 |
| csf concentrations ammonia | #1 |
| lola reductions | #1 |
| liver failure neuroinflammation | #1 |
| relationship blood manganese | #1 |
| encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| acids aaas | #1 |
| selective loss | #1 |
| h1 receptor density | #1 |
| subclass sites | #1 |
| hypokinesia stereotaxic microinjection | #1 |
| neurotransmitter alterations prevention | #1 |
| free neurological | #1 |
| psychometric testing falls | #1 |
| congenitally hyperammonemic | #1 |
| mbr decreased expression | #1 |
| cyclase content | #1 |
| taurine hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex friedreichs | #1 |
| congenital otc | #1 |
| age time interval | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy implications | #1 |
| rendered ataxic | #1 |
| glast spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| ligand3h | #1 |
| alf rats | #1 |
| 3hmuscimol binding studies | #1 |
| brains alf rats | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| pca portacaval shunt | #1 |
| brain glutamine severity | #1 |
| binding sites cerebellum | #1 |
| hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| metabolic scavengers | #1 |
| brain major | #1 |
| brain cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemia activation | #1 |
| etanercept hepatic | #1 |
| αkgdh activities | #1 |
| veratramines action | #1 |
| catecholaminelike trace amines | #1 |
| male pyrithiamine | #1 |
| encephalopathy cerebral edema | #1 |
| seesection | #1 |
| αkgdh onset | #1 |
| malnutrition hepatic failure | #1 |
| pca rats pca | #1 |
| alanine cerebral cortex | #1 |
| ouabain doses | #1 |
| efficacy lola | #1 |
| nuclei fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| encephalopathy il1beta | #1 |
| brain ammonia reduction | #1 |
| rats acute | #1 |
| brain glutamine | #1 |
| progression prevention | #1 |
| precoma coma stages | #1 |
| coma stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| abstract5fluoromethylornithine | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy aids | #1 |
| mm nacl nacl | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl p005 | #1 |
| cns pca | #1 |
| severe encephalopathy coma | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation | #1 |
| animals thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| progressive volume increase | #1 |
| 3hpk cultured astrocytes | #1 |
| hypermmonemia | #1 |
| magna catheter | #1 |
| tdwt mice | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| activities thiamine | #1 |
| agents metabolic potential | #1 |
| ammonia central nervous | #1 |
| expression glyt1 transporter | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 ligands | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse | #1 |
| friedreich gilbert | #1 |
| control alf37 | #1 |
| type astrocytosis | #1 |
| integrity gabaa receptors | #1 |
| tk activity onset | #1 |
| thiamine daily administration | #1 |
| result toxins | #1 |
| kidney portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| deficiency selective | #1 |
| alcoholrelated brain dysfunction | #1 |
| alf hepatic | #1 |
| experimental model metabolic | #1 |
| nakatpase activities striatum | #1 |
| atrophy brain glutamate | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency implications | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis tips | #1 |
| thiamine monophosphatetmp | #1 |
| tdpase tdpase activities | #1 |
| spraguedawley statistics immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| freechoice drinking paradigm | #1 |
| microglia evidence | #1 |
| brain liver failure | #1 |
| encephalopathy vivo | #1 |
| normal conditions kidney | #1 |
| liver pca | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke | #1 |
| hyperammonemic sparse | #1 |
| findings neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| congenital ornithine | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient brain | #1 |
| bbb permeability alf | #1 |
| exp assessment | #1 |
| prior detoxification liver | #1 |
| reflex selective decreases | #1 |
| absence wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| devascularized rat | #1 |
| pca rat | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain | #1 |
| alf proinflammatory | #1 |
| monoamines hplc | #1 |
| acute male muscle | #1 |
| pca loss | #1 |
| brain thiamine metabolism | #1 |
| neuroinflammation liver failure | #1 |
| alf rats expression | #1 |
| surgical rna messenger | #1 |
| term fluorescence phenomenon | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding | #1 |
| inhibitory nh4cl | #1 |
| ammonia major roles | #1 |
| aspartate pons | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen | #1 |
| 3acetyl pyridine rats | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine | #1 |
| cell damage mechanisms | #1 |
| l‐deprenyl treatment | #1 |
| distribution 3htryptamine | #1 |
| astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| astrocyte undergoes | #1 |
| glutamate exposure ammonia | #1 |
| rats hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| prevention brain edema | #1 |
| ω3 receptor 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency neurons | #1 |
| ptbr increased expression | #1 |
| alf35 | #1 |
| pse lornithinelaspartate | #1 |
| alcoholic manganese | #1 |
| concentrations olfactory bulb | #1 |
| nh4 neurons | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase capacity | #1 |
| pathogenetic defect | #1 |
| encephalopathy nitrogen | #1 |
| selective ptbr ligand | #1 |
| pse probenecid | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase activities | #1 |
| brain astrocytes alterations | #1 |
| pbgd rat model | #1 |
| cns complications alf | #1 |
| specific l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| testis densities | #1 |
| isomorphic model predictions | #1 |
| circulating ammonia | #1 |
| circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| thiamine interactions | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| treatment mild encephalopathy | #1 |
| increased gabaergic tone | #1 |
| receptors thiamine | #1 |
| azoxymethane brain | #1 |
| downregulation glutamate transporter | #1 |
| ammonia intoxication rats | #1 |
| maternal thiamine | #1 |
| unchanged brain | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate prevention | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency 23 | #1 |
| selective damage pdhc | #1 |
| alf37 | #1 |
| mechanisms brain edema | #1 |
| hyperammonemic disorders | #1 |
| cau cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| ucds liver failure | #1 |
| fur spf | #1 |
| distribution l3hnoarg | #1 |
| ammonia metabolism disorders | #1 |
| neurological syndrome nature | #1 |
| fco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| findings reported increase | #1 |
| cirrhotic brain tissue | #1 |
| human brain ammonia | #1 |
| relation deterioration | #1 |
| flunitrazepam hepatic | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites rats | #1 |
| mice encephalopathy | #1 |
| etanercept treatment reduction | #1 |
| alterations pse | #1 |
| alf hypothermia | #1 |
| liver spf mice | #1 |
| l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| autopsy brain choline | #1 |
| pse neurotransmitter agents | #1 |
| loss transporter sites | #1 |
| mbr astrocytes | #1 |
| mmt manganese phosphate | #1 |
| seasonal ataxia | #1 |
| hippocampal sclerosis induction | #1 |
| fasting intravenous injection | #1 |
| pathogenesis hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| dissected brain tissue | #1 |
| dismutase hyperglycemic | #1 |
| hypothermia brain | #1 |
| caudate putamen sum | #1 |
| daily injections ldeprenyl | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiency | #1 |
| alpha1 isoform ec50 | #1 |
| csf benzodiazepine | #1 |
| nmda receptor alf | #1 |
| enzyme perivenous hepatocytes | #1 |
| dawley thiamine | #1 |
| reduction brain ammonia | #1 |
| liver diseases range | #1 |
| findings therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| induced stereotyped behavior | #1 |
| pse surgical probenecid | #1 |
| encephalopathy male | #1 |
| thalamus vulnerable region | #1 |
| stress alf | #1 |
| neurological symptoms normalisation | #1 |
| concentrations serotonin precursor | #1 |
| neurotransmitter function | #1 |
| activities neuronal | #1 |
| neuroprotection onset | #1 |
| hypokinesia et495 | #1 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzymes | #1 |
| raphe serotonin serotonin | #1 |
| alf mild hypothermia | #1 |
| nonvulnerable frontal cortex | #1 |
| alf relation | #1 |
| humans wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| wernicke′s encephalopathy | #1 |
| markedly impaired | #1 |
| ammonia increased expression | #1 |
| alf azoxymethane | #1 |
| previous portacaval anastomoses | #1 |
| nac neurological complications | #1 |
| superoxide dismutase rat | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 sites | #1 |
| manganese pathogenesis | #1 |
| action acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| daily pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy prevention | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency expression | #1 |
| poor nutrition vitamin | #1 |
| failure thiamine | #1 |
| direct evidence rats | #1 |
| brain distribution rats | #1 |
| protein coma stages | #1 |
| encephalopathy alcoholic | #1 |
| ammonia increased | #1 |
| offspring animal pyruvate | #1 |
| ligase hepatic | #1 |
| receptor cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| surgical rna | #1 |
| edema cytokines | #1 |
| symptoms wernicke | #1 |
| acute neurons mechanisms | #1 |
| 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| brain human experimental | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| omega 3 receptor | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency activities | #1 |
| loss gfap expression | #1 |
| oatreated rats | #1 |
| glast protein day | #1 |
| cultured cells mrna | #1 |
| hereditary familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #1 |
| s‐3h5‐fluorowillardiine | #1 |
| ammonia removal brain | #1 |
| previous exposure benzodiazepines | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic | #1 |
| serum lad patients | #1 |
| pfco fco | #1 |
| glutamine astrocyte | #1 |
| ammoniainduced reduction | #1 |
| rats alf | #1 |
| cirrhosis nature | #1 |
| rats antisense elements | #1 |
| diencephalic cerebellar | #1 |
| pca rats phosphate | #1 |
| brain prominent neurotoxin | #1 |
| alterations expression result | #1 |
| brain ammonia pca | #1 |
| tissue cirrhotic | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| nh4ac rats | #1 |
| portacaval shunted | #1 |
| brain herniation alf | #1 |
| reduction bbb breakdown | #1 |
| failure amino | #1 |
| pca cns | #1 |
| lola prevention | #1 |
| affinity ptbr | #1 |
| prophylaxis reductions | #1 |
| alzheimertype astrocytosis | #1 |
| pss dopamine hepatic | #1 |
| encephalopathy adult | #1 |
| hepatic abnormality characteristics | #1 |
| ammoniainduced inhibition | #1 |
| cerebral levels glutamine | #1 |
| disorder portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| taurine medium | #1 |
| dopamine thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation glutamine | #1 |
| prevents brain | #1 |
| serotonin precursor metabolite | #1 |
| pbz receptor densities | #1 |
| ptbribp | #1 |
| ngnitrol3harginine | #1 |
| loss righting reflexes | #1 |
| brain regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| etanercept biological plausibility | #1 |
| pca astrocytic | #1 |
| early astrocytic response | #1 |
| peripheral steroidal sources | #1 |
| osmotic disturbance | #1 |
| lola treatment | #1 |
| peripheral inflammation etanercept | #1 |
| normothermic alf rats | #1 |
| ptbrs binding | #1 |
| human hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptors | #1 |
| decreased expression glt1 | #1 |
| onset brain edema | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency humans | #1 |
| clinicallydefined entities | #1 |
| ptbr | #1 |
| pathophysiology hepatic | #1 |
| increased densities | #1 |
| edema complications | #1 |
| alf precise role | #1 |
| ammonia toxins | #1 |
| ptbr mrna | #1 |
| cerebral cortex hypokinesia | #1 |
| lcarnitine doses | #1 |
| novo synthesis gaba | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate lola | #1 |
| liver failure modulation | #1 |
| loss 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| mild hypothermia reduction | #1 |
| ldopa trace amines | #1 |
| 062 009 liter | #1 |
| spontaneous release glutamate | #1 |
| encephalopathy zidovudine | #1 |
| reduced astrocytic uptake | #1 |
| onset neurological symptoms | #1 |
| severe liver atrophy | #1 |
| rats insulin hypoglycaemia | #1 |
| precise nature | #1 |
| alf rats precoma | #1 |
| alf animal hypothermia | #1 |
| encephalopathy selective loss | #1 |
| alf evidence | #1 |
| alf nmda receptor | #1 |
| encephalopathy histamine humans | #1 |
| csf lactate accumulation | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod | #1 |
| kgdh activities | #1 |
| inhibitors acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| routine neurological evaluation | #1 |
| transketolase tk activities | #1 |
| manganese etiology | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| pyrithiaminetreated rats | #1 |
| glucose loading precipitates | #1 |
| daily injections thiamine | #1 |
| blood ammonia md | #1 |
| rats probenecid treatment | #1 |
| lcarnitinetreated | #1 |
| haloperidol humans haloperiodol | #1 |
| edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| ammonium acetate administration | #1 |
| mitochondrial enzyme αkgdh | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine | #1 |
| ω3 receptor | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl p0001 | #1 |
| thalamus thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| nakatpase activity thalamus | #1 |
| alterations brain dopamine | #1 |
| reversible symptoms | #1 |
| frontal cortex fco | #1 |
| prevention ohe | #1 |
| brains pcs rats | #1 |
| transketolase enzyme activities | #1 |
| fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| autopsy cirrhotic | #1 |
| csf ammonia control | #1 |
| cerebral cortex pca | #1 |
| severe pse | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| encephalopathy prevention | #1 |
| brains spf mice | #1 |
| experimental portal | #1 |
| rats pca | #1 |
| ptbrs | #1 |
| borne ammonia | #1 |
| igg extravasation expression | #1 |
| activities maob | #1 |
| taurine electrolyte balance | #1 |
| primary astrocytopathy | #1 |
| oxotremorine particle size | #1 |
| alzheimer type astrocytosis | #1 |
| sites thiamine | #1 |
| pca encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| increase brain extracts | #1 |
| plasma alf rats | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamate release | #1 |
| lola effective | #1 |
| pdhc step | #1 |
| glast medial thalamus | #1 |
| portacavalshunted pcs rats | #1 |
| bzrls | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient animals | #1 |
| elucidation neurotransmitter | #1 |
| preference pca | #1 |
| 24 hours pca | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency bckdh | #1 |
| liver failure upregulation | #1 |
| pca ethanol | #1 |
| neurological disorders selection | #1 |
| alf brain edema | #1 |
| synthesis intercellular transport | #1 |
| proinflammatory cytokines strategies | #1 |
| liver normal cd1 | #1 |
| mild hypothermia onset | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia rats | #1 |
| perivenous hepatocytes brain | #1 |
| decreased tdp concentrations | #1 |
| 10 microm flumazenil | #1 |
| hepatic devascularized rats | #1 |
| protective portacavalshunted rats | #1 |
| medial thalamus day | #1 |
| deficiency densities | #1 |
| manganese deposition | #1 |
| densities ptbr sites | #1 |
| rat wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| portacaval shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| lola mental state | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency synthesis | #1 |
| “peripheraltype | #1 |
| ammonia central | #1 |
| pyrithiamine pyruvate | #1 |
| neurosteroids hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| loss nmda | #1 |
| rats varying degrees | #1 |
| plasma clearance halflife | #1 |
| brain ammonia removal | #1 |
| pss degree | #1 |
| vivo cerebral microdialysis | #1 |
| pss rats | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient mothers | #1 |
| ammonia exposure brain | #1 |
| mild hypothermia alf | #1 |
| neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| azoxymethane bloodbrain barrier | #1 |
| anastomosis pca | #1 |
| acute male microglia | #1 |
| coma stages | #1 |
| alterations 3h8ohdpat | #1 |
| 90 fmol protein | #1 |
| model human disorder | #1 |
| inhibition bloodbrain transfer | #1 |
| lactate medial thalamus | #1 |
| enos gene deletion | #1 |
| selectively decreased | #1 |
| modulation nitric oxide | #1 |
| nacl mm nacl | #1 |
| nac aom | #1 |
| compounds pyrithiamine | #1 |
| selectively increased | #1 |
| rats metallic | #1 |
| aom animal hypothermia | #1 |
| aom mice nac | #1 |
| pca penicillamine | #1 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes establishment | #1 |
| fluid taurine | #1 |
| brain pse | #1 |
| encephalopathy glutamine concentrations | #2 |
| modulation sgc | #2 |
| central neuroinflammatory | #2 |
| l‐ornithine‐l‐aspartate | #2 |
| moderate grade iii | #2 |
| bergmann glial pathology | #2 |
| wks enzyme activities | #2 |
| shunted | #2 |
| concentrations ammonium chloride | #2 |
| encephalopathy aids | #2 |
| deficiency include | #2 |
| ammonia animal hepatic | #2 |
| edema hepatic | #2 |
| cns consequences | #2 |
| tdp dependent enzymes | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ohe | #2 |
| sgc brain | #2 |
| improvement mental state | #2 |
| encephalopathy portacaval | #2 |
| brain edema concentrations | #2 |
| nitric oxide brain | #2 |
| pathophysiologic mechanisms | #2 |
| ohe encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| increased levels pregnenolone | #2 |
| development ethanol preference | #2 |
| hyperammonemic brain | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent | #2 |
| rats thiamine | #2 |
| methyhistamine | #2 |
| mice acetaminophen toxicity | #2 |
| 970±079 | #2 |
| pdh activity platelets | #2 |
| encephalopathy wernicke | #2 |
| hypokinesia produced | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy controls | #2 |
| brain organic myoinositol | #2 |
| computerized autotrack | #2 |
| degree gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| male portacaval shunt | #2 |
| sites increased | #2 |
| failure alf | #2 |
| pyrithiamine induced | #2 |
| cerebellum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| precoma stages increase | #2 |
| restricted transfer | #2 |
| loss eaat2 expression | #2 |
| ouabain upregulation | #2 |
| reduced concentrations dheas | #2 |
| binding 3hpk11195 | #2 |
| cuznsod mrna cuznsod | #2 |
| death thiamine | #2 |
| nmda receptor pca | #2 |
| brain lactate synthesis | #2 |
| glutamate syndrome | #2 |
| cerebral edema loss | #2 |
| modulation brain | #2 |
| ammonia metabolism astrocytes | #2 |
| systemic encephalopathy | #2 |
| millimolar concentrations brain | #2 |
| neuroinhibitory steroids | #2 |
| thiamine bloodbrain barrier | #2 |
| pathogenesis portal | #2 |
| pallidal manganese | #2 |
| reduced brain dheas | #2 |
| increased activities | #2 |
| pyrithiamine rats rats | #2 |
| gabaa encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| taurine platelets | #2 |
| thdoc fold | #2 |
| pyrithiamine treated | #2 |
| rat brain relation | #2 |
| swelling cortical astrocytes | #2 |
| gammagba | #2 |
| reflex stage | #2 |
| lactate coma stages | #2 |
| glutamate glur2 | #2 |
| alpha kgdh | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients pathology | #2 |
| alanine frontal cortex | #2 |
| concentrations gammaguanidinobutyric acid | #2 |
| chronic thiamine | #2 |
| 3alpha5alphathp 3alpha5betathp | #2 |
| defect membrane transport | #2 |
| brain glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| activities muscle | #2 |
| aqp4 cerebral cortex | #2 |
| ammonia detoxification glutamine | #2 |
| gabaa receptor indomethacin | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheters | #2 |
| 67 coma stages | #2 |
| increased manganese | #2 |
| concentrations dheas | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy | #2 |
| mri neurological evaluation | #2 |
| portacaval anastomosis pca | #2 |
| kinetics taurine | #2 |
| brains 36 patients | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients modulation | #2 |
| experimental alf | #2 |
| responsible neurological | #2 |
| mice alf | #2 |
| fold thdoc | #2 |
| animal hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| encephalopathy major | #2 |
| dheas bdl rats | #2 |
| dheas hepatic | #2 |
| autopsy delay intervals | #2 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone fold | #2 |
| increase coma | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency patients | #2 |
| novo synthesis lactate | #2 |
| activities choline acetyltransferase | #2 |
| edematous cerebral cortex | #2 |
| gammagba nalphaacetylarginine nalphaaa | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation | #2 |
| animals hepatic | #2 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy complication | #2 |
| immunohistochemistry liver failure | #2 |
| deficient encephalopathy | #2 |
| impaired gaba function | #2 |
| astrocytic benzodiazepine | #2 |
| encephalopathy histamine | #2 |
| early precoma stages | #2 |
| ataxia animals | #2 |
| bath concentration ammonia | #2 |
| controls 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| congenital hyperammonemias | #2 |
| 3000 microg m3 | #2 |
| haloperiodol | #2 |
| pca brain regions | #2 |
| 4week portacaval | #2 |
| osmotic effects glutamine | #2 |
| glt1 increased | #2 |
| glutamine hepatic | #2 |
| 3acetyl pyridine | #2 |
| mrna expression gfap | #2 |
| diseases manganese | #2 |
| cerebral complications alf | #2 |
| neurons glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| liver spf | #2 |
| aged muscimol | #2 |
| hyperammonemia synaptosomes | #2 |
| gaba ammonia | #2 |
| protein levels glast | #2 |
| alf mrna expression | #2 |
| ammoniainduced alterations | #2 |
| 5ht turnover brain | #2 |
| ornithine aminotransferase administration | #2 |
| inbred strains glutamine | #2 |
| lornithinelaspartate | #2 |
| encephalopathy onset | #2 |
| disorder mystery | #2 |
| thiamine turnover | #2 |
| precoma coma | #2 |
| electrified grid | #2 |
| symptomatic rats | #2 |
| bckdh bckdh activity | #2 |
| gfap immunoreactivity degree | #2 |
| isomorphic models | #2 |
| neurons nmr | #2 |
| neuronal loss alterations | #2 |
| iggimmunoreactivity | #2 |
| selective increase | #2 |
| 2 flumazenil | #2 |
| increasing dheas currents | #2 |
| brain shunted rats | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheter | #2 |
| decreased reuptake | #2 |
| ammonia octanoic acid | #2 |
| hyperammonaemia hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| liver cirrhosis activation | #2 |
| 2 brain samples | #2 |
| activities maoa | #2 |
| vesicular dysfunction | #2 |
| glutamine intracranial | #2 |
| induced liver failure | #2 |
| lower levels arginine | #2 |
| allopregnanolone fold | #2 |
| ammoniainduced neurotoxicity | #2 |
| 3alpha5betathp patients | #2 |
| thirtytwo cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy patients | #2 |
| intracranial hypertension alf | #2 |
| mice congenital | #2 |
| increased brain turnover | #2 |
| 3hpk11195 brain regions | #2 |
| alpha1 sites | #2 |
| coma stages p001 | #2 |
| brain taurine concentrations | #2 |
| ammonia gabaergic neurotransmission | #2 |
| human brain contrast | #2 |
| indomethacin locomotor deficit | #2 |
| carboxamide binding | #2 |
| reduced brain levels | #2 |
| brain lactate increase | #2 |
| treatment cns complications | #2 |
| liver failure studies | #2 |
| liver failure gfap | #2 |
| densities bmax | #2 |
| phosphate sulfate mixture | #2 |
| portacaval shunting | #2 |
| kidney ammonia | #2 |
| isomorphic model | #2 |
| 26 153 | #2 |
| serum lad | #2 |
| mouse astrocytes effects | #2 |
| hydrolases aged | #2 |
| edema alf | #2 |
| reduction dopamine turnover | #2 |
| encephalopathy acute | #2 |
| thiaminedeficient mice | #2 |
| form ataxia | #2 |
| membranes tomography | #2 |
| increased novo synthesis | #2 |
| nash addition | #2 |
| tyrosine tyr levels | #2 |
| alf drug | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation loss | #2 |
| fold allopregnanolone | #2 |
| cholinergic neuronal loss | #2 |
| progression ohe | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency wks | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzyme | #2 |
| thiamine phosphorylation | #2 |
| 150 dose increase | #2 |
| body fatigue rats | #2 |
| symptoms thiamine | #2 |
| neuropsychiatric complication | #2 |
| shunted pcs | #2 |
| thp metabolites fatigue | #2 |
| plasma proinflammatory cytokines | #2 |
| sustained hyperammonemia | #2 |
| spf mutant mice | #2 |
| thiaminedeficiency | #2 |
| densities binding | #2 |
| rats portacaval anastomosis | #2 |
| ligand 3hpk | #2 |
| precoma stages p001 | #2 |
| thiamine dependent | #2 |
| model wernicke | #2 |
| pathogenesis friedreichs ataxia | #2 |
| decreased gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| vulnerable brain structures | #2 |
| brain portacaval shunting | #2 |
| loss eaat2 protein | #2 |
| pca rats allopregnanolone | #2 |
| hepatic cerebral | #2 |
| alcoholics absence | #2 |
| liver thiamine | #2 |
| enzyme deficits | #2 |
| cerebellum output | #2 |
| csf ammonia | #2 |
| brain levels neurosteroids | #2 |
| failure altered | #2 |
| cortical astrocytes ammonia | #2 |
| increase coma stages | #2 |
| dheas body fatigue | #2 |
| sustained deficiency arginine | #2 |
| alf control | #2 |
| ammonia central role | #2 |
| densities binding sites | #2 |
| dheas reduced | #2 |
| rats cortex male | #2 |
| plasma levels 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| mental state trials | #2 |
| brain dehydroepiandrosterone dhea | #2 |
| 3beta5alphathp | #2 |
| implicated pathogenesis | #2 |
| brain samples alcoholics | #2 |
| extracellular brain | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gabaa | #2 |
| pallidum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| neuropathic pain etanercept | #2 |
| hyperammonemia increased | #2 |
| ataxic animals | #2 |
| wks decreased activities | #2 |
| treatment asparagine | #2 |
| computed wernicke encephalopathy | #2 |
| disorder loss | #2 |
| cogent explanation | #3 |
| mhe lola | #3 |
| acids cerebrospinal | #3 |
| portacavalshunted rats | #3 |
| brain portocaval anastomosis | #3 |
| gfap mrna gfap | #3 |
| total brain glutamine | #3 |
| ammonia hepatic | #3 |
| encephalopathy hepatic | #3 |
| 38 alcoholic patients | #3 |
| ammonia‐induced brain edema | #3 |
| odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| effects ldeprenyl | #3 |
| βendorphin akinesia | #3 |
| il6 levels brain | #3 |
| vitro binding technique | #3 |
| pca odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| corneal reflex apomorphine | #3 |
| encephalopathy aged | #3 |
| αmt midbrain | #3 |
| cerebral cortex pons | #3 |
| turnover study rats | #3 |
| glial cells ammonia | #3 |
| increases il1beta | #3 |
| homologous models | #3 |
| male portacaval | #3 |
| congenital hyperammonemia | #3 |
| 320350 degrees | #3 |
| globus pallidus putamen | #3 |
| prevents cerebral | #3 |
| reflex serotonin βendorphin | #3 |
| hypothermia brain edema | #3 |
| ganglia structures | #3 |
| acute ammonia exposure | #3 |
| effects ro15 | #3 |
| muscle glutamine synthetase | #3 |
| ammoniainduced impairment | #3 |
| central cholinergic deficit | #3 |
| deficiency thiamine | #3 |
| repetitive removal | #3 |
| type ” | #3 |
| cirrhosis iii | #3 |
| selective brain lesions | #3 |
| increased uptake capacity | #3 |
| brain densities | #3 |
| acrylamide pyrithiamine | #3 |
| platelets 10 patients | #3 |
| precoma stages | #3 |
| brain edema alf | #3 |
| pallidus hepatic | #3 |
| predictions disorder | #3 |
| intraneuronal release | #3 |
| animals coma | #3 |
| statistical significance regions | #3 |
| cerebellum activities | #3 |
| increased ptbr | #3 |
| controls emax | #3 |
| amphetamine amphetamine animals | #3 |
| rats pyrithiamine | #3 |
| endogenous agonists role | #3 |
| treatment portalsystemic encephalopathy | #3 |
| edema intracranial | #3 |
| neuroglial proteins | #3 |
| nmda subclass | #3 |
| encephalopathy inflammation | #3 |
| severity reviews see1–4 | #3 |
| lcarnitine atp | #3 |
| 13 consecutive weeks | #3 |
| glutamates hippocampus rats | #3 |
| hepatic devascularized rat | #3 |
| strains thiamine | #3 |
| decreased concentrations striatum | #3 |
| thiamine deficiency wernicke | #3 |
| portocaval anastomosis pca | #3 |
| akinesia corneal reflex | #3 |
| medium 5 mm | #3 |
| rats pathogenesis | #3 |
| genial expression | #3 |
| adequate substrates | #3 |
| 5fmorn treatment | #3 |
| activities reduced | #3 |
| cholestasis‐associated fatigue | #3 |
| αmt βendorphin | #3 |
| humans neurotransmitter | #3 |
| increase brain lactate | #3 |
| neurobiological characterization | #3 |
| decreased concentrations αmt | #3 |
| testis preparations | #3 |
| cellspecific pathways | #3 |
| thiamine deficient | #3 |
| doubt25 | #3 |
| 5fmorn | #3 |
| rats pse | #3 |
| βendorphin decreased concentrations | #3 |
| glutamine brain edema | #3 |
| decreased aspartate | #3 |
| thiamine phosphate | #3 |
| astrocytic cell swelling | #3 |
| doubt25 ammonia | #3 |
| ammonia swelling | #3 |
| liver–brain axis | #3 |
| transketolase activities | #3 |
| ammonia brain edema | #3 |
| cirrhosis agents | #3 |
| binding sites heart | #3 |
| abstract hepatic encephalopathy | #3 |
| coma equal | #3 |
| drug situ nickend | #3 |
| midbrain turnover study | #3 |
| hyperammonemia acute | #3 |
| brain improvement | #3 |
| singlesite model | #3 |
| hepatic encephalopathy humans | #3 |
| regions cns | #3 |
| portacaval anastomosis rats | #3 |
| models thiamine | #3 |
| basal ganglia βendorphin | #3 |
| protein hepatic | #3 |
| mrna ammonia | #3 |
| neurotransmission failure | #3 |
| acids relation | #3 |
| pcs rat brain | #3 |
| cholinergic m1 | #3 |
| brain concentrations rats | #3 |
| pathogenesis central | #3 |
| astrocyte glutamine | #3 |
| ishen guidelines | #3 |
| glutamate transporter cells | #3 |
| operated controls | #3 |
| βendorphin apomorphine basal | #3 |
| ammonia energy metabolism | #3 |
| concentrations αmt | #3 |
| deficiency acidosis | #3 |
| pdh friedreich | #3 |
| deletion delays | #3 |
| homogenates frontal cortex | #3 |
| selective down‐regulation | #3 |
| coma stage | #3 |
| tetrahydrodesoxycorticosterone | #3 |
| transporter snat5 | #3 |
| rats αmt | #3 |
| major neurotransmitter systems | #3 |
| cerebellar amino | #3 |
| blood transketolase | #3 |
| addition astrocyte morphology | #3 |
| activities brains | #3 |
| peripheral‐type | #3 |
| ammonia glutamate | #3 |
| pdhc acetyl coa | #3 |
| late symptomatic stages | #3 |
| carnitine ammonia | #3 |
| abstract mild hypothermia | #3 |
| altered glial | #3 |
| akinesia βendorphin | #3 |
| tissue ornithine concentrations | #3 |
| αketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #3 |
| hepatic neurological | #3 |
| skeletal portacaval shunt | #3 |
| administration ammonium | #3 |
| 3hdaspartate uptake | #3 |
| ammoniatreated cells | #3 |
| synthesis aspartate | #3 |
| mk‐801‐sensitive nitration | #3 |
| kornetsky | #3 |
| lobe hepatic | #3 |
| autotrack | #3 |
| bckdh activity rats | #3 |
| potent neuroactive properties | #3 |
| animals profiles | #3 |
| rats glutamates hippocampus | #3 |
| hepatobiliary route | #3 |
| onset neurological signs | #3 |
| electrically stimulated release | #3 |
| pallidal signals | #3 |
| signs mild personality | #3 |
| pbgd study | #3 |
| decreased densities | #3 |
| protective glutamine | #3 |
| alf animals | #3 |
| alcoholics wks | #3 |
| pse increased | #4 |
| tdinduced cell death | #4 |
| loss glt1 | #4 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine | #4 |
| brain hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| astrocytic genes | #4 |
| guanylate cyclase patients | #4 |
| locomotor evaluation | #4 |
| amino acids regions | #4 |
| alcoholism thiamine | #4 |
| shunted rats | #4 |
| cbf inflammatory mediators | #4 |
| thiamine deficient animals | #4 |
| glt1 transcript | #4 |
| newly synthesized glutamine | #4 |
| total shunting | #4 |
| rats portacaval shunting | #4 |
| liver brain | #4 |
| regional amino | #4 |
| benzodiazepines increase | #4 |
| shamoperated controls | #4 |
| administration central | #4 |
| increased concentrations prostaglandins | #4 |
| locomotor deficit | #4 |
| albumin dialysis alf | #4 |
| activities glutamine synthetase | #4 |
| 13 moles | #4 |
| thiamine deficiency rats | #4 |
| activities prefrontal cortex | #4 |
| otcdeficient mice | #4 |
| thp metabolites | #4 |
| 6 hrs alf | #4 |
| ouabain ec50 | #4 |
| 5 mm nh4cl | #4 |
| inflammation mediators icp | #4 |
| calcium microsomes | #4 |
| arterial ammonia alf | #4 |
| ouabainlike compounds | #4 |
| postmortem delay interval | #4 |
| taurine friedreichs ataxia | #4 |
| mmars time | #4 |
| liver central | #4 |
| thiamine thiamine pyrophosphate | #4 |
| brain glutamic | #4 |
| postsynaptic action | #4 |
| amino acids areas | #4 |
| onset severe encephalopathy | #4 |
| animals liver failure | #4 |
| subclinical seizure activity | #4 |
| alf brain | #4 |
| izuru matsumoto | #4 |
| treatment hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| neurotransmitter dysfunction | #4 |
| acute ammonia treatment | #4 |
| brain pregnenolone content | #4 |
| affinities densities | #4 |
| time mmars | #4 |
| brain dopamine receptor | #4 |
| acute liver failure | #4 |
| rats asparagine | #4 |
| encephalopathy coma | #4 |
| increased icp alf | #4 |
| inos mnsod | #4 |
| condition development | #4 |
| transketolase wernicke | #4 |
| effects mild hypothermia | #4 |
| normal coupling | #4 |
| anastomosis rat | #4 |
| thiamine‐deficient rat brain | #4 |
| deoxyglucose endothelium | #4 |
| brain edema increase | #4 |
| ammonia levels blood | #4 |
| thiamine antagonist | #4 |
| inbred strains ammonia | #4 |
| plasma clearance groups | #4 |
| lornithine laspartate | #4 |
| vitro techniques ketoglutarate | #4 |
| ions synaptic | #4 |
| brain neuroinflammation | #4 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #4 |
| early microglial response | #4 |
| severe neuronal dysfunction | #4 |
| astrocytic metabolic | #4 |
| p001 hypothermia | #4 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms patients | #4 |
| icp arterial ammonia | #4 |
| mmars increased icp | #4 |
| activities brain | #4 |
| cerebral cortex kidney | #4 |
| brain 5ht release | #4 |
| xlinked deficiency | #4 |
| alf | #4 |
| brain energy failure | #4 |
| ornithine aspartate | #4 |
| thiamine diphosphatase | #4 |
| tspo sites | #4 |
| carnitine energy | #4 |
| protein expression brain | #4 |
| expression alf | #4 |
| hepatocytes ascorbate | #4 |
| patients wernicke | #4 |
| mmars brain water | #4 |
| maoa isoform | #4 |
| surgical rna rats | #4 |
| cerebral amino acids | #4 |
| synaptic membrane preparations | #4 |
| edema gene | #4 |
| rats βendorphin | #4 |
| degree alzheimer type | #4 |
| mhe mildest form | #4 |
| decreased activities | #4 |
| arterial ammonia mmars | #4 |
| elevated ammonia levels | #4 |
| histaminergic histamine | #4 |
| ischemic liver failure | #4 |
| alcohol thiamine deficiency | #4 |
| rat brain pca | #4 |
| aged pyruvate | #4 |
| opioid pca | #4 |
| cases alcohol abuse | #4 |
| sham mmars | #4 |
| tdpase | #4 |
| thiochrome derivatives | #4 |
| alf expression | #4 |
| brain thiamine | #4 |
| gaba friedreich | #4 |
| increased brain glutamine | #4 |
| activities choline | #5 |
| alcoholic receptors | #5 |
| neurological status | #5 |
| thiamine status | #5 |
| encephalopathy cerebral | #5 |
| result altered | #5 |
| ammonia lowering | #5 |
| latenight snack | #5 |
| brain glutamate concentrations | #5 |
| cerebral hepatic | #5 |
| onset coma | #5 |
| gait animals | #5 |
| wernicke | #5 |
| convulsions onset | #5 |
| branchedchain analysis | #5 |
| liver disease rats | #5 |
| spectroscopy tomography emissioncomputed | #5 |
| maoa function | #5 |
| aspartate lola | #5 |
| chronic exposure manganese | #5 |
| cns ammonia | #5 |
| acetyl pyridine | #5 |
| studied brain | #5 |
| tissue autopsy | #5 |
| currents concentrations | #5 |
| genetics astrocytes blotting | #5 |
| brain ammonia | #5 |
| allopregnanolone gabaa | #5 |
| pse encephalopathy humans | #5 |
| extracellular quin | #5 |
| intracranial hypertension rats | #5 |
| ammonia removal | #5 |
| acute magnetic | #5 |
| 45 cirrhotic patients | #5 |
| tpp cofactor | #5 |
| publication animals rats | #5 |
| complication acute | #5 |
| patients hepatic | #5 |
| maoa activities | #5 |
| alterations glutamatergic | #5 |
| mild personality | #5 |
| responsible brain | #5 |
| prevention prophylaxis | #5 |
| astrocytic | #5 |
| sites peripheral | #5 |
| kinetics pharmacology | #5 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gaba | #5 |
| vulnerable brain | #5 |
| brain histamine receptors | #5 |
| congenital urea | #5 |
| brain acute | #5 |
| saturation binding isotherms | #5 |
| acute rats rats | #5 |
| manganese astrocytes | #5 |
| pregnenolone content | #5 |
| alf ammonia | #5 |
| mmars | #5 |
| treatment malnutrition | #5 |
| increases ammonia | #5 |
| activities cerebellum | #5 |
| cytokines ammonia | #5 |
| rats portacaval shunts | #5 |
| ammonia metabolism | #5 |
| spf mice controls | #5 |
| exposure cultured astrocytes | #5 |
| pet scan study | #5 |
| surgical receptors | #5 |
| ammonia muscle | #5 |
| neurotransmitter pool | #5 |
| age matched subjects | #5 |
| hyperammonemia liver | #5 |
| tk activities | #5 |
| rats fatigue | #5 |
| homologous model | #5 |
| methioninesulfoximine | #5 |
| reduction glutamate | #5 |
| topic rifaximin | #5 |
| hand densities | #5 |
| anterolateral hypothalamus | #5 |
| amino acid regions | #5 |
| kstimulated ca2dependent release | #5 |
| hexyl1h | #5 |
| monoamines metabolites | #5 |
| activities gad | #5 |
| glutamine hypothesis | #5 |
| adequate experimental models | #5 |
| amino acids pathogenesis | #5 |
| sustained deficiency | #5 |
| thiaminedeficient diet | #5 |
| medial thalamus | #5 |
| allopregnanolone thdoc | #5 |
| glur2 glur3 subunits | #5 |
| content modulation | #5 |
| laspartate lola | #5 |
| kgdh | #5 |
| reserpinelike | #5 |
| liver assist devices | #5 |
| vulnerable regions | #5 |
| glutamate symporters | #5 |
| transporter sites | #5 |
| enzymes pyruvate | #6 |
| tmpase | #6 |
| central proinflammatory | #6 |
| enzymes brains | #6 |
| righting reflexes | #6 |
| capacity removal | #6 |
| mice nacetylcysteine | #6 |
| output cerebellum | #6 |
| brain cirrhotic | #6 |
| mars alf | #6 |
| induced thiamine | #6 |
| cerebellum caudate nucleus | #6 |
| alf nac | #6 |
| 3nmol | #6 |
| lola improvement | #6 |
| dha administration | #6 |
| encephalopathy humans | #6 |
| direct neurotoxic | #6 |
| hepatic encephalopathy effects | #6 |
| astrocyte cell volume | #6 |
| glast transporter | #6 |
| gabaergic tone | #6 |
| brain benzodiazepine | #6 |
| nencki | #6 |
| unaltered distribution | #6 |
| term fluorescence | #6 |
| 14c taurine | #6 |
| hyperammonemic | #6 |
| fur mice | #6 |
| glt1 brain | #6 |
| dogs hepatic encephalopathy | #6 |
| acetyl lcarnitine | #6 |
| pca sham | #6 |
| plasma frontal cortex | #6 |
| basal ganglia structures | #6 |
| humans hyperammonemia | #6 |
| ammonia glutamine | #6 |
| deterioration neurological | #6 |
| relationship neurological symptoms | #6 |
| ascorbate protects | #6 |
| thiamine phosphate esters | #6 |
| glt1 glast protein | #6 |
| frontal cortex rats | #6 |
| platelets 11 patients | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding sites | #6 |
| inflammatory mediators groups | #6 |
| controls arginine | #6 |
| perispinal etanercept | #6 |
| implications pathogenesis | #6 |
| arginine brain | #6 |
| disease ammonia | #6 |
| fmorn | #6 |
| endstage liver failure | #6 |
| activities liver | #6 |
| cerebral amino | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding | #6 |
| increased glut1 expression | #6 |
| benzodiazepine intake | #6 |
| expression astrocytic genes | #6 |
| dehydrogenase pdhc | #6 |
| thiamine esters | #6 |
| increased expression aqp4 | #6 |
| blood‐brain barrier integrity | #6 |
| concomitant 24fold increase | #6 |
| receptors hepatic | #6 |
| models alf | #6 |
| alphaketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #6 |
| liver failure | #6 |
| nac alf | #6 |
| hypothermia alf | #6 |
| cerebral cortex activities | #6 |
| severe thiamine deficiency | #7 |
| igg immunohistochemistry | #7 |
| pregnant rats offspring | #7 |
| edema plasma | #7 |
| glutamate acute | #7 |
| inhibitor src | #7 |
| glutamine increased | #7 |
| vpmt | #7 |
| pca pss | #7 |
| 70 mm kcl | #7 |
| perineuronal astrocytes | #7 |
| thiamine absorption | #7 |
| notion activation | #7 |
| central neuroinflammation | #7 |
| animal hepatic | #7 |
| hiaa increased | #7 |
| neurological symptoms | #7 |
| 3htryptamine | #7 |
| icp alf | #7 |
| frontal cortex controls | #7 |
| neuronal cell loss | #7 |
| metallic phosphate | #7 |
| alf sham | #7 |
| surgical rats | #7 |
| transporter deficit | #7 |
| tdp ttp | #7 |
| flumazenil 10 microm | #7 |
| wernicke‐korsakoff syndrome | #7 |
| chemistry disease | #7 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities patients | #7 |
| uremic coma | #7 |
| thiamine dependent enzymes | #7 |
| mediators liver | #7 |
| liver hepatic encephalopathy | #7 |
| ischemia hyperglycemic | #7 |
| hepatic encephalopathy studies | #7 |
| acute minocycline | #7 |
| increased cerebellum | #7 |
| cyclase hepatic | #7 |
| neuroinhibitory | #7 |
| failure acute | #7 |
| columbia rating scale | #7 |
| loss transporter | #7 |
| l3harginine uptake | #7 |
| brain glutamate | #7 |
| alf arterial ammonia | #7 |
| astrocytic transporters | #7 |
| ammonia kidney | #7 |
| concentrations allopregnanolone | #7 |
| swelling astrocytes | #7 |
| flumazenil patients | #7 |
| nutritional management patients | #7 |
| size portacaval | #7 |
| edema extracellular | #7 |
| rats ammonium acetate | #7 |
| fatigue severity patients | #7 |
| alcoholic brain damage | #7 |
| typical friedreichs ataxia | #7 |
| glutamine synthesis ammonia | #7 |
| fulminant liver failure | #7 |
| kcl medium | #7 |
| encephalopathy findings | #7 |
| central benzodiazepine receptors | #7 |
| tppdependent enzymes | #7 |
| cerebral alterations alf | #7 |
| chronic deprivation | #7 |
| gdh activities | #7 |
| transketolase animals | #7 |
| skeletal muscle adapts | #7 |
| chronic brain dysfunction | #8 |
| elfar adalsteinsson | #8 |
| active pyruvate dehydrogenase | #8 |
| autopsied human | #8 |
| disease gad | #8 |
| synthesis lactate | #8 |
| clive harper | #8 |
| izuru | #8 |
| sourkes | #8 |
| cerebellum activation | #8 |
| prefrontal nmda | #8 |
| activities glutamine | #8 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral ischemia | #8 |
| nmda sites | #8 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral | #8 |
| measurement cell volume | #8 |
| regional alterations | #8 |
| alterations modulation | #8 |
| ammonium ions | #8 |
| neurobehavioral damage | #8 |
| falls cirrhosis | #8 |
| tellez | #8 |
| intracranial pressure increase | #8 |
| peter dodd | #8 |
| cirrhotic patients | #8 |
| rindi | #8 |
| receptors mitochondrial | #8 |
| portocaval anastomosis | #8 |
| lactate synthesis | #8 |
| neuroprotective steroids | #8 |
| induced akinesia | #8 |
| gaba reverse | #8 |
| portalsystemic shunting | #8 |
| cells ammonia | #8 |
| voluntary ethanol consumption | #8 |
| probenecid 5 | #8 |
| arterial ammonia concentrations | #8 |
| direct toxic actions | #8 |
| dependent enzymes | #8 |
| spraguedawley temporal lobe | #8 |
| thalamus cerebellum | #8 |
| content frontal cortex | #8 |
| brain ammonia levels | #8 |
| antisense elements genetics | #8 |
| ammonia metabolites | #8 |
| result decreased | #8 |
| alcohol thiamine | #8 |
| ultraviolet uv spectrum | #8 |
| expression glyt1 | #8 |
| neuropathologic consequences | #8 |
| normal metabolic balance | #8 |
| 3alpha5betathp | #8 |
| ammonia hyperammonemia | #8 |
| study binding sites | #8 |
| loss congenital | #8 |
| complications liver disease | #8 |
| alcohol brain damage | #8 |
| brain increased expression | #8 |
| strains ornithine | #8 |
| synthesis thiamine | #8 |
| taurine ca2 | #8 |
| central noradrenergic function | #8 |
| concentrations thdoc | #8 |
| assessment bioaccumulation | #8 |
| tests ataxia | #8 |
| proinflammatory mediators expression | #8 |
| alf administration | #8 |
| affinity glutamate uptake | #8 |
| 37 decrease | #9 |
| ammonia induced | #9 |
| portacaval rat | #9 |
| binding sites brain | #9 |
| glucose hypothermia | #9 |
| neurotoxic substance | #9 |
| acid hepatic | #9 |
| manganese dust | #9 |
| nonneuronal elements | #9 |
| gabaa tissue distribution | #9 |
| acute rats | #9 |
| glutamate receptor ligands | #9 |
| protein glut1 | #9 |
| portal hypertension result | #9 |
| binding sites nmda | #9 |
| acute nitric oxide | #9 |
| thiamine monophosphatase | #9 |
| central gabaa receptor | #9 |
| joanne lewohl | #9 |
| cerebellum medulla oblongata | #9 |
| cerebral ammonia toxicity | #9 |
| pcs rats | #9 |
| pallidal signal | #9 |
| mechanisms responsible | #9 |
| sham alf | #9 |
| autopsied brain | #9 |
| observed frontal | #9 |
| brain postsynaptic | #9 |
| edema rats | #9 |
| acute hyperammonemia | #9 |
| transcarbamylase otc | #9 |
| animals acute | #9 |
| taurine binding | #9 |
| glial tca cycle | #9 |
| vulnerable brain regions | #9 |
| hepatic coma | #9 |
| taurine calcium | #9 |
| hepatocerebral | #9 |
| 5fluoromethylornithine | #9 |
| adolf pfefferbaum | #9 |
| activities skeletal muscle | #9 |
| perispinal administration | #9 |
| disease thiamine | #9 |
| rat brain density | #9 |
| arterial ammonia concentration | #9 |
| order address | #9 |
| sites frontal | #9 |
| glutamate glt1 | #9 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ammonia | #9 |
| brain herniation | #9 |
| glyt1 transporter | #9 |
| mild hypothermia | #9 |
| ammonia key role | #9 |
| hyperammonemia liver cirrhosis | #9 |
| 11 cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| kinetics distribution | #9 |
| rats phosphate | #9 |
| ammonia neurotoxicity | #9 |
| prevention complications | #9 |
| gaba reference | #9 |
| neuroinhibition | #9 |
| ammonia binding | #9 |
| male cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| edith sullivan | #9 |
| 200 appearance | #10 |
| neuroactive amino acids | #10 |
| rats stereotyped behavior | #10 |
| mechanisms include | #10 |
| thalamic structures | #10 |
| encephalopathy cirrhotic | #10 |
| selective brain regions | #10 |
| disorders include | #10 |
| identification alterations | #10 |
| subsequent gc analysis | #10 |
| glutamine synthesis astrocytes | #10 |
| model alf | #10 |
| fur mouse | #10 |
| encephalopathy grade | #10 |
| cerebral consequences | #10 |
| decreased glutamate | #10 |
| brain pca | #10 |
| dissected material | #10 |
| cerebellum pons | #10 |
| neurological symptomatology | #10 |
| rats nimesulide | #10 |
| stress thiamine | #10 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder | #10 |
| swelling ammonia | #10 |
| bdl surgery | #10 |
| progression hepatic encephalopathy | #10 |
| rat leads | #10 |
| loss reflex | #10 |
| anastomosis hepatic | #10 |
| labeling glutamine | #10 |
| mechanisms tnfalpha | #10 |
| complication chronic | #10 |
| deficiency congenital | #10 |
| 3hketanserin binding sites | #10 |
| affinities binding sites | #10 |
| nh4 forms | #10 |
| glutathione levels expression | #10 |
| massive brain edema | #10 |
| mechanisms free radicals | #10 |
| activation pathogenesis | #10 |
| cord taurine | #10 |
| expression superoxide | #10 |
| mnsod cuznsod | #10 |
| 10 mm concentration | #10 |
| nh4ac | #10 |
| rats daily injections | #10 |
| brain edema | #10 |
| 3omethylglucose animals animals | #10 |
| flumazenil hepatic | #10 |
| thiamine transketolase | #10 |
| urea cycle enzymopathies | #10 |
| thiamine replenishment | #10 |
| ammonia study | #10 |
| hrqol mhe | #10 |
| 3hpk | #10 |
| hyperammonemias | #11 |
| increased expression brain | #11 |
| manganese blood | #11 |
| pca p005 | #11 |
| brain liver | #11 |
| ammonia astrocytes | #11 |
| brain increased | #11 |
| studies convincing evidence | #11 |
| oxidative nitrosative stress | #11 |
| experimental design limitations | #11 |
| benzodiazepines neurosteroids | #11 |
| alterations brain | #11 |
| halflife age | #11 |
| impaired locomotor activity | #11 |
| isoforms mrna | #11 |
| benzodiazepine bdz receptors | #11 |
| fluoromethylornithine | #11 |
| rats nh4cl | #11 |
| cirrhotic patients relationship | #11 |
| amino acids rats | #11 |
| time icp | #11 |
| benzodiazepinelike compounds | #11 |
| glutamate gammaaminobutyric acid | #11 |
| portal systemic | #11 |
| pca brain | #11 |
| 1h‐13c | #11 |
| ammonia pathogenesis | #11 |
| patients gabaa | #11 |
| ammonia amino acids | #11 |
| pdh alpha | #11 |
| hypothermia liver | #11 |
| brain h1 | #11 |
| brain alf | #11 |
| ammonia animals rats | #11 |
| signal hyperintensity | #11 |
| dehydrogenase alpha | #11 |
| gabaergic tonic currents | #11 |
| dawley thalamus | #11 |
| cerebral vulnerability | #11 |
| deficiency brain | #11 |
| impaired oxidation | #11 |
| capacity ammonia | #11 |
| biosynthetic purposes | #11 |
| reduced activities | #11 |
| placebo benzodiazepines | #11 |
| brain slices synaptosomes | #12 |
| cerebellar tissue | #12 |
| thiamin triphosphate | #12 |
| ammonia amino | #12 |
| mm nh4cl | #12 |
| ammonia animals | #12 |
| deficiency amino | #12 |
| humans ketoglutarate | #12 |
| pairfed control mice | #12 |
| total glutamine | #12 |
| humans hepatic | #12 |
| neuroactive amino | #12 |
| binding medium | #12 |
| shunt surgical | #12 |
| increased ammonia | #12 |
| selective inactivator | #12 |
| brains rats | #12 |
| thiamine deficient diet | #12 |
| brain chronic | #12 |
| acetyltransferase disease | #12 |
| anaplerotic activity | #12 |
| selective loss expression | #12 |
| ammonia salts | #12 |
| improvement neurological symptoms | #12 |
| binding sites ligands | #12 |
| rats glut1 | #12 |
| thalamus cerebral cortex | #12 |
| aqp4 brain edema | #12 |
| perispinal | #12 |
| patients frontal cortex | #12 |
| subclinical encephalopathy | #12 |
| selective radioligands | #12 |
| prevention hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| ammonia | #12 |
| microglial activation brain | #12 |
| clinical hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| igg extravasation | #12 |
| mild hypothermia patients | #12 |
| diphosphate form | #12 |
| p005 pca | #12 |
| contribute pathogenesis | #12 |
| loss righting | #12 |
| blood manganese concentrations | #12 |
| hyperammonemia liver failure | #12 |
| ampa receptor glur2 | #13 |
| expression ammonia | #13 |
| loss chat | #13 |
| role selective vulnerability | #13 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone | #13 |
| veratramine | #13 |
| neurosteroids gabaa | #13 |
| cytokines hepatic | #13 |
| hyperglycemic ischemia | #13 |
| butyrylglycine | #13 |
| greatest vulnerability | #13 |
| amino acids lactate | #13 |
| survival liver injury | #13 |
| presence hippocampal sclerosis | #13 |
| levels octopamine | #13 |
| development severe encephalopathy | #13 |
| hyperammonemic conditions | #13 |
| regions rat brain | #13 |
| gfap protein | #13 |
| sites brain | #13 |
| transcarbamylase deficiency | #13 |
| hyperammonemia ammonia | #13 |
| acute ammonia | #13 |
| treatment liver failure | #13 |
| endogenous neuropeptide ligands | #13 |
| loss gfap | #13 |
| brain water accumulation | #13 |
| body fatigue | #13 |
| ammonia manganese | #13 |
| cerebral edema icp | #13 |
| increased copper content | #13 |
| blood csf concentrations | #13 |
| patients flumazenil | #13 |
| peripheral nerve conduction | #13 |
| pallidal dopamine | #13 |
| liver toxins | #13 |
| tissuespecific alterations | #13 |
| complex ketone | #13 |
| neuroprotection pretreatment | #13 |
| frontal cortex administration | #13 |
| increased brain lactate | #13 |
| hepatic encephalopathy patients | #13 |
| hand activities | #13 |
| increased csf concentrations | #13 |
| growing body evidence | #13 |
| ishen | #13 |
| ammonia cytokines | #13 |
| thiamine intake | #13 |
| postsynaptic gaba | #13 |
| evidence central | #13 |
| αmt | #14 |
| aged biogenic | #14 |
| cerebellum cerebellar cortex | #14 |
| models hepatic | #14 |
| systemic shunting | #14 |
| hypothermia reduction | #14 |
| sparse fur | #14 |
| pathogenesis | #14 |
| striatum concentrations | #14 |
| manganese distribution | #14 |
| portacaval rats | #14 |
| antibiotic minocycline | #14 |
| 8024 | #14 |
| ataxia neurological signs | #14 |
| brain energy metabolites | #14 |
| mammillary body atrophy | #14 |
| clinical neurological signs | #14 |
| gfap aqp4 | #14 |
| glutamine concentrations | #14 |
| purkinje cell terminals | #15 |
| white matter cbf | #15 |
| hyperintensity patients | #15 |
| role thiamine | #15 |
| manganese phosphate | #15 |
| acute liver | #15 |
| portocaval shunts | #15 |
| glur3 subunits | #15 |
| fulminant liver | #15 |
| cirrhosis systematic review | #15 |
| vulnerable region | #15 |
| astrocytic volume | #15 |
| activity pdhc | #15 |
| gabaa reference values | #15 |
| moderate drinkers | #15 |
| treatment measurement | #15 |
| failure encephalopathy | #15 |
| 3hpk 11195 | #15 |
| apaptreated mice | #15 |
| alcoholic brain | #15 |
| cerebral complications | #15 |
| microglial activation neuroinflammation | #15 |
| thiamin metabolism | #15 |
| 3hquisqualate | #15 |
| ataxics | #15 |
| brain modulation | #16 |
| glutamine increase | #16 |
| encephalopathy liver | #16 |
| pathophysiologic cascade | #16 |
| nonvulnerable | #16 |
| new prospects | #16 |
| benzodiazepine ligands | #16 |
| agonal status | #16 |
| hypothesises | #16 |
| cirrhosis ammonia | #16 |
| encephalopathy chronic | #16 |
| gabaa receptor complex | #16 |
| addition degree | #16 |
| taurine brain | #16 |
| endothelial glucose | #16 |
| hypothermia 35 | #16 |
| benzodiazepine gaba | #16 |
| hepatic metabolic pathways | #16 |
| isoform gene | #16 |
| distribution tritium | #16 |
| socalled type | #16 |
| new mechanistic basis | #16 |
| animal modelling | #16 |
| encephalopathy loss | #16 |
| brain proinflammatory | #16 |
| pcs sham | #16 |
| wks | #16 |
| proteins implicated | #16 |
| isoquinoline carboxamide | #17 |
| endogenous benzodiazepines | #17 |
| early microglial | #17 |
| 4fold increases | #17 |
| cortical astrocyte | #17 |
| acid thiamine | #17 |
| reprint | #17 |
| encephalopathy rats | #17 |
| acids ammonia | #17 |
| early glial | #17 |
| platelets dopamine | #17 |
| cox2 expression immunohistochemistry | #17 |
| pathogenesis complications | #17 |
| vulnerable structures | #17 |
| day heavy drinking | #17 |
| patient malnutrition | #17 |
| loss liver | #17 |
| ammonia induces | #17 |
| liver disease mice | #17 |
| upregulation aqp4 | #17 |
| surgical construction | #17 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms | #17 |
| benzoate therapy | #17 |
| glutamate enzyme | #17 |
| pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #17 |
| onset convulsions | #17 |
| cerebellum enzyme | #17 |
| glutamine phenylalanine | #17 |
| absence ammonia | #17 |
| excess ammonia | #17 |
| complications malnutrition | #17 |
| activation sgc | #17 |
| antibiotic rifaximin | #17 |
| dependent enzyme | #17 |
| synthetase activities | #17 |
| compared pair | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff | #18 |
| astrocytes blotting | #18 |
| concentrations kcl | #18 |
| astrocytic glutamine synthetase | #18 |
| neuropathological damage | #18 |
| coa levels | #18 |
| activities alpha | #18 |
| encephalopathy patients | #18 |
| bbb igg | #18 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic patients | #18 |
| result molecules | #18 |
| reversible coma | #18 |
| binding sites hippocampus | #18 |
| 11195 binding | #18 |
| neuropathologic evaluation | #18 |
| doserelated reduction | #18 |
| administration aom | #18 |
| neurological psychiatric | #18 |
| patients therapeutic options | #18 |
| selective neuronal | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff syndrome | #18 |
| type benzodiazepine | #18 |
| condition evidence | #18 |
| prevention progression | #18 |
| autopsied | #18 |
| portocaval shunting | #18 |
| beta endorphin betaep | #18 |
| brain regions rat | #18 |
| generalized reduction | #18 |
| active pyruvate | #18 |
| 13c isotopomer analysis | #18 |
| acids glutamate | #19 |
| serum ammonia levels | #19 |
| agents hepatic | #19 |
| expression result | #19 |
| increase brain water | #19 |
| glutamates glutamine | #19 |
| complications acute | #19 |
| treatment mhe | #19 |
| rats stages | #19 |
| csf concentrations 5hiaa | #19 |
| cholinergic cell loss | #19 |
| brain lactate | #19 |
| disease frontal | #19 |
| astrocytic neuronal | #19 |
| energy metabolism brain | #19 |
| cirrhotic patients controls | #19 |
| free coa | #19 |
| distribution binding | #19 |
| endogenous benzodiazepine | #19 |
| control groups animals | #19 |
| equal age | #19 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase | #19 |
| blood manganese | #19 |
| response neurodegeneration | #19 |
| outcome prevention | #19 |
| severe encephalopathy | #19 |
| pathophysiology hepatic encephalopathy | #19 |
| brain peripheral | #19 |
| 125iiodopindolol | #19 |
| synthetase protein | #19 |
| lola patients | #19 |
| errors mice | #19 |
| exposure cultured | #19 |
| pallidal hyperintensity | #20 |
| alf mars | #20 |
| brain autopsy samples | #20 |
| diencephalic | #20 |
| adequate dietary protein | #20 |
| animal frontal | #20 |
| acute ammonia toxicity | #20 |
| animals tests | #20 |
| aids patients patients | #20 |
| regions rat | #20 |
| glutamate increased | #20 |
| syndrome wks | #20 |
| glutamate nmda receptors | #20 |
| benzodiazepine medication | #20 |
| rats patients | #20 |
| biochemical lesion | #20 |
| expression oxidative stress | #20 |
| volume plasmapheresis | #20 |
| effects neurosteroids | #20 |
| coma brain | #20 |
| l3harginine | #20 |
| bbb alterations | #20 |
| brain organic osmolytes | #20 |
| lola | #20 |
| failure skeletal | #21 |
| mhe encephalopathy humans | #21 |
| plasma ammonia concentrations | #21 |
| glast protein | #21 |
| mild hypothermia survival | #21 |
| sgc nitric oxide | #21 |
| tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone | #21 |
| transport ammonia | #21 |
| direct neurotoxic effects | #21 |
| 5 p0001 | #21 |
| cisterna magna csf | #21 |
| blood–brain barrier permeability | #21 |
| 3alpha5alphathp | #21 |
| deficiency synthesis | #21 |
| selective loss neurons | #21 |
| 8094 | #21 |
| hyperammonemia rats | #21 |
| metabolic trafficking | #21 |
| nakatpase activities | #21 |
| symptomatic stages | #21 |
| protective hypothermia | #21 |
| alanine increased | #21 |
| endorphin induced | #21 |
| vivo cerebral | #21 |
| exposed manganese | #22 |
| gaba regions | #22 |
| stereotyped behavior rats | #22 |
| sham operation rats | #22 |
| distribution amino acids | #22 |
| 3alpha5beta | #22 |
| temporal cortex cerebellum | #22 |
| brain experimental | #22 |
| inbred strains cns | #22 |
| alf infection | #22 |
| hepatic carnitine | #22 |
| gabaa receptors humans | #22 |
| zieve | #22 |
| 3hafdx | #22 |
| characterized model | #22 |
| normal circumstances | #22 |
| antiparkinson drugs | #22 |
| deficiency alterations | #22 |
| sites measured | #22 |
| acute hepatic encephalopathy | #22 |
| partial inverse agonists | #22 |
| cerebral cortex brainstem | #22 |
| effects glutamate | #22 |
| brain alanine | #22 |
| concentrations glycine | #22 |
| sites cerebral | #22 |
| amino acids model | #23 |
| increased sites | #23 |
| portal systemic encephalopathy | #23 |
| diphosphate dependent | #23 |
| astrocytic protein | #23 |
| treatment sarcopenia | #23 |
| oxidative stress nac | #23 |
| hippocampus thalamus | #23 |
| impaired absorption | #23 |
| proinflammatory cytokines mice | #23 |
| ammonia lactate | #23 |
| marrero | #23 |
| bckdh activity | #23 |
| glutamine taurine | #23 |
| mm ammonia | #23 |
| cortex male rats | #23 |
| cerebral gaba | #23 |
| glutamine accumulation | #23 |
| neuropathological evaluation | #23 |
| glutamine neurons | #23 |
| dewhurst | #23 |
| brain cell function | #23 |
| gabaa steroids | #23 |
| aspartate alanine | #23 |
| ammonia liver | #23 |
| brain neurosteroid | #23 |
| thiamine homeostasis | #23 |
| deficiency animals | #23 |
| encephalopathy ammonia | #24 |
| serotonin 5ht metabolism | #24 |
| neuropathologic studies | #24 |
| controls cirrhotic | #24 |
| p005 activities | #24 |
| ” ligands | #24 |
| brain coenzyme | #24 |
| pathophysiological levels | #24 |
| external warming | #24 |
| sites ligands | #24 |
| activites | #24 |
| katpase src | #25 |
| cns complication | #25 |
| human experimental | #25 |
| extracellular glutamine | #25 |
| severe muscle damage | #25 |
| synthase activities | #25 |
| mousseau | #25 |
| deficiency regulation | #25 |
| malnutrition chronic | #25 |
| glutamine synthesis | #25 |
| glutamine liver | #25 |
| copper zinc concentrations | #25 |
| sites glutamate | #25 |
| 11195 | #25 |
| transketolase tk | #25 |
| chronic hepatic | #25 |
| ammonia reduction | #25 |
| inhalation exposure rats | #25 |
| damage dysfunction | #25 |
| nmdareceptor | #25 |
| cytotoxic brain edema | #25 |
| uptake 14c | #25 |
| pathogenesis cerebral | #26 |
| alanine concentrations | #26 |
| pathophysiological significance | #26 |
| arterial ammonia levels | #26 |
| synthesis amino acids | #26 |
| treatment hepatic | #26 |
| failure increased | #26 |
| 60p | #26 |
| fluid amino | #26 |
| aqp4 levels | #26 |
| adult patterns | #26 |
| anastomosis rats | #26 |
| oxidative stress processes | #26 |
| ketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #26 |
| 17 39 | #26 |
| concentrations ammonia | #26 |
| flumazenil placebo | #26 |
| isoquinolines ligands | #26 |
| glucose loading | #27 |
| binding 3hmuscimol | #27 |
| oxidative stress evidence | #27 |
| asparagine glutamine | #27 |
| regional densities | #27 |
| noradrenaline transport | #27 |
| manganese ammonia | #27 |
| fgin1 | #27 |
| accumulation glutamine | #27 |
| support potential | #27 |
| cerebellum brain | #27 |
| deficient brain | #27 |
| treatment cirrhosis | #27 |
| increased concentrations | #27 |
| beta sites | #27 |
| rifaximin mhe | #27 |
| onset encephalopathy | #27 |
| liver fasting | #27 |
| brain serotonin metabolism | #27 |
| alf induced | #27 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase otc | #27 |
| binding site densities | #27 |
| experimental acute | #28 |
| baldessarini | #28 |
| metabolism relation | #28 |
| selective neuronal loss | #28 |
| wernicke encephalopathy | #28 |
| astrocytic metabolism | #28 |
| chronic liver failure | #28 |
| ataxic gait | #28 |
| activities decreased | #28 |
| glutamate transporter activity | #28 |
| type hepatic | #28 |
| astrocytes loss | #28 |
| devascularized | #28 |
| effects thiamine | #28 |
| eaat3 expression | #28 |
| allosteric modulatory | #28 |
| re‐evaluation | #29 |
| serotonin turnover | #29 |
| frontal temporal cortex | #29 |
| pairfed controls | #29 |
| rats probenecid | #29 |
| increased glutamine | #29 |
| cerebral energy failure | #29 |
| induction mild hypothermia | #29 |
| dust rats | #29 |
| cytoplasmic nuclear signal | #29 |
| striatum contrast | #29 |
| dopamine metabolism striatum | #29 |
| oxide brain | #29 |
| superoxide scavenger | #29 |
| 3hro5 | #29 |
| shamoperated control animals | #29 |
| effective adjunct therapy | #29 |
| isopregnanolone | #29 |
| flumazenil flunitrazepam | #29 |
| travelled distance | #29 |
| glutamine content | #29 |
| optimal supply | #29 |
| cerebral cortex thalamus | #29 |
| subchronic inhalation exposure | #29 |
| putamen frontal cortex | #29 |
| diverse etiology | #29 |
| aspartate glutamine | #30 |
| mediated excitotoxicity | #30 |
| progression liver injury | #30 |
| glutamate cgmp | #30 |
| flumazenil gaba | #30 |
| blood ammonia concentration | #30 |
| gaba receptor complex | #30 |
| encephalopathy portal | #30 |
| hyperglycemic stroke | #30 |
| glycine glutamine | #30 |
| nonabsorbable disaccharides | #30 |
| quantitative receptor | #30 |
| stroke neurological | #30 |
| neuronal cell counts | #30 |
| presymptomatic animals | #30 |
| increased nmda | #30 |
| 3dsrt | #30 |
| glutamate content | #30 |
| frontal cortex samples | #30 |
| west criteria | #30 |
| chronic hyperammonemia | #30 |
| studies experimental | #30 |
| chat activities | #30 |
| neurotransmitter amino acids | #30 |
| inflammatory cascades | #30 |
| brain decreased | #31 |
| expression tight junction | #31 |
| stupor | #31 |
| clinical prospects | #31 |
| study ammonia | #31 |
| brain monoamine oxidase | #31 |
| pannecrosis | #31 |
| production microglial | #31 |
| antisense elements | #31 |
| glutamate nmda | #31 |
| cuznsod protein | #31 |
| neuroinflammation pathogenesis | #31 |
| cerebral glutamate | #31 |
| leading increased | #31 |
| peripheral type | #31 |
| shunted animals | #31 |
| dogs hepatic | #31 |
| 2 alteration | #32 |
| deficiencies vitamins | #32 |
| intracellular osmolarity | #32 |
| minimal mhe | #32 |
| astrocytes ammonia | #32 |
| detoxification unit | #32 |
| increased nitric | #32 |
| gabaa receptor ligands | #32 |
| temporal cortex patients | #32 |
| uptake ammonia | #32 |
| friedreichs ataxia | #32 |
| binding sites presence | #32 |
| hepatoprotective properties | #32 |
| telemethylhistamine | #32 |
| hepatic symptoms | #32 |
| cerebral ammonia | #32 |
| acute hyperglycemic | #32 |
| indian national association | #32 |
| akinesia | #32 |
| fixed intervals | #32 |
| effects mild | #32 |
| binding gaba | #32 |
| selective decreases | #33 |
| glycine aspartate | #33 |
| clinical laboratory findings | #33 |
| reversible alterations | #33 |
| brain gaba levels | #33 |
| proinflammatory cytokines brain | #33 |
| gaba aspartate | #33 |
| species rats | #33 |
| regions brains | #33 |
| monoamines brain | #33 |
| rats ammonia | #33 |
| otc deficiency | #33 |
| cns complications | #33 |
| et495 | #33 |
| failing liver | #33 |
| snat5 | #33 |
| cns concentrations | #33 |
| hand addition | #33 |
| ohe patients | #33 |
| neuronal cell survival | #33 |
| binding microsomes | #33 |
| nash treatment | #33 |
| cytotoxic brain | #34 |
| nh4oac | #34 |
| severe neurological dysfunction | #34 |
| metabolite 5 | #34 |
| relation brain | #34 |
| severe neurological symptoms | #34 |
| hepatic artery ligation | #34 |
| gad activities | #34 |
| encephalopathy hippocampus | #34 |
| groups cirrhotic patients | #34 |
| nac reduction | #34 |
| nonepileptic controls | #34 |
| inadequate dietary intake | #34 |
| 11 agematched controls | #34 |
| acetylcholinesterase activities | #34 |
| stupor coma | #34 |
| ammonium tartrate | #34 |
| fluid ammonia | #35 |
| activation proinflammatory | #35 |
| manganese tricarbonyl | #35 |
| neurotransmitter amino | #35 |
| space glutamic | #35 |
| overt encephalopathy | #35 |
| chapter 29 | #35 |
| total thiamine | #35 |
| free hepatic | #35 |
| ammonia concentrations | #35 |
| dawley reverse | #35 |
| type gaba | #35 |
| octadecaneuropeptide | #35 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #35 |
| astrocytic glutamate | #35 |
| effects manganese | #35 |
| chronic hepatic encephalopathy | #35 |
| severe compromise | #35 |
| fatigue rats | #35 |
| cycle glucose | #36 |
| acid brain | #36 |
| numerous etiologies | #36 |
| electricalfield stimulation | #36 |
| arterial ammonia | #36 |
| synthesis glutamate | #36 |
| brain regions studies | #36 |
| cerebral cortical astrocytes | #36 |
| astrocytic glutamine | #36 |
| detoxification product | #36 |
| muscarinic sites | #36 |
| uptake glutamate | #36 |
| thioacetamide treatment | #36 |
| astrocyte glutamate | #36 |
| aom treatment | #36 |
| mice ammonia | #37 |
| protein glutamate | #37 |
| excitotoxic mechanism | #37 |
| blood manganese levels | #37 |
| acute receptors | #37 |
| perivenous hepatocytes | #37 |
| increased voluntary | #37 |
| csf cisterna magna | #37 |
| mild hypothermia therapy | #37 |
| increased blood glucose | #37 |
| 3beta5alpha | #37 |
| alf mice | #37 |
| glutamatergic function | #38 |
| gfap immunohistochemistry | #38 |
| hypothermia attenuates | #38 |
| corneal reflex | #38 |
| failure male | #38 |
| ammonium acetate | #38 |
| astrocytic marker | #38 |
| increase glutamine | #38 |
| glutamate ammonia | #38 |
| brain amino acids | #38 |
| brain rats | #38 |
| chronic alcoholism | #39 |
| severe liver dysfunction | #39 |
| thiamine administration | #39 |
| brain regional distribution | #39 |
| posterior columns | #39 |
| pca surgery | #39 |
| concomitant decreases | #39 |
| clive | #39 |
| glutamine formation | #39 |
| benzodiazepine antagonist | #39 |
| hyperammonaemic | #39 |
| loss gene expression | #39 |
| pdhc | #39 |
| findings increased | #39 |
| dheas | #40 |
| nitroarginine rats rats | #40 |
| glutamine glycine | #40 |
| etiology severity | #40 |
| regionally selective | #40 |
| nmdamediated excitotoxicity | #40 |
| seizures mental retardation | #40 |
| concentration areas | #40 |
| regiondependent manner | #40 |
| neurological alterations | #40 |
| acetylcoa levels | #40 |
| argininic acid | #40 |
| increased density | #40 |
| arginine uptake | #40 |
| concentrations catecholamines | #40 |
| ammonia homeostasis | #40 |
| quin levels | #40 |
| liver inasl | #40 |
| thiamine metabolism | #41 |
| regulation caveolin1 | #41 |
| activation nmda receptor | #41 |
| complications chronic | #41 |
| brain benzodiazepine receptors | #41 |
| brain extracts | #41 |
| sgc activation | #41 |
| deficiency disease | #41 |
| lateral vestibular nucleus | #41 |
| cellcell signalling | #41 |
| brain taurine | #41 |
| vulnerable area | #41 |
| acid neurotransmitter | #41 |
| increased glutamate release | #41 |
| regions concentrations | #41 |
| detoxification ammonia | #41 |
| cerebral glutamine | #42 |
| illness terminology topic | #42 |
| trace amines | #42 |
| benzodiazepine sites | #42 |
| cerebral alterations | #42 |
| complex pdhc | #42 |
| pk11195 binding | #42 |
| thdoc | #42 |
| gabaa tritium | #43 |
| carbamoyltransferase deficiency | #43 |
| nonalcoholic patients | #43 |
| glutamine insulin | #43 |
| liver assist | #43 |
| transcarbamylase | #43 |
| metabolism acute | #43 |
| increased neuronal | #43 |
| acute ammonia intoxication | #43 |
| ammonia increases | #44 |
| toxic liver | #44 |
| mechanisms disorder | #44 |
| acid glutamine | #44 |
| ohe mhe | #44 |
| increased serotonin | #44 |
| reduction brain | #44 |
| ataxia humans | #44 |
| sarcopenia cirrhosis | #44 |
| severe hyperammonemia | #44 |
| treament | #44 |
| western brain dna | #44 |
| cerebral levels | #44 |
| aged portacaval | #44 |
| behavioral excitation | #44 |
| isoquinolines kinetics | #45 |
| small meals | #45 |
| cortex dose | #45 |
| model congenital | #45 |
| ventral white matter | #45 |
| welldefined areas | #45 |
| mild encephalopathy | #45 |
| mice etanercept | #45 |
| glutamate transporter | #45 |
| thiamin deficiency | #45 |
| cholinergic neuronal | #45 |
| aspartate gaba | #45 |
| exposed ammonia | #46 |
| cortex glutamate | #46 |
| fatigue controls | #46 |
| treatment downregulation | #46 |
| normoglycemic rats | #46 |
| 11cnmethylspiperone | #46 |
| brain gamma | #46 |
| brain oxidative metabolism | #46 |
| metabolism astrocytes | #47 |
| rtpcr experiments | #47 |
| distinctive pattern | #47 |
| anaplerotic flux | #47 |
| benzodiazepine receptors | #47 |
| pathophysiologically | #47 |
| neurosteroid | #47 |
| brain amino | #47 |
| glutamate aspartate | #47 |
| microsomes isolated | #47 |
| human rat brain | #47 |
| alcoholic cirrhotics | #47 |
| glutamate removal | #47 |
| maob | #48 |
| central nervous function | #48 |
| allopregnanolone concentrations | #48 |
| mitochondrial benzodiazepine | #48 |
| sites nmda | #48 |
| thalamus pons | #48 |
| amino acid synthesis | #48 |
| age injection | #48 |
| cerebral dysfunction | #48 |
| cerebellum medulla | #48 |
| 113cglucose | #48 |
| concomitant increases | #48 |
| 3hmuscimol | #48 |
| tnf brain | #48 |
| neurotoxic agents | #48 |
| hyperammonemia | #48 |
| central benzodiazepine | #49 |
| cerebellum patients | #49 |
| ammonia detoxification | #49 |
| brain tryptophan | #49 |
| rcts low risk | #49 |
| pallidal | #49 |
| voluntary ethanol | #49 |
| neurotoxic actions | #49 |
| glycerol phenylbutyrate | #49 |
| nmda binding | #49 |
| rational explanation | #50 |
| expression glt1 | #50 |
| tyrosine ammonia | #50 |
| levels brain | #50 |
| extracellular glycine | #50 |
| alcoholic dementia | #50 |
| increased extracellular | #50 |
| hepatic congestion | #50 |
| effects body temperature | #50 |
| hepatic encephalopathy study | #50 |
| brain banks | #50 |
| manganese middle | #50 |
| false neurotransmitters | #51 |
| early microglial activation | #51 |
| management hepatic | #51 |
| acids measured | #51 |
| glutamate receptors nmda | #51 |
| electromyographic evaluation | #51 |
| inflamed brain | #51 |
| righting | #51 |
| lcarnitine treatment | #51 |
| friedreichs ataxia patients | #52 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic | #52 |
| brain concentrations | #52 |
| vivo microdialysis | #52 |
| severe stages | #52 |
| 12 rats | #52 |
| pse | #52 |
| cognitive motor dysfunction | #52 |
| complex rats | #52 |
| mice carnitine | #52 |
| nitroarginine rats | #52 |
| altered permeability | #52 |
| neurobehavioral disturbances | #52 |
| early losses | #52 |
| synthesis glutamine | #52 |
| rats portacaval shunt | #53 |
| treatment alf | #53 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone | #53 |
| neurosteroid synthesis | #53 |
| 3hkainate | #53 |
| pathophysiologic | #53 |
| central histaminergic | #53 |
| 3hmuscimol binding | #53 |
| stroke penumbra | #54 |
| activation guanylate cyclase | #54 |
| subsequent alteration | #54 |
| portacaval shunts | #54 |
| ischemic liver | #54 |
| gene expression liver | #54 |
| mechanisms proposed | #54 |
| neuropsychiatric syndrome | #54 |
| cerebral inflammation | #54 |
| mildest form | #54 |
| liver atrophy | #54 |
| substitutive therapy | #54 |
| kidney testis | #54 |
| portacaval shunt pcs | #54 |
| neurotransmitter agents | #55 |
| human disorder | #55 |
| encephalopathy hyperammonemia | #55 |
| occludin levels | #55 |
| glutathione plasma | #55 |
| hyperglycemic | #55 |
| activation glutamate receptors | #55 |
| heterogenity | #55 |
| concomitant reductions | #55 |
| messenger spraguedawley receptors | #55 |
| regions rats | #56 |
| ca2dependent release | #56 |
| delays onset | #56 |
| deficiency decreased | #56 |
| severe cognitive dysfunction | #56 |
| levels allopregnanolone | #56 |
| awaits | #56 |
| oxidative nitrosative | #56 |
| rats ouabain | #57 |
| resonance signal | #57 |
| coma patients | #57 |
| ammonia exposure | #57 |
| h1 receptors | #57 |
| current therapeutic options | #57 |
| mechanisms implicated | #57 |
| brain glutamate levels | #57 |
| increased intracellular ca2 | #57 |
| failure muscle | #57 |
| type mitochondrial | #57 |
| tetrahydroprogesterone | #57 |
| activation glutamate | #58 |
| manganese copper | #58 |
| astrocytes glutamate | #58 |
| levels ammonia | #58 |
| portacaval shunt | #58 |
| pdhc activity | #58 |
| probenecid treatment | #58 |
| lowering strategies | #58 |
| severity encephalopathy | #58 |
| nervous complications | #58 |
| brain histamine | #58 |
| levels amino acids | #58 |
| swelling brain | #58 |
| dansyl derivatives | #58 |
| acetaminophen toxicity | #59 |
| bilirubin metabolism | #59 |
| uptake arginine | #59 |
| hyperammonaemia | #59 |
| patients thiamine | #59 |
| mechanism protective | #59 |
| neuropharmacological studies | #59 |
| gfap gfap mrna | #59 |
| 13c enrichments | #59 |
| saline treated controls | #59 |
| lazabemide | #60 |
| alcoholics patients | #60 |
| energy metabolites | #60 |
| cirrhosis middle | #60 |
| alcoholic patients | #60 |
| ammonia toxicity | #60 |
| purposing | #60 |
| brain production | #60 |
| spontaneous synaptic activity | #60 |
| required cofactor | #60 |
| ammonia intoxication | #60 |
| cirrhotic patients patients | #60 |
| maob maoa | #61 |
| comparable magnitude | #61 |
| subjects free | #61 |
| threefold increase | #61 |
| ataxia friedreich | #61 |
| opioid penicillamine | #61 |
| sham operated | #61 |
| excitotoxic brain injury | #61 |
| 015 mmol | #61 |
| bz receptors | #61 |
| concentrations glutamate | #61 |
| stem cerebral | #61 |
| il1beta mrna expression | #61 |
| affinity gaba | #61 |
| acid distribution | #61 |
| taurine synthesis | #62 |
| hypertension brain | #62 |
| elevated uptake | #62 |
| βendorphin | #62 |
| ultimate test | #62 |
| increased expression mrna | #62 |
| receptors pathogenesis | #62 |
| forebrain cholinergic neurons | #62 |
| brain1 | #62 |
| suggested role | #62 |
| thiamine | #63 |
| heavy drinking day | #63 |
| regions contrast | #63 |
| manganese intoxication | #63 |
| portocaval | #63 |
| gaba glutamic acid | #63 |
| role glutamate | #63 |
| rtpcr gene expression | #63 |
| failure evidence | #63 |
| spectroscopy tomography | #63 |
| focal increases | #63 |
| subclinical hepatic | #63 |
| manganese treatment | #63 |
| metabolism glutamine | #63 |
| fatigue pbc | #64 |
| transketolase activity | #64 |
| brain | #64 |
| sodium phenylacetate | #64 |
| attenuates oxidative | #64 |
| thalamus gamma | #64 |
| parietal lobe rats | #64 |
| disease activities | #64 |
| neurotoxic substances | #64 |
| neurosteroid allopregnanolone | #64 |
| female flumazenil | #65 |
| kcl nacl | #65 |
| brain cell death | #65 |
| frontal parietal cortex | #65 |
| glutamine ammonia | #65 |
| methylhistamine | #65 |
| deficiency induced | #65 |
| brain chemistry | #65 |
| hypokinesia | #65 |
| 2454 | #65 |
| sodium benzoate | #65 |
| symptoms addition | #65 |
| butyrylcholinesterases | #65 |
| manganese deposits | #65 |
| uptake cultured | #66 |
| putative endogenous ligands | #66 |
| isethionic | #66 |
| mice sodium | #66 |
| gaba animals | #66 |
| increases brain | #66 |
| ataxia patients | #66 |
| 13cnmr | #66 |
| brain water | #66 |
| brain patients | #67 |
| cerebral energy metabolism | #67 |
| brain 24 | #67 |
| ascorbate synthesis | #67 |
| erythrocyte transketolase | #67 |
| lactate increase | #67 |
| humans korsakoff | #67 |
| αmethylptyrosine | #67 |
| tyrosine content | #67 |
| decreased concentrations | #68 |
| glutamate transporter glast | #68 |
| selective reductions | #68 |
| benzodiazepine receptor ligands | #68 |
| reduction ammonia | #68 |
| indian national | #68 |
| serotonin transport | #68 |
| substance rats | #69 |
| rats sham operation | #69 |
| active removal | #69 |
| drug repositioning humans | #69 |
| processing product | #69 |
| attenuation effects | #69 |
| osmotic effects | #69 |
| hepatoprotection | #69 |
| unleaded gasoline | #69 |
| decreased removal | #69 |
| bergmann glial | #70 |
| glutamic acid hippocampus | #70 |
| reduces brain | #70 |
| electronic manual searches | #70 |
| cortex caudate | #70 |
| m1 sites | #70 |
| failure animals | #71 |
| alloxan diabetes | #71 |
| carbamoyltransferase | #71 |
| glutamates glutamic | #71 |
| animals benzodiazepines | #71 |
| shunting | #71 |
| medium concentrations | #71 |
| glutamine brain | #72 |
| cortex increased | #72 |
| agematched control subjects | #72 |
| organic aciduria | #72 |
| common inborn error | #72 |
| hyperammonemia male | #72 |
| concentration norepinephrine | #72 |
| brain allopregnanolone | #72 |
| gabaa tomography | #72 |
| cerebroprotective effects | #73 |
| alterations mitochondrial function | #73 |
| onset neurological | #73 |
| pse patients | #73 |
| glutamine glutamate | #73 |
| thiamine treatment | #73 |
| ro15 | #73 |
| homologous structures | #73 |
| astrocyte swelling | #73 |
| hippocampal ca1 subfield | #73 |
| sites observed | #73 |
| cortex chromatography | #74 |
| decrease brain | #74 |
| glutamic | #74 |
| brain content | #74 |
| bath concentration | #74 |
| astrocytes brain | #74 |
| mechanisms involving | #74 |
| gaba steroids | #74 |
| acids hepatic | #75 |
| severe neurological impairment | #75 |
| fully elucidated | #75 |
| thiamine transport | #75 |
| normal limits | #75 |
| superfused slices | #75 |
| nature distribution | #75 |
| expression glial | #75 |
| cerebral cortex patients | #75 |
| cirrhosis brain | #76 |
| gaba glutamine | #76 |
| larginine uptake | #76 |
| glutamate binding | #76 |
| direct toxic effects | #76 |
| transporter eaat3 | #76 |
| receptors studied | #76 |
| receptors gaba | #76 |
| metabolite acetaldehyde | #77 |
| glycine concentrations | #77 |
| brain skeletal muscle | #77 |
| muscle acute | #77 |
| glutamate concentration | #77 |
| millimolar range | #77 |
| alcoholic patients cirrhosis | #77 |
| benzodiazepines binding | #78 |
| nnos protein | #78 |
| function hepatic | #78 |
| interatomic bonds | #78 |
| brain glucose metabolism | #78 |
| lnitroarginine methyl ester | #78 |
| muscle glutamine | #78 |
| oxide liver | #78 |
| l‐carnitine | #79 |
| thiamine triphosphate | #79 |
| deep coma | #79 |
| taming | #79 |
| semiquantitative rtpcr | #79 |
| previous reports | #79 |
| neuronally | #79 |
| methylcyclopentadienyl | #79 |
| hepatic energy | #79 |
| excited ground states | #79 |
| metabolism brain | #79 |
| cns function | #79 |
| pathogenesis animals | #80 |
| maximal binding | #80 |
| cresyl violet staining | #80 |
| emerging therapeutic target | #80 |
| failure nitric | #80 |
| quantitative autoradiographic | #80 |
| expression glutamate | #80 |
| medullapons | #80 |
| neurosteroid biosynthesis | #80 |
| gaba benzodiazepine | #80 |
| encephalopathy treatment | #80 |
| molecular neurobiology | #81 |
| astrocyte morphology | #81 |
| study sections | #81 |
| controls increased | #81 |
| 85 mmol | #81 |
| muscle ammonia | #81 |
| glutamine astrocytes | #81 |
| agents receptors | #82 |
| chaired | #82 |
| receptor regions | #82 |
| glutamate nitric | #82 |
| brain extracellular | #82 |
| lcarnitine administration | #82 |
| shortchain acylcoa dehydrogenase | #82 |
| ethanol preference | #83 |
| glutamate brain | #83 |
| 3hro15 | #83 |
| treatment thiamine | #83 |
| proposed explain | #83 |
| tca cycle flux | #83 |
| devascularization | #84 |
| 3hflumazenil | #84 |
| water channel protein | #84 |
| pathophysiologic basis | #84 |
| pbgd | #84 |
| aom induced | #84 |
| cerebral cortex striatum | #84 |
| measured brain | #84 |
| patients decreases | #84 |
| elevated ammonia | #84 |
| 5ht turnover | #85 |
| urea cycle enzymes | #85 |
| decreased ca2 | #85 |
| arga | #85 |
| concomitant decrease | #85 |
| ammonia patients | #85 |
| role glutamine | #85 |
| maoa maob | #85 |
| increase brain | #85 |
| 3hgammaaminobutyric acid | #85 |
| central muscarinic | #86 |
| release synaptic | #86 |
| glutamate amino | #86 |
| spraguedawley statistics | #87 |
| wilsonian | #87 |
| rats sacrificed | #87 |
| selective vulnerability | #88 |
| csf lactate | #88 |
| complication cirrhosis | #88 |
| concomitantly | #88 |
| 52 mmol | #88 |
| benzodiazepines brain | #88 |
| brain binding | #88 |
| tissue brain | #88 |
| brain regions rats | #89 |
| exposure ammonia | #89 |
| caudate nuclei | #89 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy opca | #89 |
| sham operations | #89 |
| edema cerebral | #89 |
| prior onset | #89 |
| undoubtedly | #89 |
| role human diseases | #89 |
| alpha ketoglutarate | #89 |
| receptor ligand | #90 |
| lactate increased | #90 |
| glutamatemediated excitotoxicity | #90 |
| rats species | #90 |
| encephalopathy ohe | #90 |
| patients alf | #90 |
| reduced brain | #91 |
| monoamine neurotransmitters | #91 |
| gaba modulators | #91 |
| bcaa concentrations | #91 |
| neuroinflammatory response | #92 |
| amino acids brain | #92 |
| enzymopathies | #92 |
| altered protein expression | #92 |
| bckdh | #92 |
| leucine concentrations | #92 |
| congenital deficiencies | #93 |
| induced alf | #93 |
| acid liver | #93 |
| widespread damage | #93 |
| brain kidney | #94 |
| brain compared | #94 |
| increases extracellular | #94 |
| thiamin diphosphate | #94 |
| neuronal loss | #94 |
| manganese poisoning | #94 |
| mri intensity | #94 |
| benzodiazepines treatment | #95 |
| glutamine synthetase expression | #95 |
| acetate administration | #95 |
| ammonia accumulation | #95 |
| induced stereotyped | #95 |
| patients liver failure | #95 |
| inhibitory neurotransmission | #95 |
| skeletal muscle brain | #96 |
| ornithine phenylacetate | #96 |
| 16 mmol | #96 |
| astrocytic function | #96 |
| βlipotropin | #96 |
| discrete areas | #96 |
| brain cytokine | #97 |
| covert hepatic encephalopathy | #97 |
| molecules brain | #97 |
| ammonia release | #97 |
| brain vivo | #97 |
| astrocytes neurons | #97 |
| glycine transporters | #98 |
| hepatocerebral degeneration | #98 |
| receptors increased | #98 |
| carbamoyltransferase ornithine | #98 |
| thiamine diphosphate | #98 |
| glutamate glutamine | #98 |
| dehydroascorbic acid | #98 |
| dorsal tegmental nucleus | #98 |
| acrylamides animals | #98 |
| stress ammonia | #99 |
| walking gait | #99 |
| examination role | #99 |
| 3045 | #99 |
| aspartate levels | #100 |
| symptomatic stage | #100 |
| fatigue impact scale | #100 |
| commonly encountered | #100 |
| inhibitory amino acids | #101 |
| pressure liver | #101 |
| proinflammatory | #101 |
| animal hypothermia | #101 |
| increases levels | #101 |
| temporal cortex | #101 |
| cerebral cortex cerebellum | #102 |
| treatment complications | #102 |
| lcarnitine | #102 |
| brain barrier breakdown | #102 |
| synergistic mechanisms | #102 |
| tk activity | #102 |
| microdialysis rats | #102 |
| levels dheas | #102 |
| neurological symptoms patients | #102 |
| brain levels | #103 |
| collisional deactivation | #103 |
| removal ammonia | #103 |
| brain extracellular space | #103 |
| benzodiazepine receptor | #103 |
| controls cirrhotic patients | #103 |
| thiamine monophosphate | #104 |
| experimental animal models | #104 |
| 90 loss | #104 |
| label incorporation | #104 |
| methylspiperone | #104 |
| cerebral oxidative metabolism | #104 |
| regional distribution | #104 |
| m3 exposure | #105 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #105 |
| loss cholinergic | #105 |
| neurological consequences | #105 |
| transporter glt1 | #105 |
| experimental models | #105 |
| fatigue severity | #105 |
| receptors brain | #105 |
| complication liver | #106 |
| toxic liver injury | #106 |
| 3h8ohdpat | #107 |
| receptors rats | #107 |
| concentrations serotonin | #107 |
| characteristic alterations | #108 |
| current theories | #108 |
| dopaminergic dysfunction | #108 |
| sham operated controls | #108 |
| gaba content | #108 |
| monoamines | #108 |
| t1weighted magnetic resonance | #109 |
| disease hepatic | #109 |
| symptomatic animals | #109 |
| ldeprenyl | #109 |
| glutamate plasma | #109 |
| glutamates humans | #110 |
| azoxymethane aom | #110 |
| rats hepatic | #110 |
| deficiency humans | #110 |
| 3hnisoxetine | #110 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms | #110 |
| enzymes brain | #111 |
| glt1 glast | #111 |
| reye syndrome | #111 |
| evidence role | #112 |
| 3alpha5alpha | #112 |
| ligated rats | #113 |
| brain preparations | #113 |
| lymphocytes rats | #113 |
| activities | #113 |
| midbrain striatum | #113 |
| hypertension liver | #113 |
| metabolic block | #113 |
| expression testis | #113 |
| glutamate synaptic | #113 |
| 57 reduction | #114 |
| rat astrocytes | #114 |
| fco | #114 |
| radioenzymatic assay | #114 |
| nutritional management | #114 |
| experimental animals | #115 |
| brain dogs | #115 |
| nmda receptor expression | #115 |
| decreased synthesis | #116 |
| mammillary body | #116 |
| pallidum putamen | #116 |
| gabaa gabaergic | #116 |
| 3hmepyramine | #116 |
| friedreich ataxia patients | #117 |
| growing body | #117 |
| cholinergic deficit | #117 |
| tips procedure | #117 |
| controls plasma levels | #117 |
| cortex alzheimer | #117 |
| opioid brain | #117 |
| arginine deficiency | #118 |
| amine levels | #118 |
| mechanism ammonia | #118 |
| allopregnanolone | #118 |
| albumin dialysis | #118 |
| myelin synthesis | #118 |
| brain dopamine | #118 |
| cirrhotic | #118 |
| site densities | #119 |
| nervous dysfunction | #119 |
| apapinduced | #119 |
| patients fatty liver | #119 |
| hydroxylating | #119 |
| opioid beta | #119 |
| cerebral energy | #119 |
| pathologic manifestations | #119 |
| frontal cortex | #120 |
| genes coding | #120 |
| ouabain induced | #120 |
| balb cbyj mice | #120 |
| glutamates | #120 |
| pugh score | #121 |
| mechanisms pathogenesis | #121 |
| monoamine oxidaseb | #121 |
| 3hketanserin | #121 |
| copper manganese | #121 |
| unleaded | #122 |
| brain evidence | #122 |
| rat brain synaptosomes | #122 |
| brain enzyme | #122 |
| complex activities | #122 |
| bergmann glia | #122 |
| nuclear signal | #122 |
| normal human brains | #123 |
| implicated | #123 |
| beneficial patients | #123 |
| selective damage | #123 |
| gene expression brain | #124 |
| newborn astrocytes cells | #124 |
| modulatory site | #124 |
| asterixis | #124 |
| neurological signs | #125 |
| ammonia control | #125 |
| icp cbf | #125 |
| striatum cerebellum | #125 |
| role ammonia | #126 |
| ala2mephe4met0ol | #126 |
| brain male | #126 |
| 11cpk11195 | #126 |
| synthase nitroarginine | #126 |
| ornithine aminotransferase | #126 |
| glt1 | #126 |
| ol20 | #126 |
| high‐affinity | #127 |
| neuronal cell | #128 |
| cytokines brain | #128 |
| proteins nitric | #128 |
| taurine uptake | #128 |
| neurochemical mechanisms | #129 |
| glutamate concentrations | #129 |
| patients friedreichs ataxia | #129 |
| cox2 immunoreactivity | #129 |
| chronic alcoholic patients | #129 |
| cox2 levels | #130 |
| blood ethanol levels | #130 |
| unanesthetized dogs | #130 |
| spontaneous activities | #130 |
| agonist action | #130 |
| observed brain | #131 |
| primary deficit | #131 |
| ammonia levels | #131 |
| llactate dehydrogenase | #131 |
| taurine release | #132 |
| animals azoxymethane | #132 |
| carnitine administration | #132 |
| blood ammonia | #132 |
| hepatic abnormalities | #132 |
| continuous supply | #132 |
| site human | #133 |
| ischemia rat | #133 |
| manganese neurotoxicity | #133 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase | #133 |
| factor pathogenesis | #133 |
| nacetyl cysteine | #133 |
| friedreich | #133 |
| α ketoglutarate | #133 |
| brain glial | #134 |
| lactate accumulation | #134 |
| concentrations gaba | #135 |
| exposure manganese | #135 |
| models acute | #135 |
| endogenous amino acids | #135 |
| kidney skeletal muscle | #135 |
| impact treatments | #136 |
| 3hcitalopram | #137 |
| manganese toxicity | #137 |
| acid ammonia | #137 |
| pregnenolone rats | #137 |
| psychometric testing | #137 |
| increased intracranial pressure | #137 |
| release glutamate | #137 |
| function addition | #137 |
| spinocerebellar degeneration | #138 |
| inherited ataxias | #138 |
| neuropsychiatric complications | #138 |
| lornithine | #139 |
| nanomolar affinity | #139 |
| cerebral herniation | #139 |
| cycle enzyme | #139 |
| disorder animals | #139 |
| glutamine alanine | #139 |
| −70°c | #139 |
| tracer doses | #139 |
| chatpositive neurons | #139 |
| nutritional recommendations | #140 |
| patients friedreich | #140 |
| nonbenzodiazepine | #141 |
| concentrations nacl | #141 |
| cortex male | #141 |
| aminobutyric acid | #141 |
| dehydrogenase pdh | #141 |
| alcoholic nonalcoholic | #142 |
| development hepatic | #142 |
| cerebellar ataxias | #142 |
| cbyj | #142 |
| huntingtons chorea | #142 |
| gaba synaptic | #142 |
| humans isoquinolines | #142 |
| lactate alanine | #143 |
| monoamine oxidasea | #143 |
| brain glucose uptake | #143 |
| alternative site | #143 |
| hypothermia induced | #143 |
| serotonin precursor | #143 |
| diminished activity | #143 |
| insulin hypoglycaemia | #144 |
| brain gaba | #144 |
| dopamine metabolism | #144 |
| taurine content | #144 |
| ornithine carbamoyltransferase | #144 |
| glutamateglutamine | #144 |
| allosteric agonists | #144 |
| delayed myelination | #144 |
| selective brain | #144 |
| hyperglycemic rats | #145 |
| inferior olivary nucleus | #145 |
| cerebral microdialysis | #145 |
| brain tissue | #145 |
| relation degree | #146 |
| glucose load | #146 |
| brain peripheral tissues | #146 |
| receptormediated responses | #146 |
| brain hypothermia | #146 |
| rapid filtration | #147 |
| increase presence | #147 |
| lateral vestibular | #147 |
| comparable degree | #147 |
| energy failure | #148 |
| animals brain | #148 |
| lactate brain | #148 |
| cirrhosis hepatic | #149 |
| ohe | #149 |
| glutamate neurons | #149 |
| neurosteroids | #149 |
| diazepam binding inhibitor | #149 |
| coa acetyl | #149 |
| western cells rats | #149 |
| acetyllcarnitine | #149 |
| probenecid rats | #150 |
| failure studies | #150 |
| metabolic impairments | #150 |
| consumption ethanol | #150 |
| fatigue scores | #151 |
| patient tissue | #151 |
| protein tyrosine nitration | #151 |
| progesterone metabolites | #151 |
| female friedreich | #151 |
| animals astrocytes | #151 |
| zo2 | #151 |
| selective neuronal death | #152 |
| beta actin | #152 |
| patients hepatic encephalopathy | #152 |
| increased synthesis | #153 |
| concentrations amino | #153 |
| testis brain | #153 |
| inhibition binding | #153 |
| alcoholism brain | #154 |
| impaired brain | #154 |
| transporter protein | #154 |
| tight junction proteins | #154 |
| 15 1788 | #155 |
| increased cerebral | #155 |
| brain cerebrospinal | #156 |
| ammonia ligase | #156 |
| experimental male rats | #156 |
| affinity uptake | #157 |
| neuroactive | #157 |
| radioenzymatic | #157 |
| protein acute | #157 |
| 1788 | #157 |
| korsakoff syndrome | #158 |
| ethanol day | #158 |
| dimethadione | #158 |
| increased 5 | #159 |
| prominent increase | #159 |
| gfap expression | #159 |
| water brain | #159 |
| glt1 expression | #159 |
| nitrosative | #159 |
| brain dysfunction | #160 |
| groups responses | #160 |
| glutamate ampa | #160 |
| 3methoxytyramine | #160 |
| astrocytosis | #160 |
| diphosphatase | #161 |
| reaction ammonia | #161 |
| gfap mrna | #161 |
| neuropathologically | #161 |
| expression hepatic | #161 |
| homogenates | #162 |
| synaptosomal uptake | #162 |
| mercaptans | #162 |
| increased stimulation | #162 |
| perivenous | #162 |
| vicious cycle | #163 |
| affinity transport | #163 |
| rats nitric | #163 |
| neurological evaluation | #163 |
| transketolase | #164 |
| increased degradation | #164 |
| manganese concentrations | #164 |
| mice acetaminophen | #164 |
| glutamine production | #164 |
| human alcoholics | #165 |
| victor | #165 |
| regions levels | #166 |
| extracellular concentrations | #166 |
| bergmann glial cells | #166 |
| brain energy metabolism | #166 |
| glast | #166 |
| male manganese | #167 |
| benzodiazepine | #167 |
| severe signs | #167 |
| increased cerebrospinal | #167 |
| dansyl chloride | #167 |
| aids aidsrelated complex | #167 |
| neurotransmitter | #167 |
| increased csf | #167 |
| neurotoxic compounds | #168 |
| surgical models | #168 |
| deficiency liver | #168 |
| malateaspartate shuttle | #169 |
| precise role | #169 |
| monophosphatase | #170 |
| strains spectrometry | #170 |
| complications liver | #171 |
| elevated activities | #171 |
| acetaminophen acetylcysteine | #171 |
| increase pge2 | #171 |
| medial geniculate nucleus | #171 |
| expression alpha1 | #172 |
| terms relationship | #172 |
| transport brain | #172 |
| early increases | #172 |
| apap administration | #172 |
| ketoglutarate | #172 |
| rats protective | #173 |
| complex pyruvate | #174 |
| protein gfap | #174 |
| dehydroascorbic | #175 |
| binding calcium | #175 |
| chain amino | #175 |
| taurine concentrations | #175 |
| brain energy | #175 |
| synergistic actions | #175 |
| stereotyped behavior | #175 |
| gfap immunoreactivity | #176 |
| guanidino compounds | #177 |
| eaat4 | #178 |
| neurological dysfunction | #178 |
| neurological complications | #178 |
| fine motor function | #179 |
| patients plasma levels | #179 |
| symptoms including | #180 |
| brain monoamine | #180 |
| rats csf | #180 |
| serotonin 5hydroxytryptamine | #180 |
| brain concentration | #181 |
| autoradiography binding | #181 |
| 3hflunitrazepam | #181 |
| experimental hepatic | #181 |
| dheas dhea | #182 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate | #182 |
| accumulation brain | #182 |
| biochemical consequences | #182 |
| patients mhe | #183 |
| competitive brain | #183 |
| neuropsychiatric | #183 |
| animals antimetabolites | #184 |
| nutritional consequences | #184 |
| nnos mrna | #184 |
| branchedchain amino acids | #185 |
| fluorescence analysis | #185 |
| glast glt1 | #185 |
| amphetamine apomorphine | #185 |
| neurological disorder | #185 |
| mm kcl | #186 |
| spraguedawley serotonin | #187 |
| stress pathogenesis | #187 |
| controls regions | #187 |
| sequellae | #187 |
| expression occludin | #187 |
| otc | #188 |
| compared sham | #188 |
| alcar | #188 |
| dehydrogenase complex | #188 |
| dawley serotonin | #188 |
| pcr ratio | #188 |
| cb154 | #188 |
| vasogenic brain edema | #189 |
| rat cerebellum | #189 |
| highaffinity uptake | #189 |
| aminobutyric | #190 |
| agonist properties | #190 |
| dopamine turnover | #191 |
| specific ligand | #192 |
| aged ammonia | #192 |
| pregnanolone | #192 |
| studies alterations | #193 |
| righting reflex | #194 |
| patient material | #194 |
| gilles tourettes syndrome | #194 |
| pavlov | #194 |
| limited therapeutic | #195 |
| patients immunohistochemistry | #195 |
| gamma aminobutyric | #195 |
| of3h | #195 |
| intracellular receptors | #196 |
| mice acute | #197 |
| expression tight | #197 |
| tissue patients | #197 |
| concomitant loss | #198 |
| manganese compounds | #198 |
| guanidino | #198 |
| mrna protein expression | #198 |
| unaltered | #198 |
| astrocyte function | #198 |
| thalamus hippocampus | #199 |
| mitochondria neurons | #200 |
| 35 degrees | #200 |
| substitutive | #200 |
| experimental chronic | #200 |
| glutamatergic synaptic | #200 |
| etiology patients | #200 |
| noradrenaline transporter | #200 |
| csf concentrations | #201 |
| brainstem structures | #201 |
| highest density | #201 |
| synthetase expression | #201 |
| equal | #202 |
| translation clinic | #202 |
| severity liver disease | #202 |
| cerebral glucose utilization | #202 |
| activation brain | #202 |
| vitro receptor | #203 |
| therapeutic interventions | #203 |
| activities increased | #203 |
| chronic alcohol abuse | #204 |
| benzodiazepine binding | #204 |
| cns dysfunction | #205 |
| ketone oxidoreductases | #205 |
| poor nutrition | #206 |
| grc | #206 |
| trials low risk | #206 |
| cuznsod | #206 |
| manganism | #206 |
| ldh5 | #207 |
| ldh1 | #207 |
| central noradrenergic | #207 |
| laboratory rat | #209 |
| astrocytic response | #209 |
| immunohistochemistry messenger receptors | #209 |
| neuropathological studies | #209 |
| overt hepatic | #210 |
| uptake pattern | #210 |
| ethanol increased | #210 |
| concomitant increase | #210 |
| bergmann | #210 |
| millimolar concentrations | #211 |
| isoquinolines male | #212 |
| brain structures | #212 |
| histopathological studies | #212 |
| cns gaba | #212 |
| laspartate | #212 |
| patients liver dysfunction | #212 |
| cerebellum striatum | #213 |
| plasma ammonia | #214 |
| patients died | #214 |
| address issue | #214 |
| gabaa receptor agonist | #214 |
| role pathogenesis | #215 |
| 3h8 | #215 |
| failure mice | #216 |
| glutamine cycle | #216 |
| nitrite nitrate levels | #216 |
| animals liver | #216 |
| key factor | #216 |
| noradrenergic function | #217 |
| bbb breakdown | #217 |
| glutamine synthetase activity | #217 |
| cultured rat astrocytes | #218 |
| 3hro | #219 |
| taurine animals | #219 |
| thiamine vitamin | #219 |
| inbred strains spectrometry | #220 |
| new therapeutic opportunities | #221 |
| glutamate exposure | #221 |
| excitatory neurotransmitters | #221 |
| agonal | #221 |
| level severity | #222 |
| 3 post | #222 |
| terry | #223 |
| death mechanisms | #224 |
| deficient animals | #224 |
| cyclase sgc | #225 |
| vulnerable period | #226 |
| 2 quality | #226 |
| gaba receptor | #227 |
| exposure inhalation | #228 |
| hepatic microcirculation | #228 |
| gaba cns | #228 |
| il1beta mrna | #228 |
| animals effects | #229 |
| cortical synaptosomes | #229 |
| acute chronic exposure | #229 |
| excitatory transmitter | #229 |
| mk801 treatment | #230 |
| cholestatic rats | #230 |
| muscarinic cholinergic | #230 |
| shunt | #230 |
| opca | #230 |
| previous report | #231 |
| hippocrates | #231 |
| glutamate excitotoxicity | #231 |
| receptor ligands | #231 |
| extracellular glutamate | #232 |
| rats weeks | #233 |
| increasing evidence | #234 |
| glutamate transport | #234 |
| spraguedawley reference values | #234 |
| increased intracranial | #234 |
| phosphate esters | #235 |
| cau | #235 |
| brain deposition | #235 |
| liver injury mice | #236 |
| pair fed | #236 |
| resonance study | #236 |
| 3hglutamate | #237 |
| serotonin tryptophan | #237 |
| pdh complex | #238 |
| lc3 lipidation | #238 |
| glial proliferation | #238 |
| encephalopathy mhe | #239 |
| animals rats | #239 |
| concentrations elevated | #240 |
| end‐stage liver disease | #240 |
| reduced glutathione levels | #240 |
| binding brain | #240 |
| multiple systematic reviews | #240 |
| levels glutamate | #240 |
| psychoactive medications | #241 |
| presynaptic neuron | #241 |
| nacl kcl | #241 |
| minimal hepatic | #241 |
| caudate putamen | #241 |
| brain samples | #242 |
| 13cacetate | #242 |
| cycle disorders | #242 |
| glur2 | #243 |
| sgc | #243 |
| neurobehavioral | #243 |
| treatment central | #243 |
| neuronal localization | #244 |
| cerebral cortex hippocampus | #244 |
| normal processes | #244 |
| manganese concentration | #244 |
| neuronal membrane | #244 |
| alf patients | #244 |
| aged monoamine | #245 |
| hypothalamus hypothalamus | #245 |
| acids animals | #246 |
| tritium animals | #246 |
| bloodbrain barrier breakdown | #246 |
| unchanged | #246 |
| neurologic assessment | #246 |
| glutamine concentration | #246 |
| soluble guanylate | #247 |
| nonpregnant rats | #247 |
| plasma brain | #247 |
| synaptosomal preparations | #247 |
| histaminergic | #248 |
| neuroactive steroids | #248 |
| hippocampal sclerosis | #248 |
| 5 hydroxyindoleacetic | #248 |
| minimal hepatic encephalopathy | #248 |
| deficient rats | #249 |
| allosteric coupling | #249 |
| betaep | #249 |
| synaptic transmission | #250 |
| glutamate transporter glt1 | #250 |
| increased expression | #250 |
| reactive nitrogen intermediates | #251 |
| findings activation | #251 |
| glutamate gaba | #251 |
| gaba uptake | #252 |
| fatigue chronic | #252 |
| animals aspartic | #253 |
| symptoms brain | #253 |
| reduced cerebral | #253 |
| focal loss | #254 |
| rats taurine | #255 |
| watersoluble vitamins | #256 |
| rat cerebellar | #256 |
| brain caudate | #256 |
| brain disorder | #257 |
| 4513 | #257 |
| therapeutic measures | #257 |
| alterations expression | #257 |
| soluble guanylate cyclase | #257 |
| norepinephrine turnover | #257 |
| animals ataxia | #258 |
| mhe | #258 |
| pallidum | #258 |
| receptor autoradiography | #259 |
| rats time factors | #259 |
| – brain | #259 |
| choline acetyltransferase | #259 |
| ed1 | #259 |
| transporters amino | #259 |
| glutamine synthetase | #260 |
| precipitating factors | #260 |
| phenylalanine levels | #260 |
| agents rats | #260 |
| liver liver failure | #261 |
| gene expression alterations | #261 |
| binding ligands | #262 |
| liver skeletal muscle | #262 |
| endogenous ligands | #262 |
| treatment neurological disorders | #262 |
| neurological impairment | #263 |
| acetyl carnitine | #263 |
| gamma tumor | #264 |
| liver testis | #264 |
| muscle rigidity | #264 |
| alcoholic male | #264 |
| concentrations brain | #264 |
| spf | #264 |
| cisterna | #265 |
| rats compared | #265 |
| calleja | #265 |
| gabaergic neurotransmission | #265 |
| cerebellar pathology | #266 |
| male c57bl6 mice | #267 |
| reactive gliosis | #267 |
| dopamine noradrenaline | #267 |
| dopamine spiperone | #267 |
| electrically stimulated | #268 |
| protein gene expression | #268 |
| cell volume regulation | #268 |
| isoquinolines | #268 |
| contributory | #269 |
| expression nitric | #270 |
| hepatic | #271 |
| female hepatic | #271 |
| sleep abnormalities | #271 |
| displaceable | #272 |
| pharmacological manipulation | #272 |
| microdialysates | #272 |
| octanoic acid | #272 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #272 |
| brain human | #272 |
| neurotransmitter systems | #274 |
| brains | #274 |
| greenwood | #276 |
| normal conditions | #277 |
| quin | #277 |
| expression brain | #277 |
| neuronal cell death | #278 |
| glutamate uptake | #279 |
| gamma liver | #280 |
| national association | #280 |
| neurotoxic action | #280 |
| tryptamine | #280 |
| microassay | #281 |
| metal toxicity | #281 |
| 14c2 | #281 |
| striatum cerebral cortex | #281 |
| gaba levels | #282 |
| intracranial hypertension | #282 |
| guanylate cyclase | #282 |
| glur3 | #283 |
| maoa | #283 |
| 3mt | #284 |
| cortical astrocytes | #284 |
| severe neurological | #284 |
| behavioural impairment | #284 |
| ucds | #285 |
| nitrated proteins | #285 |
| concentrations dopamine | #285 |
| ht release | #285 |
| barrier breakdown | #285 |
| acute hepatic failure | #287 |
| glomerular filtrate | #287 |
| deficiency disorders | #288 |
| excitatory amino acids | #289 |
| acid astrocytes | #289 |
| apap hepatotoxicity | #290 |
| adult values | #290 |
| reduction oxidative stress | #290 |
| azoxymethane | #291 |
| patients fatigue | #292 |
| mice cerebral | #292 |
| ligands male | #292 |
| brain cerebellum | #292 |
| human liver disease | #292 |
| glutamine | #293 |
| reduced capacity | #293 |
| concentrations zinc | #293 |
| brain regional | #293 |
| autoradiographic studies | #293 |
| failure rats | #293 |
| effects hypothermia | #293 |
| blood – | #294 |
| altered expression | #294 |
| induced swelling | #294 |
| odn | #294 |
| substantial increases | #295 |
| synthase expression | #296 |
| betaactin | #297 |
| rats increased | #297 |
| rats western cells | #300 |
| overt hepatic encephalopathy | #300 |
| groups sham | #304 |
| actin mrna | #304 |
| brain choline | #304 |
| dawley receptors opioid | #304 |
| rifamycins rifaximin | #305 |
| damaged liver | #306 |
| severe alterations | #306 |
| cytotoxic mechanism | #306 |
| lnoarg | #306 |
| gamma aminobutyric acid | #306 |
| selection model | #307 |
| 3hsch | #307 |
| powerful antioxidant | #307 |
| glutamate | #307 |
| bioaccumulation | #308 |
| dihydrolipoamide | #308 |
| cerebral function | #308 |
| tight junction protein | #310 |
| molecular biological techniques | #310 |
| serotonin metabolism | #311 |
| brain genes | #312 |
| 4864 | #312 |
| agonists gaba | #312 |
| gaba taurine | #312 |
| rats messenger | #313 |
| treatment rats | #313 |
| male osmolar | #314 |
| secondary biliary cirrhosis | #315 |
| brain serotonin | #316 |
| chloride animals | #316 |
| receptors glutamate | #316 |
| nitrogen metabolism | #318 |
| adjacent sections | #318 |
| mice mutant | #318 |
| humans manganese | #319 |
| quantitative autoradiography | #319 |
| basal ganglia patients | #319 |
| mitochondrial proliferation | #319 |
| rats brain | #320 |
| cell death mechanisms | #320 |
| cultured hippocampal neurons | #320 |
| dehydrogenase activity | #321 |
| tailpipe | #321 |
| 235triphenyltetrazolium chloride | #322 |
| eaat3 | #322 |
| isethionate | #323 |
| aqp4 expression | #324 |
| thalamus | #325 |
| acid 5 | #325 |
| neurochemical studies | #327 |
| complications outcome | #327 |
| nervous function | #327 |
| decreased brain | #327 |
| 5 hiaa | #328 |
| olivopontocerebellar | #328 |
| uptake increased | #329 |
| pathol | #329 |
| cerebellar astrocytes | #330 |
| flumazenil | #330 |
| sites human | #331 |
| β endorphin | #331 |
| proinflammatory cytokines | #333 |
| locomotor | #333 |
| aaas | #333 |
| uptake brain | #333 |
| experimental rat | #334 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic | #335 |
| 13cglucose | #335 |
| neurotransmitter uptake | #335 |
| increased binding | #335 |
| brain accumulation | #336 |
| 8 rats | #336 |
| nitrotyrosine | #337 |
| inhalation exposure | #338 |
| cortex brain | #339 |
| responsible | #339 |
| positive synergistic | #340 |
| transport defect | #340 |
| human hepatic | #341 |
| biological plausibility | #341 |
| pdh activity | #341 |
| mutant rats | #342 |
| cerebral cortical | #342 |
| reyes syndrome | #343 |
| brain 5 | #344 |
| altered mental status | #344 |
| benzodiazepine site | #344 |
| dehydrogenase humans | #345 |
| placebo improvement | #345 |
| activation nmda | #346 |
| dansyl | #346 |
| vulnerable | #347 |
| control values | #347 |
| intraventricularly | #347 |
| acid gaba | #347 |
| marked decreases | #349 |
| bdl rats | #349 |
| increased immunoreactivity | #350 |
| glutamate levels | #350 |
| pigs groups | #350 |
| patients dying | #351 |
| alanine amino | #351 |
| nonalcoholics | #351 |
| cortex cerebellum | #352 |
| consequent increase | #352 |
| manganese | #353 |
| consumption rats | #354 |
| proinflammatory cytokine release | #354 |
| series studies | #354 |
| apapinduced liver injury | #354 |
| western brain | #354 |
| expression increased | #355 |
| thiamine supplementation | #356 |
| complex male | #356 |
| brain excitability | #356 |
| duct ligated | #356 |
| receptor sites | #357 |
| deterioration | #357 |
| 5hiaa | #358 |
| wellestablished model | #358 |
| postmortem brain tissue | #358 |
| proposed role | #359 |
| convulsions | #359 |
| onset brain | #359 |
| glutamate homeostasis | #361 |
| mammalian brain | #361 |
| increase extracellular | #361 |
| autoradiography brain | #362 |
| histamine h1 | #363 |
| reduced plasma | #363 |
| metabolic events | #363 |
| neuroinflammatory | #363 |
| rats cns | #364 |
| expression pglycoprotein | #365 |
| 9998 | #365 |
| acids branched | #366 |
| white matter structures | #366 |
| posttranslational rats rats | #367 |
| neuroglia | #367 |
| folic acid antagonists | #368 |
| methoxytyramine | #369 |
| sulfate dheas | #370 |
| 56 mm | #370 |
| cerebral oedema | #370 |
| nacetylcysteine nac | #371 |
| sites binding | #371 |
| metabolic impairment | #372 |
| perineuronal | #372 |
| glutamate synthesis | #372 |
| chemical forms | #373 |
| encountered | #373 |
| affinities | #373 |
| induction cox2 | #373 |
| acid rats | #373 |
| astrocytes microglia | #375 |
| accompanied | #375 |
| 3hmk801 | #375 |
| ca1 subfield | #376 |
| anaplerotic | #376 |
| highaffinity | #376 |
| nh3 nh4 | #377 |
| antioxidant nacetylcysteine | #377 |
| cirrhosis alcoholic | #378 |
| ngnitro | #378 |
| acetyltransferase chat | #378 |
| novo synthesis | #379 |
| basal ganglia thalamus | #380 |
| positive allosteric | #380 |
| cell swelling | #380 |
| epileptic patients | #382 |
| acute chronic | #382 |
| pons | #382 |
| overwhelming evidence | #383 |
| pregnenolone | #383 |
| densities | #385 |
| exposure brain | #386 |
| dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | #386 |
| transporter glut1 | #386 |
| phenylalanine tyrosine | #388 |
| cerebral edema | #390 |
| focal cerebral ischemia | #390 |
| acetylcholine synthesis | #390 |
| hyperglycemic conditions | #390 |
| effects administration | #390 |
| pbz | #390 |
| pet assessment | #392 |
| mice enos | #393 |
| glycine transporter | #394 |
| phthalaldehyde | #394 |
| thioacetamide induced | #394 |
| phenylacetate | #395 |
| scatchard plot | #395 |
| model acute | #396 |
| failure induced | #396 |
| carnitine levels | #397 |
| positive allosteric modulator | #397 |
| omega 3 | #398 |
| bbb permeability | #399 |
| pathophysiological mechanism | #399 |
| methylhistamines | #399 |
| vestibular nucleus | #400 |
| korsakoff | #400 |
| patients platelets | #400 |
| acetyl coa | #400 |
| insulin metabolism | #401 |
| frontal | #401 |
| inferior olive | #402 |
| falls patients | #402 |
| radioligands | #403 |
| rats purpose | #405 |
| concerted effort | #407 |
| liver gut | #407 |
| marker enzymes | #408 |
| neuropathologic | #408 |
| methionine sulfoximine | #408 |
| releasable | #410 |
| adult activities | #412 |
| dopaminergic neurones | #414 |
| shunt surgery | #415 |
| patients ataxia | #416 |
| forebrain cholinergic | #416 |
| ketamine anesthesia | #417 |
| gabaa gammaaminobutyric acid | #418 |
| intellectual function | #419 |
| pk11195 | #419 |
| fibrillary | #421 |
| alcoholic liver | #421 |
| serotonin content | #422 |
| asparagine | #423 |
| sham operation | #423 |
| regions brain | #423 |
| housekeeping gene | #423 |
| rats animal | #423 |
| hypothermia | #424 |
| diazepam binding | #424 |
| tissues brain | #425 |
| salinetreated controls | #425 |
| aidsrelated complex | #426 |
| binding parameters | #426 |
| direct evidence | #426 |
| exsanguination | #427 |
| rats mutant | #428 |
| hepatocyte necrosis | #430 |
| protein utilization | #431 |
| glutamine levels | #431 |
| sacrificed | #432 |
| hippocampus frontal cortex | #434 |
| peripheral benzodiazepine | #434 |
| onset severe | #434 |
| dawley tissue | #434 |
| rats experimental | #435 |
| patients pbc | #437 |
| cytotoxic edema | #437 |
| benzoate | #438 |
| 12 control subjects | #438 |
| addition evidence | #439 |
| ligand selectivity | #440 |
| isoquinoline | #440 |
| attenuates | #441 |
| central process | #441 |
| acids brain | #442 |
| neurological syndrome | #442 |
| brain microglia | #443 |
| 13c enrichment | #443 |
| patients encephalopathy | #443 |
| arginine transport | #443 |
| brain glucose | #443 |
| cultured astrocytes | #444 |
| glyt1 | #444 |
| cultured cerebellar | #445 |
| operated | #445 |
| butterworth | #446 |
| compounds rats | #446 |
| brain water content | #447 |
| liver skeletal | #450 |
| topographic distribution | #450 |
| pyruvate dehydrogenase | #450 |
| agematched controls | #450 |
| brain tissue patients | #451 |
| acute mice mice | #451 |
| effects liver | #451 |
| t1weighted mri | #453 |
| severe liver | #454 |
| aged amino | #455 |
| s100beta | #455 |
| central pontine myelinolysis | #455 |
| immunohistochemistry liver | #455 |
| body evidence | #456 |
| brain swelling | #456 |
| parachlorophenylalanine | #456 |
| h1 receptor | #456 |
| impaired liver function | #457 |
| vitro binding assay | #457 |
| aspartic | #457 |
| brain monoamines | #458 |
| effects brain | #460 |
| brain alterations | #460 |
| neurobiology | #460 |
| increased release | #461 |
| neuropathology | #462 |
| equivocal | #463 |
| 5ht levels | #463 |
| substantial body | #463 |
| neurological | #465 |
| dentate nuclei | #466 |
| hepatic glutathione | #466 |
| neurobehavioural | #467 |
| studies reveal | #468 |
| glutamic acid | #469 |
| central cholinergic | #469 |
| reye | #470 |
| monoamine metabolism | #471 |
| amino acid levels | #471 |
| urea production | #472 |
| patients hippocampal | #473 |
| alcoholic liver disease | #473 |
| putamen patients | #474 |
| liver dysfunction | #475 |
| glutamate transporters | #475 |
| gaba glycine | #475 |
| ox42 | #475 |
| inherited defects | #476 |
| alcohol brain | #477 |
| thiamin | #477 |
| thiamine pyrophosphate | #479 |
| release proinflammatory cytokines | #479 |
| amino acid transporters | #480 |
| acid humans | #480 |
| parkinsons diseases | #481 |
| inferior colliculus | #482 |
| images brain | #482 |
| acute male | #482 |
| chronic alcoholics | #484 |
| brain csf | #484 |
| nitric oxide synthase | #487 |
| manganese levels | #488 |
| triphosphate amino | #488 |
| concentrations increased | #488 |
| acids rats | #490 |
| urea ammonia | #491 |
| multinuclear nmr spectroscopy | #491 |
| jadad | #492 |
| increased production | #492 |
| glial fibrillary | #492 |
| role brain | #492 |
| ischemic cortex | #493 |
| pet ligand | #494 |
| outer mitochondrial membrane | #495 |
| ammonium ion | #495 |
| pyruvates | #495 |
| emitted radiation | #495 |
| aspartate glutamate | #495 |
| rat hippocampal | #496 |
| schaffer collaterals | #496 |
| hexanones | #496 |
| neurons nitric | #499 |
| ataxic | #499 |
| brain diseases | #501 |
| beneficial | #502 |
| brain synaptosomes | #505 |
| 3hd | #505 |
| 5 hydroxytryptophan | #507 |
| ketoacid | #508 |
| acid metabolites | #509 |
| gene therapy treatment | #510 |
| fatal complication | #510 |
| medulla oblongata | #511 |
| discrete brain regions | #511 |
| increased icp | #511 |
| histamine h1 receptors | #511 |
| exposure rats | #515 |
| acids amino | #516 |
| abnormal metabolism | #517 |
| major feature | #517 |
| humans neurons | #518 |
| chain acyl | #518 |
| concentrations 5 | #521 |
| ltrp | #523 |
| neurochemistry | #523 |
| inflammation mediators | #525 |
| toxic agents | #526 |
| rat hippocampal slices | #530 |
| brain female | #530 |
| aom | #531 |
| agents dopamine | #533 |
| receptor complex | #533 |
| dawley receptors | #533 |
| ligation bdl | #534 |
| focal cerebral | #534 |
| muscle loss | #534 |
| neurotoxins | #534 |
| 100 µg | #534 |
| combined actions | #535 |
| cerebellum cerebral | #536 |
| bdz | #537 |
| divalent metals | #538 |
| selective | #539 |
| alcoholic cirrhosis | #539 |
| severe liver disease | #539 |
| carroll | #539 |
| tipss | #540 |
| tyrosine nitration | #541 |
| hydroxymethylbilane | #541 |
| brain astrocytes | #542 |
| moderate drinking | #542 |
| moderate increase | #543 |
| portasystemic | #544 |
| aspartate | #544 |
| pyruvate oxidation | #544 |
| liver enzyme | #545 |
| organic osmolytes | #545 |
| chronic liver | #545 |
| energy metabolism | #546 |
| model hepatic | #547 |
| dissected | #548 |
| nitrosative stress | #548 |
| cumene | #548 |
| unanesthetized rats | #548 |
| unconjugated bilirubin | #549 |
| alpha1 alpha2 | #549 |
| thalamic lesions | #550 |
| brain region | #551 |
| taurine levels | #551 |
| genes brain | #553 |
| fatigue patients | #553 |
| glutamatergic neurotransmission | #554 |
| brain cytokines | #554 |
| water ammonia | #555 |
| increased uptake | #555 |
| nmda receptor antagonist | #556 |
| disease liver | #557 |
| rats bile | #558 |
| failure liver | #558 |
| gabaergic gaba | #563 |
| levels hepatic | #563 |
| microdialysate | #563 |
| cortex female humans | #564 |
| hydroxytryptophan | #564 |
| microglial response | #566 |
| serum bilirubin levels | #567 |
| mhe patients | #567 |
| malnutrition patients | #567 |
| ischemia liver | #568 |
| established role | #568 |
| transient increase | #569 |
| lhistidine | #569 |
| autoradiographic | #569 |
| neurotransmitter glutamate | #571 |
| neurologic signs | #573 |
| gaba | #574 |
| pathway brain | #574 |
| decarboxylase gad | #576 |
| octopamine | #577 |
| outcome liver | #577 |
| apap induced | #578 |
| il1beta expression | #578 |
| expression mrnas | #578 |
| oxobutanoate | #580 |
| liver pathology | #580 |
| biogenic monoamines | #581 |
| pyridinium compounds | #582 |
| octanoic | #582 |
| increases blood | #582 |
| histological lesions | #583 |
| brain metabolism | #583 |
| 5hydroxytryptophan | #584 |
| neurobehavioral effects | #588 |
| bloodbrain barrier | #589 |
| edema formation | #589 |
| monoamine oxidases | #589 |
| human spinal | #590 |
| activity brain | #591 |
| 13c nuclear | #592 |
| toxic levels | #593 |
| accompanying | #593 |
| endogenous opioid | #594 |
| catalytic sites | #594 |
| pathophysiological mechanisms | #594 |
| t1weighted imaging | #597 |
| highenergy phosphates | #598 |
| aminobutyric acid gaba | #599 |
| extracellular fluid | #600 |
| include | #601 |
| neuronal nitric | #601 |
| neuroglial | #601 |
| leigh disease | #601 |
| 3hcholine | #602 |
| taurine | #602 |
| largest increases | #604 |
| methyltyrosines | #606 |
| male nitric | #606 |
| glutamine humans | #607 |
| vermis | #608 |
| extracellular compartment | #608 |
| cirrhosis | #609 |
| acetyl | #609 |
| molecular studies | #609 |
| male metabolism | #610 |
| cortical slices | #610 |
| ammonia concentration | #612 |
| ventricular enlargement | #612 |
| friedreich ataxia | #612 |
| animals autoradiography | #614 |
| neurovascular unit | #615 |
| spraguedawley receptors | #615 |
| axonopathy | #616 |
| microglial | #616 |
| selective accumulation | #616 |
| artery ligation | #618 |
| c57bl6 mice | #618 |
| tricarboxylic | #618 |
| normothermic | #619 |
| mammillary | #620 |
| increased expression genes | #620 |
| acidic protein | #621 |
| junction proteins | #624 |
| controls addition | #624 |
| oxidase mao | #625 |
| hippocampal slices | #625 |
| new approaches | #625 |
| semi quantitative | #626 |
| amino acid concentrations | #626 |
| edema brain | #627 |
| hepatic levels | #628 |
| nimesulide | #628 |
| experimental animal model | #628 |
| clf | #629 |
| dbi | #629 |
| free radical formation | #630 |
| blood borne | #631 |
| neurobehavior | #631 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate dheas | #633 |
| ataxia | #634 |
| allosteric interactions | #635 |
| contributory role | #635 |
| dopamine striatum | #635 |
| urea synthesis | #635 |
| encephalopathies | #636 |
| neurological damage | #637 |
| harper | #638 |
| levels observed | #638 |
| neuroinflammation | #638 |
| astrocyte cultures | #638 |
| cerebellum | #639 |
| conduction velocities | #640 |
| deleterious effects | #640 |
| rats glucose | #641 |
| acid hippocampus | #643 |
| receptor densities | #644 |
| excitatory inhibitory | #645 |
| neuronal excitability | #645 |
| early role | #646 |
| chronic exposure | #647 |
| frontal temporal | #647 |
| nntetraacetic acid | #647 |
| desoxycorticosterone | #652 |
| matsumoto | #652 |
| excitatory amino | #653 |
| branched chain | #653 |
| cytokines tnf | #654 |
| tricarbonyl | #655 |
| gabaa gaba | #656 |
| mental state | #657 |
| 1400w | #657 |
| enos gene | #659 |
| acid transporter | #659 |
| dawley sodium | #661 |
| potential toxic effects | #662 |
| cerebral cortex | #663 |
| uptake release | #664 |
| 3hspiperone | #665 |
| metabolic basis | #665 |
| fibrillary acidic | #666 |
| cycle enzymes | #668 |
| heterogeneous distribution | #669 |
| cogent | #670 |
| minocycline treatment | #673 |
| inhibitory properties | #673 |
| potassium concentration | #675 |
| metabolism rats | #675 |
| 7ni | #678 |
| 7nitroindazole | #679 |
| evoked release | #682 |
| reduction expression | #683 |
| neuropathological | #683 |
| ornithine | #684 |
| regional specificity | #684 |
| ammonia treatment | #684 |
| millimolar | #684 |
| excitatory | #684 |
| gammaaminobutyric acid | #685 |
| frontal cortex hippocampus | #686 |
| spraguedawley | #688 |
| microg m3 | #688 |
| cerebral atrophy | #688 |
| protein tspo | #691 |
| brain regions | #695 |
| hepatic damage | #695 |
| ca1 pyramidal cells | #695 |
| fulminant | #695 |
| daily administration | #697 |
| acetylcysteine animals | #697 |
| synthase nnos | #698 |
| extrapyramidal | #698 |
| enzyme complex | #699 |
| bcaas | #700 |
| brain disorders | #700 |
| blood‐brain barrier | #701 |
| immunolabeling | #701 |
| ammonia production | #703 |
| normoglycemic | #703 |
| autophagy markers | #704 |
| rats dawley receptors | #705 |
| ethanol ingestion | #706 |
| quinolinic | #706 |
| acetylcysteine nac | #709 |
| cornerstone | #711 |
| glut1 expression | #714 |
| cortex rats | #715 |
| reductions | #719 |
| bmax values | #723 |
| phenylbutyrate | #723 |
| 6 day | #724 |
| surgical samples | #724 |
| nutritional status patients | #725 |
| acute hepatic | #726 |
| ketoglutaric | #729 |
| contribute | #730 |
| serotoninergic | #730 |
| expression isoforms | #736 |
| intensive study | #737 |
| piribedil | #740 |
| fluorimetric detection | #741 |
| mm nacl | #742 |
| ligation liver | #744 |
| dopaminergic function | #745 |
| cerebellar granule | #746 |
| biochemical alterations | #746 |
| methylglucose | #747 |
| tight junction | #748 |
| glucose oxidation | #749 |
| male microdialysis | #749 |
| choline acetyltransferase chat | #752 |
| cytochrome oxidase activity | #753 |
| scatchard analysis | #754 |
| alterations | #754 |
| illness terminology | #756 |
| glutamate glu | #757 |
| portasystemic shunt | #757 |
| delta receptors opioid | #758 |
| alcoholism animals | #760 |
| ergic | #761 |
| varying degrees | #762 |
| ammonium chloride | #763 |
| substantial evidence | #763 |
| tryptamines | #764 |
| opioid delta receptors | #764 |
| neutron activation analysis | #765 |
| levels 5 | #768 |
| excitotoxic | #769 |
| normal liver function | #769 |
| gdh | #769 |
| barrier permeability | #770 |
| control genes | #773 |
| newborn astrocytes | #774 |
| peripheral organs | #775 |
| cellular energy metabolism | #776 |
| ethanol consumption | #777 |
| increased blood | #778 |
| brain gene | #780 |
| hepatic dysfunction | #783 |
| species reactive | #783 |
| receptor function | #784 |
| cortex thalamus | #785 |
| mnsod | #785 |
| methods principal findings | #785 |
| glut1 | #786 |
| messenger rats | #786 |
| nakatpase | #787 |
| globus pallidus | #787 |
| early alterations | #789 |
| brain function | #790 |
| spraguedawley receptors messenger | #791 |
| probenecid | #791 |
| major route | #791 |
| 2 fold | #792 |
| glyceraldehyde3 phosphate | #792 |
| specific ligands | #793 |
| hypothermia treatment | #793 |
| rat cerebral | #795 |
| selective effects | #796 |
| typical cases | #796 |
| ethanol solution | #797 |
| plasma clearance | #797 |
| neuronal integrity | #799 |
| severity liver | #799 |
| nitroarginine | #801 |
| pertinence | #805 |
| hiaa | #806 |
| nh4cl | #807 |
| ultimately | #807 |
| neurotoxic effects | #807 |
| pyruvate metabolism | #808 |
| mrna protein | #809 |
| chat | #811 |
| acute brain injury | #812 |
| role astrocytes | #812 |
| predilection | #812 |
| enos mice | #815 |
| update | #816 |
| coma | #816 |
| glycolytic activity | #819 |
| cerebellar granule cells | #820 |
| nmethyldaspartate | #822 |
| eaat1 | #823 |
| pbc patients | #823 |
| iii groups | #824 |
| complete disappearance | #825 |
| pathogenesis treatment | #825 |
| edema | #826 |
| age matched | #826 |
| alzheimer type | #828 |
| atomic absorption spectrometry | #828 |
| synthesis rates | #829 |
| nitrite nitrate | #829 |
| glial | #830 |
| neurons astrocytes | #831 |
| water homeostasis | #831 |
| diseases alcoholic | #832 |
| alcoholics | #832 |
| eaat2 | #833 |
| monoamine | #834 |
| decreases | #835 |
| manifested | #836 |
| operated rats | #837 |
| pathophysiological | #837 |
| explain | #838 |
| amino3 | #838 |
| animal cell | #839 |
| oligonucleotide primers | #839 |
| treatment improvement | #841 |
| metabolic disorder | #842 |
| expression ho1 | #843 |
| cell loss | #845 |
| hypothermia patients | #846 |
| isotopomer | #846 |
| cfos cjun | #848 |
| oblongata | #849 |
| pharmacokinetic analyses | #849 |
| chronic alcohol consumption | #851 |
| gaba receptors | #852 |
| receptor mediated | #853 |
| nmda receptor | #853 |
| daily injections | #854 |
| matched age | #854 |
| glutamatergic | #856 |
| consequence | #856 |
| compromised | #857 |
| bbb integrity | #858 |
| aromatic amino acids | #861 |
| griess | #861 |
| hepatic disease | #862 |
| alcoholic | #862 |
| order role | #862 |
| antioxidant action | #863 |
| continues | #863 |
| inflammatory mechanisms | #866 |
| thalamic nuclei | #866 |
| cerebellar ataxia | #867 |
| early induction | #867 |
| normalizes | #869 |
| manifest | #870 |
| chronic liver disease | #871 |
| oxide rats | #872 |
| fpc | #874 |
| succimer | #877 |
| low risk bias | #880 |
| nmda receptor antagonists | #881 |
| excitatory amino acid | #882 |
| barrier bbb | #882 |
| greater susceptibility | #882 |
| cisterna magna | #882 |
| stimulated release | #887 |
| comatose | #890 |
| western cells | #890 |
| dehydrogenase | #890 |
| multinuclear | #891 |
| shamoperated animals | #891 |
| cultured hippocampal | #892 |
| nutritional intervention | #893 |
| interfere | #893 |
| mutant mouse | #894 |
| lipoamide | #897 |
| neuropsychiatric symptoms | #898 |
| exp | #899 |
| acetaminophen apap | #900 |
| sulfoximine | #901 |
| common death | #901 |
| dizocilpine maleate | #901 |
| cirrhosis pbc | #902 |
| neurons rna | #904 |
| lowering | #904 |
| experimental animal | #905 |
| quinolinic acid | #905 |
| autopsy brain | #907 |
| pcs | #907 |
| brain activities | #908 |
| factor tumor | #912 |
| acid animals | #912 |
| colliculus | #913 |
| selective ligands | #913 |
| pathophysiology | #913 |
| publication acidosis | #919 |
| placebo intervention | #919 |
| cerebellar degeneration | #920 |
| microdialysis study | #920 |
| liver homogenates | #922 |
| rat cortical | #922 |
| delta receptors | #924 |
| survival mice | #926 |
| urea cycle | #929 |
| striatum hippocampus | #930 |
| pugh | #931 |
| nacetylcysteine | #931 |
| microglial activation | #932 |
| findings evidence | #932 |
| hydroxy2di | #933 |
| activities enzymes | #936 |
| hepatic diseases | #942 |
| reaction water | #942 |
| tartrates | #942 |
| developing rat brain | #942 |
| injured liver | #943 |
| mammalian cns | #943 |
| agents oxidative | #943 |
| rats exposed | #943 |
| study liver | #943 |
| rapid removal | #945 |
| marked | #945 |
| pca | #948 |
| maladies | #949 |
| cirrhosis magnetic | #950 |
| 25mm | #951 |
| concentrations observed | #954 |
| spontaneous release | #957 |
| altered | #962 |
| spraguedawley receptors rats | #963 |
| detailed review | #964 |
| assay rats | #967 |
| putamen | #967 |
| translocator protein | #969 |
| humans hypothermia | #969 |
| moderate hypothermia | #970 |
| chronic liver diseases | #971 |
| acid transport | #971 |
| increased glycolysis | #971 |
| cerebral glucose | #971 |
| intermediary metabolism | #971 |
| nm range | #973 |
| autoradiographic study | #974 |
| aspartic acid | #979 |
| kidney heart | #979 |
| post translational modifications | #980 |
| neurological disease | #983 |
| occludin | #984 |
| oxygenase1 ho1 | #988 |
| 9 mice mice | #990 |
| effective measures | #990 |
| pdh | #990 |
| aquaporin4 | #991 |
| cirrhosis experimental | #991 |
| rats ethanol | #992 |
| brain oedema | #992 |
| increased plasma | #993 |
| spared | #993 |
| propylaminotetralin | #998 |
| damage mechanisms | #999 |
| adaptive mechanisms | #1006 |
| role oxidative stress | #1006 |
| soluble guanylyl | #1008 |
| flunitrazepam | #1008 |
| uptake kinetics | #1008 |
| rifaximin | #1009 |
| cerebro | #1009 |
| metabolic consequences | #1010 |
| rat brain | #1012 |
| progressing | #1013 |
| neurotoxic | #1013 |
| modulatory | #1015 |
| presymptomatic | #1015 |
| fulminant hepatic | #1016 |
| electrified | #1016 |
| publication amino acids | #1017 |
| ligands receptors | #1019 |
| unsuspected | #1020 |
| animal models | #1020 |
| abundant evidence | #1020 |
| 1h | #1023 |
| acids bcaa | #1023 |
| pallidus humans | #1024 |
| antioxidant anti | #1029 |
| astrocyte | #1030 |
| metabolism inborn | #1031 |
| tele | #1032 |
| microsomes | #1032 |
| etanercept treatment | #1034 |
| 7 hours | #1036 |
| muscle expression | #1038 |
| catalepsy | #1039 |
| interleukin1beta | #1041 |
| nutritional assessment | #1043 |
| monoamine oxidase | #1045 |
| pharmacology | #1048 |
| acid decarboxylase | #1050 |
| gabaergic | #1050 |
| aqp4 | #1050 |
| major factor | #1053 |
| caudate nucleus | #1053 |
| endogenous | #1055 |
| aquaporin 4 | #1056 |
| hepatolenticular | #1057 |
| specific antagonist | #1057 |
| synthetase | #1058 |
| involved pathogenesis | #1058 |
| adaptive mechanism | #1060 |
| frontoparietal cortex | #1060 |
| oxygenase1 | #1064 |
| gabaa receptors | #1066 |
| progression liver | #1067 |
| 5ht neurons | #1067 |
| sodium acetate | #1072 |
| efficacy treatment | #1075 |
| rat hepatocytes | #1075 |
| membrane preparations | #1077 |
| reflex | #1077 |
| inflammation infection | #1078 |
| glucose blotting | #1080 |
| accompanies | #1081 |
| gilles | #1083 |
| enzyme activities | #1083 |
| 34dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | #1085 |
| nonneuronal | #1086 |
| content increased | #1090 |
| lactate concentrations | #1092 |
| complex carbohydrates | #1092 |
| major players | #1095 |
| muscle brain | #1097 |
| radioligand assay | #1098 |
| awaiting | #1099 |
| intense staining | #1099 |
| rat primary | #1101 |
| baptaam | #1102 |
| normal physiological conditions | #1106 |
| cell culture studies | #1107 |
| tpp | #1107 |
| junction protein | #1108 |
| medial septum | #1109 |
| 5 mm | #1111 |
| hyperintensity | #1111 |
| assay receptors | #1113 |
| human brain tissue | #1116 |
| inflammation role | #1117 |
| patients alzheimers disease | #1117 |
| cirrhotics | #1118 |
| severe malnutrition | #1122 |
| atrophy brain | #1122 |
| ischemic core | #1127 |
| sprague | #1128 |
| cirrhosis male | #1129 |
| findings role | #1129 |
| astrocytes | #1130 |
| transient elevation | #1131 |
| amino acids | #1134 |
| tetrabenazine | #1135 |
| weight brain | #1137 |
| age controls | #1138 |
| diagonal band | #1139 |
| haloperidol humans | #1142 |
| oxide synthase | #1143 |
| receptors histamine | #1145 |
| hepatobiliary | #1146 |
| pyruvate | #1148 |
| nonepileptic | #1153 |
| worsens | #1153 |
| lactic acidosis | #1153 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate | #1154 |
| control tissue | #1157 |
| altered brain | #1162 |
| biogenic amines | #1163 |
| cresyl | #1166 |
| portosystemic | #1167 |
| h1 | #1168 |
| benzilate | #1171 |
| combustion products | #1172 |
| emax | #1173 |
| enzymologic | #1174 |
| lactate | #1177 |
| etanercept | #1179 |
| rats subjected | #1180 |
| parkinsonian symptoms | #1181 |
| glutamate dehydrogenase | #1182 |
| peripheral tissues | #1182 |
| nerve conduction | #1183 |
| nnos | #1185 |
| rats receptors | #1185 |
| urine levels | #1186 |
| principally | #1189 |
| mechanisms involved | #1191 |
| cardinal features | #1192 |
| synaptic cleft | #1192 |
| hyperintensities | #1193 |
| delta opioid | #1196 |
| causal factor | #1197 |
| rapid onset | #1198 |
| gabaa receptor | #1199 |
| transcriptase polymerase | #1201 |
| venous blood | #1204 |
| dopamine uptake | #1205 |
| dawley | #1205 |
| acetyl cysteine | #1207 |
| death cells | #1207 |
| hepatolenticular degeneration | #1209 |
| development brain | #1211 |
| increasing body | #1214 |
| direct effects | #1216 |
| stereotypy | #1218 |
| binding inhibitor | #1220 |
| radiometric | #1220 |
| brains mice | #1220 |
| pig model | #1221 |
| 5htp | #1222 |
| nmethyld | #1223 |
| fold increase | #1224 |
| neuropsychological impairment | #1226 |
| skeletal rats rats | #1226 |
| mitochondrial swelling | #1228 |
| transjugular | #1229 |
| wilson disease | #1229 |
| deprenyl | #1229 |
| 100 iu | #1232 |
| cultured rat | #1234 |
| circadian rhythmicity | #1234 |
| severity assessment | #1234 |
| hippocampus vitro | #1236 |
| hyperexcitability | #1239 |
| nakatpase activity | #1239 |
| spraguedawley receptors opioid | #1239 |
| congenitally | #1241 |
| hypermetabolism | #1242 |
| glyceraldehyde3 | #1242 |
| brain axis | #1246 |
| partial recovery | #1251 |
| elucidation | #1252 |
| kinetics male | #1253 |
| receptors neurotransmitter | #1254 |
| sprague dawley | #1255 |
| convincing evidence | #1258 |
| methyl aspartate | #1259 |
| gabaa | #1260 |
| 5hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #1261 |
| albumen | #1261 |
| acetylcysteine | #1262 |
| clinical entities | #1262 |
| hippocampus striatum | #1262 |
| myoinositol | #1264 |
| overactivation | #1270 |
| astroglial | #1271 |
| 1h 13c | #1271 |
| olfactory bulbs | #1273 |
| maleate | #1276 |
| rats expression | #1276 |
| congenital | #1281 |
| milligram | #1281 |
| vicious | #1281 |
| apoenzyme | #1281 |
| variable degree | #1282 |
| glutamate decarboxylase | #1287 |
| loss expression | #1288 |
| patients tle | #1288 |
| induced inhibition | #1289 |
| brain inflammation | #1290 |
| acid male | #1291 |
| metabolite | #1291 |
| acid cycle | #1291 |
| cortex kidney | #1292 |
| quisqualate | #1294 |
| ischemia cerebral | #1295 |
| rifamycins | #1296 |
| radioreceptor | #1296 |
| protective | #1297 |
| deficient | #1297 |
| dawley animals | #1297 |
| zinc concentrations | #1300 |
| permeability blood | #1301 |
| synaptosomes | #1302 |
| potential therapeutic approach | #1305 |
| frontoparietal | #1306 |
| 7 males | #1308 |
| opioid delta | #1308 |
| caveolin1 | #1310 |
| neuronal dysfunction | #1310 |
| liver | #1314 |
| 5mm | #1314 |
| heme oxygenase1 | #1316 |
| greater magnitude | #1317 |
| adrenals | #1318 |
| 35°c | #1319 |
| threefold | #1320 |
| receptors methyl | #1321 |
| invariably | #1324 |
| neurotransmission | #1325 |
| dopamine serotonin | #1328 |
| nanomolar | #1328 |
| guanylyl | #1329 |
| appearance | #1329 |
| animal electrophoresis | #1334 |
| major complication | #1334 |
| signaling mechanisms | #1335 |
| acetyltransferase | #1337 |
| phosphate dehydrogenase | #1344 |
| cerebellum hippocampus | #1344 |
| astrocytes cells | #1346 |
| cgmp pathway | #1349 |
| heavy drinkers | #1350 |
| transporter proteins | #1352 |
| brain effects | #1358 |
| neuronal | #1361 |
| dopamine female | #1361 |
| interleukin1 receptors | #1364 |
| female globus | #1364 |
| shunt tips | #1368 |
| male rats rats | #1369 |
| hypoglycaemic | #1375 |
| small decrease | #1378 |
| fur | #1380 |
| electrolyte balance | #1381 |
| aromatic amino | #1383 |
| bile duct ligation | #1386 |
| chelation therapy | #1387 |
| synergism | #1387 |
| nitrated | #1388 |
| gaba agonists | #1389 |
| ca2independent | #1392 |
| preliminary studies | #1394 |
| neurological sequelae | #1395 |
| transamination | #1396 |
| occipital cortex | #1401 |
| intrauterine growth | #1402 |
| immediateearly genes | #1403 |
| guanylate | #1409 |
| pallidus | #1409 |
| larginine | #1412 |
| selectively | #1416 |
| cerebral | #1417 |
| patients findings | #1425 |
| paper details | #1426 |
| normo | #1427 |
| mutant strains | #1429 |
| acute brain | #1433 |
| motor nerve | #1441 |
| paralleled | #1444 |
| shamoperated | #1445 |
| common approaches | #1450 |
| childpugh score | #1450 |
| risk falls | #1451 |
| mitochondrial membranes | #1451 |
| peripheral | #1452 |
| longer wavelength | #1453 |
| hypoglycaemia | #1455 |
| intraventricular injections | #1456 |
| effective prevention | #1456 |
| benzodiazepinones | #1459 |
| clonazepam | #1460 |
| modulatory effects | #1462 |
| hydroxydopamines | #1465 |
| studies brain | #1471 |
| quinuclidinyl | #1472 |
| swelling | #1477 |
| brain tissues | #1479 |
| patients liver disease | #1481 |
| saturable | #1482 |
| 13c | #1485 |
| 23390 | #1485 |
| deficiency | #1486 |
| characteristic | #1488 |
| excitatory neurotransmission | #1488 |
| gfap | #1491 |
| dopamine agents | #1499 |
| messenger rats rats | #1504 |
| neuroprotective role | #1505 |
| bilirubin levels | #1509 |
| primary concern | #1509 |
| histological studies | #1509 |
| volume regulation | #1512 |
| increases | #1512 |
| cortex striatum | #1513 |
| primary biliary cirrhosis | #1514 |
| receptor subunits | #1515 |
| herniation | #1516 |
| liver disease | #1519 |
| rat cerebral cortex | #1519 |
| 1h magnetic | #1523 |
| glutamic acid decarboxylase | #1525 |
| integrity | #1525 |
| tyrosine residues | #1527 |
| branched | #1530 |
| tk | #1532 |
| temporal profile | #1539 |
| increased capacity | #1541 |
| transport animals | #1546 |
| brain homogenates | #1547 |
| acetylcarnitine | #1548 |
| apomorphine | #1548 |
| cholinergic | #1549 |
| vitamins minerals | #1550 |
| tricarboxylic acid | #1551 |
| wistar receptors rats | #1552 |
| lactulose | #1554 |
| pathological hallmark | #1557 |
| regional differences | #1557 |
| neurochemical | #1559 |
| lactate levels | #1561 |
| cirrhosis liver | #1564 |
| reflexes | #1566 |
| pathological mechanisms | #1567 |
| extracellular | #1568 |
| neurotransmitters | #1572 |
| poor diet | #1575 |
| major forms | #1579 |
| brain cerebral | #1580 |
| biliary cirrhosis | #1584 |
| light energy | #1584 |
| scad | #1584 |
| epilepsy tle | #1585 |
| tryptophan | #1585 |
| brain cell | #1586 |
| patients review | #1589 |
| ependymal cells | #1591 |
| ngnitrolarginine methyl ester | #1592 |
| new findings | #1594 |
| lesser extent | #1595 |
| pyruvate carboxylase | #1596 |
| aspartate nmda | #1598 |
| llysine | #1600 |
| pbc | #1601 |
| rat hippocampus | #1602 |
| mri signal | #1605 |
| brain slices | #1606 |
| specific therapies | #1606 |
| tdp | #1615 |
| ouabain | #1615 |
| travelled | #1618 |
| unanesthetized | #1623 |
| anastomosis | #1626 |
| acute mice | #1627 |
| neuroglia neurons | #1629 |
| deficient diet | #1631 |
| failure mechanisms | #1633 |
| receptor human | #1635 |
| prevents | #1637 |
| zinc copper | #1640 |
| cerebellar | #1641 |
| tritium | #1642 |
| dorsal raphe nucleus | #1646 |
| regulation animals | #1647 |
| male membrane glycoproteins | #1648 |
| died | #1650 |
| animals cerebral | #1651 |
| experimental treatment | #1651 |
| brain endothelial | #1652 |
| neuromodulatory | #1653 |
| synthase nitric | #1653 |
| amino acid transport | #1654 |
| distribution animals | #1657 |
| glutamate receptors | #1657 |
| fourfold | #1658 |
| extracellular space | #1660 |
| excitotoxicity | #1661 |
| rapid accumulation | #1664 |
| bbb disruption | #1664 |
| gapdh | #1667 |
| striking similarities | #1667 |
| supporting cells | #1669 |
| autoradiography | #1673 |
| previous findings | #1674 |
| synthetase activity | #1675 |
| messenger | #1677 |
| veratrum | #1688 |
| brain area | #1691 |
| dehydrogenase deficiency | #1694 |
| diseases metabolic | #1696 |
| glycogen metabolism | #1701 |
| brainstem | #1704 |
| postulated | #1708 |
| midbrain | #1708 |
| thp | #1710 |
| accumulate | #1716 |
| ibotenic | #1723 |
| fulminant hepatic failure | #1723 |
| dizocilpine | #1724 |
| inborn | #1724 |
| polyclonal antibody | #1725 |
| phenomenon | #1726 |
| benzodiazepines | #1726 |
| il1beta | #1733 |
| alternative mechanism | #1734 |
| animals arginine | #1735 |
| carnitine | #1735 |
| cumene hydroperoxide | #1737 |
| noninvasive techniques | #1737 |
| disorders nervous | #1739 |
| decarboxylase | #1750 |
| normalization | #1756 |
| liver disease patients | #1757 |
| alternative hypothesis | #1757 |
| magna | #1759 |
| consequent | #1760 |
| tricarboxylic acid cycle | #1761 |
| shunts | #1762 |
| c57bl6 | #1762 |
| spiperone | #1763 |
| metabolism glucose | #1769 |
| intrahepatic portosystemic | #1770 |
| allosteric | #1770 |
| critical appraisal | #1773 |
| betaamyloid | #1781 |
| granule neurons | #1785 |
| acetaminophen induced | #1788 |
| muscarinic | #1789 |
| cell damage | #1790 |
| rats spraguedawley receptors | #1791 |
| brain damage | #1791 |
| adult rat brain | #1794 |
| normothermia | #1794 |
| body temperature | #1794 |
| glucose utilization | #1797 |
| common complication | #1799 |
| nmr study | #1802 |
| ampa receptors | #1806 |
| superfusion | #1810 |
| preliminary investigation | #1812 |
| primary metabolism | #1813 |
| nutritional supplements | #1815 |
| coa dehydrogenase | #1815 |
| major organs | #1815 |
| endorphin | #1817 |
| pyruvic | #1822 |
| oxazepam | #1822 |
| rat | #1829 |
| hypertension intracranial | #1832 |
| dorsal raphe | #1833 |
| hippocampal ca1 | #1834 |
| hepatic failure | #1835 |
| vmax values | #1836 |
| major roles | #1837 |
| bdl | #1839 |
| mild | #1840 |
| reuptake | #1843 |
| neurological deterioration | #1844 |
| compared controls | #1845 |
| granule cells | #1846 |
| metalloproteinase9 | #1847 |
| γaminobutyric acid | #1849 |
| toxins | #1850 |
| regulatory processes | #1854 |
| capillary gas chromatography | #1856 |
| chronic alcohol | #1857 |
| ammonium compounds | #1857 |
| monoaminergic | #1862 |
| cirrhotic rats | #1863 |
| body water | #1865 |
| liver transplantation patients | #1865 |
| caudate | #1868 |
| cholinergic neurons | #1872 |
| stroke outcome | #1876 |
| lactate production | #1877 |
| immunoreactivities | #1877 |
| platelets patients | #1882 |
| glutamate release | #1886 |
| neurotoxicity syndromes | #1886 |
| disorder treatment | #1886 |
| beta endorphin | #1892 |
| acute | #1900 |
| locomotor activity | #1902 |
| hepatoprotective | #1903 |
| common feature | #1904 |
| induced liver | #1906 |
| atp adp | #1913 |
| induced rats | #1917 |
| cirrhosis biliary | #1919 |
| stereotyped | #1920 |
| penicillamine | #1920 |
| colorimetric assay | #1921 |
| patients cirrhosis | #1923 |
| rodent models | #1923 |
| grossly | #1925 |
| dipeptides | #1930 |
| behavioral abnormalities | #1932 |
| precipitated | #1934 |
| tspo | #1935 |
| nitration | #1937 |
| areas brain | #1941 |
| patients aids | #1944 |
| neurocognitive impairment | #1945 |
| major metabolite | #1952 |
| major site | #1957 |
| synthase | #1958 |
| dpat | #1961 |
| concomitant | #1962 |
| cerebral metabolism | #1965 |
| normal dogs | #1965 |
| acid transporters | #1966 |
| acid synthesis | #1966 |
| spectroscopy male | #1968 |
| manganese superoxide dismutase | #1970 |
| globus | #1977 |
| 5hydroxytryptamine | #1977 |
| nmethyldaspartate receptors | #1977 |
| druginduced liver injury | #1977 |
| mice compared | #1981 |
| 28 weeks | #1981 |
| degeneration humans | #1986 |
| potassium exchanging | #1987 |
| erk1 | #1990 |
| cognitive dysfunction | #1991 |
| neurologic symptoms | #1991 |
| duct ligation | #1991 |
| idazoxan | #1993 |
| oxotremorine | #1994 |
| ideal model | #1994 |
| 5 ht | #1996 |
| recirculating | #1997 |
| primary biliary | #2000 |
| radioligand | #2001 |
| 2fold increase | #2006 |
| mk801 | #2007 |
| ampa receptor | #2015 |
| heterogeneously | #2017 |
| cerebellar cortex | #2019 |
| overactivity | #2020 |
| injury mice | #2022 |
| arterio | #2023 |
| pet imaging | #2028 |
| glucose brain | #2034 |
| sham rats | #2036 |
| microdialysis | #2036 |
| neurologic complications | #2036 |
| aminoacids | #2036 |
| sham | #2040 |
| osmolytes | #2041 |
| peroneal nerve | #2041 |
| resonance nmr | #2043 |
| exchanging atpase | #2043 |
| cerebri | #2046 |
| cyclase | #2046 |
| pathogenetic mechanisms | #2047 |
| passive diffusion | #2050 |
| suggested | #2053 |
| groups iii | #2063 |
| decreased activity | #2064 |
| tracings | #2064 |
| 10 12 | #2068 |
| dawley rats | #2069 |
| convulsants | #2071 |
| stage liver | #2072 |
| vivo brain | #2074 |
| elucidated | #2077 |
| tumor necrosis factoralpha | #2079 |
| penumbra | #2080 |
| biochemical parameters | #2082 |
| deficit | #2084 |
| acetates | #2087 |
| transjugular intrahepatic | #2089 |
| trace amounts | #2090 |
| international society | #2094 |
| autopsy | #2098 |
| ensuing | #2103 |
| zo1 | #2106 |
| solely | #2108 |
| atrophies | #2109 |
| p0018 | #2111 |
| portal pressure | #2117 |
| nitric oxide synthesis | #2117 |
| parallel | #2121 |
| chp | #2121 |
| synthase type | #2125 |
| neurological manifestations | #2141 |
| ligase | #2142 |
| synergistically | #2143 |
| exception | #2143 |
| brain barrier | #2148 |
| subsequent degradation | #2149 |
| indicative | #2150 |
| bmax | #2158 |
| rats spraguedawley | #2158 |
| time onset | #2158 |
| intracranial pressure | #2167 |
| amnestic | #2169 |
| male rat | #2170 |
| muscimol | #2173 |
| acute effects | #2178 |
| human patients | #2179 |
| neural inhibition | #2180 |
| gaa | #2180 |
| reactive nitrogen | #2187 |
| subchronic | #2189 |
| apap | #2194 |
| blood csf | #2194 |
| increasing recognition | #2200 |
| cox2 | #2203 |
| overt | #2205 |
| parkinsonism | #2209 |
| methysergide | #2212 |
| pressure icp | #2217 |
| homovanillic acid | #2217 |
| vitamin supplements | #2220 |
| nitroarginine methyl | #2223 |
| hypothermic | #2223 |
| brain cells | #2225 |
| function brain | #2230 |
| antiparkinson | #2232 |
| liver enzymes | #2238 |
| minocycline | #2242 |
| pss | #2244 |
| chelators | #2245 |
| neurological disorders | #2248 |
| humans liver | #2249 |
| diminution | #2262 |
| blood brain | #2265 |
| symporters | #2265 |
| liver circulation | #2265 |
| doubt | #2267 |
| nutritional deficiencies | #2268 |
| messenger systems | #2271 |
| gliosis | #2279 |
| behavior rats | #2280 |
| synaptic vesicles | #2297 |
| additional factors | #2297 |
| rats liver | #2299 |
| phosphate | #2300 |
| eeg activity | #2302 |
| acrylamides | #2303 |
| patients minimal | #2304 |
| isoxazolepropionic | #2307 |
| immunoreactive neurons | #2308 |
| superoxide dismutase | #2314 |
| tle | #2315 |
| memantine | #2320 |
| multiorgan failure | #2322 |
| cortex hippocampus | #2325 |
| brain expression | #2326 |
| cultured cerebral | #2327 |
| systemic inflammatory response | #2328 |
| primary cultures | #2328 |
| male nerve | #2330 |
| blindly | #2333 |
| hrqol patients | #2334 |
| housekeeping | #2336 |
| acidosis | #2338 |
| relative increase | #2338 |
| convincing | #2340 |
| scatchard | #2349 |
| lactates | #2359 |
| binding assays | #2360 |
| ligands | #2360 |
| olivary | #2362 |
| benzoic | #2364 |
| inbred strains | #2366 |
| patients increased | #2373 |
| endstage liver disease | #2376 |
| voluntary | #2377 |
| synaptic dysfunction | #2377 |
| competitive inhibitor | #2380 |
| clinical condition | #2391 |
| mental fatigue | #2392 |
| deficiencies | #2392 |
| potential adverse effects | #2393 |
| exchanging | #2401 |
| brains patients | #2401 |
| neurotoxin | #2406 |
| homovanillic | #2416 |
| lnmma | #2430 |
| induced brain | #2432 |
| protein mrna | #2433 |
| transporter 2 | #2443 |
| calcium binding | #2449 |
| cerebral metabolic | #2467 |
| extracellular levels | #2471 |
| 01 mm | #2473 |
| histamine receptor | #2483 |
| fluorescence detection | #2489 |
| peripheral inflammation | #2490 |
| adult male rats | #2491 |
| bbb | #2498 |
| receptors ampa | #2502 |
| synaptic function | #2508 |
| pathogenic role | #2509 |
| count cell | #2510 |
| effects alcohol | #2511 |
| pyridinium | #2513 |
| animal model | #2513 |
| activation microglia | #2514 |
| noxious stimuli | #2518 |
| hypotonia | #2524 |
| vmax | #2529 |
| 5ht | #2530 |
| physical conditioning | #2532 |
| nuclear magnetic | #2534 |
| dopac | #2534 |
| metabolic acidosis | #2541 |
| expression endothelial | #2563 |
| alcohol induced | #2566 |
| male matrix | #2571 |
| fmol | #2572 |
| understanding pathophysiology | #2573 |
| humans ligands | #2573 |
| receptor density | #2577 |
| alpha1 | #2577 |
| ataxias | #2577 |
| vessel walls | #2581 |
| postmortem brain | #2588 |
| microglia neurons | #2591 |
| mao | #2594 |
| multiple mechanisms | #2597 |
| acetylcholinesterase | #2598 |
| cerebrospinal | #2601 |
| groups subjects | #2608 |
| il1β il6 | #2619 |
| 10 microm | #2621 |
| possibility | #2621 |
| cognitive motor | #2623 |
| 15–30 | #2625 |
| greater extent | #2626 |
| methylaspartate | #2630 |
| normalisation | #2632 |
| nitrosation | #2635 |
| biochemical evidence | #2639 |
| circulating concentrations | #2640 |
| deteriorating | #2640 |
| day treatment | #2647 |
| activity rats | #2661 |
| thalamic | #2663 |
| transcriptase | #2663 |
| chc | #2665 |
| nitric | #2665 |
| katpase | #2665 |
| binding competitive | #2668 |
| olfactory bulb | #2669 |
| glutathione levels | #2669 |
| osmolar | #2683 |
| patients alcoholic | #2684 |
| guanylyl cyclase | #2685 |
| glial cell | #2686 |
| serotonin 5 | #2689 |
| effects ethanol | #2695 |
| indwelling | #2704 |
| rats control | #2705 |
| nerve terminals | #2705 |
| laboratory findings | #2710 |
| groups animals | #2715 |
| lactic | #2723 |
| situ nickend | #2733 |
| publication animals behavior | #2737 |
| frontal lobe | #2742 |
| hemodiafiltration | #2755 |
| suggests | #2760 |
| glutaminase | #2764 |
| functional integrity | #2767 |
| regions | #2769 |
| 6hydroxydopamine | #2771 |
| neurons animals | #2774 |
| kindred | #2775 |
| leucine | #2779 |
| turnover rate | #2779 |
| 24h | #2786 |
| glutamate receptor | #2789 |
| systemic circulation | #2789 |
| animal rats | #2790 |
| amino acid | #2798 |
| rhythmicity | #2798 |
| severity patients | #2806 |
| osmolar concentration | #2813 |
| inbred strains mice | #2814 |
| pontine | #2817 |
| exposed | #2821 |
| mechanisms | #2824 |
| hydroxy5 | #2826 |
| microglial cells | #2827 |
| p38mapk | #2831 |
| gastrointestinal agents | #2833 |
| neurological deficit | #2834 |
| regulation enzymologic | #2834 |
| minneapolis | #2835 |
| blood brain barrier | #2841 |
| brain calcium | #2847 |
| marked decrease | #2867 |
| bilirubin | #2876 |
| twofold increase | #2877 |
| amino | #2882 |
| alcoholic fatty | #2882 |
| nerve cells | #2883 |
| alanine | #2885 |
| synaptic | #2888 |
| diabetic animals | #2890 |
| ca2dependent | #2893 |
| pet study | #2897 |
| mmt | #2898 |
| trafficking | #2901 |
| kainate | #2903 |
| rigidity | #2905 |
| slices | #2905 |
| standpoint | #2906 |
| ameliorating | #2910 |
| confirming | #2918 |
| clinical syndrome | #2931 |
| cell volume | #2936 |
| normal control | #2938 |
| dying | #2938 |
| normal animals | #2939 |
| translocator | #2943 |
| subfield | #2943 |
| 12 weeks treatment | #2944 |
| receptors opioid | #2962 |
| impaired | #2964 |
| 11c | #2965 |
| assist devices | #2970 |
| astrocytes cell | #2971 |
| brain uptake | #2974 |
| inflammation liver | #2982 |
| unaffected | #2982 |
| excitatory synapses | #3000 |
| pyruvic acid | #3000 |
| intermediary | #3008 |
| normal values | #3015 |
| aquaporin | #3036 |
| uptake | #3039 |
| kainic | #3043 |
| barrier brain | #3047 |
| incubation medium | #3051 |
| cox2 expression | #3051 |
| ca1 pyramidal | #3053 |
| biliary obstruction | #3054 |
| weighted magnetic | #3069 |
| concert | #3073 |
| tmp | #3076 |
| portosystemic shunt | #3078 |
| metabolite concentrations | #3078 |
| harmful effects | #3082 |
| attenuation | #3083 |
| selegiline | #3086 |
| activated microglia | #3088 |
| reserpine | #3093 |
| liver injury | #3095 |
| cd1 | #3099 |
| catecholaminergic | #3109 |
| atp levels | #3111 |
| adult rats | #3113 |
| renal vein | #3115 |
| valine | #3133 |
| short halflife | #3136 |
| toxic effects | #3137 |
| relative roles | #3149 |
| decreased | #3156 |
| myo inositol | #3161 |
| higher doses | #3168 |
| animals binding | #3169 |
| dhea | #3171 |
| nmda | #3172 |
| loss | #3180 |
| carboxamide | #3189 |
| endorphins | #3192 |
| failure | #3192 |
| relation | #3194 |
| abruptly | #3195 |
| radical scavengers | #3198 |
| inhalation | #3199 |
| bcaa | #3199 |
| mental retardation | #3201 |
| enzymologic genes | #3209 |
| clinical presentations | #3210 |
| ketanserin | #3214 |
| liver function | #3214 |
| heavy drinking | #3218 |
| coenzymes | #3220 |
| noradrenaline | #3224 |
| imidodiphosphate | #3226 |
| active transport | #3232 |
| portal | #3235 |
| shortchain fatty acids | #3238 |
| gad | #3238 |
| acidic | #3243 |
| synaptic membranes | #3244 |
| pyrophosphate | #3248 |
| induced hepatic | #3252 |
| treated rats | #3256 |
| nitrogen species | #3267 |
| systemic | #3276 |
| oxidative metabolism | #3281 |
| respects | #3285 |
| induced seizures | #3287 |
| synaptosomal | #3291 |
| drug repositioning | #3296 |
| behavioral symptoms | #3300 |
| water electrolyte | #3306 |
| kcl | #3307 |
| cell death | #3311 |
| metabolic alterations | #3324 |
| anterolateral | #3326 |
| reverse | #3327 |
| metabolized | #3331 |
| nanomolar concentrations | #3335 |
| sedatives | #3342 |
| general circulation | #3344 |
| nac | #3347 |
| dab | #3352 |
| rats received | #3359 |
| regionally | #3359 |
| benzoates | #3360 |
| membrane transport | #3361 |
| dosedependent fashion | #3364 |
| aspartate receptors | #3366 |
| rats inbred | #3368 |
| subsequent studies | #3371 |
| phenylalanine | #3384 |
| opioid | #3388 |
| cerebral ischemia | #3388 |
| inbred strains receptors | #3389 |
| cortex | #3391 |
| robust evidence | #3394 |
| hydroxytryptamine | #3402 |
| tyrphostins | #3403 |
| galactosamine | #3404 |
| brain disease | #3407 |
| brain lesions | #3412 |
| disturbances | #3421 |
| falls | #3421 |
| histamine | #3423 |
| progressive increase | #3423 |
| ldopa | #3426 |
| quaternary ammonium | #3427 |
| morphologic | #3428 |
| transaminases | #3432 |
| gln | #3436 |
| decreased levels | #3437 |
| modulation | #3439 |
| levels liver | #3443 |
| indole3 | #3446 |
| superior colliculus | #3451 |
| epilepsy temporal | #3453 |
| toxic | #3455 |
| strains mice | #3456 |
| biogenic | #3458 |
| accumulates | #3462 |
| timecourse | #3467 |
| phosphocreatine | #3473 |
| rats rats | #3474 |
| indomethacin | #3480 |
| striatum | #3482 |
| developing rat | #3485 |
| upregulation | #3491 |
| glycine | #3492 |
| brain stem | #3495 |
| subcortical structures | #3497 |
| liver male | #3497 |
| electrochemical detection | #3499 |
| new evidence | #3499 |
| basal ganglia | #3500 |
| rat models | #3503 |
| lobe epilepsy | #3503 |
| previous observations | #3507 |
| aids patients | #3511 |
| huntington | #3515 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone | #3537 |
| aging brain | #3542 |
| rats treatment | #3545 |
| neurons oxidative | #3545 |
| kidney liver | #3555 |
| tyramine | #3558 |
| fold | #3563 |
| cytokines disease | #3576 |
| nerve degeneration | #3584 |
| tissue distribution | #3600 |
| portal vein | #3600 |
| inferior vena cava | #3600 |
| brain structure | #3613 |
| antioxidant properties | #3627 |
| truncated 250 | #3627 |
| pathology | #3635 |
| cofactor | #3636 |
| prolonged exposure | #3636 |
| hypertonic saline | #3638 |
| disease states | #3648 |
| implication | #3650 |
| increased activity | #3655 |
| hydroxydopamine | #3657 |
| precipitating | #3664 |
| ache | #3664 |
| fatty liver | #3666 |
| investigator | #3675 |
| circadian rhythms | #3680 |
| scavengers | #3682 |
| lobe | #3694 |
| splanchnic | #3699 |
| regional variation | #3700 |
| arginine | #3718 |
| proinflammatory cytokine | #3722 |
| new model | #3723 |
| medial | #3735 |
| thioacetamide | #3741 |
| cassette transporters | #3742 |
| treated animals | #3746 |
| induced neurotoxicity | #3751 |
| stress rats | #3755 |
| normal mice | #3758 |
| consensus statement | #3765 |
| dopamine d1 | #3773 |
| 4 wk | #3786 |
| 1968 | #3791 |
| parietal lobe | #3793 |
| acetylcholinesterase ache | #3799 |
| dietary protein | #3801 |
| mitochondrion | #3807 |
| finding | #3814 |
| major | #3815 |
| neural cell | #3825 |
| diazepam | #3825 |
| control animals | #3825 |
| resemble | #3833 |
| western blot analyses | #3838 |
| inborn errors | #3846 |
| systemically | #3846 |
| prefrontal | #3857 |
| effects chronic | #3872 |
| nmr spectroscopy | #3879 |
| malabsorption | #3896 |
| type nitric | #3897 |
| dopamine d1 receptors | #3899 |
| dopa | #3907 |
| enhanced production | #3909 |
| metabolic pathway | #3911 |
| elucidate | #3914 |
| levels measured | #3915 |
| nitric oxide production | #3919 |
| new therapeutic approaches | #3919 |
| tone | #3924 |
| pindolol | #3929 |
| peripheral neuropathy | #3937 |
| ascorbate | #3942 |
| reabsorption | #3949 |
| medulla | #3949 |
| csf | #3949 |
| wet weight | #3951 |
| tourette | #3975 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders | #3978 |
| purkinje cells | #3983 |
| antiinflammatory | #3987 |
| complication | #3992 |
| fatigue | #3992 |
| tca cycle | #4003 |
| pseudotumor | #4006 |
| brain activation | #4009 |
| day 5 | #4011 |
| treatment prevention | #4021 |
| transporter | #4026 |
| elevated blood | #4053 |
| nmda receptors | #4053 |
| bz | #4054 |
| strains receptors | #4069 |
| neurotoxicity | #4070 |
| fischer | #4082 |
| cultured neurons | #4097 |
| remove | #4101 |
| gastrointestinal bleeding | #4103 |
| involve | #4104 |
| nonalcoholic | #4111 |
| intracranial | #4134 |
| coa | #4138 |
| visible spectrum | #4140 |
| induced mitochondrial | #4149 |
| exacerbate | #4165 |
| lower affinity | #4172 |
| motor activity | #4178 |
| future clinical trials | #4178 |
| reverse transcriptase | #4185 |
| nitroso | #4190 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance | #4193 |
| oxide production | #4198 |
| ampa | #4204 |
| endothelial nitric | #4205 |
| liver cirrhosis | #4232 |
| steadystate levels | #4244 |
| knockout receptors | #4249 |
| enkephalins | #4276 |
| tips | #4318 |
| isoenzymes | #4321 |
| contention | #4326 |
| pathogenetic | #4326 |
| 3h | #4342 |
| oxidase inhibitors | #4346 |
| female frontal | #4355 |
| alcohol abuse | #4357 |
| matched | #4358 |
| chelator | #4359 |
| vitro model | #4364 |
| groups rats | #4365 |
| acids | #4373 |
| chorea | #4373 |
| geniculate | #4374 |
| prevention | #4375 |
| ratelimiting enzyme | #4382 |
| neocortical | #4398 |
| rtpcr | #4402 |
| mrna expression | #4418 |
| hepatic artery | #4425 |
| enos | #4425 |
| immunohistochemical analysis | #4428 |
| peripherally | #4430 |
| postnatally | #4433 |
| 10 micrograms | #4438 |
| specific activities | #4449 |
| carbon isotopes | #4449 |
| acid amino | #4455 |
| inos | #4460 |
| tetrahydrobiopterin | #4480 |
| diencephalon | #4481 |
| citric | #4487 |
| agents steroidal | #4499 |
| isoleucine | #4507 |
| chemical drug | #4509 |
| incompletely | #4517 |
| hippocampal neurons | #4518 |
| endogenously | #4521 |
| potent inhibitor | #4528 |
| pglycoprotein | #4535 |
| tissue concentrations | #4552 |
| model chronic | #4561 |
| animal studies | #4562 |
| gssg | #4562 |
| mitochondrial dysfunction | #4575 |
| substantia nigra | #4577 |
| neurological function | #4585 |
| explanation | #4600 |
| acetaminophen | #4606 |
| transaminase | #4608 |
| 250 | #4627 |
| small increase | #4629 |
| liver diseases | #4637 |
| mrna | #4639 |
| narcotic | #4643 |
| models neurological | #4666 |
| enzymes | #4671 |
| myo | #4677 |
| dopamine | #4679 |
| choline | #4683 |
| nitrites | #4684 |
| worsening | #4685 |
| tremor | #4694 |
| relate | #4701 |
| ho1 | #4704 |
| diphosphate | #4705 |
| neuronal survival | #4712 |
| develops | #4714 |
| realtime quantitative pcr | #4719 |
| techniques male | #4729 |
| key enzymes | #4730 |
| debilitating | #4732 |
| skeletal muscle | #4736 |
| amines | #4737 |
| receptors tumor | #4740 |
| motor coordination | #4745 |
| patients liver cirrhosis | #4749 |
| neurovascular | #4749 |
| triphosphate | #4752 |
| receptors | #4761 |
| apoptotic cell death | #4774 |
| patients liver | #4775 |
| neuroprotective agents | #4778 |
| mn2 | #4792 |
| male rats | #4793 |
| ulnar | #4795 |
| opioid peptides | #4821 |
| ganglia | #4828 |
| failing | #4835 |
| membrane cells | #4837 |
| liver regeneration | #4853 |
| regional cerebral | #4875 |
| constellation | #4875 |
| nonselective | #4891 |
| opioid receptors | #4901 |
| modulator | #4905 |
| tyrosine | #4906 |
| transporters | #4906 |
| 001 | #4915 |
| animals antioxidants | #4919 |
| injections intraperitoneal | #4921 |
| neurons rats | #4927 |
| glucose humans | #4936 |
| epilepsy humans | #4940 |
| degree | #4943 |
| kainic acid | #4963 |
| evident | #4988 |
| rapid progression | #4996 |
| viral hepatitis | #4998 |
| indazoles | #5000 |
| methyl2 | #5002 |
| clinical conditions | #5004 |
| 25 mm | #5009 |
| ammonium | #5017 |
| acid metabolism | #5018 |
| neurological diseases | #5024 |
| raphe | #5043 |
| consequences | #5048 |
| immunostaining | #5051 |
| weighted mri | #5053 |
| offspring | #5054 |
| tight | #5055 |
| alcoholism | #5063 |
| cyclooxygenase2 | #5066 |
| malnutrition | #5080 |
| metabolism | #5084 |
| suggesting | #5106 |
| endoperoxide | #5129 |
| clinical criteria | #5130 |
| acid | #5133 |
| nitric oxide | #5140 |
| disorder | #5143 |
| sarcopenia | #5163 |
| anticonvulsant | #5164 |
| glial cells | #5213 |
| temporal lobe | #5226 |
| leads | #5232 |
| animals | #5236 |
| portal hypertension | #5238 |
| child pugh | #5266 |
| severe | #5277 |
| sustained | #5277 |
| normal rats | #5278 |
| cerebrum | #5280 |
| organ dysfunction | #5288 |
| cerebrospinal fluid | #5299 |
| animal brain | #5308 |
| restores | #5312 |
| reversal | #5325 |
| methylarginine | #5330 |
| intoxication | #5344 |
| major impact | #5349 |
| 4 groups | #5350 |
| animal humans | #5364 |
| biomarkers brain | #5401 |
| gastroenterology | #5403 |
| experimental model | #5414 |
| superoxide production | #5416 |
| publication animals | #5417 |
| presynaptic | #5426 |
| induced acute | #5434 |
| regional brain | #5435 |
| gastrointestinal diseases | #5444 |
| intracellular levels | #5450 |
| postsynaptic | #5452 |
| concentrations | #5459 |
| food deprivation | #5463 |
| focal | #5466 |
| blotting western | #5466 |
| thioredoxins | #5505 |
| halflife | #5506 |
| aquaporins | #5515 |
| involving | #5517 |
| cns | #5517 |
| effects exposure | #5523 |
| nash | #5525 |
| controls | #5541 |
| catecholamines | #5549 |
| isolated rat | #5552 |
| affinity | #5553 |
| tca | #5564 |
| glucose metabolism | #5569 |
| lack | #5572 |
| higher density | #5575 |
| sleep disturbances | #5580 |
| hyperbilirubinemia | #5586 |
| glucose transport | #5607 |
| n11 | #5608 |
| summarizes | #5611 |
| platelets | #5615 |
| endotoxemia | #5639 |
| major complications | #5645 |
| free radicals | #5647 |
| postnatal development | #5651 |
| magnetic resonance images | #5652 |
| cachexia | #5666 |
| acute ischemic | #5672 |
| drinkers | #5693 |
| antimetabolites | #5699 |
| tnf | #5709 |
| 73 patients | #5711 |
| transport systems | #5712 |
| receptor binding | #5730 |
| 24 hours | #5741 |
| icp | #5768 |
| precipitate | #5790 |
| evidence base | #5790 |
| nonalcoholic steatohepatitis | #5796 |
| dehydrogenases | #5796 |
| p005 | #5800 |
| brain animals | #5810 |
| depolarization | #5812 |
| aspartate receptor | #5824 |
| serotonin | #5840 |
| substances | #5848 |
| prefrontal cortex | #5859 |
| extravasation | #5862 |
| steroidal | #5865 |
| neuroprotective | #5883 |
| levels elevated | #5885 |
| ketone | #5892 |
| western blot analysis | #5897 |
| appropriately | #5900 |
| mounting evidence | #5926 |
| enkephalin | #5928 |
| potentiate | #5945 |
| detoxification | #5949 |
| acrylamide | #5950 |
| disaccharides | #5950 |
| acid antagonists | #5952 |
| background objectives | #5954 |
| 100 microm | #5954 |
| bulb | #5976 |
| metabolites | #5993 |
| muscle mass | #5993 |
| coenzyme | #5994 |
| etiologies | #5997 |
| anterior cingulate cortex | #6016 |
| antagonist | #6019 |
| butyric | #6023 |
| reversible | #6029 |
| aged rats | #6030 |
| sodium potassium | #6068 |
| additional evidence | #6080 |
| transporter 1 | #6103 |
| methyl4 | #6109 |
| zona | #6114 |
| chemistry | #6120 |
| occurs | #6122 |
| barrier | #6138 |
| trh | #6148 |
| cirrhosis patients | #6152 |
| postmortem | #6152 |
| cortical regions | #6162 |
| hippocampus | #6166 |
| hydroperoxide | #6169 |
| deoxyglucose | #6171 |
| risk bias | #6188 |
| inbred | #6199 |
| esters | #6202 |
| proteins rats | #6221 |
| reduction oxidative | #6231 |
| nervous cns | #6235 |
| disruptions | #6250 |
| vascular endothelium | #6265 |
| anti inflammatory | #6284 |
| mitochondrial function | #6287 |
| hematoxylin | #6290 |
| lactate dehydrogenase | #6298 |
| chain | #6315 |
| carboxylase | #6322 |
| alpha2 | #6323 |
| protein expression | #6343 |
| induced increases | #6360 |
| 20 cases | #6371 |
| rna messenger | #6388 |
| dha | #6392 |
| cbf | #6404 |
| gamma | #6412 |
| remained | #6413 |
| chelating agents | #6422 |
| olfactory | #6441 |
| prosencephalon | #6456 |
| snap | #6464 |
| rats animals | #6469 |
| roi | #6470 |
| antagonists | #6475 |
| peripheral nerve | #6478 |
| histidine | #6482 |
| acyltransferases | #6490 |
| patients chronic | #6498 |
| mesencephalon | #6508 |
| notion | #6511 |
| disease brain | #6514 |
| bromocriptine | #6531 |
| ingestion | #6548 |
| ligation | #6552 |
| dopaminergic | #6553 |
| humans kinetics | #6566 |
| control mice | #6572 |
| longterm treatment | #6575 |
| nomenclature | #6576 |
| disease aged | #6579 |
| physiological function | #6586 |
| humans mitochondria | #6594 |
| microg | #6596 |
| oxidase | #6596 |
| led | #6597 |
| accumulation | #6599 |
| fluid csf | #6600 |
| mmol | #6609 |
| animal dose | #6610 |
| glycolytic | #6625 |
| publication analysis | #6642 |
| inducible nitric | #6643 |
| resonance spectroscopy | #6660 |
| glu | #6665 |
| lowers | #6665 |
| animals bile | #6671 |
| slowing | #6682 |
| p001 | #6684 |
| patients placebo | #6688 |
| proceedings | #6700 |
| interferongamma | #6742 |
| differential effects | #6755 |
| poisoning | #6767 |
| granule | #6768 |
| dystonia | #6769 |
| psychometric | #6774 |
| lad | #6783 |
| rats wistar receptors | #6791 |
| biological transport | #6801 |
| transport proteins | #6806 |
| specific regions | #6806 |
| cortices | #6825 |
| nitrates | #6833 |
| inflammatory processes | #6849 |
| n5 | #6849 |
| protects | #6857 |
| receptors dopamine | #6859 |
| tomography emission | #6887 |
| acetaldehyde | #6894 |
| enter | #6908 |
| patients brain | #6909 |
| sleep disorders | #6915 |
| mitochondrial membrane | #6916 |
| nutritional | #6921 |
| hypothalamus | #6930 |
| humans intracranial | #6937 |
| nutrition | #6972 |
| rendered | #6975 |
| cerebral blood flow | #6981 |
| low affinity | #6986 |
| acid levels | #7005 |
| eosin | #7011 |
| vitamins | #7012 |
| ascites | #7020 |
| adenosine triphosphate | #7030 |
| patients alzheimer | #7040 |
| compensatory | #7089 |
| free radical | #7092 |
| rois | #7098 |
| common form | #7109 |
| general agreement | #7117 |
| expression | #7125 |
| prothrombin | #7133 |
| mice treated | #7139 |
| synthases | #7140 |
| 13c nmr | #7146 |
| methyl | #7151 |
| hippocampus male | #7165 |
| methyl ester | #7177 |
| tartrate | #7178 |
| levels blood | #7198 |
| central nervous cns | #7202 |
| protective agents | #7214 |
| catecholamine | #7216 |
| undertaken | #7226 |
| probiotics | #7244 |
| humans inflammation | #7253 |
| systemic inflammation | #7280 |
| antiinflammatory agents | #7284 |
| neurodegeneration | #7290 |
| male sprague | #7307 |
| bile duct | #7311 |
| additional studies | #7322 |
| animal doseresponse relationship | #7334 |
| nh4 | #7336 |
| glucose transporter | #7337 |
| cyclooxygenase 2 | #7344 |
| life hrqol | #7350 |
| administration | #7353 |
| preliminary evidence | #7358 |
| symptomatic | #7371 |
| neuroprotection | #7374 |
| histamine release | #7378 |
| regional | #7382 |
| urea | #7386 |
| hippocampal | #7389 |
| insult | #7392 |
| pyridines | #7404 |
| intravenous infusion | #7420 |
| competitive | #7424 |
| animal | #7433 |
| excitability | #7442 |
| molecular mechanisms | #7448 |
| restored | #7464 |
| spectrophotometric | #7474 |
| osmotic | #7475 |
| biochemical studies | #7481 |
| ht | #7485 |
| excreted | #7507 |
| urease | #7536 |
| organ specificity | #7540 |
| lipid peroxidation | #7550 |
| dismutase | #7553 |
| pathological conditions | #7553 |
| brain ischemia | #7557 |
| implicating | #7564 |
| onset | #7570 |
| cytoprotection | #7580 |
| neuropathic pain | #7583 |
| imaging magnetic | #7585 |
| chromatography mass | #7603 |
| microglia | #7605 |
| matrix metalloproteinase | #7621 |
| mental status | #7630 |
| blood platelets | #7640 |
| characterized | #7659 |
| neuroprotective effects | #7659 |
| deleterious | #7665 |
| neurologic examination | #7672 |
| cortical neurons | #7687 |
| diminished | #7696 |
| specific binding | #7700 |
| guanidines | #7737 |
| perturbations | #7769 |
| alpha tnf | #7777 |
| oxide | #7779 |
| immunoreactivity | #7801 |
| oedema | #7810 |
| il6 levels | #7833 |
| tissue proteins | #7854 |
| tnf α | #7864 |
| animals blotting | #7882 |
| albumins | #7888 |
| m3 | #7897 |
| ca1 | #7899 |
| brain development | #7915 |
| parietal cortex | #7915 |
| freely | #7932 |
| cells brain | #7932 |
| lname | #7950 |
| aspartate aminotransferases | #7961 |
| assayed | #7986 |
| metabolic | #7989 |
| aetiology | #8016 |
| mouse brain | #8023 |
| alzheimer | #8025 |
| liver transplantation | #8033 |
| ka | #8038 |
| computerized | #8040 |
| constitutes | #8040 |
| organometallic compounds | #8052 |
| established | #8056 |
| brain humans | #8073 |
| cerebrovascular circulation | #8079 |
| chelation | #8081 |
| inferior | #8097 |
| reproduces | #8103 |
| modulate | #8143 |
| confirm | #8153 |
| produces | #8156 |
| large variety | #8164 |
| intraperitoneally | #8167 |
| immunohistochemistry male | #8184 |
| maintained | #8185 |
| benzazepines | #8192 |
| organs | #8193 |
| fluorescence intensity | #8201 |
| reduced | #8207 |
| neurologic | #8214 |
| dopamine receptor | #8253 |
| abnormally | #8260 |
| norepinephrine | #8288 |
| inflammatory agents | #8301 |
| neuronal damage | #8302 |
| antioxidant | #8310 |
| condition | #8326 |
| dependent | #8332 |
| therapeutic implications | #8336 |
| epileptic | #8359 |
| chromatography pressure | #8383 |
| turn | #8404 |
| gray matter | #8407 |
| reflect | #8410 |
| and or | #8413 |
| wistar receptors | #8433 |
| receptor expression | #8442 |
| chain reaction | #8446 |
| hyponatremia | #8454 |
| plasma levels | #8470 |
| hyperglycemia | #8472 |
| citalopram | #8472 |
| stereotaxic | #8495 |
| systemic inflammatory | #8499 |
| polymerase chain | #8501 |
| purkinje | #8517 |
| immunocytochemical | #8519 |
| brain imaging | #8538 |
| chloride | #8546 |
| copper | #8549 |
| intracellular ca2 | #8583 |
| restoration | #8595 |
| hepatotoxicity | #8598 |
| ischemia | #8616 |
| activates | #8631 |
| hippocampus humans | #8641 |
| oxide nitric | #8664 |
| levodopa | #8665 |
| n10 | #8672 |
| inflammatory cytokines | #8690 |
| male middle aged | #8715 |
| organometallic | #8716 |
| pyramidal cells | #8724 |
| retardation | #8736 |
| gsh | #8742 |
| oxidative | #8742 |
| 37°c | #8758 |
| emission computed | #8767 |
| parietal | #8790 |
| potassium chloride | #8814 |
| hplc | #8824 |
| nmr | #8871 |
| superoxide | #8875 |
| tonic | #8879 |
| sulfates | #8892 |
| devoid | #8898 |
| egf receptor | #8905 |
| lactic acid | #8906 |
| minimal | #8910 |
| caveolin | #8912 |
| oxo | #8932 |
| biochemical | #8935 |
| consciousness | #8985 |
| reflected | #9011 |
| intravenous injection | #9019 |
| alanine transaminase | #9038 |
| encephalitis | #9077 |
| emission tomography | #9083 |
| methylmercury | #9099 |
| aminotransferases | #9108 |
| acetate | #9111 |
| syndromes | #9112 |
| brain cognition | #9130 |
| aimed | #9163 |
| awake | #9175 |
| 62 patients | #9176 |
| likewise | #9181 |
| treated mice | #9194 |
| normal | #9207 |
| dysfunction | #9218 |
| corpus striatum | #9247 |
| key factors | #9254 |
| elevated | #9263 |
| deprived | #9285 |
| neuropathy | #9344 |
| cerebrospinal fluid csf | #9364 |
| cerebral blood | #9391 |
| pressure liquid | #9396 |
| deoxy | #9420 |
| immunoblotting | #9445 |
| complications patients | #9489 |
| citric acid | #9505 |
| intrahepatic | #9572 |
| oxidative stress | #9585 |
| irreversible | #9607 |
| naloxone | #9609 |
| absence | #9615 |
| synthase inos | #9615 |
| occipital | #9621 |
| neurons | #9627 |
| seizures | #9631 |
| terminals | #9647 |
| nerve tissue | #9655 |
| postoperative day | #9682 |
| compensate | #9687 |
| micromol | #9692 |
| imaging studies | #9718 |
| ameliorated | #9722 |
| bw | #9727 |
| protective effects | #9749 |
| 2 mm | #9756 |
| 064 | #9783 |
| neuro | #9788 |
| tumor necrosis | #9791 |
| middle cerebral | #9809 |
| chelating | #9823 |
| dependently | #9825 |
| patch clamp | #9830 |
| succinate | #9834 |
| diseases liver | #9842 |
| prevented | #9863 |
| severely | #9864 |
| contributes | #9880 |
| receptor agonist | #9912 |
| microm | #9930 |
| necrosis factor | #9933 |
| quantitative | #9943 |
| tight junctions | #9963 |
| liver cells | #9987 |
| neurobiological | #10000 |
| binding cassette | #10002 |
| central nervous | #10003 |
| conflicting | #10023 |
| kinetic parameters | #10033 |
| cycle | #10052 |
| mediated | #10072 |
| cortical | #10128 |
| cava | #10136 |
| dopamine receptors | #10169 |
| liver damage | #10178 |
| negative impact | #10202 |
| minerals | #10211 |
| stores | #10215 |
| ros production | #10235 |
| attenuated | #10240 |
| expression activity | #10242 |
| cgmp | #10262 |
| glutathione gsh | #10266 |
| transport complex | #10286 |
| plasma concentrations | #10292 |
| plasma patients | #10296 |
| urinary excretion | #10301 |
| adversely | #10328 |
| vitamin deficiency | #10328 |
| forebrain | #10337 |
| cassette | #10370 |
| permeable | #10373 |
| specific activity | #10384 |
| steatohepatitis | #10395 |
| electroencephalogram | #10395 |
| areas | #10419 |
| subacute | #10435 |
| biliary | #10436 |
| protein levels | #10453 |
| hrqol | #10455 |
| liver transplant | #10455 |
| nigra | #10479 |
| cerebral artery | #10481 |
| positron emission tomography | #10525 |
| biosynthesis | #10531 |
| substantia | #10550 |
| nervous | #10616 |
| transmitter | #10626 |
| twofold | #10627 |
| management patients | #10657 |
| lipopolysaccharide | #10674 |
| alzheimers disease | #10694 |
| dose dependent | #10699 |
| normal range | #10730 |
| protein level | #10752 |
| nutritional status | #10752 |
| quaternary | #10765 |
| glutathione | #10772 |
| glucose | #10806 |
| water content | #10826 |
| monophosphate | #10827 |
| liver mice | #10852 |
| vena | #10853 |
| nervous diseases | #10861 |
| microgram | #10880 |
| performance liquid | #10883 |
| entity | #10889 |
| eventually | #10941 |
| intraventricular | #10958 |
| saline | #10968 |
| occur | #10968 |
| dietary proteins | #10978 |
| breakdown | #10983 |
| earlier studies | #10997 |
| etiology | #10998 |
| doses | #11003 |
| accumbens | #11004 |
| impair | #11006 |
| rats inbred strains | #11023 |
| behavior animal | #11026 |
| radioimmunoassay | #11026 |
| atrophy | #11041 |
| tnfalpha | #11044 |
| atp binding | #11055 |
| tests male | #11061 |
| western | #11061 |
| peroxidation | #11077 |
| riboflavin | #11140 |
| positron emission | #11153 |
| potentiated | #11172 |
| preparations | #11184 |
| precursor | #11188 |
| adult male | #11195 |
| broad spectrum | #11196 |
| superoxides | #11202 |
| nick | #11227 |
| steroids | #11232 |
| animals anti | #11234 |
| acyl | #11314 |
| enzyme activity | #11342 |
| drug induced | #11347 |
| early identification | #11376 |
| neuropathic | #11380 |
| necrotic | #11392 |
| neurodegenerative disease | #11395 |
| centrally | #11415 |
| depletion | #11434 |
| major component | #11447 |
| clinical signs | #11463 |
| 3 weeks | #11495 |
| receptor antagonist | #11502 |
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Prominent publications by Roger F Butterworth∗
Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients
[ PUBLICATION ]
Modulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) by nitric oxide (NO) is altered in brain from experimental animals with hyperammonemia with or without liver failure. The aim of this work was to assess the content and modulation of sGC in brain in chronic liver failure in humans. Expression of the alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta-1 subunits of sGC was measured by immunoblotting in autopsied frontal cortex and cerebellum from cirrhotic patients and controls. The contents of alpha-1 and alpha-2 ...
| Conocido por Guanylate Cyclase | Cirrhotic Patients | Modulation Sgc | Nitric Oxide Brain | Cerebellum Activation |
Hypothermia attenuates oxidative/nitrosative stress, encephalopathy and brain edema in acute (ischemic) liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been suggested that oxidative/nitrosative stress is involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of oxidative/nitrosative stress in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting from hepatic devascularization. We also studied the effect of hypothermia, a ...
| Conocido por Brain Edema | Alf Rats | Nitrosative Stress | Liver Failure | Coma Stages |
KOL-Index: 13463
Acute liver failure (ALF) results in alterations of energy metabolites and of glucose-derived amino acid neurotransmitters in brain. However, the dynamics of changes in glucose metabolism remain unclear. The present study was undertaken using (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to determine the rates of incorporation of glucose into amino acids and lactate via cell-specific pathways in relation to the severity of encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF ...
| Conocido por Brain Lactate | Acute Liver | Magnetic Resonance | Coma Stages | Amino Acids |
Effects of hypothermia on brain glucose metabolism in acute liver failure: a 1H/13C-nuclear magnetic resonance study
[ PUBLICATION ]
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mild hypothermia has a protective effect on brain edema and encephalopathy in both experimental and human acute liver failure. The goals of the present study were to examine the effects of mild hypothermia (35 degrees C) on brain metabolic pathways using combined (1)H and (13)C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a technique which allows the study not only of metabolite concentrations but also their de novo synthesis via cell-specific pathways in the ...
| Conocido por Acute Liver | Mild Hypothermia | Brain Glucose Metabolism | Magnetic Resonance | Frontal Cortex |
Neuroactive amino acids and glutamate (NMDA) receptors in frontal cortex of rats with experimental acute liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
It has been proposed that alterations of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. To evaluate this possibility, in vivo cerebral microdialysis was used to sample extracellular concentrations of amino acids in the frontal cortex of unanesthetized rats at various times during the progression of encephalopathy resulting from acute liver failure. Liver failure was induced by portacaval anastomosis followed 24 ...
| Conocido por Amino Acids | Frontal Cortex | Acute Liver Failure | Extracellular Concentrations | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 12801
Mild hypothermia is effective in the prevention of brain edema associated with cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Brain edema is also a serious complication of acute liver failure (ALF). To assess the effectiveness of hypothermia in ALF, groups of rats were subjected to hepatic devascularization (portacaval anastomosis, followed 48 hours later by hepatic artery ligation), and body temperatures were maintained at either 35 degrees C (hypothermic) or 37 degrees C (normothermic). ...
| Conocido por Mild Hypothermia | Brain Edema | Acute Liver | Rats Alf | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
Ammonia‐induced brain edema and intracranial hypertension in rats after portacaval anastomosis
[ PUBLICATION ]
Brain edema, leading to intracranial hypertension and brain herniation, is a major cause of death in fulminant liver failure. Astrocyte swelling is a prominent neuropathological feature in experimental fulminant liver failure. It has been postulated that the osmotic effects of glutamine, generated in astrocytes from ammonia and glutamate in a reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase, could mediate brain swelling. Normal rats and rats that received a portacaval anastomosis were infused ...
| Conocido por Intracranial Hypertension | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Ammonium Acetate | Osmotic Effects |
Effect of Portacaval Anastomosis on Glutamine Synthetase Protein and Gene Expression in Brain, Liver and Skeletal Muscle
[ PUBLICATION ]
The effects of chronic liver insufficiency resulting from end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCA) on glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, protein and gene expression were studied in brain, liver and skeletal muscle of male adult rats. Four weeks following PCA, activities of GS in cerebral cortex and cerebellum were reduced by 32% and 37% (p<0.05) respectively whereas GS activities in muscle were increased by 52% (p<0.05). GS activities in liver were decreased by up to 90% (p<0.01), a ...
| Conocido por Skeletal Muscle | Portacaval Anastomosis | Gene Expression | Surgical Rna | Pca Rats |
Cerebral inflammation contributes to encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: protective effect of minocycline
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been recently proposed that microglia-derived proinflammatory cytokines are involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of microglial activation and the protective effect of the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting ...
| Conocido por Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Rats Alf | Microglial Activation | Pathogenesis Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 11822
There is evidence to suggest that, in acute liver failure (ALF), brain ammonia and proinflammatory cytokines may act synergistically to cause brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation). However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain to be established. In order to address this issue, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of genes coding for astrocytic proteins with an established role in cell volume regulation in cerebral ...
| Conocido por Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Proinflammatory Cytokines | Astrocytic Proteins | Cultured Astrocytes |
KOL-Index: 11726
Although earlier studies on thiamine deficiency have reported increases in extracellular glutamate concentration in the thalamus, a vulnerable region of the brain in this disorder, the mechanism by which this occurs has remained unresolved. Treatment with pyrithiamine, a central thiamine antagonist, resulted in a 71 and 55% decrease in protein levels of the astrocyte glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST, respectively, by immunoblotting in the medial thalamus of day 14 symptomatic rats ...
| Conocido por Medial Thalamus | Glutamate Transporter | Glt1 Glast | Spraguedawley Statistics | Protein Levels |
KOL-Index: 11620
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an effective antidote to treat acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF). NAC is hepatoprotective and prevents the neurological complications of ALF, namely hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema. The protective effect of NAC and its mechanisms of action in ALF due to other toxins, however, are still controversial. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NAC in relation to liver pathology, hepatic and cerebral glutathione, plasma ...
| Conocido por Liver Failure | Nac Alf | Induced Acute | Aom Mice | Brain Edema |
Ammonia and related amino acids in the pathogenesis of brain edema in acute ischemic liver failure in rats
[ PUBLICATION ]
The pathogenesis of brain edema in acute liver failure is poorly understood. We have previously shown that rats with ischemic acute liver failure (portacaval anastomosis followed by hepatic artery ligation) exhibit brain edema and intracranial hypertension, with swelling of cortical astrocytes as the most prominent neuropathological abnormality. Because ammonia has been shown to induce swelling of astrocytes in vivo and in vitro, we examined the relationship between brain ammonia, amino ...
| Conocido por Amino Acids | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Liver Failure | Glutamine Alanine |
Ammonia induces MK‐801‐sensitive nitration and phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues in rat astrocytes
[ PUBLICATION ]
Astrocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of ammonia-induced neurotoxicity and hepatic encephalopathy. As shown here, ammonia induces protein tyrosine nitration in cultured rat astrocytes, which is sensitive to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801. A similar pattern of nitrated proteins is produced by NMDA. Ammonia-induced tyrosine nitration depends on a rise in [Ca2+]i, IkB degradation, and NO synthase (iNOS) induction, which are prevented by MK-801 and the ...
| Conocido por Rat Astrocytes | Glutamine Synthetase | Protein Tyrosine | Ammonia Induces | Oxide Nitric |
Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: Role of glutamine redefined
[ PUBLICATION ]
Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized neuropathologically by cytotoxic brain edema and biochemically by increased brain ammonia and its detoxification product, glutamine. The osmotic actions of increased glutamine synthesis in astrocytes are considered to be causally related to brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation) in ALF. However studies using multinuclear (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy demonstrate that neither brain glutamine ...
| Conocido por Brain Edema | Acute Liver Failure | Hepatic Encephalopathy | Intracranial Hypertension | Glutamine Synthesis |
Gente clave para Hepatic Encephalopathy
Los KOLs mas influyentes del mundo
Seleccione una frase de búsqueda hepatic encephalopathy , hepatic encephalopathy patients , hepatic encephalopathy humans , hepatic encephalopathy 95 , hepatic encephalopathy rats
Roger F Butterworth∗:Impacto experto
Conceptos para los cualesRoger F Butterworth∗tiene influencia directa:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Cirrhotic patients, Brain edema, Portacaval anastomosis, Mild hypothermia.
Roger F Butterworth∗:Impacto de Kol
Conceptos relacionados con el trabajo de otros autores para los cualesfor which Roger F Butterworth∗ tiene influencia:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Liver cirrhosis, Oxidative stress, Brain edema, Cirrhotic patients.
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