KOL | Roger F Butterworth∗Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada | ... |
kolの履歴書 Roger F Butterworth∗
| Year | |
|---|---|
| 2021 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada |
| 2020 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada |
| 2019 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, B0C 1H0, Englishtown, NS, Canada University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, QC |
| 2018 | CHUM St-Luc Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada. University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, Québec, Canada |
| 2015 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2014 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hopital St-Luc (CHUM) and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2W 3J4, Canada |
| 2013 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital St-Luc (CHUM), 1058 Rue St-Denis, H2X 3J4, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2012 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2011 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2010 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), University of Montreal, 1058 St. Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2009 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint‐Luc, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2008 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2007 | Neuroscience Research Unit, CHUM (Campus Saint-Luc), University of Montreal, 1058, Saint-Denis Street, H2X 3J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2006 | Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Montreal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc, 1058 St-Denis Street, Montreal, Que., Canada H2X 3J4 |
| 2005 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2004 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
Roger F Butterworth∗：統計に影響を与えます
レポートを実行します
| Concept | World rank |
|---|---|
| tnfα delayed progression | #1 |
| pglycoprotein mild hypothermia | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf mice | #1 |
| ptbr ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| alf include | #1 |
| precipitation severe stages | #1 |
| rats direct evidence | #1 |
| symptomatic stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| downregulation glutamate transporter | #1 |
| exp assessment | #1 |
| deficiency prior | #1 |
| astrocyte morphology alterations | #1 |
| caudate putamen sum | #1 |
| mild hypothermia onset | #1 |
| sites ptbr | #1 |
| mg2dependentatpase | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient animals | #1 |
| fig dansyl | #1 |
| ligand3hpirenzepine | #1 |
| “ peripheral | #1 |
| brain edema increases | #1 |
| experimental alf increases | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| rats insulin hypoglycaemia | #1 |
| thalamus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| psychometric testing risk | #1 |
| combined metabolic stresses | #1 |
| receptor cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex friedreichs | #1 |
| cerebral levels glutamine | #1 |
| cirrhosis nature | #1 |
| medium kcl | #1 |
| pca loss | #1 |
| cns wernickekorsakoff | #1 |
| ldopa octopamine | #1 |
| expression ptbr | #1 |
| animal model encephalopathy | #1 |
| peripheral steroidal sources | #1 |
| cerebral cortex pca | #1 |
| selective reversible decreases | #1 |
| cox2 ca1 subfield | #1 |
| hyperammonemia accounts | #1 |
| liver dysfunction findings | #1 |
| fumazenil | #1 |
| etanercept biological plausibility | #1 |
| congenital acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| alterations 3h8ohdpat | #1 |
| cirrhosis ammonia hepatic | #1 |
| testis densities | #1 |
| increased levels allopregnanolone | #1 |
| inherited ataxias characteristics | #1 |
| pbgd rat model | #1 |
| rate thiamine turnover | #1 |
| inhibition bloodbrain transfer | #1 |
| loss 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| death wernicke | #1 |
| inhibitors acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings patients | #1 |
| pathogenesis neuronal loss | #1 |
| increased brain concentrations | #1 |
| 071−084 | #1 |
| daily pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| coma stages | #1 |
| neurological complications alf | #1 |
| brain glutamine severity | #1 |
| direct hepatoprotective effects | #1 |
| regionselective reductions | #1 |
| brain glutamine | #1 |
| postshunt myelopathy | #1 |
| pathogenesis pse | #1 |
| predictive model investigator | #1 |
| ptbr nnos | #1 |
| manganese distribution brain | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans opioid | #1 |
| oatreated rats alf | #1 |
| nac neurological complications | #1 |
| astrocyte undergoes | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| neurosteroid modulatory | #1 |
| increased gabaergic | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia cerebral cortex | #1 |
| kgdh activities | #1 |
| kgdh decreased | #1 |
| pca rats pca | #1 |
| pdhc activities | #1 |
| gabaaassociated receptors | #1 |
| treatment mild encephalopathy | #1 |
| alzheimertype astrocytosis | #1 |
| autopsied brain samples | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency humans | #1 |
| components brain glutamate | #1 |
| encephalopathy cau | #1 |
| decreased expression glt1 | #1 |
| brain ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| dha administration mnsod | #1 |
| mild hypothermia reduction | #1 |
| αkgdh | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy implications | #1 |
| activation brain ptbr | #1 |
| synthesis intercellular transport | #1 |
| portacavalshunted rats protective | #1 |
| alf alterations | #1 |
| aom nac | #1 |
| brain major | #1 |
| rendered ataxic | #1 |
| ammonia brain | #1 |
| major role mechanisms | #1 |
| betaactin housekeeping gene | #1 |
| encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| glut1 alf | #1 |
| cirrhotic brain tissue | #1 |
| l3hnoarg | #1 |
| serum lad friedreich | #1 |
| portocaval shunting activities | #1 |
| portacaval | #1 |
| manifest altered expression | #1 |
| pyrithiaminetreated rats | #1 |
| acute symptomatic animals | #1 |
| fluid taurine | #1 |
| rats ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| restricted transfer glutamine | #1 |
| severity akinesia | #1 |
| stages igg immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| parkinsonism cirrhosis | #1 |
| neuroprotection onset | #1 |
| brain portacaval | #1 |
| cox2 tle | #1 |
| muscarinic m1 sites | #1 |
| mechanisms brain edema | #1 |
| central thiamine antagonist | #1 |
| ammoniainduced decrease | #1 |
| failure amino | #1 |
| r071–084 | #1 |
| human hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke | #1 |
| csf concentrations bzrls | #1 |
| encephalopathy thiamine | #1 |
| isomorphic model predictions | #1 |
| pathophysiology hepatic | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine | #1 |
| pca encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| brain ptbr | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| akgdh | #1 |
| deficiency transketolase | #1 |
| brain glutamate synthesis | #1 |
| haloperidol humans haloperiodol | #1 |
| thalamus thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| region‐selective | #1 |
| progressive volume increase | #1 |
| offspring animal pyruvate | #1 |
| thiamine phosphatases | #1 |
| encephalopathy increased | #1 |
| edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| nac aom | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain | #1 |
| edema glutamine | #1 |
| hypokinesia stereotaxic microinjection | #1 |
| encephalopathy hypothermia | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy authors | #1 |
| patient olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #1 |
| ammonium acetate challenge | #1 |
| protective findings | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient mothers | #1 |
| alf studies | #1 |
| oxygenase1 hepatic | #1 |
| sodium benzoate atp | #1 |
| receptors pca | #1 |
| sgc activation brain | #1 |
| nac normalization | #1 |
| alf mice deletion | #1 |
| otc deficiency activities | #1 |
| novo synthesis gaba | #1 |
| oxotremorine particle size | #1 |
| microglia neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| alf37 alf37 degrees | #1 |
| ammonia pca | #1 |
| loss 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| ammonia glutamate uptake | #1 |
| glutamate originating | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation patients | #1 |
| loss tdpase activities | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency neurons | #1 |
| opioid encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| autopsy cirrhotic | #1 |
| brain human experimental | #1 |
| pca portacaval | #1 |
| encephalopathy sham | #1 |
| interferongamma brains | #1 |
| weeks portacaval | #1 |
| precoma coma stages | #1 |
| maximal binding absence | #1 |
| encephalopathy cerebral edema | #1 |
| csf ammonia control | #1 |
| caveolin1 pathway | #1 |
| encephalopathy expression | #1 |
| 3hpk cultured astrocytes | #1 |
| specific energy metabolism | #1 |
| measured homogenates | #1 |
| receptors thiamine | #1 |
| precise role glutamine | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration aspartate | #1 |
| deficiency densities | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient | #1 |
| alf nmda receptor | #1 |
| maob encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic | #1 |
| brain edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| mitochondrial enzyme αkgdh | #1 |
| decreased detoxification | #1 |
| alf mild hypothermia | #1 |
| complications alf | #1 |
| pyrithiamine quinuclidinyl | #1 |
| proinflammatory cytokines strategies | #1 |
| shunted dogs | #1 |
| manganese etiology | #1 |
| surgical rats rats | #1 |
| manganese pathogenesis | #1 |
| deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| muscle ammonia removal | #1 |
| pca portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| alterations brain glutamate | #1 |
| hypothermia brain | #1 |
| lcarnitine doses | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics cirrhosis | #1 |
| increased binding sites | #1 |
| humans gabaa steroids | #1 |
| brain altered expression | #1 |
| alf proinflammatory | #1 |
| pfco cau | #1 |
| activities maob | #1 |
| ammonialowering agents | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy lcarnitine | #1 |
| hypothermia delay | #1 |
| lactate brain regions | #1 |
| key astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| edema acute | #1 |
| ammonia increased expression | #1 |
| anastomosis pca | #1 |
| widespread alterations | #1 |
| pfco frontal cortex | #1 |
| hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| rats antisense elements | #1 |
| increased densities | #1 |
| neuronal crosstalk | #1 |
| ptbr sites | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic rats | #1 |
| enos gene deletion | #1 |
| ucds liver failure | #1 |
| pons thiamine treatment | #1 |
| alf aom | #1 |
| spf mice | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiency | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia dehydrogenase | #1 |
| ammonia increased production | #1 |
| increased brain | #1 |
| atp free coenzyme | #1 |
| comatose rats | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| peripheral inflammation etanercept | #1 |
| symptomatic pyrithiamine | #1 |
| varying degrees pss | #1 |
| progression prevention | #1 |
| alzheimer type astrocytosis | #1 |
| occludin medial thalamus | #1 |
| prophylaxis reductions | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| deficiency tritium | #1 |
| reflex selective decreases | #1 |
| neuronastrocytic trafficking | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| brain liver failure | #1 |
| encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| alf messenger | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 sites | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen rats | #1 |
| cell swelling major | #1 |
| benzoate spf | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics | #1 |
| seasonal ataxia | #1 |
| ptbr expression | #1 |
| nh4 neurons | #1 |
| material equal | #1 |
| glt1 transporter proteins | #1 |
| aom mice nac | #1 |
| etanercept aom | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| isoquinolinebinding moiety | #1 |
| thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation glutamine | #1 |
| thiamine interactions | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation | #1 |
| alf restricted transfer | #1 |
| reduction mild hypothermia | #1 |
| therapy refractive tle | #1 |
| portacaval shunted | #1 |
| cerebrospinal fluid ammonia | #1 |
| edema formation mnsod | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency bckdh | #1 |
| encephalopathy alanine | #1 |
| thiamine daily administration | #1 |
| neuromodulatory site | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse | #1 |
| 57 caudate putamen | #1 |
| rats thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| prevention brain edema | #1 |
| aqp4 proinflammatory mediators | #1 |
| failure ammonia | #1 |
| brain portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| in3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| wellestablished actions | #1 |
| monoamines hplc | #1 |
| regional lactate levels | #1 |
| nacl mm nacl | #1 |
| monoaminergic synaptic function | #1 |
| glt1 encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| cytokines mild | #1 |
| cerebral γ‐aminobutyric acid | #1 |
| diencephalic cerebellar | #1 |
| etanercept treatment reduction | #1 |
| hyperammonemia aaas | #1 |
| brain levels dheas | #1 |
| liver pathology increases | #1 |
| 2 mm ammonia | #1 |
| alf37 degrees | #1 |
| nuclei fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| nakatpase activity thalamus | #1 |
| leigh disease forms | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency alcoholics | #1 |
| encephalopathy il1beta | #1 |
| early astrocytic response | #1 |
| hereferences | #1 |
| aspartate pons | #1 |
| amines hepatic | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry cox2 immunoreactivity | #1 |
| prevention ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| magna catheter | #1 |
| veratramines action parachlorophenylalanine | #1 |
| friedreich gilbert | #1 |
| finding loss | #1 |
| regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| 3h 11195 | #1 |
| flumazenil cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| preference pca | #1 |
| azoxymethane bloodbrain barrier | #1 |
| mild hypothermia delay | #1 |
| pathogenesis hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| neurological syndrome nature | #1 |
| symptoms wernicke | #1 |
| locomotor activities difference | #1 |
| liver spf mice | #1 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase lad | #1 |
| additional bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| tissue distribution neuropathology | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain edema | #1 |
| precoma | #1 |
| decreased pdhc | #1 |
| hippocampal sclerosis induction | #1 |
| increased expression ptbribp | #1 |
| region selective alterations | #1 |
| daily injections ldeprenyl | #1 |
| cau cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| effective approach prevention | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy aids | #1 |
| glutaminecycle | #1 |
| manganese deposition | #1 |
| cell damage mechanisms | #1 |
| transverese friedreich ataxia | #1 |
| 15–1788 | #1 |
| alf neuroinflammation | #1 |
| control alf37 | #1 |
| region selective | #1 |
| blood ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| glucose loading precipitates | #1 |
| neurosteroids hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain | #1 |
| fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine | #1 |
| igg extravasation reduction | #1 |
| died hepatic | #1 |
| alterations expression result | #1 |
| alf hepatic | #1 |
| s‐3h5‐fluorowillardiine | #1 |
| astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| isoquinoline benzodiazepine ligands | #1 |
| rats varying degrees | #1 |
| genetic xlinked deficiency | #1 |
| pyrithiamine rats | #1 |
| measurement aqp4 levels | #1 |
| coding key | #1 |
| pathogenesis reversible symptoms | #1 |
| 6hydroxydopamine anterolateral hypothalamus | #1 |
| antiparkinson drugs hypokinesia | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients benzodiazepines | #1 |
| alf amino | #1 |
| effects ammonia | #1 |
| ptbr mrna | #1 |
| previous exposure benzodiazepines | #1 |
| hepatocerebral disorders | #1 |
| blood manganese etiology | #1 |
| lcarnitinetreated | #1 |
| brain ammonia measurement | #1 |
| catecholaminelike trace amines | #1 |
| pharmacological manipulation ptbr | #1 |
| cyclase content | #1 |
| disorder isomorphic model | #1 |
| induction epileptic patients | #1 |
| selective ptbr ligand | #1 |
| ldeprenyl thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| viral hepatitis alf | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| cns relation | #1 |
| alf animal hypothermia | #1 |
| deficiency binding | #1 |
| loss righting reflexes | #1 |
| glast medial thalamus | #1 |
| caudate putamen concentrations | #1 |
| cerebral cortex hypokinesia | #1 |
| liver diseases range | #1 |
| encephalopathy adult | #1 |
| brain distribution rats | #1 |
| etanercept decreased plasma | #1 |
| ligase hepatic | #1 |
| subclass sites | #1 |
| onset hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| encephalopathy alcoholic | #1 |
| experimental model metabolic | #1 |
| human brain ammonia | #1 |
| pse increased densities | #1 |
| wistar receptors pca | #1 |
| mhe clinical practice | #1 |
| pca astrocytic | #1 |
| spontaneous release glutamate | #1 |
| ptbrs binding | #1 |
| fco cau | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| 3hmuscimol binding studies | #1 |
| previous portacaval anastomoses | #1 |
| encephalopathy prevention | #1 |
| pca increased densities | #1 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzymes | #1 |
| free neurological | #1 |
| αkgdh onset | #1 |
| ammonia liver failure | #1 |
| pse neurotransmitter agents | #1 |
| oatreated rats | #1 |
| prevention brain | #1 |
| exposure azoxymethane | #1 |
| onset brain edema | #1 |
| nonsclerotic tle patients | #1 |
| degree shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf | #1 |
| excess bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| maob cerebellum | #1 |
| mm nacl nacl | #1 |
| prevention ohe | #1 |
| pse csf lactate | #1 |
| result toxins | #1 |
| ptbrs | #1 |
| grc integrity | #1 |
| capacity ammonia removal | #1 |
| alf37 | #1 |
| appearance neurological symptoms | #1 |
| abstract5fluoromethylornithine | #1 |
| manganese extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| selective loss | #1 |
| ouabain doses | #1 |
| experimental portal | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia lcarnitine | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans pallidus | #1 |
| cerebral hepatic levels | #1 |
| osmotic actions | #1 |
| alcoholic manganese | #1 |
| selective damage pdhc | #1 |
| pugh score iii | #1 |
| mechanisms wemickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| minocyclinetreated alf rats | #1 |
| modulation nitric oxide | #1 |
| congenitally hyperammonemic | #1 |
| taurine electrolyte balance | #1 |
| term fluorescence phenomenon | #1 |
| frontal cortex fco | #1 |
| polyclonal antibody glt1 | #1 |
| mrnas ampa receptor | #1 |
| cirrhosis psychometric testing | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| glutamate exposure ammonia | #1 |
| encephalopathy male | #1 |
| role endogenous benzodiazepines | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine rats | #1 |
| brain pse | #1 |
| 24 hours pca | #1 |
| cultured cells mrna | #1 |
| neurotransmitter alterations prevention | #1 |
| bbb animal hepatic | #1 |
| alf therapeutic | #1 |
| pca rats | #1 |
| 32°c–35°c | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepines | #1 |
| glucose loading decreases | #1 |
| gabaa neurosteroids | #1 |
| exclusion brain diseases | #1 |
| deterioration neurological status | #1 |
| radioenzymatic assays activities | #1 |
| congenital ornithine | #1 |
| regionselective alterations | #1 |
| pss rats | #1 |
| tissue cirrhotic | #1 |
| unchanged brain | #1 |
| relation sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| increased activities maoa | #1 |
| increased activities tdpase | #1 |
| malnutrition hepatic failure | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| kidney portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| development nutritional recommendations | #1 |
| coa levels brain | #1 |
| deficiency wernicke | #1 |
| gabaa ammonia animals | #1 |
| serotonin precursor metabolite | #1 |
| hyperglycemic focal | #1 |
| glial filament network | #1 |
| 3acetyl pyridine rats | #1 |
| aom animal hypothermia | #1 |
| hypothesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| aom mice | #1 |
| devascularized rat | #1 |
| neuroinflammation cns complications | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency 23 | #1 |
| bioaccumulation neuropathology | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod | #1 |
| cerebral disorder | #1 |
| spine neurochemical | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia nakatpase | #1 |
| densities ptbr sites | #1 |
| stroke forms | #1 |
| tdpase activities | #1 |
| expression hyperglycemic | #1 |
| alterations increased expression | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments messenger | #1 |
| brain pca rats | #1 |
| perivascular endothelial cells | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptors | #1 |
| liver failure alterations | #1 |
| metabolism ammonia | #1 |
| seesection | #1 |
| atp free coa | #1 |
| dehydrogenase αkgdh | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| affinity ptbr | #1 |
| free coa atp | #1 |
| reversal neurological symptoms | #1 |
| normal cd1 | #1 |
| severe liver atrophy | #1 |
| ammonia acute | #1 |
| pyrithiamine pyruvate | #1 |
| presence brain extracts | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis brain | #1 |
| hepatic coma bbb | #1 |
| brain dysfunction pse | #1 |
| mhe life | #1 |
| surgical rna | #1 |
| brain congenital | #1 |
| acute neurons mechanisms | #1 |
| cerebral energy deficit | #1 |
| maternal thiamine | #1 |
| 213caspartate | #1 |
| mutant spf | #1 |
| failure brain | #1 |
| acute male muscle | #1 |
| alcohol‐thiamine interactions | #1 |
| glut1 expression alf | #1 |
| novo lactate synthesis | #1 |
| pca operation | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| severity brain edema | #1 |
| flunitrazepam modulation | #1 |
| astrocyticneuronal cross | #1 |
| 70 tk | #1 |
| borne ammonia | #1 |
| hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia thiaminedeficient | #1 |
| acute chronic hyperammonemia | #1 |
| increased gabaergic tone | #1 |
| hypermmonemia | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| hyperammonemic disorders | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency expression | #1 |
| protein coma stages | #1 |
| 44433a | #1 |
| lola nash | #1 |
| brain hepatic | #1 |
| tdwt mice | #1 |
| autopsied brain tissue | #1 |
| manganese phosphate mmt | #1 |
| rats portacaval | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl p005 | #1 |
| nacl calcium | #1 |
| efficacy lola | #1 |
| liver failure modulation | #1 |
| ptbribp | #1 |
| genes astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| reduced thiamine intake | #1 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy expression | #1 |
| relation deterioration | #1 |
| dawley thiamine | #1 |
| coma edema stages | #1 |
| brain osmolytes | #1 |
| pca penicillamine | #1 |
| pregnanolone brain chemistry | #1 |
| pregnenolone brain tissue | #1 |
| ω3 receptor | #1 |
| encephalopathy nitrogen | #1 |
| hepatic glt1 | #1 |
| rats alf | #1 |
| disorder thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| model human disorder | #1 |
| aom treatment alf | #1 |
| spf mice activities | #1 |
| glutamateper | #1 |
| cau lobe hepatic | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine | #1 |
| akinesia rats | #1 |
| raphe serotonin serotonin | #1 |
| nonvulnerable frontal cortex | #1 |
| ammonia central | #1 |
| ptbr densities | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral | #1 |
| pca increased | #1 |
| autopsied frontal cortex | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient ataxic gait | #1 |
| induced stereotyped behavior | #1 |
| animal pyridinium | #1 |
| cuznsod cox2 | #1 |
| ohe cirrhosis | #1 |
| activities alpha kgdh | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments betaactin | #1 |
| increased brain ammonia | #1 |
| pbg pbgd | #1 |
| dipeptides hepatic | #1 |
| encephalopathy neuropsychiatric | #1 |
| ammoniainduced reduction | #1 |
| progression encephalopathy | #1 |
| response alf | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase activities | #1 |
| expression glyt1 transporter | #1 |
| severe pse | #1 |
| indwelling cisterna | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| subjects transport defect | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient rats | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients cau | #1 |
| assessment locomotor activities | #1 |
| pbz binding site | #1 |
| decreased detoxification ammonia | #1 |
| portacaval‐shunted rat | #1 |
| relation energy metabolism | #1 |
| copper pallidum | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiencies | #1 |
| ammoniainduced inhibition | #1 |
| cerebellum sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| mild hypothermia prevention | #1 |
| portacavalshunted pcs rats | #1 |
| neuroinflammation alf | #1 |
| omega 3 receptor | #1 |
| atp acetyl coa | #1 |
| animal hepatectomy hepatitis | #1 |
| induction astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| mental state grade | #1 |
| serotonin transporter deficit | #1 |
| surgical probenecid | #1 |
| l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| hyperammonemic pathologies | #1 |
| findings reported increase | #1 |
| elucidation neurotransmitter | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral neuropathy | #1 |
| reduction circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| veratramines action | #1 |
| increased brain content | #1 |
| brain edema rats | #1 |
| relationship blood manganese | #1 |
| jadad cochrane ohe | #1 |
| thalamus vulnerable region | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency result | #1 |
| distribution l3hnoarg | #1 |
| normalisation enzyme activities | #1 |
| encephalopathy zidovudine | #1 |
| predilection neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| iotal6 | #1 |
| pathophysiology cirrhosis | #1 |
| increases glutamine | #1 |
| etanercepttreated alf mice | #1 |
| hereditary familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| l‐deprenyl treatment | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| ammonium acetate administration | #1 |
| thdoc brain tissue | #1 |
| mmt manganese phosphate | #1 |
| coma stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| removal bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| continues rely | #1 |
| encephalopathy animals | #1 |
| disorder portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| h1 receptor density | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis tips | #1 |
| progression thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| ammonia metabolism disorders | #1 |
| pfco brain tissue | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms | #1 |
| csf portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| pca brainstem | #1 |
| chat loss | #1 |
| 2 7fold increases | #1 |
| freechoice drinking paradigm | #1 |
| pglycoprotein willebrand factor | #1 |
| stress encephalopathy | #1 |
| neurological symptoms normalisation | #1 |
| 7 thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| alcoholrelated brain dysfunction | #1 |
| disorders ammonia metabolism | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency activities | #1 |
| alanine cerebral cortex | #1 |
| csf benzodiazepine | #1 |
| reflex pdhc activities | #1 |
| dansyl chloride microassay | #1 |
| pathogenesis clinic | #1 |
| cerebellar amino acids | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine transporter | #1 |
| tdpase tdpase activities | #1 |
| update hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| etanercept il6 levels | #1 |
| neurotransmitter function | #1 |
| csf lactate accumulation | #1 |
| bzrls cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| alpha1 isoform ec50 | #1 |
| decarboxylase hepatic | #1 |
| homogenates cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| pss degree | #1 |
| thalamus wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| findings therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| edema cytokines | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy prevention | #1 |
| vicious cycle sarcopenia | #1 |
| alterations receptor sites | #1 |
| rats acute | #1 |
| encephalopathy histamine humans | #1 |
| noradrenaline transporter sites | #1 |
| spf mutant | #1 |
| hyperammonaemia brain function | #1 |
| pse surgical probenecid | #1 |
| hypothermia ammonia | #1 |
| normal limits findings | #1 |
| alcoholthiamine interactions | #1 |
| osmotic disturbance | #1 |
| hepatic abnormality characteristics | #1 |
| failure hepatic | #1 |
| 3h8ohdpat frontal cortex | #1 |
| genes brain edema | #1 |
| result manganese deposition | #1 |
| pca portacaval shunt | #1 |
| primary astrocytopathy | #1 |
| coma pathophysiologic basis | #1 |
| microsomes medium | #1 |
| pca activities | #1 |
| astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| liver spleen ratios | #1 |
| ptbr mrna levels | #1 |
| neurological disorders selection | #1 |
| superoxide dismutase rat | #1 |
| ptbr | #1 |
| hepatic coma patients | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathies | #1 |
| liver failure neuroinflammation | #1 |
| increased activity katpase | #1 |
| pse lornithinelaspartate | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate ammonia | #1 |
| fco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| frontal cortex exp | #1 |
| cloned rat ptbr | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse model | #1 |
| severe encephalopathy coma | #1 |
| microglial activation protective | #1 |
| nimesulide thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| transketolase tk activities | #1 |
| brain thiamine metabolism | #1 |
| taurine hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| mbr decreased expression | #1 |
| caudate putamen 57 | #1 |
| cns complications alf | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites rats | #1 |
| 3hpk binding | #1 |
| hippocampus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| lumbar gray matter | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient brain | #1 |
| reversal antiparkinson drugs | #1 |
| pse portalsystemic shunting | #1 |
| loss gfap expression | #1 |
| brains increased concentrations | #1 |
| cirrhosis vicious cycle | #1 |
| pca ethanol | #1 |
| increased glutamine synthesis | #1 |
| cerebral aminoacids | #1 |
| bilirubin ataxics | #1 |
| animal liver failure | #1 |
| binding sites cerebellum | #1 |
| alterations brain dopamine | #1 |
| lola prevention | #1 |
| abnormal pyruvate oxidation | #1 |
| ligand3hpk11195 | #1 |
| treatment lola | #1 |
| pathogenesis cerebral complications | #1 |
| brain prominent neurotoxin | #1 |
| azoxymethane brain | #1 |
| metabolites term fluorescence | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mice | #1 |
| neuroinflammationinflammation | #1 |
| alf glucose | #1 |
| nmda receptor alf | #1 |
| acute male pregnenolone | #1 |
| loss transporter sites | #1 |
| lad platelets | #1 |
| regional variation bckdh | #1 |
| absence wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| prevents brain | #1 |
| cerebellum 22 | #1 |
| rats coma | #1 |
| pca beta endorphin | #1 |
| pss dopamine hepatic | #1 |
| shunted rat | #1 |
| compounds pyrithiamine | #1 |
| albumin dialysis systems | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 human brain | #1 |
| increased csf lactate | #1 |
| familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| nacl taurine | #1 |
| gaba 11 | #1 |
| hepatic devascularized rats | #1 |
| brains alf rats | #1 |
| selective increases | #1 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder evidence | #1 |
| pse altered expression | #1 |
| lipopolysaccharide precipitates | #1 |
| alf animals expression | #1 |
| reduction brain ammonia | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 rats | #1 |
| regionselective increases | #1 |
| key astrocytic | #1 |
| muscarinic thiamine | #1 |
| ptbr ligand | #1 |
| atrophy brain glutamate | #1 |
| phenols fig 1structure | #1 |
| cell increased synthesis | #1 |
| neurological symptoms encephalopathy | #1 |
| vivo cerebral microdialysis | #1 |
| overt encephalopathy alterations | #1 |
| portacaval pcs rats | #1 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome disturbances | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| dose dependent swelling | #1 |
| serum lad patients | #1 |
| normal conditions kidney | #1 |
| clinicallydefined entities | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamates hippocampus | #1 |
| increase brain extracts | #1 |
| specific l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| hypothermia prevents | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod mrna | #1 |
| evidence thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| alterations neurological alterations | #1 |
| fur spf | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptor | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf | #1 |
| pse findings | #1 |
| age time interval | #1 |
| 202 55 nm | #1 |
| reduction bbb breakdown | #1 |
| region‐selective alterations | #1 |
| markedly impaired | #1 |
| increased blood manganese | #1 |
| content pallidum | #1 |
| brain levels tmp | #1 |
| encephalopathy vivo | #1 |
| platelet taurine uptake | #1 |
| 1 lola | #1 |
| deficiency selective | #1 |
| portacavalshunting | #1 |
| ω3 receptor 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| focal lactic acidosis | #1 |
| ammonia proinflammatory | #1 |
| integrity gabaa receptors | #1 |
| liver failure ucds | #1 |
| 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| clf alf | #1 |
| autopsy brain choline | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia rats | #1 |
| cns pca | #1 |
| encephalopathy | #1 |
| lactate medial thalamus | #1 |
| exposure proinflammatory | #1 |
| loss nmda | #1 |
| dissected brain tissue | #1 |
| ptbr increased expression | #1 |
| reduced astrocytic uptake | #1 |
| older cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| nnos expression result | #1 |
| experimental pse | #1 |
| iii flumazenil | #1 |
| vulnerable medial thalamus | #1 |
| pca rat | #1 |
| inflammation thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| receptor ptbr | #1 |
| liver pca rats | #1 |
| gut ammonia | #1 |
| metabolic scavengers | #1 |
| liver failure upregulation | #1 |
| protective portacavalshunted rats | #1 |
| altered thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory response alf | #1 |
| failure thiamine | #1 |
| enzyme activities loss | #1 |
| direct evidence rats | #1 |
| ammonia intoxication rats | #1 |
| ngnitrol3harginine | #1 |
| 90 fmol protein | #1 |
| rat wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| brain ammonia reduction | #1 |
| liver failure muscle | #1 |
| hyperammonemic sparse | #1 |
| pallidal binding sites | #1 |
| encephalopathy selective loss | #1 |
| ptbr mrna thalamus | #1 |
| alf hypothermia | #1 |
| local brain production | #1 |
| pfco fco | #1 |
| sites thiamine | #1 |
| selectively increased | #1 |
| plasma clearance halflife | #1 |
| key astroglial proteins | #1 |
| neuroinhibitory steroid | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| precise nature | #1 |
| spraguedawley statistics immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| pdhc step | #1 |
| humans wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| alf rats precoma | #1 |
| 15–1788 plasma levels | #1 |
| pcs rats protective | #1 |
| transketolase enzyme activities | #1 |
| 3hkainate sites | #1 |
| action ro15 | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation addition | #1 |
| stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| astrocytic integrity | #1 |
| fasting intravenous injection | #1 |
| ohe mhe patients | #1 |
| 8 cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| restricted transfer cell | #1 |
| csf concentrations ammonia | #1 |
| l‐3hnitroarginine | #1 |
| ammonia exposure brain | #1 |
| liver pca | #1 |
| 062 009 liter | #1 |
| cirrhosis extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| agents metabolic potential | #1 |
| hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| ammonia increased | #1 |
| routine neurological evaluation | #1 |
| benzodiazepine site contrast | #1 |
| maternal thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| medial thalamus day | #1 |
| ethanol nutritional deficit | #1 |
| experimental thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| doses lcarnitine | #1 |
| ro15 10 microm | #1 |
| brain astrocytes alterations | #1 |
| pbgd mrna expression | #1 |
| selectively decreased | #1 |
| ptbribp frontal cortex | #1 |
| concentrations serotonin precursor | #1 |
| ammonia cns function | #1 |
| primary energy failure | #1 |
| experimental thiamine | #1 |
| pathogenetic defect | #1 |
| neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy | #1 |
| ammonia central nervous | #1 |
| 10 microm flumazenil | #1 |
| nh4oac administration | #1 |
| brain consequent increases | #1 |
| wks spraguedawley receptors | #1 |
| pbz receptor densities | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| hypokinesia et495 | #1 |
| antagonist pyrithiamine | #1 |
| edema complications | #1 |
| nacetylcysteine cerebral complications | #1 |
| ptbr expression pathogenesis | #1 |
| effective urea cycle | #1 |
| glutamine astrocyte | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate lola | #1 |
| loss thiamine | #1 |
| perivenous hepatocytes brain | #1 |
| ptbr complex | #1 |
| pathogenesis portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| bzrls | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemia activation | #1 |
| encephalopathy binding | #1 |
| enzyme perivenous hepatocytes | #1 |
| brain regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| 001 cerebral | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate prevention | #1 |
| ammonialowering strategies | #1 |
| ammonia toxins | #1 |
| experimental wernicke | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| pfco | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| expression astrocytic | #1 |
| increased synthesis cell | #1 |
| male pyrithiamine | #1 |
| dawley ammonia | #1 |
| alf rats | #1 |
| binding sites 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| mild hypothermia alf | #1 |
| rats metallic | #1 |
| plasma alf rats | #1 |
| alf35 | #1 |
| muscle portacaval shunting | #1 |
| modulatory sites | #1 |
| brain gaba uptake | #1 |
| normothermic alf rats | #1 |
| taurine microsomes | #1 |
| inhibitory ammonium ions | #1 |
| normal conditions gut | #1 |
| nonvulnerable fpc | #1 |
| investigator neurological disorders | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium 7 | #1 |
| matkowskyj | #1 |
| alf brain edema | #1 |
| disease outcome prevention | #1 |
| molecular standpoint | #1 |
| brain cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| lola effective | #1 |
| flunitrazepam hepatic | #1 |
| experimental portacaval shunt | #1 |
| brain edema complications | #1 |
| ampa sites | #1 |
| ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #1 |
| ligand3h | #1 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #1 |
| 3865 258 nm | #1 |
| ammonia mechanisms | #1 |
| congenital otc | #1 |
| taurine medium | #1 |
| pons gaba content | #1 |
| accumulate brain | #1 |
| action acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain edema | #1 |
| nh4ac rats | #1 |
| αkgdh activities | #1 |
| anastomosis ammonia | #1 |
| pyrithiamine | #1 |
| cox2 il1beta mrna | #1 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| spf mouse | #1 |
| neuroinflammation liver failure | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency decreases | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia onset | #1 |
| degree pss | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf rats | #1 |
| activities thiamine | #1 |
| novo synthesis aspartate | #1 |
| central thiamine | #1 |
| prior detoxification liver | #1 |
| brain pregnant rats | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 ligands | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency appearance | #1 |
| effective approach onset | #1 |
| lola mental state | #1 |
| rats probenecid treatment | #1 |
| distribution 3htryptamine | #1 |
| alf increases | #1 |
| glast spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| pca rats phosphate | #1 |
| azoxymethane toxicity | #1 |
| p005 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| glast protein day | #1 |
| type astrocytosis | #1 |
| bbb permeability alf | #1 |
| liver failure increases | #1 |
| inhibitory nh4cl | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase capacity | #1 |
| caudate nucleus cau | #1 |
| surgical portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| alf azoxymethane | #1 |
| pfco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| surgical probenecid rats | #1 |
| edema energy | #1 |
| activities thalamus | #1 |
| brain ammonia removal | #1 |
| mice encephalopathy | #1 |
| reduction cognitive dysfunction | #1 |
| chronic thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| diabetes ataxia humans | #1 |
| astrocytes ammonia levels | #1 |
| “peripheraltype | #1 |
| mbr astrocytes | #1 |
| 11 thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| reversible symptoms | #1 |
| ptbr alterations | #1 |
| liver normal cd1 | #1 |
| evidence otc deficiency | #1 |
| rat sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| encephalopathy central | #1 |
| modulators hepatic | #1 |
| ammonia normal conditions | #1 |
| maoa activities cerebellum | #1 |
| brains pcs rats | #1 |
| rats hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| alf rats expression | #1 |
| blood ammonia improvement | #1 |
| neurobiology hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| glyt1 mrna | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activation | #1 |
| shunted rats presence | #1 |
| therapy ornithine transcarbamylase | #1 |
| lola treatment | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemic | #1 |
| 100 microm manganese | #1 |
| igg extravasation expression | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| selective alterations | #1 |
| wernicke′s encephalopathy | #1 |
| thalamus pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase protein | #1 |
| reactive gliosis contrast | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemia syndromes | #1 |
| glur3 subunits opca | #1 |
| methylspiperone pet | #1 |
| psychometric testing falls | #1 |
| ammonia major roles | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl p0001 | #1 |
| l‐3harginine | #1 |
| encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamate release | #1 |
| expression ptbrs | #1 |
| alf evidence | #1 |
| nh4 forms neurons | #1 |
| animals thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| lcarnitine energy metabolites | #1 |
| acids aaas | #1 |
| failure alanine | #1 |
| improvements hepatic microcirculation | #1 |
| stress alf | #1 |
| findings manganese | #1 |
| pca rats patients | #1 |
| tissues spf mice | #1 |
| thiamine monophosphatetmp | #1 |
| activation ptbr | #1 |
| rats pca | #1 |
| taurines role | #1 |
| ptbrs portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex transketolase | #1 |
| tmpase tdpase | #1 |
| brain herniation alf | #1 |
| lola efficacy | #1 |
| brains spf mice | #1 |
| etanercept hepatic | #1 |
| ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| tk activity onset | #1 |
| portacaval shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients densities | #1 |
| focal lactic | #1 |
| rats surgical probenecid | #1 |
| dismutase hyperglycemic | #1 |
| tdpase encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy neurobiology | #1 |
| ammonia mrna | #1 |
| portacaval shunting activities | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mouse | #1 |
| ethanol preference ratio | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency brains | #1 |
| alterations pse | #1 |
| findings neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| nakatpase activities striatum | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy relationship | #1 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes establishment | #1 |
| xlinked inherited defect | #1 |
| ammonia removal brain | #1 |
| activities neuronal | #1 |
| concentrations olfactory bulb | #1 |
| sgc activation lymphocytes | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency synthesis | #1 |
| decreased tdp concentrations | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| initial reports pathogenesis | #1 |
| establishment adult activities | #1 |
| blood ammonia md | #1 |
| betaep brain | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy integrity | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepine | #1 |
| dopamine thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| glutamine resonance | #1 |
| nac animal hepatic | #1 |
| dying hepatic | #1 |
| circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| concomitantly increased | #1 |
| dawley amino | #1 |
| that11cpk11195 | #1 |
| neuronal thalamus | #1 |
| alf precise role | #1 |
| ohe prevention prophylaxis | #1 |
| histamine receptor sites | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration | #1 |
| sustained hyperammonemia pca | #1 |
| lola reductions | #1 |
| surgical rna messenger | #1 |
| pse complication | #1 |
| protective pathogenesis | #1 |
| pse probenecid | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding | #1 |
| vulnerable medial | #1 |
| pca cns | #1 |
| poor nutrition vitamin | #1 |
| pallidal signal hyperintensity | #1 |
| circulating ammonia | #1 |
| histamine caudate putamen | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| disproportionately levels | #1 |
| spectrum neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #1 |
| administration novo synthesis | #1 |
| additional thiamine | #1 |
| endogenous opioid brain | #1 |
| brain ammonia pca | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings | #1 |
| ptbr brain | #1 |
| increased extracellular brain | #1 |
| sgc cerebral cortex | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency implications | #1 |
| cirrhosis brain dysfunction | #1 |
| opca messenger receptors | #1 |
| acute male microglia | #1 |
| findings ammonia | #1 |
| ldopa trace amines | #1 |
| investigator predictions | #1 |
| 15–1788 kinetics | #1 |
| alf effects | #1 |
| bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| tdpase activities loss | #1 |
| alf relation | #1 |
| rats fpc | #1 |
| daily injections thiamine | #1 |
| csf lactate pse | #1 |
| encephalopathy new | #1 |
| microglia evidence | #1 |
| capacity cerebral cortex | #1 |
| onset neurological symptoms | #1 |
| heneuropathology | #1 |
| isomorphic model | #2 |
| pyrithiamine treated | #2 |
| concentrations dheas | #2 |
| nash addition | #2 |
| csf ammonia | #2 |
| cns consequences | #2 |
| 150 dose increase | #2 |
| brain glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| pallidum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency wks | #2 |
| methyhistamine | #2 |
| inbred strains glutamine | #2 |
| improvement mental state | #2 |
| densities binding | #2 |
| neuropsychiatric complication | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation loss | #2 |
| 3alpha5alphathp 3alpha5betathp | #2 |
| extracellular brain | #2 |
| kinetics taurine | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients modulation | #2 |
| encephalopathy acute | #2 |
| hyperammonemic brain | #2 |
| 3000 microg m3 | #2 |
| liver failure gfap | #2 |
| encephalopathy histamine | #2 |
| central neuroinflammatory | #2 |
| experimental alf | #2 |
| thiamine turnover | #2 |
| ammonia gabaergic neurotransmission | #2 |
| allopregnanolone fold | #2 |
| reduced brain dheas | #2 |
| taurine platelets | #2 |
| encephalopathy aids | #2 |
| cerebral complications alf | #2 |
| body fatigue rats | #2 |
| hydrolases aged | #2 |
| 67 coma stages | #2 |
| precoma stages increase | #2 |
| degree gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| controls 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| iggimmunoreactivity | #2 |
| 3beta5alphathp | #2 |
| 3hpk11195 brain regions | #2 |
| hyperammonaemia hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheter | #2 |
| alf drug | #2 |
| increased manganese | #2 |
| failure altered | #2 |
| lornithinelaspartate | #2 |
| enzyme deficits | #2 |
| novo synthesis lactate | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzyme | #2 |
| animals hepatic | #2 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone fold | #2 |
| decreased gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| thiamine bloodbrain barrier | #2 |
| dheas hepatic | #2 |
| hyperammonemia increased | #2 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes | #2 |
| ammonia animal hepatic | #2 |
| nmda receptor pca | #2 |
| precoma coma | #2 |
| alanine frontal cortex | #2 |
| modulation brain | #2 |
| brain portacaval shunting | #2 |
| reduced concentrations dheas | #2 |
| ataxic animals | #2 |
| fold thdoc | #2 |
| mrna expression gfap | #2 |
| ammonia metabolism astrocytes | #2 |
| fold allopregnanolone | #2 |
| densities bmax | #2 |
| alpha kgdh | #2 |
| plasma proinflammatory cytokines | #2 |
| ammonia octanoic acid | #2 |
| coma stages p001 | #2 |
| sustained hyperammonemia | #2 |
| selective increase | #2 |
| failure alf | #2 |
| indomethacin locomotor deficit | #2 |
| glutamine hepatic | #2 |
| reflex stage | #2 |
| increase coma | #2 |
| pyrithiamine rats rats | #2 |
| deficient encephalopathy | #2 |
| l‐ornithine‐l‐aspartate | #2 |
| immunohistochemistry liver failure | #2 |
| brain samples alcoholics | #2 |
| 26 153 | #2 |
| pallidal manganese | #2 |
| ouabain upregulation | #2 |
| edematous cerebral cortex | #2 |
| mental state trials | #2 |
| ataxia animals | #2 |
| form ataxia | #2 |
| implicated pathogenesis | #2 |
| alf control | #2 |
| brain edema concentrations | #2 |
| thiaminedeficiency | #2 |
| brain lactate increase | #2 |
| thirtytwo cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| hypokinesia produced | #2 |
| increased activities | #2 |
| pathogenesis portal | #2 |
| loss eaat2 protein | #2 |
| cerebral edema loss | #2 |
| increased brain turnover | #2 |
| neurons glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| rat brain relation | #2 |
| brain dehydroepiandrosterone dhea | #2 |
| phosphate sulfate mixture | #2 |
| densities binding sites | #2 |
| gaba ammonia | #2 |
| mice congenital | #2 |
| diseases manganese | #2 |
| ammonia central role | #2 |
| pca brain regions | #2 |
| responsible neurological | #2 |
| encephalopathy major | #2 |
| increasing dheas currents | #2 |
| model wernicke | #2 |
| thiamine dependent | #2 |
| reduction dopamine turnover | #2 |
| reduced brain levels | #2 |
| pdh activity platelets | #2 |
| 2 flumazenil | #2 |
| ammonia detoxification glutamine | #2 |
| disorder loss | #2 |
| glt1 increased | #2 |
| cuznsod mrna cuznsod | #2 |
| portacaval anastomosis pca | #2 |
| activities maoa | #2 |
| pca rats allopregnanolone | #2 |
| progression ohe | #2 |
| encephalopathy onset | #2 |
| cerebellum output | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy controls | #2 |
| gammagba | #2 |
| gfap immunoreactivity degree | #2 |
| male portacaval shunt | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheters | #2 |
| pyrithiamine induced | #2 |
| sites increased | #2 |
| brain lactate synthesis | #2 |
| dheas reduced | #2 |
| swelling cortical astrocytes | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy | #2 |
| spf mutant mice | #2 |
| sgc brain | #2 |
| increased novo synthesis | #2 |
| vulnerable brain structures | #2 |
| symptomatic rats | #2 |
| impaired gaba function | #2 |
| wks decreased activities | #2 |
| symptoms thiamine | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy patients | #2 |
| 2 brain samples | #2 |
| congenital hyperammonemias | #2 |
| thiaminedeficient mice | #2 |
| vesicular dysfunction | #2 |
| ornithine aminotransferase administration | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation | #2 |
| pathogenesis friedreichs ataxia | #2 |
| liver cirrhosis activation | #2 |
| rats portacaval anastomosis | #2 |
| cortical astrocytes ammonia | #2 |
| binding 3hpk11195 | #2 |
| treatment cns complications | #2 |
| gammagba nalphaacetylarginine nalphaaa | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gabaa | #2 |
| neuroinhibitory steroids | #2 |
| serum lad | #2 |
| animal hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| mouse astrocytes effects | #2 |
| gabaa encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| electrified grid | #2 |
| increased levels pregnenolone | #2 |
| dheas bdl rats | #2 |
| computerized autotrack | #2 |
| encephalopathy portacaval | #2 |
| development ethanol preference | #2 |
| ligand 3hpk | #2 |
| kidney ammonia | #2 |
| autopsy delay intervals | #2 |
| brain levels neurosteroids | #2 |
| increase coma stages | #2 |
| decreased reuptake | #2 |
| dheas body fatigue | #2 |
| intracranial hypertension alf | #2 |
| encephalopathy glutamine concentrations | #2 |
| brains 36 patients | #2 |
| death thiamine | #2 |
| edema alf | #2 |
| liver spf | #2 |
| lactate coma stages | #2 |
| tyrosine tyr levels | #2 |
| liver failure studies | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients pathology | #2 |
| 5ht turnover brain | #2 |
| activities muscle | #2 |
| glutamate syndrome | #2 |
| rats thiamine | #2 |
| shunted | #2 |
| 4week portacaval | #2 |
| astrocytic benzodiazepine | #2 |
| sustained deficiency arginine | #2 |
| 3acetyl pyridine | #2 |
| hepatic cerebral | #2 |
| brain taurine concentrations | #2 |
| membranes tomography | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy complication | #2 |
| brain organic myoinositol | #2 |
| glutamine intracranial | #2 |
| encephalopathy wernicke | #2 |
| osmotic effects glutamine | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent | #2 |
| ammoniainduced alterations | #2 |
| lower levels arginine | #2 |
| isomorphic models | #2 |
| cholinergic neuronal loss | #2 |
| defect membrane transport | #2 |
| thp metabolites fatigue | #2 |
| shunted pcs | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency patients | #2 |
| nitric oxide brain | #2 |
| thdoc fold | #2 |
| pathophysiologic mechanisms | #2 |
| aqp4 cerebral cortex | #2 |
| activities choline acetyltransferase | #2 |
| edema hepatic | #2 |
| mri neurological evaluation | #2 |
| loss eaat2 expression | #2 |
| human brain contrast | #2 |
| bergmann glial pathology | #2 |
| alf mrna expression | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ohe | #2 |
| haloperiodol | #2 |
| modulation sgc | #2 |
| ammoniainduced neurotoxicity | #2 |
| thiamine phosphorylation | #2 |
| bckdh bckdh activity | #2 |
| neuropathic pain etanercept | #2 |
| neuronal loss alterations | #2 |
| rats cortex male | #2 |
| liver thiamine | #2 |
| hyperammonemia synaptosomes | #2 |
| tdp dependent enzymes | #2 |
| chronic thiamine | #2 |
| 970±079 | #2 |
| millimolar concentrations brain | #2 |
| disorder mystery | #2 |
| brain shunted rats | #2 |
| mice alf | #2 |
| cerebellum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| moderate grade iii | #2 |
| glutamate glur2 | #2 |
| concentrations ammonium chloride | #2 |
| early precoma stages | #2 |
| concentrations gammaguanidinobutyric acid | #2 |
| treatment asparagine | #2 |
| plasma levels 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| alcoholics absence | #2 |
| 3alpha5betathp patients | #2 |
| protein levels glast | #2 |
| deficiency include | #2 |
| wks enzyme activities | #2 |
| systemic encephalopathy | #2 |
| ohe encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| precoma stages p001 | #2 |
| induced liver failure | #2 |
| carboxamide binding | #2 |
| bath concentration ammonia | #2 |
| alpha1 sites | #2 |
| computed wernicke encephalopathy | #2 |
| neurons nmr | #2 |
| portacaval shunting | #2 |
| restricted transfer | #2 |
| gabaa receptor indomethacin | #2 |
| mice acetaminophen toxicity | #2 |
| aged muscimol | #2 |
| pcs rat brain | #3 |
| administration ammonium | #3 |
| thiamine deficient | #3 |
| kornetsky | #3 |
| increased uptake capacity | #3 |
| strains thiamine | #3 |
| cholinergic m1 | #3 |
| adequate substrates | #3 |
| acids cerebrospinal | #3 |
| male portacaval | #3 |
| late symptomatic stages | #3 |
| gfap mrna gfap | #3 |
| ammonia hepatic | #3 |
| acute ammonia exposure | #3 |
| odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| pallidal signals | #3 |
| effects ro15 | #3 |
| autotrack | #3 |
| pdhc acetyl coa | #3 |
| cerebral cortex pons | #3 |
| carnitine ammonia | #3 |
| globus pallidus putamen | #3 |
| akinesia βendorphin | #3 |
| thiamine deficiency wernicke | #3 |
| cholestasis‐associated fatigue | #3 |
| skeletal portacaval shunt | #3 |
| portacavalshunted rats | #3 |
| doubt25 | #3 |
| predictions disorder | #3 |
| liver–brain axis | #3 |
| 13 consecutive weeks | #3 |
| testis preparations | #3 |
| increases il1beta | #3 |
| akinesia corneal reflex | #3 |
| humans neurotransmitter | #3 |
| decreased concentrations αmt | #3 |
| synthesis aspartate | #3 |
| ganglia structures | #3 |
| cirrhosis agents | #3 |
| concentrations αmt | #3 |
| βendorphin apomorphine basal | #3 |
| 3hdaspartate uptake | #3 |
| ishen guidelines | #3 |
| rats glutamates hippocampus | #3 |
| intraneuronal release | #3 |
| glutamine brain edema | #3 |
| alf animals | #3 |
| mk‐801‐sensitive nitration | #3 |
| βendorphin decreased concentrations | #3 |
| effects ldeprenyl | #3 |
| animals profiles | #3 |
| central cholinergic deficit | #3 |
| neurobiological characterization | #3 |
| controls emax | #3 |
| portacaval anastomosis rats | #3 |
| deficiency acidosis | #3 |
| edema intracranial | #3 |
| brain concentrations rats | #3 |
| increased ptbr | #3 |
| altered glial | #3 |
| acids relation | #3 |
| αmt midbrain | #3 |
| medium 5 mm | #3 |
| thiamine phosphate | #3 |
| hypothermia brain edema | #3 |
| type ” | #3 |
| increase brain lactate | #3 |
| decreased aspartate | #3 |
| encephalopathy inflammation | #3 |
| vitro binding technique | #3 |
| tissue ornithine concentrations | #3 |
| major neurotransmitter systems | #3 |
| treatment portalsystemic encephalopathy | #3 |
| binding sites heart | #3 |
| models thiamine | #3 |
| coma stage | #3 |
| ammonia energy metabolism | #3 |
| hepatic encephalopathy humans | #3 |
| onset neurological signs | #3 |
| total brain glutamine | #3 |
| protein hepatic | #3 |
| electrically stimulated release | #3 |
| brain densities | #3 |
| pca odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| rats αmt | #3 |
| protective glutamine | #3 |
| ammonia swelling | #3 |
| astrocytic cell swelling | #3 |
| portocaval anastomosis pca | #3 |
| muscle glutamine synthetase | #3 |
| lobe hepatic | #3 |
| neurotransmission failure | #3 |
| hepatic devascularized rat | #3 |
| animals coma | #3 |
| mhe lola | #3 |
| signs mild personality | #3 |
| rats pyrithiamine | #3 |
| drug situ nickend | #3 |
| homogenates frontal cortex | #3 |
| brain portocaval anastomosis | #3 |
| abstract mild hypothermia | #3 |
| pallidus hepatic | #3 |
| ammoniainduced impairment | #3 |
| deficiency thiamine | #3 |
| coma equal | #3 |
| glutamates hippocampus rats | #3 |
| prevents cerebral | #3 |
| brain edema alf | #3 |
| cellspecific pathways | #3 |
| αketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #3 |
| peripheral‐type | #3 |
| ammonia glutamate | #3 |
| transporter snat5 | #3 |
| turnover study rats | #3 |
| operated controls | #3 |
| neuroglial proteins | #3 |
| nmda subclass | #3 |
| 5fmorn | #3 |
| rats pse | #3 |
| glutamate transporter cells | #3 |
| homologous models | #3 |
| mrna ammonia | #3 |
| hepatic neurological | #3 |
| amphetamine amphetamine animals | #3 |
| congenital hyperammonemia | #3 |
| selective down‐regulation | #3 |
| hepatobiliary route | #3 |
| 320350 degrees | #3 |
| ammoniatreated cells | #3 |
| decreased concentrations striatum | #3 |
| severity reviews see1–4 | #3 |
| 5fmorn treatment | #3 |
| doubt25 ammonia | #3 |
| cogent explanation | #3 |
| blood transketolase | #3 |
| αmt βendorphin | #3 |
| statistical significance regions | #3 |
| encephalopathy hepatic | #3 |
| brain improvement | #3 |
| repetitive removal | #3 |
| potent neuroactive properties | #3 |
| genial expression | #3 |
| tetrahydrodesoxycorticosterone | #3 |
| activities reduced | #3 |
| rats pathogenesis | #3 |
| lcarnitine atp | #3 |
| activities brains | #3 |
| transketolase activities | #3 |
| platelets 10 patients | #3 |
| ammonia‐induced brain edema | #3 |
| hyperammonemia acute | #3 |
| pdh friedreich | #3 |
| acrylamide pyrithiamine | #3 |
| corneal reflex apomorphine | #3 |
| precoma stages | #3 |
| ammonia brain edema | #3 |
| 38 alcoholic patients | #3 |
| cirrhosis iii | #3 |
| reflex serotonin βendorphin | #3 |
| glial cells ammonia | #3 |
| addition astrocyte morphology | #3 |
| singlesite model | #3 |
| bckdh activity rats | #3 |
| deletion delays | #3 |
| endogenous agonists role | #3 |
| βendorphin akinesia | #3 |
| midbrain turnover study | #3 |
| cerebellum activities | #3 |
| pbgd study | #3 |
| encephalopathy aged | #3 |
| cerebellar amino | #3 |
| regions cns | #3 |
| basal ganglia βendorphin | #3 |
| alcoholics wks | #3 |
| decreased densities | #3 |
| selective brain lesions | #3 |
| il6 levels brain | #3 |
| abstract hepatic encephalopathy | #3 |
| pathogenesis central | #3 |
| astrocyte glutamine | #3 |
| 5 mm nh4cl | #4 |
| mmars increased icp | #4 |
| cerebral amino acids | #4 |
| subclinical seizure activity | #4 |
| astrocytic genes | #4 |
| loss glt1 | #4 |
| glt1 transcript | #4 |
| amino acids regions | #4 |
| degree alzheimer type | #4 |
| arterial ammonia alf | #4 |
| carnitine energy | #4 |
| decreased activities | #4 |
| shunted rats | #4 |
| amino acids areas | #4 |
| 6 hrs alf | #4 |
| activities glutamine synthetase | #4 |
| acute liver failure | #4 |
| postmortem delay interval | #4 |
| pse increased | #4 |
| alf brain | #4 |
| protein expression brain | #4 |
| sham mmars | #4 |
| thiamine‐deficient rat brain | #4 |
| ornithine aspartate | #4 |
| cases alcohol abuse | #4 |
| neurotransmitter dysfunction | #4 |
| transketolase wernicke | #4 |
| liver central | #4 |
| hepatocytes ascorbate | #4 |
| elevated ammonia levels | #4 |
| inflammation mediators icp | #4 |
| alf | #4 |
| affinities densities | #4 |
| patients wernicke | #4 |
| liver brain | #4 |
| arterial ammonia mmars | #4 |
| cbf inflammatory mediators | #4 |
| mmars time | #4 |
| brain edema increase | #4 |
| inbred strains ammonia | #4 |
| synaptic membrane preparations | #4 |
| tspo sites | #4 |
| thiamine diphosphatase | #4 |
| lornithine laspartate | #4 |
| ouabain ec50 | #4 |
| brain hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| izuru matsumoto | #4 |
| rats asparagine | #4 |
| locomotor deficit | #4 |
| thiamine thiamine pyrophosphate | #4 |
| expression alf | #4 |
| alcoholism thiamine | #4 |
| maoa isoform | #4 |
| brain pregnenolone content | #4 |
| regional amino | #4 |
| severe neuronal dysfunction | #4 |
| ammonia levels blood | #4 |
| rats portacaval shunting | #4 |
| treatment hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| postsynaptic action | #4 |
| locomotor evaluation | #4 |
| tdinduced cell death | #4 |
| opioid pca | #4 |
| xlinked deficiency | #4 |
| newly synthesized glutamine | #4 |
| thp metabolites | #4 |
| increased icp alf | #4 |
| thiamine antagonist | #4 |
| condition development | #4 |
| edema gene | #4 |
| 13 moles | #4 |
| otcdeficient mice | #4 |
| surgical rna rats | #4 |
| encephalopathy coma | #4 |
| rats βendorphin | #4 |
| acute ammonia treatment | #4 |
| onset severe encephalopathy | #4 |
| total shunting | #4 |
| mhe mildest form | #4 |
| early microglial response | #4 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine | #4 |
| gaba friedreich | #4 |
| vitro techniques ketoglutarate | #4 |
| histaminergic histamine | #4 |
| shamoperated controls | #4 |
| brain energy failure | #4 |
| aged pyruvate | #4 |
| ouabainlike compounds | #4 |
| thiochrome derivatives | #4 |
| ions synaptic | #4 |
| icp arterial ammonia | #4 |
| mmars brain water | #4 |
| increased concentrations prostaglandins | #4 |
| time mmars | #4 |
| ischemic liver failure | #4 |
| increased brain glutamine | #4 |
| alf expression | #4 |
| deoxyglucose endothelium | #4 |
| alcohol thiamine deficiency | #4 |
| inos mnsod | #4 |
| albumin dialysis alf | #4 |
| animals liver failure | #4 |
| anastomosis rat | #4 |
| thiamine deficient animals | #4 |
| tdpase | #4 |
| brain thiamine | #4 |
| brain 5ht release | #4 |
| activities brain | #4 |
| activities prefrontal cortex | #4 |
| brain glutamic | #4 |
| taurine friedreichs ataxia | #4 |
| calcium microsomes | #4 |
| p001 hypothermia | #4 |
| brain neuroinflammation | #4 |
| effects mild hypothermia | #4 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #4 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms patients | #4 |
| normal coupling | #4 |
| benzodiazepines increase | #4 |
| administration central | #4 |
| rat brain pca | #4 |
| plasma clearance groups | #4 |
| cerebral cortex kidney | #4 |
| brain dopamine receptor | #4 |
| guanylate cyclase patients | #4 |
| astrocytic metabolic | #4 |
| thiamine deficiency rats | #4 |
| content modulation | #5 |
| alterations glutamatergic | #5 |
| publication animals rats | #5 |
| activities gad | #5 |
| spf mice controls | #5 |
| exposure cultured astrocytes | #5 |
| mild personality | #5 |
| amino acid regions | #5 |
| surgical receptors | #5 |
| tissue autopsy | #5 |
| liver disease rats | #5 |
| rats portacaval shunts | #5 |
| increases ammonia | #5 |
| anterolateral hypothalamus | #5 |
| complication acute | #5 |
| chronic exposure manganese | #5 |
| sustained deficiency | #5 |
| astrocytic | #5 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gaba | #5 |
| cns ammonia | #5 |
| allopregnanolone gabaa | #5 |
| brain ammonia | #5 |
| pet scan study | #5 |
| kstimulated ca2dependent release | #5 |
| mmars | #5 |
| onset coma | #5 |
| brain histamine receptors | #5 |
| activities choline | #5 |
| studied brain | #5 |
| ammonia metabolism | #5 |
| topic rifaximin | #5 |
| pregnenolone content | #5 |
| glutamine hypothesis | #5 |
| hand densities | #5 |
| brain glutamate concentrations | #5 |
| alf ammonia | #5 |
| result altered | #5 |
| activities cerebellum | #5 |
| cytokines ammonia | #5 |
| thiamine status | #5 |
| reduction glutamate | #5 |
| cerebral hepatic | #5 |
| hyperammonemia liver | #5 |
| thiaminedeficient diet | #5 |
| tk activities | #5 |
| manganese astrocytes | #5 |
| brain acute | #5 |
| sites peripheral | #5 |
| 45 cirrhotic patients | #5 |
| spectroscopy tomography emissioncomputed | #5 |
| convulsions onset | #5 |
| hexyl1h | #5 |
| intracranial hypertension rats | #5 |
| maoa activities | #5 |
| maoa function | #5 |
| transporter sites | #5 |
| acute magnetic | #5 |
| ammonia muscle | #5 |
| saturation binding isotherms | #5 |
| prevention prophylaxis | #5 |
| vulnerable regions | #5 |
| acetyl pyridine | #5 |
| pse encephalopathy humans | #5 |
| age matched subjects | #5 |
| currents concentrations | #5 |
| vulnerable brain | #5 |
| ammonia removal | #5 |
| acute rats rats | #5 |
| homologous model | #5 |
| genetics astrocytes blotting | #5 |
| latenight snack | #5 |
| neurological status | #5 |
| adequate experimental models | #5 |
| neurotransmitter pool | #5 |
| reserpinelike | #5 |
| treatment malnutrition | #5 |
| extracellular quin | #5 |
| gait animals | #5 |
| medial thalamus | #5 |
| responsible brain | #5 |
| kgdh | #5 |
| monoamines metabolites | #5 |
| aspartate lola | #5 |
| laspartate lola | #5 |
| glur2 glur3 subunits | #5 |
| tpp cofactor | #5 |
| glutamate symporters | #5 |
| congenital urea | #5 |
| wernicke | #5 |
| patients hepatic | #5 |
| branchedchain analysis | #5 |
| encephalopathy cerebral | #5 |
| liver assist devices | #5 |
| methioninesulfoximine | #5 |
| ammonia lowering | #5 |
| amino acids pathogenesis | #5 |
| alcoholic receptors | #5 |
| rats fatigue | #5 |
| kinetics pharmacology | #5 |
| allopregnanolone thdoc | #5 |
| fmorn | #6 |
| mars alf | #6 |
| enzymes brains | #6 |
| gabaergic tone | #6 |
| glast transporter | #6 |
| blood‐brain barrier integrity | #6 |
| humans hyperammonemia | #6 |
| brain cirrhotic | #6 |
| plasma frontal cortex | #6 |
| ammonia glutamine | #6 |
| basal ganglia structures | #6 |
| tmpase | #6 |
| inflammatory mediators groups | #6 |
| thiamine esters | #6 |
| thiamine phosphate esters | #6 |
| righting reflexes | #6 |
| encephalopathy humans | #6 |
| deterioration neurological | #6 |
| glt1 brain | #6 |
| relationship neurological symptoms | #6 |
| glt1 glast protein | #6 |
| enzymes pyruvate | #6 |
| cerebral cortex activities | #6 |
| dha administration | #6 |
| alf nac | #6 |
| hyperammonemic | #6 |
| receptors hepatic | #6 |
| pca sham | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding | #6 |
| perispinal etanercept | #6 |
| benzodiazepine intake | #6 |
| astrocyte cell volume | #6 |
| concomitant 24fold increase | #6 |
| capacity removal | #6 |
| cerebellum caudate nucleus | #6 |
| activities liver | #6 |
| mice nacetylcysteine | #6 |
| nencki | #6 |
| platelets 11 patients | #6 |
| expression astrocytic genes | #6 |
| dehydrogenase pdhc | #6 |
| output cerebellum | #6 |
| alphaketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #6 |
| disease ammonia | #6 |
| endstage liver failure | #6 |
| cerebral amino | #6 |
| dogs hepatic encephalopathy | #6 |
| hepatic encephalopathy effects | #6 |
| implications pathogenesis | #6 |
| unaltered distribution | #6 |
| 3nmol | #6 |
| brain benzodiazepine | #6 |
| central proinflammatory | #6 |
| frontal cortex rats | #6 |
| controls arginine | #6 |
| models alf | #6 |
| fur mice | #6 |
| induced thiamine | #6 |
| liver failure | #6 |
| increased glut1 expression | #6 |
| acetyl lcarnitine | #6 |
| ascorbate protects | #6 |
| arginine brain | #6 |
| 14c taurine | #6 |
| increased expression aqp4 | #6 |
| hypothermia alf | #6 |
| lola improvement | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding sites | #6 |
| direct neurotoxic | #6 |
| nac alf | #6 |
| term fluorescence | #6 |
| liver hepatic encephalopathy | #7 |
| mediators liver | #7 |
| edema extracellular | #7 |
| rats ammonium acetate | #7 |
| notion activation | #7 |
| columbia rating scale | #7 |
| wernicke‐korsakoff syndrome | #7 |
| pregnant rats offspring | #7 |
| central benzodiazepine receptors | #7 |
| inhibitor src | #7 |
| tdp ttp | #7 |
| animal hepatic | #7 |
| brain glutamate | #7 |
| 3htryptamine | #7 |
| 70 mm kcl | #7 |
| increased cerebellum | #7 |
| astrocytic transporters | #7 |
| fatigue severity patients | #7 |
| transporter deficit | #7 |
| ammonia kidney | #7 |
| ischemia hyperglycemic | #7 |
| alf sham | #7 |
| neuronal cell loss | #7 |
| alf arterial ammonia | #7 |
| central neuroinflammation | #7 |
| vpmt | #7 |
| nutritional management patients | #7 |
| glutamine synthesis ammonia | #7 |
| fulminant liver failure | #7 |
| alcoholic brain damage | #7 |
| severe thiamine deficiency | #7 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities patients | #7 |
| cyclase hepatic | #7 |
| failure acute | #7 |
| thiamine dependent enzymes | #7 |
| skeletal muscle adapts | #7 |
| thiamine absorption | #7 |
| swelling astrocytes | #7 |
| hepatic encephalopathy studies | #7 |
| flumazenil 10 microm | #7 |
| igg immunohistochemistry | #7 |
| encephalopathy findings | #7 |
| transketolase animals | #7 |
| cerebral alterations alf | #7 |
| flumazenil patients | #7 |
| frontal cortex controls | #7 |
| uremic coma | #7 |
| glutamine increased | #7 |
| neurological symptoms | #7 |
| acute minocycline | #7 |
| hiaa increased | #7 |
| pca pss | #7 |
| concentrations allopregnanolone | #7 |
| loss transporter | #7 |
| kcl medium | #7 |
| metallic phosphate | #7 |
| chronic deprivation | #7 |
| edema plasma | #7 |
| tppdependent enzymes | #7 |
| typical friedreichs ataxia | #7 |
| perineuronal astrocytes | #7 |
| icp alf | #7 |
| neuroinhibitory | #7 |
| chemistry disease | #7 |
| glutamate acute | #7 |
| gdh activities | #7 |
| l3harginine uptake | #7 |
| size portacaval | #7 |
| surgical rats | #7 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral ischemia | #8 |
| normal metabolic balance | #8 |
| ammonium ions | #8 |
| brain increased expression | #8 |
| falls cirrhosis | #8 |
| active pyruvate dehydrogenase | #8 |
| rindi | #8 |
| result decreased | #8 |
| autopsied human | #8 |
| central noradrenergic function | #8 |
| expression glyt1 | #8 |
| proinflammatory mediators expression | #8 |
| alterations modulation | #8 |
| neuroprotective steroids | #8 |
| cerebellum activation | #8 |
| prefrontal nmda | #8 |
| affinity glutamate uptake | #8 |
| induced akinesia | #8 |
| complications liver disease | #8 |
| thalamus cerebellum | #8 |
| gaba reverse | #8 |
| cells ammonia | #8 |
| portalsystemic shunting | #8 |
| alcohol brain damage | #8 |
| alcohol thiamine | #8 |
| nmda sites | #8 |
| brain ammonia levels | #8 |
| portocaval anastomosis | #8 |
| taurine ca2 | #8 |
| chronic brain dysfunction | #8 |
| activities glutamine | #8 |
| alf administration | #8 |
| spraguedawley temporal lobe | #8 |
| voluntary ethanol consumption | #8 |
| ammonia hyperammonemia | #8 |
| antisense elements genetics | #8 |
| study binding sites | #8 |
| regional alterations | #8 |
| measurement cell volume | #8 |
| assessment bioaccumulation | #8 |
| neuropathologic consequences | #8 |
| ultraviolet uv spectrum | #8 |
| synthesis lactate | #8 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral | #8 |
| strains ornithine | #8 |
| lactate synthesis | #8 |
| probenecid 5 | #8 |
| intracranial pressure increase | #8 |
| izuru | #8 |
| synthesis thiamine | #8 |
| ammonia metabolites | #8 |
| direct toxic actions | #8 |
| neurobehavioral damage | #8 |
| sourkes | #8 |
| receptors mitochondrial | #8 |
| cirrhotic patients | #8 |
| disease gad | #8 |
| concentrations thdoc | #8 |
| loss congenital | #8 |
| tellez | #8 |
| tests ataxia | #8 |
| elfar adalsteinsson | #8 |
| clive harper | #8 |
| 3alpha5betathp | #8 |
| dependent enzymes | #8 |
| peter dodd | #8 |
| content frontal cortex | #8 |
| arterial ammonia concentrations | #8 |
| sham alf | #9 |
| glyt1 transporter | #9 |
| arterial ammonia concentration | #9 |
| ammonia neurotoxicity | #9 |
| protein glut1 | #9 |
| animals acute | #9 |
| glutamate receptor ligands | #9 |
| binding sites brain | #9 |
| taurine calcium | #9 |
| portal hypertension result | #9 |
| disease thiamine | #9 |
| male cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| ammonia key role | #9 |
| 5fluoromethylornithine | #9 |
| pallidal signal | #9 |
| acute hyperammonemia | #9 |
| ammonia binding | #9 |
| acute rats | #9 |
| brain herniation | #9 |
| perispinal administration | #9 |
| mild hypothermia | #9 |
| portacaval rat | #9 |
| thiamine monophosphatase | #9 |
| prevention complications | #9 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ammonia | #9 |
| glutamate glt1 | #9 |
| autopsied brain | #9 |
| hepatic coma | #9 |
| central gabaa receptor | #9 |
| glial tca cycle | #9 |
| edema rats | #9 |
| transcarbamylase otc | #9 |
| pcs rats | #9 |
| acute nitric oxide | #9 |
| mechanisms responsible | #9 |
| activities skeletal muscle | #9 |
| rat brain density | #9 |
| acid hepatic | #9 |
| gabaa tissue distribution | #9 |
| observed frontal | #9 |
| neuroinhibition | #9 |
| taurine binding | #9 |
| vulnerable brain regions | #9 |
| cerebellum medulla oblongata | #9 |
| neurotoxic substance | #9 |
| brain postsynaptic | #9 |
| hyperammonemia liver cirrhosis | #9 |
| 37 decrease | #9 |
| joanne lewohl | #9 |
| ammonia induced | #9 |
| kinetics distribution | #9 |
| order address | #9 |
| nonneuronal elements | #9 |
| glucose hypothermia | #9 |
| hepatocerebral | #9 |
| gaba reference | #9 |
| edith sullivan | #9 |
| adolf pfefferbaum | #9 |
| manganese dust | #9 |
| binding sites nmda | #9 |
| sites frontal | #9 |
| 11 cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| cerebral ammonia toxicity | #9 |
| rats phosphate | #9 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder | #10 |
| nh4 forms | #10 |
| swelling ammonia | #10 |
| cord taurine | #10 |
| brain edema | #10 |
| progression hepatic encephalopathy | #10 |
| neuroactive amino acids | #10 |
| encephalopathy grade | #10 |
| fur mouse | #10 |
| brain pca | #10 |
| cerebral consequences | #10 |
| loss reflex | #10 |
| decreased glutamate | #10 |
| expression superoxide | #10 |
| 3omethylglucose animals animals | #10 |
| 10 mm concentration | #10 |
| selective brain regions | #10 |
| bdl surgery | #10 |
| thiamine replenishment | #10 |
| complication chronic | #10 |
| nh4ac | #10 |
| encephalopathy cirrhotic | #10 |
| anastomosis hepatic | #10 |
| affinities binding sites | #10 |
| 3hpk | #10 |
| ammonia study | #10 |
| thiamine transketolase | #10 |
| dissected material | #10 |
| massive brain edema | #10 |
| 200 appearance | #10 |
| cerebellum pons | #10 |
| stress thiamine | #10 |
| mechanisms include | #10 |
| urea cycle enzymopathies | #10 |
| subsequent gc analysis | #10 |
| rats nimesulide | #10 |
| flumazenil hepatic | #10 |
| neurological symptomatology | #10 |
| deficiency congenital | #10 |
| mnsod cuznsod | #10 |
| rats daily injections | #10 |
| disorders include | #10 |
| 3hketanserin binding sites | #10 |
| activation pathogenesis | #10 |
| glutamine synthesis astrocytes | #10 |
| hrqol mhe | #10 |
| glutathione levels expression | #10 |
| mechanisms free radicals | #10 |
| model alf | #10 |
| thalamic structures | #10 |
| mechanisms tnfalpha | #10 |
| labeling glutamine | #10 |
| rats stereotyped behavior | #10 |
| identification alterations | #10 |
| rat leads | #10 |
| oxidative nitrosative stress | #11 |
| experimental design limitations | #11 |
| patients gabaa | #11 |
| benzodiazepine bdz receptors | #11 |
| ammonia amino acids | #11 |
| brain increased | #11 |
| dawley thalamus | #11 |
| pca brain | #11 |
| brain liver | #11 |
| dehydrogenase alpha | #11 |
| cerebral vulnerability | #11 |
| impaired locomotor activity | #11 |
| glutamate gammaaminobutyric acid | #11 |
| halflife age | #11 |
| placebo benzodiazepines | #11 |
| pca p005 | #11 |
| rats nh4cl | #11 |
| signal hyperintensity | #11 |
| increased expression brain | #11 |
| deficiency brain | #11 |
| isoforms mrna | #11 |
| pdh alpha | #11 |
| biosynthetic purposes | #11 |
| time icp | #11 |
| capacity ammonia | #11 |
| hyperammonemias | #11 |
| benzodiazepinelike compounds | #11 |
| brain h1 | #11 |
| gabaergic tonic currents | #11 |
| ammonia astrocytes | #11 |
| manganese blood | #11 |
| ammonia pathogenesis | #11 |
| 1h‐13c | #11 |
| reduced activities | #11 |
| benzodiazepines neurosteroids | #11 |
| portal systemic | #11 |
| impaired oxidation | #11 |
| cirrhotic patients relationship | #11 |
| hypothermia liver | #11 |
| fluoromethylornithine | #11 |
| studies convincing evidence | #11 |
| ammonia animals rats | #11 |
| alterations brain | #11 |
| brain alf | #11 |
| amino acids rats | #11 |
| selective radioligands | #12 |
| shunt surgical | #12 |
| loss righting | #12 |
| brains rats | #12 |
| humans ketoglutarate | #12 |
| diphosphate form | #12 |
| contribute pathogenesis | #12 |
| thiamine deficient diet | #12 |
| cerebellar tissue | #12 |
| anaplerotic activity | #12 |
| brain chronic | #12 |
| subclinical encephalopathy | #12 |
| mild hypothermia patients | #12 |
| perispinal | #12 |
| thalamus cerebral cortex | #12 |
| improvement neurological symptoms | #12 |
| clinical hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| aqp4 brain edema | #12 |
| acetyltransferase disease | #12 |
| rats glut1 | #12 |
| increased ammonia | #12 |
| ammonia | #12 |
| microglial activation brain | #12 |
| selective inactivator | #12 |
| binding medium | #12 |
| blood manganese concentrations | #12 |
| ammonia animals | #12 |
| selective loss expression | #12 |
| total glutamine | #12 |
| thiamin triphosphate | #12 |
| mm nh4cl | #12 |
| ammonia amino | #12 |
| ammonia salts | #12 |
| pairfed control mice | #12 |
| p005 pca | #12 |
| humans hepatic | #12 |
| neuroactive amino | #12 |
| hyperammonemia liver failure | #12 |
| binding sites ligands | #12 |
| igg extravasation | #12 |
| prevention hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| deficiency amino | #12 |
| patients frontal cortex | #12 |
| brain slices synaptosomes | #12 |
| body fatigue | #13 |
| regions rat brain | #13 |
| presence hippocampal sclerosis | #13 |
| transcarbamylase deficiency | #13 |
| neuroprotection pretreatment | #13 |
| ishen | #13 |
| thiamine intake | #13 |
| endogenous neuropeptide ligands | #13 |
| role selective vulnerability | #13 |
| patients flumazenil | #13 |
| ampa receptor glur2 | #13 |
| greatest vulnerability | #13 |
| increased copper content | #13 |
| hyperammonemia ammonia | #13 |
| postsynaptic gaba | #13 |
| growing body evidence | #13 |
| increased csf concentrations | #13 |
| gfap protein | #13 |
| complex ketone | #13 |
| hand activities | #13 |
| increased brain lactate | #13 |
| cerebral edema icp | #13 |
| veratramine | #13 |
| levels octopamine | #13 |
| ammonia cytokines | #13 |
| tissuespecific alterations | #13 |
| expression ammonia | #13 |
| butyrylglycine | #13 |
| loss gfap | #13 |
| liver toxins | #13 |
| pallidal dopamine | #13 |
| ammonia manganese | #13 |
| frontal cortex administration | #13 |
| hyperglycemic ischemia | #13 |
| amino acids lactate | #13 |
| brain water accumulation | #13 |
| acute ammonia | #13 |
| blood csf concentrations | #13 |
| cytokines hepatic | #13 |
| hepatic encephalopathy patients | #13 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone | #13 |
| development severe encephalopathy | #13 |
| loss chat | #13 |
| evidence central | #13 |
| treatment liver failure | #13 |
| sites brain | #13 |
| hyperammonemic conditions | #13 |
| survival liver injury | #13 |
| peripheral nerve conduction | #13 |
| neurosteroids gabaa | #13 |
| hypothermia reduction | #14 |
| portacaval rats | #14 |
| striatum concentrations | #14 |
| mammillary body atrophy | #14 |
| glutamine concentrations | #14 |
| models hepatic | #14 |
| gfap aqp4 | #14 |
| systemic shunting | #14 |
| antibiotic minocycline | #14 |
| aged biogenic | #14 |
| sparse fur | #14 |
| brain energy metabolites | #14 |
| ataxia neurological signs | #14 |
| cerebellum cerebellar cortex | #14 |
| clinical neurological signs | #14 |
| αmt | #14 |
| manganese distribution | #14 |
| pathogenesis | #14 |
| 8024 | #14 |
| manganese phosphate | #15 |
| gabaa reference values | #15 |
| thiamin metabolism | #15 |
| 3hquisqualate | #15 |
| failure encephalopathy | #15 |
| ataxics | #15 |
| moderate drinkers | #15 |
| acute liver | #15 |
| 3hpk 11195 | #15 |
| vulnerable region | #15 |
| astrocytic volume | #15 |
| fulminant liver | #15 |
| portocaval shunts | #15 |
| microglial activation neuroinflammation | #15 |
| glur3 subunits | #15 |
| cirrhosis systematic review | #15 |
| treatment measurement | #15 |
| white matter cbf | #15 |
| hyperintensity patients | #15 |
| purkinje cell terminals | #15 |
| apaptreated mice | #15 |
| role thiamine | #15 |
| cerebral complications | #15 |
| alcoholic brain | #15 |
| activity pdhc | #15 |
| socalled type | #16 |
| new prospects | #16 |
| benzodiazepine gaba | #16 |
| cirrhosis ammonia | #16 |
| nonvulnerable | #16 |
| brain modulation | #16 |
| addition degree | #16 |
| agonal status | #16 |
| endothelial glucose | #16 |
| encephalopathy chronic | #16 |
| encephalopathy loss | #16 |
| hypothesises | #16 |
| benzodiazepine ligands | #16 |
| wks | #16 |
| proteins implicated | #16 |
| brain proinflammatory | #16 |
| encephalopathy liver | #16 |
| gabaa receptor complex | #16 |
| hypothermia 35 | #16 |
| glutamine increase | #16 |
| isoform gene | #16 |
| hepatic metabolic pathways | #16 |
| taurine brain | #16 |
| distribution tritium | #16 |
| pathophysiologic cascade | #16 |
| new mechanistic basis | #16 |
| animal modelling | #16 |
| pcs sham | #16 |
| ammonia induces | #17 |
| cerebellum enzyme | #17 |
| liver disease mice | #17 |
| pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #17 |
| early glial | #17 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms | #17 |
| complications malnutrition | #17 |
| early microglial | #17 |
| upregulation aqp4 | #17 |
| day heavy drinking | #17 |
| glutamine phenylalanine | #17 |
| encephalopathy rats | #17 |
| reprint | #17 |
| vulnerable structures | #17 |
| cox2 expression immunohistochemistry | #17 |
| endogenous benzodiazepines | #17 |
| cortical astrocyte | #17 |
| isoquinoline carboxamide | #17 |
| 4fold increases | #17 |
| activation sgc | #17 |
| surgical construction | #17 |
| patient malnutrition | #17 |
| pathogenesis complications | #17 |
| benzoate therapy | #17 |
| acid thiamine | #17 |
| acids ammonia | #17 |
| loss liver | #17 |
| antibiotic rifaximin | #17 |
| dependent enzyme | #17 |
| synthetase activities | #17 |
| glutamate enzyme | #17 |
| onset convulsions | #17 |
| platelets dopamine | #17 |
| absence ammonia | #17 |
| excess ammonia | #17 |
| compared pair | #18 |
| astrocytic glutamine synthetase | #18 |
| doserelated reduction | #18 |
| patients therapeutic options | #18 |
| coa levels | #18 |
| generalized reduction | #18 |
| reversible coma | #18 |
| active pyruvate | #18 |
| 11195 binding | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff | #18 |
| autopsied | #18 |
| neuropathologic evaluation | #18 |
| binding sites hippocampus | #18 |
| 13c isotopomer analysis | #18 |
| neuropathological damage | #18 |
| astrocytes blotting | #18 |
| concentrations kcl | #18 |
| result molecules | #18 |
| brain regions rat | #18 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic patients | #18 |
| activities alpha | #18 |
| portocaval shunting | #18 |
| prevention progression | #18 |
| beta endorphin betaep | #18 |
| administration aom | #18 |
| neurological psychiatric | #18 |
| selective neuronal | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff syndrome | #18 |
| bbb igg | #18 |
| condition evidence | #18 |
| type benzodiazepine | #18 |
| encephalopathy patients | #18 |
| glutamates glutamine | #19 |
| blood manganese | #19 |
| outcome prevention | #19 |
| response neurodegeneration | #19 |
| acids glutamate | #19 |
| brain peripheral | #19 |
| serum ammonia levels | #19 |
| distribution binding | #19 |
| pathophysiology hepatic encephalopathy | #19 |
| errors mice | #19 |
| cholinergic cell loss | #19 |
| csf concentrations 5hiaa | #19 |
| brain lactate | #19 |
| severe encephalopathy | #19 |
| agents hepatic | #19 |
| free coa | #19 |
| synthetase protein | #19 |
| cirrhotic patients controls | #19 |
| rats stages | #19 |
| energy metabolism brain | #19 |
| control groups animals | #19 |
| expression result | #19 |
| astrocytic neuronal | #19 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase | #19 |
| complications acute | #19 |
| equal age | #19 |
| increase brain water | #19 |
| treatment mhe | #19 |
| exposure cultured | #19 |
| endogenous benzodiazepine | #19 |
| lola patients | #19 |
| 125iiodopindolol | #19 |
| disease frontal | #19 |
| biochemical lesion | #20 |
| animal frontal | #20 |
| lola | #20 |
| glutamate increased | #20 |
| effects neurosteroids | #20 |
| rats patients | #20 |
| coma brain | #20 |
| expression oxidative stress | #20 |
| regions rat | #20 |
| brain organic osmolytes | #20 |
| syndrome wks | #20 |
| diencephalic | #20 |
| alf mars | #20 |
| volume plasmapheresis | #20 |
| bbb alterations | #20 |
| l3harginine | #20 |
| benzodiazepine medication | #20 |
| adequate dietary protein | #20 |
| glutamate nmda receptors | #20 |
| acute ammonia toxicity | #20 |
| pallidal hyperintensity | #20 |
| aids patients patients | #20 |
| animals tests | #20 |
| brain autopsy samples | #20 |
| deficiency synthesis | #21 |
| 5 p0001 | #21 |
| transport ammonia | #21 |
| mhe encephalopathy humans | #21 |
| sgc nitric oxide | #21 |
| symptomatic stages | #21 |
| alanine increased | #21 |
| endorphin induced | #21 |
| plasma ammonia concentrations | #21 |
| metabolic trafficking | #21 |
| glast protein | #21 |
| failure skeletal | #21 |
| protective hypothermia | #21 |
| nakatpase activities | #21 |
| 3alpha5alphathp | #21 |
| cisterna magna csf | #21 |
| blood–brain barrier permeability | #21 |
| mild hypothermia survival | #21 |
| vivo cerebral | #21 |
| selective loss neurons | #21 |
| hyperammonemia rats | #21 |
| tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone | #21 |
| direct neurotoxic effects | #21 |
| 8094 | #21 |
| zieve | #22 |
| 3alpha5beta | #22 |
| concentrations glycine | #22 |
| sites measured | #22 |
| effects glutamate | #22 |
| exposed manganese | #22 |
| stereotyped behavior rats | #22 |
| sham operation rats | #22 |
| deficiency alterations | #22 |
| sites cerebral | #22 |
| gaba regions | #22 |
| partial inverse agonists | #22 |
| brain alanine | #22 |
| hepatic carnitine | #22 |
| characterized model | #22 |
| temporal cortex cerebellum | #22 |
| brain experimental | #22 |
| distribution amino acids | #22 |
| alf infection | #22 |
| cerebral cortex brainstem | #22 |
| 3hafdx | #22 |
| acute hepatic encephalopathy | #22 |
| antiparkinson drugs | #22 |
| normal circumstances | #22 |
| gabaa receptors humans | #22 |
| inbred strains cns | #22 |
| hippocampus thalamus | #23 |
| amino acids model | #23 |
| glutamine neurons | #23 |
| mm ammonia | #23 |
| portal systemic encephalopathy | #23 |
| glutamine accumulation | #23 |
| bckdh activity | #23 |
| dewhurst | #23 |
| astrocytic protein | #23 |
| increased sites | #23 |
| gabaa steroids | #23 |
| aspartate alanine | #23 |
| cerebral gaba | #23 |
| deficiency animals | #23 |
| treatment sarcopenia | #23 |
| diphosphate dependent | #23 |
| proinflammatory cytokines mice | #23 |
| oxidative stress nac | #23 |
| neuropathological evaluation | #23 |
| cortex male rats | #23 |
| ammonia lactate | #23 |
| impaired absorption | #23 |
| ammonia liver | #23 |
| glutamine taurine | #23 |
| brain neurosteroid | #23 |
| brain cell function | #23 |
| marrero | #23 |
| thiamine homeostasis | #23 |
| p005 activities | #24 |
| pathophysiological levels | #24 |
| controls cirrhotic | #24 |
| brain coenzyme | #24 |
| serotonin 5ht metabolism | #24 |
| ” ligands | #24 |
| external warming | #24 |
| sites ligands | #24 |
| neuropathologic studies | #24 |
| activites | #24 |
| encephalopathy ammonia | #24 |
| glutamine synthesis | #25 |
| uptake 14c | #25 |
| extracellular glutamine | #25 |
| cns complication | #25 |
| cytotoxic brain edema | #25 |
| inhalation exposure rats | #25 |
| ammonia reduction | #25 |
| mousseau | #25 |
| deficiency regulation | #25 |
| damage dysfunction | #25 |
| nmdareceptor | #25 |
| copper zinc concentrations | #25 |
| 11195 | #25 |
| synthase activities | #25 |
| transketolase tk | #25 |
| glutamine liver | #25 |
| severe muscle damage | #25 |
| malnutrition chronic | #25 |
| katpase src | #25 |
| human experimental | #25 |
| chronic hepatic | #25 |
| sites glutamate | #25 |
| failure increased | #26 |
| alanine concentrations | #26 |
| 17 39 | #26 |
| adult patterns | #26 |
| synthesis amino acids | #26 |
| 60p | #26 |
| concentrations ammonia | #26 |
| anastomosis rats | #26 |
| pathogenesis cerebral | #26 |
| ketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #26 |
| isoquinolines ligands | #26 |
| flumazenil placebo | #26 |
| arterial ammonia levels | #26 |
| treatment hepatic | #26 |
| aqp4 levels | #26 |
| pathophysiological significance | #26 |
| fluid amino | #26 |
| oxidative stress processes | #26 |
| manganese ammonia | #27 |
| binding site densities | #27 |
| accumulation glutamine | #27 |
| brain serotonin metabolism | #27 |
| alf induced | #27 |
| binding 3hmuscimol | #27 |
| deficient brain | #27 |
| onset encephalopathy | #27 |
| cerebellum brain | #27 |
| fgin1 | #27 |
| beta sites | #27 |
| glucose loading | #27 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase otc | #27 |
| asparagine glutamine | #27 |
| support potential | #27 |
| oxidative stress evidence | #27 |
| liver fasting | #27 |
| increased concentrations | #27 |
| regional densities | #27 |
| rifaximin mhe | #27 |
| treatment cirrhosis | #27 |
| noradrenaline transport | #27 |
| effects thiamine | #28 |
| metabolism relation | #28 |
| astrocytic metabolism | #28 |
| selective neuronal loss | #28 |
| chronic liver failure | #28 |
| type hepatic | #28 |
| allosteric modulatory | #28 |
| activities decreased | #28 |
| devascularized | #28 |
| glutamate transporter activity | #28 |
| astrocytes loss | #28 |
| eaat3 expression | #28 |
| ataxic gait | #28 |
| wernicke encephalopathy | #28 |
| baldessarini | #28 |
| experimental acute | #28 |
| striatum contrast | #29 |
| flumazenil flunitrazepam | #29 |
| 3hro5 | #29 |
| subchronic inhalation exposure | #29 |
| superoxide scavenger | #29 |
| frontal temporal cortex | #29 |
| cytoplasmic nuclear signal | #29 |
| dust rats | #29 |
| re‐evaluation | #29 |
| diverse etiology | #29 |
| optimal supply | #29 |
| rats probenecid | #29 |
| travelled distance | #29 |
| glutamine content | #29 |
| oxide brain | #29 |
| putamen frontal cortex | #29 |
| cerebral energy failure | #29 |
| effective adjunct therapy | #29 |
| pairfed controls | #29 |
| shamoperated control animals | #29 |
| cerebral cortex thalamus | #29 |
| dopamine metabolism striatum | #29 |
| increased glutamine | #29 |
| serotonin turnover | #29 |
| isopregnanolone | #29 |
| induction mild hypothermia | #29 |
| chat activities | #30 |
| progression liver injury | #30 |
| neurotransmitter amino acids | #30 |
| glycine glutamine | #30 |
| inflammatory cascades | #30 |
| increased nmda | #30 |
| aspartate glutamine | #30 |
| studies experimental | #30 |
| gaba receptor complex | #30 |
| hyperglycemic stroke | #30 |
| frontal cortex samples | #30 |
| presymptomatic animals | #30 |
| west criteria | #30 |
| quantitative receptor | #30 |
| neuronal cell counts | #30 |
| mediated excitotoxicity | #30 |
| nonabsorbable disaccharides | #30 |
| 3dsrt | #30 |
| flumazenil gaba | #30 |
| glutamate content | #30 |
| blood ammonia concentration | #30 |
| glutamate cgmp | #30 |
| chronic hyperammonemia | #30 |
| stroke neurological | #30 |
| encephalopathy portal | #30 |
| cerebral glutamate | #31 |
| study ammonia | #31 |
| expression tight junction | #31 |
| neuroinflammation pathogenesis | #31 |
| antisense elements | #31 |
| glutamate nmda | #31 |
| cuznsod protein | #31 |
| peripheral type | #31 |
| leading increased | #31 |
| shunted animals | #31 |
| clinical prospects | #31 |
| stupor | #31 |
| pannecrosis | #31 |
| dogs hepatic | #31 |
| production microglial | #31 |
| brain decreased | #31 |
| brain monoamine oxidase | #31 |
| gabaa receptor ligands | #32 |
| akinesia | #32 |
| detoxification unit | #32 |
| astrocytes ammonia | #32 |
| friedreichs ataxia | #32 |
| uptake ammonia | #32 |
| temporal cortex patients | #32 |
| hepatoprotective properties | #32 |
| 2 alteration | #32 |
| telemethylhistamine | #32 |
| minimal mhe | #32 |
| effects mild | #32 |
| fixed intervals | #32 |
| intracellular osmolarity | #32 |
| indian national association | #32 |
| increased nitric | #32 |
| deficiencies vitamins | #32 |
| binding gaba | #32 |
| binding sites presence | #32 |
| cerebral ammonia | #32 |
| hepatic symptoms | #32 |
| acute hyperglycemic | #32 |
| clinical laboratory findings | #33 |
| hand addition | #33 |
| failing liver | #33 |
| cns concentrations | #33 |
| species rats | #33 |
| et495 | #33 |
| otc deficiency | #33 |
| cns complications | #33 |
| ohe patients | #33 |
| snat5 | #33 |
| binding microsomes | #33 |
| reversible alterations | #33 |
| brain gaba levels | #33 |
| regions brains | #33 |
| neuronal cell survival | #33 |
| monoamines brain | #33 |
| glycine aspartate | #33 |
| selective decreases | #33 |
| rats ammonia | #33 |
| proinflammatory cytokines brain | #33 |
| nash treatment | #33 |
| gaba aspartate | #33 |
| ammonium tartrate | #34 |
| gad activities | #34 |
| stupor coma | #34 |
| 11 agematched controls | #34 |
| severe neurological dysfunction | #34 |
| groups cirrhotic patients | #34 |
| nh4oac | #34 |
| encephalopathy hippocampus | #34 |
| relation brain | #34 |
| hepatic artery ligation | #34 |
| metabolite 5 | #34 |
| acetylcholinesterase activities | #34 |
| cytotoxic brain | #34 |
| severe neurological symptoms | #34 |
| nonepileptic controls | #34 |
| inadequate dietary intake | #34 |
| nac reduction | #34 |
| space glutamic | #35 |
| astrocytic glutamate | #35 |
| activation proinflammatory | #35 |
| overt encephalopathy | #35 |
| chapter 29 | #35 |
| total thiamine | #35 |
| severe compromise | #35 |
| fatigue rats | #35 |
| neurotransmitter amino | #35 |
| octadecaneuropeptide | #35 |
| chronic hepatic encephalopathy | #35 |
| ammonia concentrations | #35 |
| free hepatic | #35 |
| type gaba | #35 |
| dawley reverse | #35 |
| manganese tricarbonyl | #35 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #35 |
| fluid ammonia | #35 |
| effects manganese | #35 |
| cycle glucose | #36 |
| electricalfield stimulation | #36 |
| numerous etiologies | #36 |
| brain regions studies | #36 |
| cerebral cortical astrocytes | #36 |
| thioacetamide treatment | #36 |
| acid brain | #36 |
| arterial ammonia | #36 |
| synthesis glutamate | #36 |
| muscarinic sites | #36 |
| detoxification product | #36 |
| astrocyte glutamate | #36 |
| astrocytic glutamine | #36 |
| aom treatment | #36 |
| uptake glutamate | #36 |
| increased voluntary | #37 |
| blood manganese levels | #37 |
| mild hypothermia therapy | #37 |
| alf mice | #37 |
| 3beta5alpha | #37 |
| protein glutamate | #37 |
| increased blood glucose | #37 |
| excitotoxic mechanism | #37 |
| acute receptors | #37 |
| perivenous hepatocytes | #37 |
| csf cisterna magna | #37 |
| mice ammonia | #37 |
| failure male | #38 |
| astrocytic marker | #38 |
| brain amino acids | #38 |
| glutamate ammonia | #38 |
| glutamatergic function | #38 |
| brain rats | #38 |
| corneal reflex | #38 |
| increase glutamine | #38 |
| hypothermia attenuates | #38 |
| ammonium acetate | #38 |
| gfap immunohistochemistry | #38 |
| pca surgery | #39 |
| severe liver dysfunction | #39 |
| glutamine formation | #39 |
| thiamine administration | #39 |
| benzodiazepine antagonist | #39 |
| clive | #39 |
| chronic alcoholism | #39 |
| hyperammonaemic | #39 |
| loss gene expression | #39 |
| brain regional distribution | #39 |
| pdhc | #39 |
| concomitant decreases | #39 |
| findings increased | #39 |
| posterior columns | #39 |
| liver inasl | #40 |
| argininic acid | #40 |
| seizures mental retardation | #40 |
| increased density | #40 |
| concentration areas | #40 |
| quin levels | #40 |
| dheas | #40 |
| acetylcoa levels | #40 |
| arginine uptake | #40 |
| etiology severity | #40 |
| regiondependent manner | #40 |
| regionally selective | #40 |
| neurological alterations | #40 |
| nmdamediated excitotoxicity | #40 |
| concentrations catecholamines | #40 |
| nitroarginine rats rats | #40 |
| glutamine glycine | #40 |
| ammonia homeostasis | #40 |
| brain extracts | #41 |
| lateral vestibular nucleus | #41 |
| vulnerable area | #41 |
| acid neurotransmitter | #41 |
| sgc activation | #41 |
| regions concentrations | #41 |
| brain benzodiazepine receptors | #41 |
| increased glutamate release | #41 |
| complications chronic | #41 |
| deficiency disease | #41 |
| brain taurine | #41 |
| regulation caveolin1 | #41 |
| cellcell signalling | #41 |
| thiamine metabolism | #41 |
| detoxification ammonia | #41 |
| activation nmda receptor | #41 |
| trace amines | #42 |
| illness terminology topic | #42 |
| pk11195 binding | #42 |
| cerebral glutamine | #42 |
| cerebral alterations | #42 |
| complex pdhc | #42 |
| thdoc | #42 |
| benzodiazepine sites | #42 |
| glutamine insulin | #43 |
| liver assist | #43 |
| acute ammonia intoxication | #43 |
| transcarbamylase | #43 |
| gabaa tritium | #43 |
| metabolism acute | #43 |
| carbamoyltransferase deficiency | #43 |
| increased neuronal | #43 |
| nonalcoholic patients | #43 |
| western brain dna | #44 |
| acid glutamine | #44 |
| aged portacaval | #44 |
| sarcopenia cirrhosis | #44 |
| cerebral levels | #44 |
| ataxia humans | #44 |
| behavioral excitation | #44 |
| reduction brain | #44 |
| severe hyperammonemia | #44 |
| mechanisms disorder | #44 |
| ohe mhe | #44 |
| ammonia increases | #44 |
| toxic liver | #44 |
| increased serotonin | #44 |
| treament | #44 |
| mice etanercept | #45 |
| welldefined areas | #45 |
| small meals | #45 |
| model congenital | #45 |
| ventral white matter | #45 |
| mild encephalopathy | #45 |
| glutamate transporter | #45 |
| thiamin deficiency | #45 |
| cortex dose | #45 |
| aspartate gaba | #45 |
| cholinergic neuronal | #45 |
| isoquinolines kinetics | #45 |
| normoglycemic rats | #46 |
| 11cnmethylspiperone | #46 |
| brain gamma | #46 |
| exposed ammonia | #46 |
| fatigue controls | #46 |
| treatment downregulation | #46 |
| brain oxidative metabolism | #46 |
| cortex glutamate | #46 |
| rtpcr experiments | #47 |
| human rat brain | #47 |
| brain amino | #47 |
| metabolism astrocytes | #47 |
| neurosteroid | #47 |
| anaplerotic flux | #47 |
| glutamate removal | #47 |
| benzodiazepine receptors | #47 |
| alcoholic cirrhotics | #47 |
| glutamate aspartate | #47 |
| microsomes isolated | #47 |
| distinctive pattern | #47 |
| pathophysiologically | #47 |
| 113cglucose | #48 |
| neurotoxic agents | #48 |
| concomitant increases | #48 |
| age injection | #48 |
| cerebral dysfunction | #48 |
| 3hmuscimol | #48 |
| maob | #48 |
| amino acid synthesis | #48 |
| mitochondrial benzodiazepine | #48 |
| hyperammonemia | #48 |
| allopregnanolone concentrations | #48 |
| sites nmda | #48 |
| tnf brain | #48 |
| cerebellum medulla | #48 |
| thalamus pons | #48 |
| central nervous function | #48 |
| neurotoxic actions | #49 |
| rcts low risk | #49 |
| glycerol phenylbutyrate | #49 |
| cerebellum patients | #49 |
| nmda binding | #49 |
| brain tryptophan | #49 |
| voluntary ethanol | #49 |
| ammonia detoxification | #49 |
| pallidal | #49 |
| central benzodiazepine | #49 |
| increased extracellular | #50 |
| alcoholic dementia | #50 |
| levels brain | #50 |
| effects body temperature | #50 |
| tyrosine ammonia | #50 |
| extracellular glycine | #50 |
| manganese middle | #50 |
| hepatic congestion | #50 |
| rational explanation | #50 |
| brain banks | #50 |
| expression glt1 | #50 |
| hepatic encephalopathy study | #50 |
| false neurotransmitters | #51 |
| inflamed brain | #51 |
| early microglial activation | #51 |
| lcarnitine treatment | #51 |
| glutamate receptors nmda | #51 |
| acids measured | #51 |
| righting | #51 |
| management hepatic | #51 |
| electromyographic evaluation | #51 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic | #52 |
| complex rats | #52 |
| neurobehavioral disturbances | #52 |
| altered permeability | #52 |
| cognitive motor dysfunction | #52 |
| pse | #52 |
| brain concentrations | #52 |
| vivo microdialysis | #52 |
| mice carnitine | #52 |
| 12 rats | #52 |
| severe stages | #52 |
| synthesis glutamine | #52 |
| nitroarginine rats | #52 |
| friedreichs ataxia patients | #52 |
| early losses | #52 |
| pathophysiologic | #53 |
| central histaminergic | #53 |
| 3hmuscimol binding | #53 |
| rats portacaval shunt | #53 |
| treatment alf | #53 |
| neurosteroid synthesis | #53 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone | #53 |
| 3hkainate | #53 |
| neuropsychiatric syndrome | #54 |
| portacaval shunt pcs | #54 |
| portacaval shunts | #54 |
| kidney testis | #54 |
| liver atrophy | #54 |
| mildest form | #54 |
| ischemic liver | #54 |
| cerebral inflammation | #54 |
| activation guanylate cyclase | #54 |
| stroke penumbra | #54 |
| subsequent alteration | #54 |
| mechanisms proposed | #54 |
| substitutive therapy | #54 |
| gene expression liver | #54 |
| concomitant reductions | #55 |
| neurotransmitter agents | #55 |
| hyperglycemic | #55 |
| glutathione plasma | #55 |
| activation glutamate receptors | #55 |
| human disorder | #55 |
| heterogenity | #55 |
| encephalopathy hyperammonemia | #55 |
| occludin levels | #55 |
| messenger spraguedawley receptors | #55 |
| delays onset | #56 |
| oxidative nitrosative | #56 |
| ca2dependent release | #56 |
| deficiency decreased | #56 |
| regions rats | #56 |
| levels allopregnanolone | #56 |
| awaits | #56 |
| severe cognitive dysfunction | #56 |
| coma patients | #57 |
| ammonia exposure | #57 |
| rats ouabain | #57 |
| failure muscle | #57 |
| increased intracellular ca2 | #57 |
| current therapeutic options | #57 |
| mechanisms implicated | #57 |
| resonance signal | #57 |
| tetrahydroprogesterone | #57 |
| brain glutamate levels | #57 |
| type mitochondrial | #57 |
| h1 receptors | #57 |
| lowering strategies | #58 |
| activation glutamate | #58 |
| brain histamine | #58 |
| nervous complications | #58 |
| astrocytes glutamate | #58 |
| levels amino acids | #58 |
| dansyl derivatives | #58 |
| levels ammonia | #58 |
| manganese copper | #58 |
| portacaval shunt | #58 |
| severity encephalopathy | #58 |
| pdhc activity | #58 |
| swelling brain | #58 |
| probenecid treatment | #58 |
| neuropharmacological studies | #59 |
| hyperammonaemia | #59 |
| 13c enrichments | #59 |
| uptake arginine | #59 |
| acetaminophen toxicity | #59 |
| saline treated controls | #59 |
| bilirubin metabolism | #59 |
| patients thiamine | #59 |
| mechanism protective | #59 |
| gfap gfap mrna | #59 |
| cirrhosis middle | #60 |
| ammonia intoxication | #60 |
| spontaneous synaptic activity | #60 |
| lazabemide | #60 |
| required cofactor | #60 |
| energy metabolites | #60 |
| alcoholics patients | #60 |
| alcoholic patients | #60 |
| ammonia toxicity | #60 |
| brain production | #60 |
| cirrhotic patients patients | #60 |
| purposing | #60 |
| affinity gaba | #61 |
| subjects free | #61 |
| excitotoxic brain injury | #61 |
| bz receptors | #61 |
| sham operated | #61 |
| il1beta mrna expression | #61 |
| concentrations glutamate | #61 |
| stem cerebral | #61 |
| 015 mmol | #61 |
| comparable magnitude | #61 |
| threefold increase | #61 |
| acid distribution | #61 |
| opioid penicillamine | #61 |
| maob maoa | #61 |
| ataxia friedreich | #61 |
| taurine synthesis | #62 |
| hypertension brain | #62 |
| βendorphin | #62 |
| receptors pathogenesis | #62 |
| elevated uptake | #62 |
| ultimate test | #62 |
| forebrain cholinergic neurons | #62 |
| brain1 | #62 |
| increased expression mrna | #62 |
| suggested role | #62 |
| role glutamate | #63 |
| rtpcr gene expression | #63 |
| manganese treatment | #63 |
| heavy drinking day | #63 |
| portocaval | #63 |
| focal increases | #63 |
| manganese intoxication | #63 |
| subclinical hepatic | #63 |
| thiamine | #63 |
| gaba glutamic acid | #63 |
| failure evidence | #63 |
| spectroscopy tomography | #63 |
| regions contrast | #63 |
| metabolism glutamine | #63 |
| neurosteroid allopregnanolone | #64 |
| neurotoxic substances | #64 |
| brain | #64 |
| transketolase activity | #64 |
| disease activities | #64 |
| fatigue pbc | #64 |
| parietal lobe rats | #64 |
| thalamus gamma | #64 |
| attenuates oxidative | #64 |
| sodium phenylacetate | #64 |
| 2454 | #65 |
| sodium benzoate | #65 |
| glutamine ammonia | #65 |
| manganese deposits | #65 |
| frontal parietal cortex | #65 |
| brain chemistry | #65 |
| hypokinesia | #65 |
| kcl nacl | #65 |
| methylhistamine | #65 |
| deficiency induced | #65 |
| female flumazenil | #65 |
| butyrylcholinesterases | #65 |
| brain cell death | #65 |
| symptoms addition | #65 |
| 13cnmr | #66 |
| gaba animals | #66 |
| increases brain | #66 |
| putative endogenous ligands | #66 |
| isethionic | #66 |
| ataxia patients | #66 |
| uptake cultured | #66 |
| mice sodium | #66 |
| brain water | #66 |
| tyrosine content | #67 |
| brain 24 | #67 |
| lactate increase | #67 |
| brain patients | #67 |
| ascorbate synthesis | #67 |
| αmethylptyrosine | #67 |
| erythrocyte transketolase | #67 |
| cerebral energy metabolism | #67 |
| humans korsakoff | #67 |
| indian national | #68 |
| glutamate transporter glast | #68 |
| serotonin transport | #68 |
| reduction ammonia | #68 |
| selective reductions | #68 |
| benzodiazepine receptor ligands | #68 |
| decreased concentrations | #68 |
| decreased removal | #69 |
| osmotic effects | #69 |
| drug repositioning humans | #69 |
| rats sham operation | #69 |
| processing product | #69 |
| unleaded gasoline | #69 |
| active removal | #69 |
| hepatoprotection | #69 |
| substance rats | #69 |
| attenuation effects | #69 |
| bergmann glial | #70 |
| glutamic acid hippocampus | #70 |
| m1 sites | #70 |
| cortex caudate | #70 |
| electronic manual searches | #70 |
| reduces brain | #70 |
| animals benzodiazepines | #71 |
| alloxan diabetes | #71 |
| glutamates glutamic | #71 |
| shunting | #71 |
| carbamoyltransferase | #71 |
| failure animals | #71 |
| medium concentrations | #71 |
| cortex increased | #72 |
| agematched control subjects | #72 |
| gabaa tomography | #72 |
| glutamine brain | #72 |
| hyperammonemia male | #72 |
| brain allopregnanolone | #72 |
| common inborn error | #72 |
| concentration norepinephrine | #72 |
| organic aciduria | #72 |
| cerebroprotective effects | #73 |
| thiamine treatment | #73 |
| onset neurological | #73 |
| alterations mitochondrial function | #73 |
| pse patients | #73 |
| sites observed | #73 |
| astrocyte swelling | #73 |
| hippocampal ca1 subfield | #73 |
| homologous structures | #73 |
| ro15 | #73 |
| glutamine glutamate | #73 |
| mechanisms involving | #74 |
| cortex chromatography | #74 |
| astrocytes brain | #74 |
| glutamic | #74 |
| bath concentration | #74 |
| gaba steroids | #74 |
| decrease brain | #74 |
| brain content | #74 |
| thiamine transport | #75 |
| expression glial | #75 |
| superfused slices | #75 |
| acids hepatic | #75 |
| nature distribution | #75 |
| cerebral cortex patients | #75 |
| severe neurological impairment | #75 |
| fully elucidated | #75 |
| normal limits | #75 |
| transporter eaat3 | #76 |
| glutamate binding | #76 |
| receptors gaba | #76 |
| gaba glutamine | #76 |
| direct toxic effects | #76 |
| larginine uptake | #76 |
| receptors studied | #76 |
| cirrhosis brain | #76 |
| millimolar range | #77 |
| brain skeletal muscle | #77 |
| glutamate concentration | #77 |
| glycine concentrations | #77 |
| metabolite acetaldehyde | #77 |
| alcoholic patients cirrhosis | #77 |
| muscle acute | #77 |
| brain glucose metabolism | #78 |
| muscle glutamine | #78 |
| function hepatic | #78 |
| interatomic bonds | #78 |
| lnitroarginine methyl ester | #78 |
| oxide liver | #78 |
| nnos protein | #78 |
| benzodiazepines binding | #78 |
| thiamine triphosphate | #79 |
| semiquantitative rtpcr | #79 |
| taming | #79 |
| methylcyclopentadienyl | #79 |
| excited ground states | #79 |
| deep coma | #79 |
| previous reports | #79 |
| metabolism brain | #79 |
| cns function | #79 |
| hepatic energy | #79 |
| l‐carnitine | #79 |
| neuronally | #79 |
| medullapons | #80 |
| quantitative autoradiographic | #80 |
| cresyl violet staining | #80 |
| encephalopathy treatment | #80 |
| gaba benzodiazepine | #80 |
| failure nitric | #80 |
| emerging therapeutic target | #80 |
| expression glutamate | #80 |
| pathogenesis animals | #80 |
| neurosteroid biosynthesis | #80 |
| maximal binding | #80 |
| muscle ammonia | #81 |
| astrocyte morphology | #81 |
| 85 mmol | #81 |
| glutamine astrocytes | #81 |
| study sections | #81 |
| molecular neurobiology | #81 |
| controls increased | #81 |
| chaired | #82 |
| agents receptors | #82 |
| receptor regions | #82 |
| brain extracellular | #82 |
| lcarnitine administration | #82 |
| shortchain acylcoa dehydrogenase | #82 |
| glutamate nitric | #82 |
| ethanol preference | #83 |
| 3hro15 | #83 |
| glutamate brain | #83 |
| tca cycle flux | #83 |
| proposed explain | #83 |
| treatment thiamine | #83 |
| 3hflumazenil | #84 |
| aom induced | #84 |
| measured brain | #84 |
| patients decreases | #84 |
| elevated ammonia | #84 |
| water channel protein | #84 |
| pathophysiologic basis | #84 |
| pbgd | #84 |
| devascularization | #84 |
| cerebral cortex striatum | #84 |
| 5ht turnover | #85 |
| arga | #85 |
| decreased ca2 | #85 |
| ammonia patients | #85 |
| concomitant decrease | #85 |
| maoa maob | #85 |
| urea cycle enzymes | #85 |
| 3hgammaaminobutyric acid | #85 |
| increase brain | #85 |
| role glutamine | #85 |
| glutamate amino | #86 |
| release synaptic | #86 |
| central muscarinic | #86 |
| wilsonian | #87 |
| rats sacrificed | #87 |
| spraguedawley statistics | #87 |
| complication cirrhosis | #88 |
| csf lactate | #88 |
| 52 mmol | #88 |
| concomitantly | #88 |
| benzodiazepines brain | #88 |
| tissue brain | #88 |
| selective vulnerability | #88 |
| brain binding | #88 |
| undoubtedly | #89 |
| sham operations | #89 |
| role human diseases | #89 |
| exposure ammonia | #89 |
| prior onset | #89 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy opca | #89 |
| brain regions rats | #89 |
| edema cerebral | #89 |
| alpha ketoglutarate | #89 |
| caudate nuclei | #89 |
| patients alf | #90 |
| rats species | #90 |
| receptor ligand | #90 |
| encephalopathy ohe | #90 |
| glutamatemediated excitotoxicity | #90 |
| lactate increased | #90 |
| monoamine neurotransmitters | #91 |
| reduced brain | #91 |
| bcaa concentrations | #91 |
| gaba modulators | #91 |
| neuroinflammatory response | #92 |
| amino acids brain | #92 |
| enzymopathies | #92 |
| altered protein expression | #92 |
| leucine concentrations | #92 |
| bckdh | #92 |
| induced alf | #93 |
| widespread damage | #93 |
| acid liver | #93 |
| congenital deficiencies | #93 |
| brain kidney | #94 |
| increases extracellular | #94 |
| brain compared | #94 |
| thiamin diphosphate | #94 |
| manganese poisoning | #94 |
| mri intensity | #94 |
| neuronal loss | #94 |
| ammonia accumulation | #95 |
| glutamine synthetase expression | #95 |
| benzodiazepines treatment | #95 |
| inhibitory neurotransmission | #95 |
| acetate administration | #95 |
| induced stereotyped | #95 |
| patients liver failure | #95 |
| discrete areas | #96 |
| skeletal muscle brain | #96 |
| ornithine phenylacetate | #96 |
| βlipotropin | #96 |
| 16 mmol | #96 |
| astrocytic function | #96 |
| ammonia release | #97 |
| brain vivo | #97 |
| brain cytokine | #97 |
| covert hepatic encephalopathy | #97 |
| astrocytes neurons | #97 |
| molecules brain | #97 |
| acrylamides animals | #98 |
| carbamoyltransferase ornithine | #98 |
| glycine transporters | #98 |
| hepatocerebral degeneration | #98 |
| dehydroascorbic acid | #98 |
| glutamate glutamine | #98 |
| dorsal tegmental nucleus | #98 |
| thiamine diphosphate | #98 |
| receptors increased | #98 |
| walking gait | #99 |
| stress ammonia | #99 |
| 3045 | #99 |
| examination role | #99 |
| aspartate levels | #100 |
| symptomatic stage | #100 |
| fatigue impact scale | #100 |
| commonly encountered | #100 |
| inhibitory amino acids | #101 |
| proinflammatory | #101 |
| pressure liver | #101 |
| increases levels | #101 |
| animal hypothermia | #101 |
| temporal cortex | #101 |
| treatment complications | #102 |
| brain barrier breakdown | #102 |
| lcarnitine | #102 |
| synergistic mechanisms | #102 |
| neurological symptoms patients | #102 |
| microdialysis rats | #102 |
| levels dheas | #102 |
| cerebral cortex cerebellum | #102 |
| tk activity | #102 |
| collisional deactivation | #103 |
| benzodiazepine receptor | #103 |
| brain levels | #103 |
| controls cirrhotic patients | #103 |
| brain extracellular space | #103 |
| removal ammonia | #103 |
| experimental animal models | #104 |
| label incorporation | #104 |
| cerebral oxidative metabolism | #104 |
| 90 loss | #104 |
| regional distribution | #104 |
| thiamine monophosphate | #104 |
| methylspiperone | #104 |
| neurological consequences | #105 |
| m3 exposure | #105 |
| loss cholinergic | #105 |
| experimental models | #105 |
| transporter glt1 | #105 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #105 |
| fatigue severity | #105 |
| receptors brain | #105 |
| toxic liver injury | #106 |
| complication liver | #106 |
| 3h8ohdpat | #107 |
| receptors rats | #107 |
| concentrations serotonin | #107 |
| gaba content | #108 |
| monoamines | #108 |
| dopaminergic dysfunction | #108 |
| characteristic alterations | #108 |
| sham operated controls | #108 |
| current theories | #108 |
| disease hepatic | #109 |
| symptomatic animals | #109 |
| glutamate plasma | #109 |
| t1weighted magnetic resonance | #109 |
| ldeprenyl | #109 |
| glutamates humans | #110 |
| deficiency humans | #110 |
| rats hepatic | #110 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms | #110 |
| azoxymethane aom | #110 |
| 3hnisoxetine | #110 |
| reye syndrome | #111 |
| enzymes brain | #111 |
| glt1 glast | #111 |
| evidence role | #112 |
| 3alpha5alpha | #112 |
| midbrain striatum | #113 |
| lymphocytes rats | #113 |
| metabolic block | #113 |
| expression testis | #113 |
| brain preparations | #113 |
| ligated rats | #113 |
| glutamate synaptic | #113 |
| activities | #113 |
| hypertension liver | #113 |
| rat astrocytes | #114 |
| 57 reduction | #114 |
| nutritional management | #114 |
| radioenzymatic assay | #114 |
| fco | #114 |
| nmda receptor expression | #115 |
| experimental animals | #115 |
| brain dogs | #115 |
| 3hmepyramine | #116 |
| mammillary body | #116 |
| gabaa gabaergic | #116 |
| decreased synthesis | #116 |
| pallidum putamen | #116 |
| cholinergic deficit | #117 |
| tips procedure | #117 |
| friedreich ataxia patients | #117 |
| growing body | #117 |
| opioid brain | #117 |
| controls plasma levels | #117 |
| cortex alzheimer | #117 |
| myelin synthesis | #118 |
| albumin dialysis | #118 |
| arginine deficiency | #118 |
| mechanism ammonia | #118 |
| brain dopamine | #118 |
| cirrhotic | #118 |
| amine levels | #118 |
| allopregnanolone | #118 |
| cerebral energy | #119 |
| site densities | #119 |
| opioid beta | #119 |
| hydroxylating | #119 |
| apapinduced | #119 |
| patients fatty liver | #119 |
| nervous dysfunction | #119 |
| pathologic manifestations | #119 |
| genes coding | #120 |
| frontal cortex | #120 |
| ouabain induced | #120 |
| balb cbyj mice | #120 |
| glutamates | #120 |
| 3hketanserin | #121 |
| mechanisms pathogenesis | #121 |
| pugh score | #121 |
| monoamine oxidaseb | #121 |
| copper manganese | #121 |
| brain evidence | #122 |
| unleaded | #122 |
| nuclear signal | #122 |
| brain enzyme | #122 |
| complex activities | #122 |
| rat brain synaptosomes | #122 |
| bergmann glia | #122 |
| implicated | #123 |
| selective damage | #123 |
| beneficial patients | #123 |
| normal human brains | #123 |
| modulatory site | #124 |
| asterixis | #124 |
| newborn astrocytes cells | #124 |
| gene expression brain | #124 |
| icp cbf | #125 |
| ammonia control | #125 |
| striatum cerebellum | #125 |
| neurological signs | #125 |
| synthase nitroarginine | #126 |
| 11cpk11195 | #126 |
| role ammonia | #126 |
| brain male | #126 |
| ornithine aminotransferase | #126 |
| glt1 | #126 |
| ol20 | #126 |
| ala2mephe4met0ol | #126 |
| high‐affinity | #127 |
| neuronal cell | #128 |
| taurine uptake | #128 |
| cytokines brain | #128 |
| proteins nitric | #128 |
| cox2 immunoreactivity | #129 |
| patients friedreichs ataxia | #129 |
| glutamate concentrations | #129 |
| neurochemical mechanisms | #129 |
| chronic alcoholic patients | #129 |
| blood ethanol levels | #130 |
| unanesthetized dogs | #130 |
| agonist action | #130 |
| spontaneous activities | #130 |
| cox2 levels | #130 |
| primary deficit | #131 |
| llactate dehydrogenase | #131 |
| observed brain | #131 |
| ammonia levels | #131 |
| hepatic abnormalities | #132 |
| taurine release | #132 |
| carnitine administration | #132 |
| blood ammonia | #132 |
| continuous supply | #132 |
| animals azoxymethane | #132 |
| nacetyl cysteine | #133 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase | #133 |
| ischemia rat | #133 |
| site human | #133 |
| α ketoglutarate | #133 |
| friedreich | #133 |
| factor pathogenesis | #133 |
| manganese neurotoxicity | #133 |
| brain glial | #134 |
| lactate accumulation | #134 |
| exposure manganese | #135 |
| endogenous amino acids | #135 |
| kidney skeletal muscle | #135 |
| concentrations gaba | #135 |
| models acute | #135 |
| impact treatments | #136 |
| acid ammonia | #137 |
| pregnenolone rats | #137 |
| 3hcitalopram | #137 |
| psychometric testing | #137 |
| manganese toxicity | #137 |
| increased intracranial pressure | #137 |
| function addition | #137 |
| release glutamate | #137 |
| inherited ataxias | #138 |
| neuropsychiatric complications | #138 |
| spinocerebellar degeneration | #138 |
| tracer doses | #139 |
| cycle enzyme | #139 |
| lornithine | #139 |
| chatpositive neurons | #139 |
| nanomolar affinity | #139 |
| cerebral herniation | #139 |
| glutamine alanine | #139 |
| disorder animals | #139 |
| −70°c | #139 |
| patients friedreich | #140 |
| nutritional recommendations | #140 |
| dehydrogenase pdh | #141 |
| nonbenzodiazepine | #141 |
| cortex male | #141 |
| concentrations nacl | #141 |
| aminobutyric acid | #141 |
| cbyj | #142 |
| huntingtons chorea | #142 |
| cerebellar ataxias | #142 |
| development hepatic | #142 |
| alcoholic nonalcoholic | #142 |
| humans isoquinolines | #142 |
| gaba synaptic | #142 |
| serotonin precursor | #143 |
| monoamine oxidasea | #143 |
| diminished activity | #143 |
| brain glucose uptake | #143 |
| lactate alanine | #143 |
| hypothermia induced | #143 |
| alternative site | #143 |
| ornithine carbamoyltransferase | #144 |
| brain gaba | #144 |
| taurine content | #144 |
| allosteric agonists | #144 |
| glutamateglutamine | #144 |
| delayed myelination | #144 |
| dopamine metabolism | #144 |
| selective brain | #144 |
| insulin hypoglycaemia | #144 |
| inferior olivary nucleus | #145 |
| cerebral microdialysis | #145 |
| hyperglycemic rats | #145 |
| brain tissue | #145 |
| brain hypothermia | #146 |
| brain peripheral tissues | #146 |
| receptormediated responses | #146 |
| glucose load | #146 |
| relation degree | #146 |
| comparable degree | #147 |
| increase presence | #147 |
| lateral vestibular | #147 |
| rapid filtration | #147 |
| animals brain | #148 |
| energy failure | #148 |
| lactate brain | #148 |
| glutamate neurons | #149 |
| ohe | #149 |
| diazepam binding inhibitor | #149 |
| neurosteroids | #149 |
| western cells rats | #149 |
| coa acetyl | #149 |
| cirrhosis hepatic | #149 |
| acetyllcarnitine | #149 |
| metabolic impairments | #150 |
| consumption ethanol | #150 |
| probenecid rats | #150 |
| failure studies | #150 |
| zo2 | #151 |
| fatigue scores | #151 |
| progesterone metabolites | #151 |
| female friedreich | #151 |
| patient tissue | #151 |
| animals astrocytes | #151 |
| protein tyrosine nitration | #151 |
| beta actin | #152 |
| patients hepatic encephalopathy | #152 |
| selective neuronal death | #152 |
| increased synthesis | #153 |
| inhibition binding | #153 |
| testis brain | #153 |
| concentrations amino | #153 |
| transporter protein | #154 |
| alcoholism brain | #154 |
| impaired brain | #154 |
| tight junction proteins | #154 |
| increased cerebral | #155 |
| 15 1788 | #155 |
| ammonia ligase | #156 |
| brain cerebrospinal | #156 |
| experimental male rats | #156 |
| protein acute | #157 |
| 1788 | #157 |
| radioenzymatic | #157 |
| neuroactive | #157 |
| affinity uptake | #157 |
| dimethadione | #158 |
| korsakoff syndrome | #158 |
| ethanol day | #158 |
| water brain | #159 |
| nitrosative | #159 |
| glt1 expression | #159 |
| prominent increase | #159 |
| increased 5 | #159 |
| gfap expression | #159 |
| brain dysfunction | #160 |
| 3methoxytyramine | #160 |
| glutamate ampa | #160 |
| groups responses | #160 |
| astrocytosis | #160 |
| reaction ammonia | #161 |
| expression hepatic | #161 |
| diphosphatase | #161 |
| gfap mrna | #161 |
| neuropathologically | #161 |
| synaptosomal uptake | #162 |
| homogenates | #162 |
| increased stimulation | #162 |
| perivenous | #162 |
| mercaptans | #162 |
| vicious cycle | #163 |
| affinity transport | #163 |
| rats nitric | #163 |
| neurological evaluation | #163 |
| transketolase | #164 |
| increased degradation | #164 |
| glutamine production | #164 |
| mice acetaminophen | #164 |
| manganese concentrations | #164 |
| victor | #165 |
| human alcoholics | #165 |
| regions levels | #166 |
| glast | #166 |
| extracellular concentrations | #166 |
| bergmann glial cells | #166 |
| brain energy metabolism | #166 |
| increased csf | #167 |
| male manganese | #167 |
| benzodiazepine | #167 |
| increased cerebrospinal | #167 |
| dansyl chloride | #167 |
| severe signs | #167 |
| aids aidsrelated complex | #167 |
| neurotransmitter | #167 |
| neurotoxic compounds | #168 |
| surgical models | #168 |
| deficiency liver | #168 |
| malateaspartate shuttle | #169 |
| precise role | #169 |
| strains spectrometry | #170 |
| monophosphatase | #170 |
| increase pge2 | #171 |
| acetaminophen acetylcysteine | #171 |
| complications liver | #171 |
| medial geniculate nucleus | #171 |
| elevated activities | #171 |
| transport brain | #172 |
| terms relationship | #172 |
| ketoglutarate | #172 |
| early increases | #172 |
| apap administration | #172 |
| expression alpha1 | #172 |
| rats protective | #173 |
| protein gfap | #174 |
| complex pyruvate | #174 |
| brain energy | #175 |
| taurine concentrations | #175 |
| dehydroascorbic | #175 |
| synergistic actions | #175 |
| chain amino | #175 |
| binding calcium | #175 |
| stereotyped behavior | #175 |
| gfap immunoreactivity | #176 |
| guanidino compounds | #177 |
| eaat4 | #178 |
| neurological dysfunction | #178 |
| neurological complications | #178 |
| fine motor function | #179 |
| patients plasma levels | #179 |
| rats csf | #180 |
| serotonin 5hydroxytryptamine | #180 |
| symptoms including | #180 |
| brain monoamine | #180 |
| autoradiography binding | #181 |
| brain concentration | #181 |
| 3hflunitrazepam | #181 |
| experimental hepatic | #181 |
| biochemical consequences | #182 |
| accumulation brain | #182 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate | #182 |
| dheas dhea | #182 |
| competitive brain | #183 |
| neuropsychiatric | #183 |
| patients mhe | #183 |
| animals antimetabolites | #184 |
| nnos mrna | #184 |
| nutritional consequences | #184 |
| branchedchain amino acids | #185 |
| glast glt1 | #185 |
| neurological disorder | #185 |
| amphetamine apomorphine | #185 |
| fluorescence analysis | #185 |
| mm kcl | #186 |
| expression occludin | #187 |
| spraguedawley serotonin | #187 |
| sequellae | #187 |
| stress pathogenesis | #187 |
| controls regions | #187 |
| otc | #188 |
| compared sham | #188 |
| dehydrogenase complex | #188 |
| pcr ratio | #188 |
| alcar | #188 |
| cb154 | #188 |
| dawley serotonin | #188 |
| vasogenic brain edema | #189 |
| rat cerebellum | #189 |
| highaffinity uptake | #189 |
| aminobutyric | #190 |
| agonist properties | #190 |
| dopamine turnover | #191 |
| specific ligand | #192 |
| pregnanolone | #192 |
| aged ammonia | #192 |
| studies alterations | #193 |
| pavlov | #194 |
| righting reflex | #194 |
| patient material | #194 |
| gilles tourettes syndrome | #194 |
| limited therapeutic | #195 |
| of3h | #195 |
| patients immunohistochemistry | #195 |
| gamma aminobutyric | #195 |
| intracellular receptors | #196 |
| tissue patients | #197 |
| mice acute | #197 |
| expression tight | #197 |
| manganese compounds | #198 |
| astrocyte function | #198 |
| unaltered | #198 |
| guanidino | #198 |
| mrna protein expression | #198 |
| concomitant loss | #198 |
| thalamus hippocampus | #199 |
| mitochondria neurons | #200 |
| 35 degrees | #200 |
| etiology patients | #200 |
| glutamatergic synaptic | #200 |
| experimental chronic | #200 |
| noradrenaline transporter | #200 |
| substitutive | #200 |
| synthetase expression | #201 |
| highest density | #201 |
| brainstem structures | #201 |
| csf concentrations | #201 |
| equal | #202 |
| translation clinic | #202 |
| cerebral glucose utilization | #202 |
| activation brain | #202 |
| severity liver disease | #202 |
| activities increased | #203 |
| therapeutic interventions | #203 |
| vitro receptor | #203 |
| benzodiazepine binding | #204 |
| chronic alcohol abuse | #204 |
| cns dysfunction | #205 |
| ketone oxidoreductases | #205 |
| grc | #206 |
| trials low risk | #206 |
| cuznsod | #206 |
| poor nutrition | #206 |
| manganism | #206 |
| ldh5 | #207 |
| ldh1 | #207 |
| central noradrenergic | #207 |
| astrocytic response | #209 |
| laboratory rat | #209 |
| immunohistochemistry messenger receptors | #209 |
| neuropathological studies | #209 |
| bergmann | #210 |
| overt hepatic | #210 |
| uptake pattern | #210 |
| ethanol increased | #210 |
| concomitant increase | #210 |
| millimolar concentrations | #211 |
| histopathological studies | #212 |
| laspartate | #212 |
| cns gaba | #212 |
| brain structures | #212 |
| patients liver dysfunction | #212 |
| isoquinolines male | #212 |
| cerebellum striatum | #213 |
| address issue | #214 |
| plasma ammonia | #214 |
| gabaa receptor agonist | #214 |
| patients died | #214 |
| 3h8 | #215 |
| role pathogenesis | #215 |
| glutamine cycle | #216 |
| failure mice | #216 |
| nitrite nitrate levels | #216 |
| key factor | #216 |
| animals liver | #216 |
| noradrenergic function | #217 |
| bbb breakdown | #217 |
| glutamine synthetase activity | #217 |
| cultured rat astrocytes | #218 |
| 3hro | #219 |
| taurine animals | #219 |
| thiamine vitamin | #219 |
| inbred strains spectrometry | #220 |
| new therapeutic opportunities | #221 |
| excitatory neurotransmitters | #221 |
| agonal | #221 |
| glutamate exposure | #221 |
| level severity | #222 |
| 3 post | #222 |
| terry | #223 |
| deficient animals | #224 |
| death mechanisms | #224 |
| cyclase sgc | #225 |
| vulnerable period | #226 |
| 2 quality | #226 |
| gaba receptor | #227 |
| hepatic microcirculation | #228 |
| exposure inhalation | #228 |
| gaba cns | #228 |
| il1beta mrna | #228 |
| animals effects | #229 |
| acute chronic exposure | #229 |
| excitatory transmitter | #229 |
| cortical synaptosomes | #229 |
| opca | #230 |
| cholestatic rats | #230 |
| shunt | #230 |
| muscarinic cholinergic | #230 |
| mk801 treatment | #230 |
| hippocrates | #231 |
| receptor ligands | #231 |
| glutamate excitotoxicity | #231 |
| previous report | #231 |
| extracellular glutamate | #232 |
| rats weeks | #233 |
| increasing evidence | #234 |
| glutamate transport | #234 |
| spraguedawley reference values | #234 |
| increased intracranial | #234 |
| phosphate esters | #235 |
| cau | #235 |
| brain deposition | #235 |
| pair fed | #236 |
| liver injury mice | #236 |
| resonance study | #236 |
| serotonin tryptophan | #237 |
| 3hglutamate | #237 |
| glial proliferation | #238 |
| lc3 lipidation | #238 |
| pdh complex | #238 |
| animals rats | #239 |
| encephalopathy mhe | #239 |
| binding brain | #240 |
| concentrations elevated | #240 |
| reduced glutathione levels | #240 |
| end‐stage liver disease | #240 |
| levels glutamate | #240 |
| multiple systematic reviews | #240 |
| caudate putamen | #241 |
| minimal hepatic | #241 |
| presynaptic neuron | #241 |
| psychoactive medications | #241 |
| nacl kcl | #241 |
| 13cacetate | #242 |
| brain samples | #242 |
| cycle disorders | #242 |
| neurobehavioral | #243 |
| sgc | #243 |
| treatment central | #243 |
| glur2 | #243 |
| manganese concentration | #244 |
| neuronal localization | #244 |
| normal processes | #244 |
| cerebral cortex hippocampus | #244 |
| alf patients | #244 |
| neuronal membrane | #244 |
| hypothalamus hypothalamus | #245 |
| aged monoamine | #245 |
| acids animals | #246 |
| glutamine concentration | #246 |
| tritium animals | #246 |
| bloodbrain barrier breakdown | #246 |
| unchanged | #246 |
| neurologic assessment | #246 |
| soluble guanylate | #247 |
| plasma brain | #247 |
| nonpregnant rats | #247 |
| synaptosomal preparations | #247 |
| hippocampal sclerosis | #248 |
| minimal hepatic encephalopathy | #248 |
| histaminergic | #248 |
| neuroactive steroids | #248 |
| 5 hydroxyindoleacetic | #248 |
| allosteric coupling | #249 |
| betaep | #249 |
| deficient rats | #249 |
| glutamate transporter glt1 | #250 |
| increased expression | #250 |
| synaptic transmission | #250 |
| reactive nitrogen intermediates | #251 |
| findings activation | #251 |
| glutamate gaba | #251 |
| fatigue chronic | #252 |
| gaba uptake | #252 |
| reduced cerebral | #253 |
| symptoms brain | #253 |
| animals aspartic | #253 |
| focal loss | #254 |
| rats taurine | #255 |
| watersoluble vitamins | #256 |
| rat cerebellar | #256 |
| brain caudate | #256 |
| alterations expression | #257 |
| brain disorder | #257 |
| therapeutic measures | #257 |
| norepinephrine turnover | #257 |
| soluble guanylate cyclase | #257 |
| 4513 | #257 |
| mhe | #258 |
| pallidum | #258 |
| animals ataxia | #258 |
| – brain | #259 |
| receptor autoradiography | #259 |
| ed1 | #259 |
| rats time factors | #259 |
| transporters amino | #259 |
| choline acetyltransferase | #259 |
| agents rats | #260 |
| phenylalanine levels | #260 |
| glutamine synthetase | #260 |
| precipitating factors | #260 |
| gene expression alterations | #261 |
| liver liver failure | #261 |
| treatment neurological disorders | #262 |
| liver skeletal muscle | #262 |
| endogenous ligands | #262 |
| binding ligands | #262 |
| neurological impairment | #263 |
| acetyl carnitine | #263 |
| liver testis | #264 |
| alcoholic male | #264 |
| muscle rigidity | #264 |
| concentrations brain | #264 |
| spf | #264 |
| gamma tumor | #264 |
| rats compared | #265 |
| cisterna | #265 |
| calleja | #265 |
| gabaergic neurotransmission | #265 |
| cerebellar pathology | #266 |
| male c57bl6 mice | #267 |
| reactive gliosis | #267 |
| dopamine noradrenaline | #267 |
| dopamine spiperone | #267 |
| electrically stimulated | #268 |
| isoquinolines | #268 |
| protein gene expression | #268 |
| cell volume regulation | #268 |
| contributory | #269 |
| expression nitric | #270 |
| hepatic | #271 |
| sleep abnormalities | #271 |
| female hepatic | #271 |
| octanoic acid | #272 |
| displaceable | #272 |
| microdialysates | #272 |
| brain human | #272 |
| pharmacological manipulation | #272 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #272 |
| brains | #274 |
| neurotransmitter systems | #274 |
| greenwood | #276 |
| normal conditions | #277 |
| expression brain | #277 |
| quin | #277 |
| neuronal cell death | #278 |
| glutamate uptake | #279 |
| gamma liver | #280 |
| tryptamine | #280 |
| national association | #280 |
| neurotoxic action | #280 |
| striatum cerebral cortex | #281 |
| metal toxicity | #281 |
| 14c2 | #281 |
| microassay | #281 |
| intracranial hypertension | #282 |
| gaba levels | #282 |
| guanylate cyclase | #282 |
| glur3 | #283 |
| maoa | #283 |
| behavioural impairment | #284 |
| severe neurological | #284 |
| cortical astrocytes | #284 |
| 3mt | #284 |
| ht release | #285 |
| ucds | #285 |
| concentrations dopamine | #285 |
| nitrated proteins | #285 |
| barrier breakdown | #285 |
| glomerular filtrate | #287 |
| acute hepatic failure | #287 |
| deficiency disorders | #288 |
| acid astrocytes | #289 |
| excitatory amino acids | #289 |
| reduction oxidative stress | #290 |
| apap hepatotoxicity | #290 |
| adult values | #290 |
| azoxymethane | #291 |
| patients fatigue | #292 |
| ligands male | #292 |
| mice cerebral | #292 |
| human liver disease | #292 |
| brain cerebellum | #292 |
| autoradiographic studies | #293 |
| brain regional | #293 |
| effects hypothermia | #293 |
| glutamine | #293 |
| failure rats | #293 |
| concentrations zinc | #293 |
| reduced capacity | #293 |
| blood – | #294 |
| altered expression | #294 |
| induced swelling | #294 |
| odn | #294 |
| substantial increases | #295 |
| synthase expression | #296 |
| betaactin | #297 |
| rats increased | #297 |
| overt hepatic encephalopathy | #300 |
| rats western cells | #300 |
| dawley receptors opioid | #304 |
| groups sham | #304 |
| brain choline | #304 |
| actin mrna | #304 |
| rifamycins rifaximin | #305 |
| cytotoxic mechanism | #306 |
| gamma aminobutyric acid | #306 |
| severe alterations | #306 |
| lnoarg | #306 |
| damaged liver | #306 |
| selection model | #307 |
| 3hsch | #307 |
| glutamate | #307 |
| powerful antioxidant | #307 |
| cerebral function | #308 |
| bioaccumulation | #308 |
| dihydrolipoamide | #308 |
| tight junction protein | #310 |
| molecular biological techniques | #310 |
| serotonin metabolism | #311 |
| gaba taurine | #312 |
| agonists gaba | #312 |
| 4864 | #312 |
| brain genes | #312 |
| treatment rats | #313 |
| rats messenger | #313 |
| male osmolar | #314 |
| secondary biliary cirrhosis | #315 |
| receptors glutamate | #316 |
| brain serotonin | #316 |
| chloride animals | #316 |
| mice mutant | #318 |
| adjacent sections | #318 |
| nitrogen metabolism | #318 |
| mitochondrial proliferation | #319 |
| quantitative autoradiography | #319 |
| basal ganglia patients | #319 |
| humans manganese | #319 |
| rats brain | #320 |
| cultured hippocampal neurons | #320 |
| cell death mechanisms | #320 |
| dehydrogenase activity | #321 |
| tailpipe | #321 |
| eaat3 | #322 |
| 235triphenyltetrazolium chloride | #322 |
| isethionate | #323 |
| aqp4 expression | #324 |
| thalamus | #325 |
| acid 5 | #325 |
| complications outcome | #327 |
| neurochemical studies | #327 |
| decreased brain | #327 |
| nervous function | #327 |
| olivopontocerebellar | #328 |
| 5 hiaa | #328 |
| uptake increased | #329 |
| pathol | #329 |
| cerebellar astrocytes | #330 |
| flumazenil | #330 |
| sites human | #331 |
| β endorphin | #331 |
| aaas | #333 |
| proinflammatory cytokines | #333 |
| locomotor | #333 |
| uptake brain | #333 |
| experimental rat | #334 |
| increased binding | #335 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic | #335 |
| neurotransmitter uptake | #335 |
| 13cglucose | #335 |
| brain accumulation | #336 |
| 8 rats | #336 |
| nitrotyrosine | #337 |
| inhalation exposure | #338 |
| cortex brain | #339 |
| responsible | #339 |
| positive synergistic | #340 |
| transport defect | #340 |
| human hepatic | #341 |
| pdh activity | #341 |
| biological plausibility | #341 |
| mutant rats | #342 |
| cerebral cortical | #342 |
| reyes syndrome | #343 |
| benzodiazepine site | #344 |
| brain 5 | #344 |
| altered mental status | #344 |
| dehydrogenase humans | #345 |
| placebo improvement | #345 |
| dansyl | #346 |
| activation nmda | #346 |
| intraventricularly | #347 |
| vulnerable | #347 |
| control values | #347 |
| acid gaba | #347 |
| marked decreases | #349 |
| bdl rats | #349 |
| pigs groups | #350 |
| increased immunoreactivity | #350 |
| glutamate levels | #350 |
| patients dying | #351 |
| alanine amino | #351 |
| nonalcoholics | #351 |
| cortex cerebellum | #352 |
| consequent increase | #352 |
| manganese | #353 |
| proinflammatory cytokine release | #354 |
| series studies | #354 |
| apapinduced liver injury | #354 |
| consumption rats | #354 |
| western brain | #354 |
| expression increased | #355 |
| duct ligated | #356 |
| thiamine supplementation | #356 |
| brain excitability | #356 |
| complex male | #356 |
| deterioration | #357 |
| receptor sites | #357 |
| 5hiaa | #358 |
| wellestablished model | #358 |
| postmortem brain tissue | #358 |
| convulsions | #359 |
| proposed role | #359 |
| onset brain | #359 |
| increase extracellular | #361 |
| mammalian brain | #361 |
| glutamate homeostasis | #361 |
| autoradiography brain | #362 |
| metabolic events | #363 |
| reduced plasma | #363 |
| neuroinflammatory | #363 |
| histamine h1 | #363 |
| rats cns | #364 |
| expression pglycoprotein | #365 |
| 9998 | #365 |
| acids branched | #366 |
| white matter structures | #366 |
| posttranslational rats rats | #367 |
| neuroglia | #367 |
| folic acid antagonists | #368 |
| methoxytyramine | #369 |
| sulfate dheas | #370 |
| 56 mm | #370 |
| cerebral oedema | #370 |
| sites binding | #371 |
| nacetylcysteine nac | #371 |
| perineuronal | #372 |
| glutamate synthesis | #372 |
| metabolic impairment | #372 |
| chemical forms | #373 |
| affinities | #373 |
| acid rats | #373 |
| encountered | #373 |
| induction cox2 | #373 |
| 3hmk801 | #375 |
| accompanied | #375 |
| astrocytes microglia | #375 |
| ca1 subfield | #376 |
| highaffinity | #376 |
| anaplerotic | #376 |
| antioxidant nacetylcysteine | #377 |
| nh3 nh4 | #377 |
| ngnitro | #378 |
| cirrhosis alcoholic | #378 |
| acetyltransferase chat | #378 |
| novo synthesis | #379 |
| positive allosteric | #380 |
| basal ganglia thalamus | #380 |
| cell swelling | #380 |
| epileptic patients | #382 |
| pons | #382 |
| acute chronic | #382 |
| pregnenolone | #383 |
| overwhelming evidence | #383 |
| densities | #385 |
| exposure brain | #386 |
| dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | #386 |
| transporter glut1 | #386 |
| phenylalanine tyrosine | #388 |
| acetylcholine synthesis | #390 |
| focal cerebral ischemia | #390 |
| cerebral edema | #390 |
| effects administration | #390 |
| hyperglycemic conditions | #390 |
| pbz | #390 |
| pet assessment | #392 |
| mice enos | #393 |
| phthalaldehyde | #394 |
| thioacetamide induced | #394 |
| glycine transporter | #394 |
| phenylacetate | #395 |
| scatchard plot | #395 |
| failure induced | #396 |
| model acute | #396 |
| positive allosteric modulator | #397 |
| carnitine levels | #397 |
| omega 3 | #398 |
| methylhistamines | #399 |
| pathophysiological mechanism | #399 |
| bbb permeability | #399 |
| korsakoff | #400 |
| vestibular nucleus | #400 |
| patients platelets | #400 |
| acetyl coa | #400 |
| frontal | #401 |
| insulin metabolism | #401 |
| inferior olive | #402 |
| falls patients | #402 |
| radioligands | #403 |
| rats purpose | #405 |
| concerted effort | #407 |
| liver gut | #407 |
| marker enzymes | #408 |
| methionine sulfoximine | #408 |
| neuropathologic | #408 |
| releasable | #410 |
| adult activities | #412 |
| dopaminergic neurones | #414 |
| shunt surgery | #415 |
| patients ataxia | #416 |
| forebrain cholinergic | #416 |
| ketamine anesthesia | #417 |
| gabaa gammaaminobutyric acid | #418 |
| pk11195 | #419 |
| intellectual function | #419 |
| alcoholic liver | #421 |
| fibrillary | #421 |
| serotonin content | #422 |
| regions brain | #423 |
| asparagine | #423 |
| rats animal | #423 |
| housekeeping gene | #423 |
| sham operation | #423 |
| hypothermia | #424 |
| diazepam binding | #424 |
| tissues brain | #425 |
| salinetreated controls | #425 |
| binding parameters | #426 |
| aidsrelated complex | #426 |
| direct evidence | #426 |
| exsanguination | #427 |
| rats mutant | #428 |
| hepatocyte necrosis | #430 |
| glutamine levels | #431 |
| protein utilization | #431 |
| sacrificed | #432 |
| dawley tissue | #434 |
| hippocampus frontal cortex | #434 |
| onset severe | #434 |
| peripheral benzodiazepine | #434 |
| rats experimental | #435 |
| patients pbc | #437 |
| cytotoxic edema | #437 |
| 12 control subjects | #438 |
| benzoate | #438 |
| addition evidence | #439 |
| isoquinoline | #440 |
| ligand selectivity | #440 |
| central process | #441 |
| attenuates | #441 |
| acids brain | #442 |
| neurological syndrome | #442 |
| brain microglia | #443 |
| brain glucose | #443 |
| 13c enrichment | #443 |
| patients encephalopathy | #443 |
| arginine transport | #443 |
| cultured astrocytes | #444 |
| glyt1 | #444 |
| operated | #445 |
| cultured cerebellar | #445 |
| compounds rats | #446 |
| butterworth | #446 |
| brain water content | #447 |
| pyruvate dehydrogenase | #450 |
| topographic distribution | #450 |
| agematched controls | #450 |
| liver skeletal | #450 |
| effects liver | #451 |
| brain tissue patients | #451 |
| acute mice mice | #451 |
| t1weighted mri | #453 |
| severe liver | #454 |
| central pontine myelinolysis | #455 |
| aged amino | #455 |
| s100beta | #455 |
| immunohistochemistry liver | #455 |
| brain swelling | #456 |
| parachlorophenylalanine | #456 |
| h1 receptor | #456 |
| body evidence | #456 |
| aspartic | #457 |
| impaired liver function | #457 |
| vitro binding assay | #457 |
| brain monoamines | #458 |
| neurobiology | #460 |
| effects brain | #460 |
| brain alterations | #460 |
| increased release | #461 |
| neuropathology | #462 |
| 5ht levels | #463 |
| equivocal | #463 |
| substantial body | #463 |
| neurological | #465 |
| dentate nuclei | #466 |
| hepatic glutathione | #466 |
| neurobehavioural | #467 |
| studies reveal | #468 |
| central cholinergic | #469 |
| glutamic acid | #469 |
| reye | #470 |
| amino acid levels | #471 |
| monoamine metabolism | #471 |
| urea production | #472 |
| patients hippocampal | #473 |
| alcoholic liver disease | #473 |
| putamen patients | #474 |
| gaba glycine | #475 |
| liver dysfunction | #475 |
| glutamate transporters | #475 |
| ox42 | #475 |
| inherited defects | #476 |
| alcohol brain | #477 |
| thiamin | #477 |
| release proinflammatory cytokines | #479 |
| thiamine pyrophosphate | #479 |
| acid humans | #480 |
| amino acid transporters | #480 |
| parkinsons diseases | #481 |
| inferior colliculus | #482 |
| images brain | #482 |
| acute male | #482 |
| chronic alcoholics | #484 |
| brain csf | #484 |
| nitric oxide synthase | #487 |
| triphosphate amino | #488 |
| manganese levels | #488 |
| concentrations increased | #488 |
| acids rats | #490 |
| urea ammonia | #491 |
| multinuclear nmr spectroscopy | #491 |
| jadad | #492 |
| increased production | #492 |
| role brain | #492 |
| glial fibrillary | #492 |
| ischemic cortex | #493 |
| pet ligand | #494 |
| ammonium ion | #495 |
| pyruvates | #495 |
| aspartate glutamate | #495 |
| outer mitochondrial membrane | #495 |
| emitted radiation | #495 |
| hexanones | #496 |
| rat hippocampal | #496 |
| schaffer collaterals | #496 |
| neurons nitric | #499 |
| ataxic | #499 |
| brain diseases | #501 |
| beneficial | #502 |
| brain synaptosomes | #505 |
| 3hd | #505 |
| 5 hydroxytryptophan | #507 |
| ketoacid | #508 |
| acid metabolites | #509 |
| fatal complication | #510 |
| gene therapy treatment | #510 |
| histamine h1 receptors | #511 |
| increased icp | #511 |
| discrete brain regions | #511 |
| medulla oblongata | #511 |
| exposure rats | #515 |
| acids amino | #516 |
| abnormal metabolism | #517 |
| major feature | #517 |
| chain acyl | #518 |
| humans neurons | #518 |
| concentrations 5 | #521 |
| ltrp | #523 |
| neurochemistry | #523 |
| inflammation mediators | #525 |
| toxic agents | #526 |
| brain female | #530 |
| rat hippocampal slices | #530 |
| aom | #531 |
| receptor complex | #533 |
| dawley receptors | #533 |
| agents dopamine | #533 |
| 100 µg | #534 |
| focal cerebral | #534 |
| ligation bdl | #534 |
| muscle loss | #534 |
| neurotoxins | #534 |
| combined actions | #535 |
| cerebellum cerebral | #536 |
| bdz | #537 |
| divalent metals | #538 |
| severe liver disease | #539 |
| carroll | #539 |
| alcoholic cirrhosis | #539 |
| selective | #539 |
| tipss | #540 |
| hydroxymethylbilane | #541 |
| tyrosine nitration | #541 |
| brain astrocytes | #542 |
| moderate drinking | #542 |
| moderate increase | #543 |
| portasystemic | #544 |
| pyruvate oxidation | #544 |
| aspartate | #544 |
| liver enzyme | #545 |
| chronic liver | #545 |
| organic osmolytes | #545 |
| energy metabolism | #546 |
| model hepatic | #547 |
| unanesthetized rats | #548 |
| dissected | #548 |
| nitrosative stress | #548 |
| cumene | #548 |
| unconjugated bilirubin | #549 |
| alpha1 alpha2 | #549 |
| thalamic lesions | #550 |
| taurine levels | #551 |
| brain region | #551 |
| fatigue patients | #553 |
| genes brain | #553 |
| brain cytokines | #554 |
| glutamatergic neurotransmission | #554 |
| water ammonia | #555 |
| increased uptake | #555 |
| nmda receptor antagonist | #556 |
| disease liver | #557 |
| failure liver | #558 |
| rats bile | #558 |
| gabaergic gaba | #563 |
| microdialysate | #563 |
| levels hepatic | #563 |
| cortex female humans | #564 |
| hydroxytryptophan | #564 |
| microglial response | #566 |
| malnutrition patients | #567 |
| serum bilirubin levels | #567 |
| mhe patients | #567 |
| ischemia liver | #568 |
| established role | #568 |
| autoradiographic | #569 |
| lhistidine | #569 |
| transient increase | #569 |
| neurotransmitter glutamate | #571 |
| neurologic signs | #573 |
| pathway brain | #574 |
| gaba | #574 |
| decarboxylase gad | #576 |
| octopamine | #577 |
| outcome liver | #577 |
| apap induced | #578 |
| expression mrnas | #578 |
| il1beta expression | #578 |
| liver pathology | #580 |
| oxobutanoate | #580 |
| biogenic monoamines | #581 |
| increases blood | #582 |
| octanoic | #582 |
| pyridinium compounds | #582 |
| histological lesions | #583 |
| brain metabolism | #583 |
| 5hydroxytryptophan | #584 |
| neurobehavioral effects | #588 |
| monoamine oxidases | #589 |
| edema formation | #589 |
| bloodbrain barrier | #589 |
| human spinal | #590 |
| activity brain | #591 |
| 13c nuclear | #592 |
| accompanying | #593 |
| toxic levels | #593 |
| pathophysiological mechanisms | #594 |
| endogenous opioid | #594 |
| catalytic sites | #594 |
| t1weighted imaging | #597 |
| highenergy phosphates | #598 |
| aminobutyric acid gaba | #599 |
| extracellular fluid | #600 |
| neuronal nitric | #601 |
| leigh disease | #601 |
| neuroglial | #601 |
| include | #601 |
| 3hcholine | #602 |
| taurine | #602 |
| largest increases | #604 |
| methyltyrosines | #606 |
| male nitric | #606 |
| glutamine humans | #607 |
| vermis | #608 |
| extracellular compartment | #608 |
| cirrhosis | #609 |
| molecular studies | #609 |
| acetyl | #609 |
| cortical slices | #610 |
| male metabolism | #610 |
| ventricular enlargement | #612 |
| ammonia concentration | #612 |
| friedreich ataxia | #612 |
| animals autoradiography | #614 |
| neurovascular unit | #615 |
| spraguedawley receptors | #615 |
| microglial | #616 |
| selective accumulation | #616 |
| axonopathy | #616 |
| c57bl6 mice | #618 |
| artery ligation | #618 |
| tricarboxylic | #618 |
| normothermic | #619 |
| increased expression genes | #620 |
| mammillary | #620 |
| acidic protein | #621 |
| junction proteins | #624 |
| controls addition | #624 |
| hippocampal slices | #625 |
| new approaches | #625 |
| oxidase mao | #625 |
| amino acid concentrations | #626 |
| semi quantitative | #626 |
| edema brain | #627 |
| nimesulide | #628 |
| experimental animal model | #628 |
| hepatic levels | #628 |
| dbi | #629 |
| clf | #629 |
| free radical formation | #630 |
| blood borne | #631 |
| neurobehavior | #631 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate dheas | #633 |
| ataxia | #634 |
| contributory role | #635 |
| urea synthesis | #635 |
| dopamine striatum | #635 |
| allosteric interactions | #635 |
| encephalopathies | #636 |
| neurological damage | #637 |
| levels observed | #638 |
| neuroinflammation | #638 |
| astrocyte cultures | #638 |
| harper | #638 |
| cerebellum | #639 |
| conduction velocities | #640 |
| deleterious effects | #640 |
| rats glucose | #641 |
| acid hippocampus | #643 |
| receptor densities | #644 |
| excitatory inhibitory | #645 |
| neuronal excitability | #645 |
| early role | #646 |
| chronic exposure | #647 |
| frontal temporal | #647 |
| nntetraacetic acid | #647 |
| desoxycorticosterone | #652 |
| matsumoto | #652 |
| branched chain | #653 |
| excitatory amino | #653 |
| cytokines tnf | #654 |
| tricarbonyl | #655 |
| gabaa gaba | #656 |
| 1400w | #657 |
| mental state | #657 |
| enos gene | #659 |
| acid transporter | #659 |
| dawley sodium | #661 |
| potential toxic effects | #662 |
| cerebral cortex | #663 |
| uptake release | #664 |
| 3hspiperone | #665 |
| metabolic basis | #665 |
| fibrillary acidic | #666 |
| cycle enzymes | #668 |
| heterogeneous distribution | #669 |
| cogent | #670 |
| minocycline treatment | #673 |
| inhibitory properties | #673 |
| metabolism rats | #675 |
| potassium concentration | #675 |
| 7ni | #678 |
| 7nitroindazole | #679 |
| evoked release | #682 |
| neuropathological | #683 |
| reduction expression | #683 |
| excitatory | #684 |
| millimolar | #684 |
| regional specificity | #684 |
| ornithine | #684 |
| ammonia treatment | #684 |
| gammaaminobutyric acid | #685 |
| frontal cortex hippocampus | #686 |
| cerebral atrophy | #688 |
| spraguedawley | #688 |
| microg m3 | #688 |
| protein tspo | #691 |
| fulminant | #695 |
| brain regions | #695 |
| ca1 pyramidal cells | #695 |
| hepatic damage | #695 |
| acetylcysteine animals | #697 |
| daily administration | #697 |
| synthase nnos | #698 |
| extrapyramidal | #698 |
| enzyme complex | #699 |
| bcaas | #700 |
| brain disorders | #700 |
| immunolabeling | #701 |
| blood‐brain barrier | #701 |
| ammonia production | #703 |
| normoglycemic | #703 |
| autophagy markers | #704 |
| rats dawley receptors | #705 |
| ethanol ingestion | #706 |
| quinolinic | #706 |
| acetylcysteine nac | #709 |
| cornerstone | #711 |
| glut1 expression | #714 |
| cortex rats | #715 |
| reductions | #719 |
| phenylbutyrate | #723 |
| bmax values | #723 |
| surgical samples | #724 |
| 6 day | #724 |
| nutritional status patients | #725 |
| acute hepatic | #726 |
| ketoglutaric | #729 |
| contribute | #730 |
| serotoninergic | #730 |
| expression isoforms | #736 |
| intensive study | #737 |
| piribedil | #740 |
| fluorimetric detection | #741 |
| mm nacl | #742 |
| ligation liver | #744 |
| dopaminergic function | #745 |
| biochemical alterations | #746 |
| cerebellar granule | #746 |
| methylglucose | #747 |
| tight junction | #748 |
| glucose oxidation | #749 |
| male microdialysis | #749 |
| choline acetyltransferase chat | #752 |
| cytochrome oxidase activity | #753 |
| alterations | #754 |
| scatchard analysis | #754 |
| illness terminology | #756 |
| glutamate glu | #757 |
| portasystemic shunt | #757 |
| delta receptors opioid | #758 |
| alcoholism animals | #760 |
| ergic | #761 |
| varying degrees | #762 |
| ammonium chloride | #763 |
| substantial evidence | #763 |
| opioid delta receptors | #764 |
| tryptamines | #764 |
| neutron activation analysis | #765 |
| levels 5 | #768 |
| excitotoxic | #769 |
| normal liver function | #769 |
| gdh | #769 |
| barrier permeability | #770 |
| control genes | #773 |
| newborn astrocytes | #774 |
| peripheral organs | #775 |
| cellular energy metabolism | #776 |
| ethanol consumption | #777 |
| increased blood | #778 |
| brain gene | #780 |
| species reactive | #783 |
| hepatic dysfunction | #783 |
| receptor function | #784 |
| mnsod | #785 |
| cortex thalamus | #785 |
| methods principal findings | #785 |
| messenger rats | #786 |
| glut1 | #786 |
| nakatpase | #787 |
| globus pallidus | #787 |
| early alterations | #789 |
| brain function | #790 |
| major route | #791 |
| probenecid | #791 |
| spraguedawley receptors messenger | #791 |
| glyceraldehyde3 phosphate | #792 |
| 2 fold | #792 |
| specific ligands | #793 |
| hypothermia treatment | #793 |
| rat cerebral | #795 |
| selective effects | #796 |
| typical cases | #796 |
| plasma clearance | #797 |
| ethanol solution | #797 |
| severity liver | #799 |
| neuronal integrity | #799 |
| nitroarginine | #801 |
| pertinence | #805 |
| hiaa | #806 |
| nh4cl | #807 |
| ultimately | #807 |
| neurotoxic effects | #807 |
| pyruvate metabolism | #808 |
| mrna protein | #809 |
| chat | #811 |
| predilection | #812 |
| acute brain injury | #812 |
| role astrocytes | #812 |
| enos mice | #815 |
| update | #816 |
| coma | #816 |
| glycolytic activity | #819 |
| cerebellar granule cells | #820 |
| nmethyldaspartate | #822 |
| pbc patients | #823 |
| eaat1 | #823 |
| iii groups | #824 |
| complete disappearance | #825 |
| pathogenesis treatment | #825 |
| age matched | #826 |
| edema | #826 |
| atomic absorption spectrometry | #828 |
| alzheimer type | #828 |
| nitrite nitrate | #829 |
| synthesis rates | #829 |
| glial | #830 |
| water homeostasis | #831 |
| neurons astrocytes | #831 |
| alcoholics | #832 |
| diseases alcoholic | #832 |
| eaat2 | #833 |
| monoamine | #834 |
| decreases | #835 |
| manifested | #836 |
| operated rats | #837 |
| pathophysiological | #837 |
| explain | #838 |
| amino3 | #838 |
| oligonucleotide primers | #839 |
| animal cell | #839 |
| treatment improvement | #841 |
| metabolic disorder | #842 |
| expression ho1 | #843 |
| cell loss | #845 |
| hypothermia patients | #846 |
| isotopomer | #846 |
| cfos cjun | #848 |
| oblongata | #849 |
| pharmacokinetic analyses | #849 |
| chronic alcohol consumption | #851 |
| gaba receptors | #852 |
| receptor mediated | #853 |
| nmda receptor | #853 |
| matched age | #854 |
| daily injections | #854 |
| consequence | #856 |
| glutamatergic | #856 |
| compromised | #857 |
| bbb integrity | #858 |
| aromatic amino acids | #861 |
| griess | #861 |
| order role | #862 |
| alcoholic | #862 |
| hepatic disease | #862 |
| antioxidant action | #863 |
| continues | #863 |
| inflammatory mechanisms | #866 |
| thalamic nuclei | #866 |
| cerebellar ataxia | #867 |
| early induction | #867 |
| normalizes | #869 |
| manifest | #870 |
| chronic liver disease | #871 |
| oxide rats | #872 |
| fpc | #874 |
| succimer | #877 |
| low risk bias | #880 |
| nmda receptor antagonists | #881 |
| excitatory amino acid | #882 |
| greater susceptibility | #882 |
| barrier bbb | #882 |
| cisterna magna | #882 |
| stimulated release | #887 |
| western cells | #890 |
| dehydrogenase | #890 |
| comatose | #890 |
| shamoperated animals | #891 |
| multinuclear | #891 |
| cultured hippocampal | #892 |
| interfere | #893 |
| nutritional intervention | #893 |
| mutant mouse | #894 |
| lipoamide | #897 |
| neuropsychiatric symptoms | #898 |
| exp | #899 |
| acetaminophen apap | #900 |
| dizocilpine maleate | #901 |
| common death | #901 |
| sulfoximine | #901 |
| cirrhosis pbc | #902 |
| neurons rna | #904 |
| lowering | #904 |
| experimental animal | #905 |
| quinolinic acid | #905 |
| pcs | #907 |
| autopsy brain | #907 |
| brain activities | #908 |
| acid animals | #912 |
| factor tumor | #912 |
| colliculus | #913 |
| selective ligands | #913 |
| pathophysiology | #913 |
| placebo intervention | #919 |
| publication acidosis | #919 |
| cerebellar degeneration | #920 |
| microdialysis study | #920 |
| rat cortical | #922 |
| liver homogenates | #922 |
| delta receptors | #924 |
| survival mice | #926 |
| urea cycle | #929 |
| striatum hippocampus | #930 |
| nacetylcysteine | #931 |
| pugh | #931 |
| findings evidence | #932 |
| microglial activation | #932 |
| hydroxy2di | #933 |
| activities enzymes | #936 |
| hepatic diseases | #942 |
| reaction water | #942 |
| tartrates | #942 |
| developing rat brain | #942 |
| agents oxidative | #943 |
| injured liver | #943 |
| mammalian cns | #943 |
| study liver | #943 |
| rats exposed | #943 |
| marked | #945 |
| rapid removal | #945 |
| pca | #948 |
| maladies | #949 |
| cirrhosis magnetic | #950 |
| 25mm | #951 |
| concentrations observed | #954 |
| spontaneous release | #957 |
| altered | #962 |
| spraguedawley receptors rats | #963 |
| detailed review | #964 |
| assay rats | #967 |
| putamen | #967 |
| humans hypothermia | #969 |
| translocator protein | #969 |
| moderate hypothermia | #970 |
| cerebral glucose | #971 |
| acid transport | #971 |
| intermediary metabolism | #971 |
| increased glycolysis | #971 |
| chronic liver diseases | #971 |
| nm range | #973 |
| autoradiographic study | #974 |
| aspartic acid | #979 |
| kidney heart | #979 |
| post translational modifications | #980 |
| neurological disease | #983 |
| occludin | #984 |
| oxygenase1 ho1 | #988 |
| 9 mice mice | #990 |
| effective measures | #990 |
| pdh | #990 |
| cirrhosis experimental | #991 |
| aquaporin4 | #991 |
| rats ethanol | #992 |
| brain oedema | #992 |
| spared | #993 |
| increased plasma | #993 |
| propylaminotetralin | #998 |
| damage mechanisms | #999 |
| adaptive mechanisms | #1006 |
| role oxidative stress | #1006 |
| flunitrazepam | #1008 |
| soluble guanylyl | #1008 |
| uptake kinetics | #1008 |
| cerebro | #1009 |
| rifaximin | #1009 |
| metabolic consequences | #1010 |
| rat brain | #1012 |
| progressing | #1013 |
| neurotoxic | #1013 |
| modulatory | #1015 |
| presymptomatic | #1015 |
| electrified | #1016 |
| fulminant hepatic | #1016 |
| publication amino acids | #1017 |
| ligands receptors | #1019 |
| animal models | #1020 |
| abundant evidence | #1020 |
| unsuspected | #1020 |
| 1h | #1023 |
| acids bcaa | #1023 |
| pallidus humans | #1024 |
| antioxidant anti | #1029 |
| astrocyte | #1030 |
| metabolism inborn | #1031 |
| tele | #1032 |
| microsomes | #1032 |
| etanercept treatment | #1034 |
| 7 hours | #1036 |
| muscle expression | #1038 |
| catalepsy | #1039 |
| interleukin1beta | #1041 |
| nutritional assessment | #1043 |
| monoamine oxidase | #1045 |
| pharmacology | #1048 |
| acid decarboxylase | #1050 |
| aqp4 | #1050 |
| gabaergic | #1050 |
| caudate nucleus | #1053 |
| major factor | #1053 |
| endogenous | #1055 |
| aquaporin 4 | #1056 |
| hepatolenticular | #1057 |
| specific antagonist | #1057 |
| involved pathogenesis | #1058 |
| synthetase | #1058 |
| adaptive mechanism | #1060 |
| frontoparietal cortex | #1060 |
| oxygenase1 | #1064 |
| gabaa receptors | #1066 |
| progression liver | #1067 |
| 5ht neurons | #1067 |
| sodium acetate | #1072 |
| rat hepatocytes | #1075 |
| efficacy treatment | #1075 |
| reflex | #1077 |
| membrane preparations | #1077 |
| inflammation infection | #1078 |
| glucose blotting | #1080 |
| accompanies | #1081 |
| gilles | #1083 |
| enzyme activities | #1083 |
| 34dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | #1085 |
| nonneuronal | #1086 |
| content increased | #1090 |
| complex carbohydrates | #1092 |
| lactate concentrations | #1092 |
| major players | #1095 |
| muscle brain | #1097 |
| radioligand assay | #1098 |
| awaiting | #1099 |
| intense staining | #1099 |
| rat primary | #1101 |
| baptaam | #1102 |
| normal physiological conditions | #1106 |
| tpp | #1107 |
| cell culture studies | #1107 |
| junction protein | #1108 |
| medial septum | #1109 |
| 5 mm | #1111 |
| hyperintensity | #1111 |
| assay receptors | #1113 |
| human brain tissue | #1116 |
| inflammation role | #1117 |
| patients alzheimers disease | #1117 |
| cirrhotics | #1118 |
| severe malnutrition | #1122 |
| atrophy brain | #1122 |
| ischemic core | #1127 |
| sprague | #1128 |
| findings role | #1129 |
| cirrhosis male | #1129 |
| astrocytes | #1130 |
| transient elevation | #1131 |
| amino acids | #1134 |
| tetrabenazine | #1135 |
| weight brain | #1137 |
| age controls | #1138 |
| diagonal band | #1139 |
| haloperidol humans | #1142 |
| oxide synthase | #1143 |
| receptors histamine | #1145 |
| hepatobiliary | #1146 |
| pyruvate | #1148 |
| nonepileptic | #1153 |
| worsens | #1153 |
| lactic acidosis | #1153 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate | #1154 |
| control tissue | #1157 |
| altered brain | #1162 |
| biogenic amines | #1163 |
| cresyl | #1166 |
| portosystemic | #1167 |
| h1 | #1168 |
| benzilate | #1171 |
| combustion products | #1172 |
| emax | #1173 |
| enzymologic | #1174 |
| lactate | #1177 |
| etanercept | #1179 |
| rats subjected | #1180 |
| parkinsonian symptoms | #1181 |
| peripheral tissues | #1182 |
| glutamate dehydrogenase | #1182 |
| nerve conduction | #1183 |
| nnos | #1185 |
| rats receptors | #1185 |
| urine levels | #1186 |
| principally | #1189 |
| mechanisms involved | #1191 |
| cardinal features | #1192 |
| synaptic cleft | #1192 |
| hyperintensities | #1193 |
| delta opioid | #1196 |
| causal factor | #1197 |
| rapid onset | #1198 |
| gabaa receptor | #1199 |
| transcriptase polymerase | #1201 |
| venous blood | #1204 |
| dawley | #1205 |
| dopamine uptake | #1205 |
| death cells | #1207 |
| acetyl cysteine | #1207 |
| hepatolenticular degeneration | #1209 |
| development brain | #1211 |
| increasing body | #1214 |
| direct effects | #1216 |
| stereotypy | #1218 |
| brains mice | #1220 |
| binding inhibitor | #1220 |
| radiometric | #1220 |
| pig model | #1221 |
| 5htp | #1222 |
| nmethyld | #1223 |
| fold increase | #1224 |
| neuropsychological impairment | #1226 |
| skeletal rats rats | #1226 |
| mitochondrial swelling | #1228 |
| deprenyl | #1229 |
| wilson disease | #1229 |
| transjugular | #1229 |
| 100 iu | #1232 |
| cultured rat | #1234 |
| circadian rhythmicity | #1234 |
| severity assessment | #1234 |
| hippocampus vitro | #1236 |
| spraguedawley receptors opioid | #1239 |
| nakatpase activity | #1239 |
| hyperexcitability | #1239 |
| congenitally | #1241 |
| hypermetabolism | #1242 |
| glyceraldehyde3 | #1242 |
| brain axis | #1246 |
| partial recovery | #1251 |
| elucidation | #1252 |
| kinetics male | #1253 |
| receptors neurotransmitter | #1254 |
| sprague dawley | #1255 |
| convincing evidence | #1258 |
| methyl aspartate | #1259 |
| gabaa | #1260 |
| 5hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #1261 |
| albumen | #1261 |
| acetylcysteine | #1262 |
| hippocampus striatum | #1262 |
| clinical entities | #1262 |
| myoinositol | #1264 |
| overactivation | #1270 |
| 1h 13c | #1271 |
| astroglial | #1271 |
| olfactory bulbs | #1273 |
| maleate | #1276 |
| rats expression | #1276 |
| milligram | #1281 |
| apoenzyme | #1281 |
| congenital | #1281 |
| vicious | #1281 |
| variable degree | #1282 |
| glutamate decarboxylase | #1287 |
| patients tle | #1288 |
| loss expression | #1288 |
| induced inhibition | #1289 |
| brain inflammation | #1290 |
| acid male | #1291 |
| metabolite | #1291 |
| acid cycle | #1291 |
| cortex kidney | #1292 |
| quisqualate | #1294 |
| ischemia cerebral | #1295 |
| rifamycins | #1296 |
| radioreceptor | #1296 |
| dawley animals | #1297 |
| protective | #1297 |
| deficient | #1297 |
| zinc concentrations | #1300 |
| permeability blood | #1301 |
| synaptosomes | #1302 |
| potential therapeutic approach | #1305 |
| frontoparietal | #1306 |
| 7 males | #1308 |
| opioid delta | #1308 |
| caveolin1 | #1310 |
| neuronal dysfunction | #1310 |
| 5mm | #1314 |
| liver | #1314 |
| heme oxygenase1 | #1316 |
| greater magnitude | #1317 |
| adrenals | #1318 |
| 35°c | #1319 |
| threefold | #1320 |
| receptors methyl | #1321 |
| invariably | #1324 |
| neurotransmission | #1325 |
| nanomolar | #1328 |
| dopamine serotonin | #1328 |
| appearance | #1329 |
| guanylyl | #1329 |
| major complication | #1334 |
| animal electrophoresis | #1334 |
| signaling mechanisms | #1335 |
| acetyltransferase | #1337 |
| cerebellum hippocampus | #1344 |
| phosphate dehydrogenase | #1344 |
| astrocytes cells | #1346 |
| cgmp pathway | #1349 |
| heavy drinkers | #1350 |
| transporter proteins | #1352 |
| brain effects | #1358 |
| dopamine female | #1361 |
| neuronal | #1361 |
| interleukin1 receptors | #1364 |
| female globus | #1364 |
| shunt tips | #1368 |
| male rats rats | #1369 |
| hypoglycaemic | #1375 |
| small decrease | #1378 |
| fur | #1380 |
| electrolyte balance | #1381 |
| aromatic amino | #1383 |
| bile duct ligation | #1386 |
| synergism | #1387 |
| chelation therapy | #1387 |
| nitrated | #1388 |
| gaba agonists | #1389 |
| ca2independent | #1392 |
| preliminary studies | #1394 |
| neurological sequelae | #1395 |
| transamination | #1396 |
| occipital cortex | #1401 |
| intrauterine growth | #1402 |
| immediateearly genes | #1403 |
| guanylate | #1409 |
| pallidus | #1409 |
| larginine | #1412 |
| selectively | #1416 |
| cerebral | #1417 |
| patients findings | #1425 |
| paper details | #1426 |
| normo | #1427 |
| mutant strains | #1429 |
| acute brain | #1433 |
| motor nerve | #1441 |
| paralleled | #1444 |
| shamoperated | #1445 |
| childpugh score | #1450 |
| common approaches | #1450 |
| risk falls | #1451 |
| mitochondrial membranes | #1451 |
| peripheral | #1452 |
| longer wavelength | #1453 |
| hypoglycaemia | #1455 |
| effective prevention | #1456 |
| intraventricular injections | #1456 |
| benzodiazepinones | #1459 |
| clonazepam | #1460 |
| modulatory effects | #1462 |
| hydroxydopamines | #1465 |
| studies brain | #1471 |
| quinuclidinyl | #1472 |
| swelling | #1477 |
| brain tissues | #1479 |
| patients liver disease | #1481 |
| saturable | #1482 |
| 23390 | #1485 |
| 13c | #1485 |
| deficiency | #1486 |
| characteristic | #1488 |
| excitatory neurotransmission | #1488 |
| gfap | #1491 |
| dopamine agents | #1499 |
| messenger rats rats | #1504 |
| neuroprotective role | #1505 |
| primary concern | #1509 |
| bilirubin levels | #1509 |
| histological studies | #1509 |
| volume regulation | #1512 |
| increases | #1512 |
| cortex striatum | #1513 |
| primary biliary cirrhosis | #1514 |
| receptor subunits | #1515 |
| herniation | #1516 |
| liver disease | #1519 |
| rat cerebral cortex | #1519 |
| 1h magnetic | #1523 |
| integrity | #1525 |
| glutamic acid decarboxylase | #1525 |
| tyrosine residues | #1527 |
| branched | #1530 |
| tk | #1532 |
| temporal profile | #1539 |
| increased capacity | #1541 |
| transport animals | #1546 |
| brain homogenates | #1547 |
| apomorphine | #1548 |
| acetylcarnitine | #1548 |
| cholinergic | #1549 |
| vitamins minerals | #1550 |
| tricarboxylic acid | #1551 |
| wistar receptors rats | #1552 |
| lactulose | #1554 |
| pathological hallmark | #1557 |
| regional differences | #1557 |
| neurochemical | #1559 |
| lactate levels | #1561 |
| cirrhosis liver | #1564 |
| reflexes | #1566 |
| pathological mechanisms | #1567 |
| extracellular | #1568 |
| neurotransmitters | #1572 |
| poor diet | #1575 |
| major forms | #1579 |
| brain cerebral | #1580 |
| scad | #1584 |
| biliary cirrhosis | #1584 |
| light energy | #1584 |
| tryptophan | #1585 |
| epilepsy tle | #1585 |
| brain cell | #1586 |
| patients review | #1589 |
| ependymal cells | #1591 |
| ngnitrolarginine methyl ester | #1592 |
| new findings | #1594 |
| lesser extent | #1595 |
| pyruvate carboxylase | #1596 |
| aspartate nmda | #1598 |
| llysine | #1600 |
| pbc | #1601 |
| rat hippocampus | #1602 |
| mri signal | #1605 |
| specific therapies | #1606 |
| brain slices | #1606 |
| tdp | #1615 |
| ouabain | #1615 |
| travelled | #1618 |
| unanesthetized | #1623 |
| anastomosis | #1626 |
| acute mice | #1627 |
| neuroglia neurons | #1629 |
| deficient diet | #1631 |
| failure mechanisms | #1633 |
| receptor human | #1635 |
| prevents | #1637 |
| zinc copper | #1640 |
| cerebellar | #1641 |
| tritium | #1642 |
| dorsal raphe nucleus | #1646 |
| regulation animals | #1647 |
| male membrane glycoproteins | #1648 |
| died | #1650 |
| experimental treatment | #1651 |
| animals cerebral | #1651 |
| brain endothelial | #1652 |
| neuromodulatory | #1653 |
| synthase nitric | #1653 |
| amino acid transport | #1654 |
| distribution animals | #1657 |
| glutamate receptors | #1657 |
| fourfold | #1658 |
| extracellular space | #1660 |
| excitotoxicity | #1661 |
| rapid accumulation | #1664 |
| bbb disruption | #1664 |
| striking similarities | #1667 |
| gapdh | #1667 |
| supporting cells | #1669 |
| autoradiography | #1673 |
| previous findings | #1674 |
| synthetase activity | #1675 |
| messenger | #1677 |
| veratrum | #1688 |
| brain area | #1691 |
| dehydrogenase deficiency | #1694 |
| diseases metabolic | #1696 |
| glycogen metabolism | #1701 |
| brainstem | #1704 |
| postulated | #1708 |
| midbrain | #1708 |
| thp | #1710 |
| accumulate | #1716 |
| ibotenic | #1723 |
| fulminant hepatic failure | #1723 |
| dizocilpine | #1724 |
| inborn | #1724 |
| polyclonal antibody | #1725 |
| benzodiazepines | #1726 |
| phenomenon | #1726 |
| il1beta | #1733 |
| alternative mechanism | #1734 |
| animals arginine | #1735 |
| carnitine | #1735 |
| cumene hydroperoxide | #1737 |
| noninvasive techniques | #1737 |
| disorders nervous | #1739 |
| decarboxylase | #1750 |
| normalization | #1756 |
| liver disease patients | #1757 |
| alternative hypothesis | #1757 |
| magna | #1759 |
| consequent | #1760 |
| tricarboxylic acid cycle | #1761 |
| shunts | #1762 |
| c57bl6 | #1762 |
| spiperone | #1763 |
| metabolism glucose | #1769 |
| intrahepatic portosystemic | #1770 |
| allosteric | #1770 |
| critical appraisal | #1773 |
| betaamyloid | #1781 |
| granule neurons | #1785 |
| acetaminophen induced | #1788 |
| muscarinic | #1789 |
| cell damage | #1790 |
| rats spraguedawley receptors | #1791 |
| brain damage | #1791 |
| body temperature | #1794 |
| adult rat brain | #1794 |
| normothermia | #1794 |
| glucose utilization | #1797 |
| common complication | #1799 |
| nmr study | #1802 |
| ampa receptors | #1806 |
| superfusion | #1810 |
| preliminary investigation | #1812 |
| primary metabolism | #1813 |
| major organs | #1815 |
| nutritional supplements | #1815 |
| coa dehydrogenase | #1815 |
| endorphin | #1817 |
| pyruvic | #1822 |
| oxazepam | #1822 |
| rat | #1829 |
| hypertension intracranial | #1832 |
| dorsal raphe | #1833 |
| hippocampal ca1 | #1834 |
| hepatic failure | #1835 |
| vmax values | #1836 |
| major roles | #1837 |
| bdl | #1839 |
| mild | #1840 |
| reuptake | #1843 |
| neurological deterioration | #1844 |
| compared controls | #1845 |
| granule cells | #1846 |
| metalloproteinase9 | #1847 |
| γaminobutyric acid | #1849 |
| toxins | #1850 |
| regulatory processes | #1854 |
| capillary gas chromatography | #1856 |
| ammonium compounds | #1857 |
| chronic alcohol | #1857 |
| monoaminergic | #1862 |
| cirrhotic rats | #1863 |
| liver transplantation patients | #1865 |
| body water | #1865 |
| caudate | #1868 |
| cholinergic neurons | #1872 |
| stroke outcome | #1876 |
| immunoreactivities | #1877 |
| lactate production | #1877 |
| platelets patients | #1882 |
| glutamate release | #1886 |
| neurotoxicity syndromes | #1886 |
| disorder treatment | #1886 |
| beta endorphin | #1892 |
| acute | #1900 |
| locomotor activity | #1902 |
| hepatoprotective | #1903 |
| common feature | #1904 |
| induced liver | #1906 |
| atp adp | #1913 |
| induced rats | #1917 |
| cirrhosis biliary | #1919 |
| stereotyped | #1920 |
| penicillamine | #1920 |
| colorimetric assay | #1921 |
| patients cirrhosis | #1923 |
| rodent models | #1923 |
| grossly | #1925 |
| dipeptides | #1930 |
| behavioral abnormalities | #1932 |
| precipitated | #1934 |
| tspo | #1935 |
| nitration | #1937 |
| areas brain | #1941 |
| patients aids | #1944 |
| neurocognitive impairment | #1945 |
| major metabolite | #1952 |
| major site | #1957 |
| synthase | #1958 |
| dpat | #1961 |
| concomitant | #1962 |
| normal dogs | #1965 |
| cerebral metabolism | #1965 |
| acid transporters | #1966 |
| acid synthesis | #1966 |
| spectroscopy male | #1968 |
| manganese superoxide dismutase | #1970 |
| druginduced liver injury | #1977 |
| 5hydroxytryptamine | #1977 |
| globus | #1977 |
| nmethyldaspartate receptors | #1977 |
| mice compared | #1981 |
| 28 weeks | #1981 |
| degeneration humans | #1986 |
| potassium exchanging | #1987 |
| erk1 | #1990 |
| neurologic symptoms | #1991 |
| duct ligation | #1991 |
| cognitive dysfunction | #1991 |
| idazoxan | #1993 |
| oxotremorine | #1994 |
| ideal model | #1994 |
| 5 ht | #1996 |
| recirculating | #1997 |
| primary biliary | #2000 |
| radioligand | #2001 |
| 2fold increase | #2006 |
| mk801 | #2007 |
| ampa receptor | #2015 |
| heterogeneously | #2017 |
| cerebellar cortex | #2019 |
| overactivity | #2020 |
| injury mice | #2022 |
| arterio | #2023 |
| pet imaging | #2028 |
| glucose brain | #2034 |
| neurologic complications | #2036 |
| sham rats | #2036 |
| microdialysis | #2036 |
| aminoacids | #2036 |
| sham | #2040 |
| peroneal nerve | #2041 |
| osmolytes | #2041 |
| resonance nmr | #2043 |
| exchanging atpase | #2043 |
| cyclase | #2046 |
| cerebri | #2046 |
| pathogenetic mechanisms | #2047 |
| passive diffusion | #2050 |
| suggested | #2053 |
| groups iii | #2063 |
| decreased activity | #2064 |
| tracings | #2064 |
| 10 12 | #2068 |
| dawley rats | #2069 |
| convulsants | #2071 |
| stage liver | #2072 |
| vivo brain | #2074 |
| elucidated | #2077 |
| tumor necrosis factoralpha | #2079 |
| penumbra | #2080 |
| biochemical parameters | #2082 |
| deficit | #2084 |
| acetates | #2087 |
| transjugular intrahepatic | #2089 |
| trace amounts | #2090 |
| international society | #2094 |
| autopsy | #2098 |
| ensuing | #2103 |
| zo1 | #2106 |
| solely | #2108 |
| atrophies | #2109 |
| p0018 | #2111 |
| portal pressure | #2117 |
| nitric oxide synthesis | #2117 |
| parallel | #2121 |
| chp | #2121 |
| synthase type | #2125 |
| neurological manifestations | #2141 |
| ligase | #2142 |
| synergistically | #2143 |
| exception | #2143 |
| brain barrier | #2148 |
| subsequent degradation | #2149 |
| indicative | #2150 |
| time onset | #2158 |
| rats spraguedawley | #2158 |
| bmax | #2158 |
| intracranial pressure | #2167 |
| amnestic | #2169 |
| male rat | #2170 |
| muscimol | #2173 |
| acute effects | #2178 |
| human patients | #2179 |
| neural inhibition | #2180 |
| gaa | #2180 |
| reactive nitrogen | #2187 |
| subchronic | #2189 |
| blood csf | #2194 |
| apap | #2194 |
| increasing recognition | #2200 |
| cox2 | #2203 |
| overt | #2205 |
| parkinsonism | #2209 |
| methysergide | #2212 |
| homovanillic acid | #2217 |
| pressure icp | #2217 |
| vitamin supplements | #2220 |
| hypothermic | #2223 |
| nitroarginine methyl | #2223 |
| brain cells | #2225 |
| function brain | #2230 |
| antiparkinson | #2232 |
| liver enzymes | #2238 |
| minocycline | #2242 |
| pss | #2244 |
| chelators | #2245 |
| neurological disorders | #2248 |
| humans liver | #2249 |
| diminution | #2262 |
| blood brain | #2265 |
| liver circulation | #2265 |
| symporters | #2265 |
| doubt | #2267 |
| nutritional deficiencies | #2268 |
| messenger systems | #2271 |
| gliosis | #2279 |
| behavior rats | #2280 |
| additional factors | #2297 |
| synaptic vesicles | #2297 |
| rats liver | #2299 |
| phosphate | #2300 |
| eeg activity | #2302 |
| acrylamides | #2303 |
| patients minimal | #2304 |
| isoxazolepropionic | #2307 |
| immunoreactive neurons | #2308 |
| superoxide dismutase | #2314 |
| tle | #2315 |
| memantine | #2320 |
| multiorgan failure | #2322 |
| cortex hippocampus | #2325 |
| brain expression | #2326 |
| cultured cerebral | #2327 |
| systemic inflammatory response | #2328 |
| primary cultures | #2328 |
| male nerve | #2330 |
| blindly | #2333 |
| hrqol patients | #2334 |
| housekeeping | #2336 |
| relative increase | #2338 |
| acidosis | #2338 |
| convincing | #2340 |
| scatchard | #2349 |
| lactates | #2359 |
| binding assays | #2360 |
| ligands | #2360 |
| olivary | #2362 |
| benzoic | #2364 |
| inbred strains | #2366 |
| patients increased | #2373 |
| endstage liver disease | #2376 |
| voluntary | #2377 |
| synaptic dysfunction | #2377 |
| competitive inhibitor | #2380 |
| clinical condition | #2391 |
| mental fatigue | #2392 |
| deficiencies | #2392 |
| potential adverse effects | #2393 |
| exchanging | #2401 |
| brains patients | #2401 |
| neurotoxin | #2406 |
| homovanillic | #2416 |
| lnmma | #2430 |
| induced brain | #2432 |
| protein mrna | #2433 |
| transporter 2 | #2443 |
| calcium binding | #2449 |
| cerebral metabolic | #2467 |
| extracellular levels | #2471 |
| 01 mm | #2473 |
| histamine receptor | #2483 |
| fluorescence detection | #2489 |
| peripheral inflammation | #2490 |
| adult male rats | #2491 |
| bbb | #2498 |
| receptors ampa | #2502 |
| synaptic function | #2508 |
| pathogenic role | #2509 |
| count cell | #2510 |
| effects alcohol | #2511 |
| animal model | #2513 |
| pyridinium | #2513 |
| activation microglia | #2514 |
| noxious stimuli | #2518 |
| hypotonia | #2524 |
| vmax | #2529 |
| 5ht | #2530 |
| physical conditioning | #2532 |
| nuclear magnetic | #2534 |
| dopac | #2534 |
| metabolic acidosis | #2541 |
| expression endothelial | #2563 |
| alcohol induced | #2566 |
| male matrix | #2571 |
| fmol | #2572 |
| understanding pathophysiology | #2573 |
| humans ligands | #2573 |
| receptor density | #2577 |
| ataxias | #2577 |
| alpha1 | #2577 |
| vessel walls | #2581 |
| postmortem brain | #2588 |
| microglia neurons | #2591 |
| mao | #2594 |
| multiple mechanisms | #2597 |
| acetylcholinesterase | #2598 |
| cerebrospinal | #2601 |
| groups subjects | #2608 |
| il1β il6 | #2619 |
| 10 microm | #2621 |
| possibility | #2621 |
| cognitive motor | #2623 |
| 15–30 | #2625 |
| greater extent | #2626 |
| methylaspartate | #2630 |
| normalisation | #2632 |
| nitrosation | #2635 |
| biochemical evidence | #2639 |
| deteriorating | #2640 |
| circulating concentrations | #2640 |
| day treatment | #2647 |
| activity rats | #2661 |
| thalamic | #2663 |
| transcriptase | #2663 |
| katpase | #2665 |
| chc | #2665 |
| nitric | #2665 |
| binding competitive | #2668 |
| olfactory bulb | #2669 |
| glutathione levels | #2669 |
| osmolar | #2683 |
| patients alcoholic | #2684 |
| guanylyl cyclase | #2685 |
| glial cell | #2686 |
| serotonin 5 | #2689 |
| effects ethanol | #2695 |
| indwelling | #2704 |
| rats control | #2705 |
| nerve terminals | #2705 |
| laboratory findings | #2710 |
| groups animals | #2715 |
| lactic | #2723 |
| situ nickend | #2733 |
| publication animals behavior | #2737 |
| frontal lobe | #2742 |
| hemodiafiltration | #2755 |
| suggests | #2760 |
| glutaminase | #2764 |
| functional integrity | #2767 |
| regions | #2769 |
| 6hydroxydopamine | #2771 |
| neurons animals | #2774 |
| kindred | #2775 |
| turnover rate | #2779 |
| leucine | #2779 |
| 24h | #2786 |
| glutamate receptor | #2789 |
| systemic circulation | #2789 |
| animal rats | #2790 |
| amino acid | #2798 |
| rhythmicity | #2798 |
| severity patients | #2806 |
| osmolar concentration | #2813 |
| inbred strains mice | #2814 |
| pontine | #2817 |
| exposed | #2821 |
| mechanisms | #2824 |
| hydroxy5 | #2826 |
| microglial cells | #2827 |
| p38mapk | #2831 |
| gastrointestinal agents | #2833 |
| neurological deficit | #2834 |
| regulation enzymologic | #2834 |
| minneapolis | #2835 |
| blood brain barrier | #2841 |
| brain calcium | #2847 |
| marked decrease | #2867 |
| bilirubin | #2876 |
| twofold increase | #2877 |
| amino | #2882 |
| alcoholic fatty | #2882 |
| nerve cells | #2883 |
| alanine | #2885 |
| synaptic | #2888 |
| diabetic animals | #2890 |
| ca2dependent | #2893 |
| pet study | #2897 |
| mmt | #2898 |
| trafficking | #2901 |
| kainate | #2903 |
| slices | #2905 |
| rigidity | #2905 |
| standpoint | #2906 |
| ameliorating | #2910 |
| confirming | #2918 |
| clinical syndrome | #2931 |
| cell volume | #2936 |
| dying | #2938 |
| normal control | #2938 |
| normal animals | #2939 |
| translocator | #2943 |
| subfield | #2943 |
| 12 weeks treatment | #2944 |
| receptors opioid | #2962 |
| impaired | #2964 |
| 11c | #2965 |
| assist devices | #2970 |
| astrocytes cell | #2971 |
| brain uptake | #2974 |
| unaffected | #2982 |
| inflammation liver | #2982 |
| excitatory synapses | #3000 |
| pyruvic acid | #3000 |
| intermediary | #3008 |
| normal values | #3015 |
| aquaporin | #3036 |
| uptake | #3039 |
| kainic | #3043 |
| barrier brain | #3047 |
| cox2 expression | #3051 |
| incubation medium | #3051 |
| ca1 pyramidal | #3053 |
| biliary obstruction | #3054 |
| weighted magnetic | #3069 |
| concert | #3073 |
| tmp | #3076 |
| metabolite concentrations | #3078 |
| portosystemic shunt | #3078 |
| harmful effects | #3082 |
| attenuation | #3083 |
| selegiline | #3086 |
| activated microglia | #3088 |
| reserpine | #3093 |
| liver injury | #3095 |
| cd1 | #3099 |
| catecholaminergic | #3109 |
| atp levels | #3111 |
| adult rats | #3113 |
| renal vein | #3115 |
| valine | #3133 |
| short halflife | #3136 |
| toxic effects | #3137 |
| relative roles | #3149 |
| decreased | #3156 |
| myo inositol | #3161 |
| higher doses | #3168 |
| animals binding | #3169 |
| dhea | #3171 |
| nmda | #3172 |
| loss | #3180 |
| carboxamide | #3189 |
| failure | #3192 |
| endorphins | #3192 |
| relation | #3194 |
| abruptly | #3195 |
| radical scavengers | #3198 |
| inhalation | #3199 |
| bcaa | #3199 |
| mental retardation | #3201 |
| enzymologic genes | #3209 |
| clinical presentations | #3210 |
| ketanserin | #3214 |
| liver function | #3214 |
| heavy drinking | #3218 |
| coenzymes | #3220 |
| noradrenaline | #3224 |
| imidodiphosphate | #3226 |
| active transport | #3232 |
| portal | #3235 |
| gad | #3238 |
| shortchain fatty acids | #3238 |
| acidic | #3243 |
| synaptic membranes | #3244 |
| pyrophosphate | #3248 |
| induced hepatic | #3252 |
| treated rats | #3256 |
| nitrogen species | #3267 |
| systemic | #3276 |
| oxidative metabolism | #3281 |
| respects | #3285 |
| induced seizures | #3287 |
| synaptosomal | #3291 |
| drug repositioning | #3296 |
| behavioral symptoms | #3300 |
| water electrolyte | #3306 |
| kcl | #3307 |
| cell death | #3311 |
| metabolic alterations | #3324 |
| anterolateral | #3326 |
| reverse | #3327 |
| metabolized | #3331 |
| nanomolar concentrations | #3335 |
| sedatives | #3342 |
| general circulation | #3344 |
| nac | #3347 |
| dab | #3352 |
| rats received | #3359 |
| regionally | #3359 |
| benzoates | #3360 |
| membrane transport | #3361 |
| dosedependent fashion | #3364 |
| aspartate receptors | #3366 |
| rats inbred | #3368 |
| subsequent studies | #3371 |
| phenylalanine | #3384 |
| opioid | #3388 |
| cerebral ischemia | #3388 |
| inbred strains receptors | #3389 |
| cortex | #3391 |
| robust evidence | #3394 |
| hydroxytryptamine | #3402 |
| tyrphostins | #3403 |
| galactosamine | #3404 |
| brain disease | #3407 |
| brain lesions | #3412 |
| falls | #3421 |
| disturbances | #3421 |
| progressive increase | #3423 |
| histamine | #3423 |
| ldopa | #3426 |
| quaternary ammonium | #3427 |
| morphologic | #3428 |
| transaminases | #3432 |
| gln | #3436 |
| decreased levels | #3437 |
| modulation | #3439 |
| levels liver | #3443 |
| indole3 | #3446 |
| superior colliculus | #3451 |
| epilepsy temporal | #3453 |
| toxic | #3455 |
| strains mice | #3456 |
| biogenic | #3458 |
| accumulates | #3462 |
| timecourse | #3467 |
| phosphocreatine | #3473 |
| rats rats | #3474 |
| indomethacin | #3480 |
| striatum | #3482 |
| developing rat | #3485 |
| upregulation | #3491 |
| glycine | #3492 |
| brain stem | #3495 |
| liver male | #3497 |
| subcortical structures | #3497 |
| new evidence | #3499 |
| electrochemical detection | #3499 |
| basal ganglia | #3500 |
| rat models | #3503 |
| lobe epilepsy | #3503 |
| previous observations | #3507 |
| aids patients | #3511 |
| huntington | #3515 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone | #3537 |
| aging brain | #3542 |
| neurons oxidative | #3545 |
| rats treatment | #3545 |
| kidney liver | #3555 |
| tyramine | #3558 |
| fold | #3563 |
| cytokines disease | #3576 |
| nerve degeneration | #3584 |
| tissue distribution | #3600 |
| inferior vena cava | #3600 |
| portal vein | #3600 |
| brain structure | #3613 |
| truncated 250 | #3627 |
| antioxidant properties | #3627 |
| pathology | #3635 |
| cofactor | #3636 |
| prolonged exposure | #3636 |
| hypertonic saline | #3638 |
| disease states | #3648 |
| implication | #3650 |
| increased activity | #3655 |
| hydroxydopamine | #3657 |
| precipitating | #3664 |
| ache | #3664 |
| fatty liver | #3666 |
| investigator | #3675 |
| circadian rhythms | #3680 |
| scavengers | #3682 |
| lobe | #3694 |
| splanchnic | #3699 |
| regional variation | #3700 |
| arginine | #3718 |
| proinflammatory cytokine | #3722 |
| new model | #3723 |
| medial | #3735 |
| thioacetamide | #3741 |
| cassette transporters | #3742 |
| treated animals | #3746 |
| induced neurotoxicity | #3751 |
| stress rats | #3755 |
| normal mice | #3758 |
| consensus statement | #3765 |
| dopamine d1 | #3773 |
| 4 wk | #3786 |
| 1968 | #3791 |
| parietal lobe | #3793 |
| acetylcholinesterase ache | #3799 |
| dietary protein | #3801 |
| mitochondrion | #3807 |
| finding | #3814 |
| major | #3815 |
| diazepam | #3825 |
| neural cell | #3825 |
| control animals | #3825 |
| resemble | #3833 |
| western blot analyses | #3838 |
| systemically | #3846 |
| inborn errors | #3846 |
| prefrontal | #3857 |
| effects chronic | #3872 |
| nmr spectroscopy | #3879 |
| malabsorption | #3896 |
| type nitric | #3897 |
| dopamine d1 receptors | #3899 |
| dopa | #3907 |
| enhanced production | #3909 |
| metabolic pathway | #3911 |
| elucidate | #3914 |
| levels measured | #3915 |
| new therapeutic approaches | #3919 |
| nitric oxide production | #3919 |
| tone | #3924 |
| pindolol | #3929 |
| peripheral neuropathy | #3937 |
| ascorbate | #3942 |
| csf | #3949 |
| medulla | #3949 |
| reabsorption | #3949 |
| wet weight | #3951 |
| tourette | #3975 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders | #3978 |
| purkinje cells | #3983 |
| antiinflammatory | #3987 |
| fatigue | #3992 |
| complication | #3992 |
| tca cycle | #4003 |
| pseudotumor | #4006 |
| brain activation | #4009 |
| day 5 | #4011 |
| treatment prevention | #4021 |
| transporter | #4026 |
| elevated blood | #4053 |
| nmda receptors | #4053 |
| bz | #4054 |
| strains receptors | #4069 |
| neurotoxicity | #4070 |
| fischer | #4082 |
| cultured neurons | #4097 |
| remove | #4101 |
| gastrointestinal bleeding | #4103 |
| involve | #4104 |
| nonalcoholic | #4111 |
| intracranial | #4134 |
| coa | #4138 |
| visible spectrum | #4140 |
| induced mitochondrial | #4149 |
| exacerbate | #4165 |
| lower affinity | #4172 |
| future clinical trials | #4178 |
| motor activity | #4178 |
| reverse transcriptase | #4185 |
| nitroso | #4190 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance | #4193 |
| oxide production | #4198 |
| ampa | #4204 |
| endothelial nitric | #4205 |
| liver cirrhosis | #4232 |
| steadystate levels | #4244 |
| knockout receptors | #4249 |
| enkephalins | #4276 |
| tips | #4318 |
| isoenzymes | #4321 |
| contention | #4326 |
| pathogenetic | #4326 |
| 3h | #4342 |
| oxidase inhibitors | #4346 |
| female frontal | #4355 |
| alcohol abuse | #4357 |
| matched | #4358 |
| chelator | #4359 |
| vitro model | #4364 |
| groups rats | #4365 |
| chorea | #4373 |
| acids | #4373 |
| geniculate | #4374 |
| prevention | #4375 |
| ratelimiting enzyme | #4382 |
| neocortical | #4398 |
| rtpcr | #4402 |
| mrna expression | #4418 |
| enos | #4425 |
| hepatic artery | #4425 |
| immunohistochemical analysis | #4428 |
| peripherally | #4430 |
| postnatally | #4433 |
| 10 micrograms | #4438 |
| specific activities | #4449 |
| carbon isotopes | #4449 |
| acid amino | #4455 |
| inos | #4460 |
| tetrahydrobiopterin | #4480 |
| diencephalon | #4481 |
| citric | #4487 |
| agents steroidal | #4499 |
| isoleucine | #4507 |
| chemical drug | #4509 |
| incompletely | #4517 |
| hippocampal neurons | #4518 |
| endogenously | #4521 |
| potent inhibitor | #4528 |
| pglycoprotein | #4535 |
| tissue concentrations | #4552 |
| model chronic | #4561 |
| gssg | #4562 |
| animal studies | #4562 |
| mitochondrial dysfunction | #4575 |
| substantia nigra | #4577 |
| neurological function | #4585 |
| explanation | #4600 |
| acetaminophen | #4606 |
| transaminase | #4608 |
| 250 | #4627 |
| small increase | #4629 |
| liver diseases | #4637 |
| mrna | #4639 |
| narcotic | #4643 |
| models neurological | #4666 |
| enzymes | #4671 |
| myo | #4677 |
| dopamine | #4679 |
| choline | #4683 |
| nitrites | #4684 |
| worsening | #4685 |
| tremor | #4694 |
| relate | #4701 |
| ho1 | #4704 |
| diphosphate | #4705 |
| neuronal survival | #4712 |
| develops | #4714 |
| realtime quantitative pcr | #4719 |
| techniques male | #4729 |
| key enzymes | #4730 |
| debilitating | #4732 |
| skeletal muscle | #4736 |
| amines | #4737 |
| receptors tumor | #4740 |
| motor coordination | #4745 |
| patients liver cirrhosis | #4749 |
| neurovascular | #4749 |
| triphosphate | #4752 |
| receptors | #4761 |
| apoptotic cell death | #4774 |
| patients liver | #4775 |
| neuroprotective agents | #4778 |
| mn2 | #4792 |
| male rats | #4793 |
| ulnar | #4795 |
| opioid peptides | #4821 |
| ganglia | #4828 |
| failing | #4835 |
| membrane cells | #4837 |
| liver regeneration | #4853 |
| regional cerebral | #4875 |
| constellation | #4875 |
| nonselective | #4891 |
| opioid receptors | #4901 |
| modulator | #4905 |
| transporters | #4906 |
| tyrosine | #4906 |
| 001 | #4915 |
| animals antioxidants | #4919 |
| injections intraperitoneal | #4921 |
| neurons rats | #4927 |
| glucose humans | #4936 |
| epilepsy humans | #4940 |
| degree | #4943 |
| kainic acid | #4963 |
| evident | #4988 |
| rapid progression | #4996 |
| viral hepatitis | #4998 |
| indazoles | #5000 |
| methyl2 | #5002 |
| clinical conditions | #5004 |
| 25 mm | #5009 |
| ammonium | #5017 |
| acid metabolism | #5018 |
| neurological diseases | #5024 |
| raphe | #5043 |
| consequences | #5048 |
| immunostaining | #5051 |
| weighted mri | #5053 |
| offspring | #5054 |
| tight | #5055 |
| alcoholism | #5063 |
| cyclooxygenase2 | #5066 |
| malnutrition | #5080 |
| metabolism | #5084 |
| suggesting | #5106 |
| endoperoxide | #5129 |
| clinical criteria | #5130 |
| acid | #5133 |
| nitric oxide | #5140 |
| disorder | #5143 |
| sarcopenia | #5163 |
| anticonvulsant | #5164 |
| glial cells | #5213 |
| temporal lobe | #5226 |
| leads | #5232 |
| animals | #5236 |
| portal hypertension | #5238 |
| child pugh | #5266 |
| severe | #5277 |
| sustained | #5277 |
| normal rats | #5278 |
| cerebrum | #5280 |
| organ dysfunction | #5288 |
| cerebrospinal fluid | #5299 |
| animal brain | #5308 |
| restores | #5312 |
| reversal | #5325 |
| methylarginine | #5330 |
| intoxication | #5344 |
| major impact | #5349 |
| 4 groups | #5350 |
| animal humans | #5364 |
| biomarkers brain | #5401 |
| gastroenterology | #5403 |
| experimental model | #5414 |
| superoxide production | #5416 |
| publication animals | #5417 |
| presynaptic | #5426 |
| induced acute | #5434 |
| regional brain | #5435 |
| gastrointestinal diseases | #5444 |
| intracellular levels | #5450 |
| postsynaptic | #5452 |
| concentrations | #5459 |
| food deprivation | #5463 |
| blotting western | #5466 |
| focal | #5466 |
| thioredoxins | #5505 |
| halflife | #5506 |
| aquaporins | #5515 |
| cns | #5517 |
| involving | #5517 |
| effects exposure | #5523 |
| nash | #5525 |
| controls | #5541 |
| catecholamines | #5549 |
| isolated rat | #5552 |
| affinity | #5553 |
| tca | #5564 |
| glucose metabolism | #5569 |
| lack | #5572 |
| higher density | #5575 |
| sleep disturbances | #5580 |
| hyperbilirubinemia | #5586 |
| glucose transport | #5607 |
| n11 | #5608 |
| summarizes | #5611 |
| platelets | #5615 |
| endotoxemia | #5639 |
| major complications | #5645 |
| free radicals | #5647 |
| postnatal development | #5651 |
| magnetic resonance images | #5652 |
| cachexia | #5666 |
| acute ischemic | #5672 |
| drinkers | #5693 |
| antimetabolites | #5699 |
| tnf | #5709 |
| 73 patients | #5711 |
| transport systems | #5712 |
| receptor binding | #5730 |
| 24 hours | #5741 |
| icp | #5768 |
| evidence base | #5790 |
| precipitate | #5790 |
| dehydrogenases | #5796 |
| nonalcoholic steatohepatitis | #5796 |
| p005 | #5800 |
| brain animals | #5810 |
| depolarization | #5812 |
| aspartate receptor | #5824 |
| serotonin | #5840 |
| substances | #5848 |
| prefrontal cortex | #5859 |
| extravasation | #5862 |
| steroidal | #5865 |
| neuroprotective | #5883 |
| levels elevated | #5885 |
| ketone | #5892 |
| western blot analysis | #5897 |
| appropriately | #5900 |
| mounting evidence | #5926 |
| enkephalin | #5928 |
| potentiate | #5945 |
| detoxification | #5949 |
| acrylamide | #5950 |
| disaccharides | #5950 |
| acid antagonists | #5952 |
| 100 microm | #5954 |
| background objectives | #5954 |
| bulb | #5976 |
| metabolites | #5993 |
| muscle mass | #5993 |
| coenzyme | #5994 |
| etiologies | #5997 |
| anterior cingulate cortex | #6016 |
| antagonist | #6019 |
| butyric | #6023 |
| reversible | #6029 |
| aged rats | #6030 |
| sodium potassium | #6068 |
| additional evidence | #6080 |
| transporter 1 | #6103 |
| methyl4 | #6109 |
| zona | #6114 |
| chemistry | #6120 |
| occurs | #6122 |
| barrier | #6138 |
| trh | #6148 |
| postmortem | #6152 |
| cirrhosis patients | #6152 |
| cortical regions | #6162 |
| hippocampus | #6166 |
| hydroperoxide | #6169 |
| deoxyglucose | #6171 |
| risk bias | #6188 |
| inbred | #6199 |
| esters | #6202 |
| proteins rats | #6221 |
| reduction oxidative | #6231 |
| nervous cns | #6235 |
| disruptions | #6250 |
| vascular endothelium | #6265 |
| anti inflammatory | #6284 |
| mitochondrial function | #6287 |
| hematoxylin | #6290 |
| lactate dehydrogenase | #6298 |
| chain | #6315 |
| carboxylase | #6322 |
| alpha2 | #6323 |
| protein expression | #6343 |
| induced increases | #6360 |
| 20 cases | #6371 |
| rna messenger | #6388 |
| dha | #6392 |
| cbf | #6404 |
| gamma | #6412 |
| remained | #6413 |
| chelating agents | #6422 |
| olfactory | #6441 |
| prosencephalon | #6456 |
| snap | #6464 |
| rats animals | #6469 |
| roi | #6470 |
| antagonists | #6475 |
| peripheral nerve | #6478 |
| histidine | #6482 |
| acyltransferases | #6490 |
| patients chronic | #6498 |
| mesencephalon | #6508 |
| notion | #6511 |
| disease brain | #6514 |
| bromocriptine | #6531 |
| ingestion | #6548 |
| ligation | #6552 |
| dopaminergic | #6553 |
| humans kinetics | #6566 |
| control mice | #6572 |
| longterm treatment | #6575 |
| nomenclature | #6576 |
| disease aged | #6579 |
| physiological function | #6586 |
| humans mitochondria | #6594 |
| oxidase | #6596 |
| microg | #6596 |
| led | #6597 |
| accumulation | #6599 |
| fluid csf | #6600 |
| mmol | #6609 |
| animal dose | #6610 |
| glycolytic | #6625 |
| publication analysis | #6642 |
| inducible nitric | #6643 |
| resonance spectroscopy | #6660 |
| glu | #6665 |
| lowers | #6665 |
| animals bile | #6671 |
| slowing | #6682 |
| p001 | #6684 |
| patients placebo | #6688 |
| proceedings | #6700 |
| interferongamma | #6742 |
| differential effects | #6755 |
| poisoning | #6767 |
| granule | #6768 |
| dystonia | #6769 |
| psychometric | #6774 |
| lad | #6783 |
| rats wistar receptors | #6791 |
| biological transport | #6801 |
| specific regions | #6806 |
| transport proteins | #6806 |
| cortices | #6825 |
| nitrates | #6833 |
| n5 | #6849 |
| inflammatory processes | #6849 |
| protects | #6857 |
| receptors dopamine | #6859 |
| tomography emission | #6887 |
| acetaldehyde | #6894 |
| enter | #6908 |
| patients brain | #6909 |
| sleep disorders | #6915 |
| mitochondrial membrane | #6916 |
| nutritional | #6921 |
| hypothalamus | #6930 |
| humans intracranial | #6937 |
| nutrition | #6972 |
| rendered | #6975 |
| cerebral blood flow | #6981 |
| low affinity | #6986 |
| acid levels | #7005 |
| eosin | #7011 |
| vitamins | #7012 |
| ascites | #7020 |
| adenosine triphosphate | #7030 |
| patients alzheimer | #7040 |
| compensatory | #7089 |
| free radical | #7092 |
| rois | #7098 |
| common form | #7109 |
| general agreement | #7117 |
| expression | #7125 |
| prothrombin | #7133 |
| mice treated | #7139 |
| synthases | #7140 |
| 13c nmr | #7146 |
| methyl | #7151 |
| hippocampus male | #7165 |
| methyl ester | #7177 |
| tartrate | #7178 |
| levels blood | #7198 |
| central nervous cns | #7202 |
| protective agents | #7214 |
| catecholamine | #7216 |
| undertaken | #7226 |
| probiotics | #7244 |
| humans inflammation | #7253 |
| systemic inflammation | #7280 |
| antiinflammatory agents | #7284 |
| neurodegeneration | #7290 |
| male sprague | #7307 |
| bile duct | #7311 |
| additional studies | #7322 |
| animal doseresponse relationship | #7334 |
| nh4 | #7336 |
| glucose transporter | #7337 |
| cyclooxygenase 2 | #7344 |
| life hrqol | #7350 |
| administration | #7353 |
| preliminary evidence | #7358 |
| symptomatic | #7371 |
| neuroprotection | #7374 |
| histamine release | #7378 |
| regional | #7382 |
| urea | #7386 |
| hippocampal | #7389 |
| insult | #7392 |
| pyridines | #7404 |
| intravenous infusion | #7420 |
| competitive | #7424 |
| animal | #7433 |
| excitability | #7442 |
| molecular mechanisms | #7448 |
| restored | #7464 |
| spectrophotometric | #7474 |
| osmotic | #7475 |
| biochemical studies | #7481 |
| ht | #7485 |
| excreted | #7507 |
| urease | #7536 |
| organ specificity | #7540 |
| lipid peroxidation | #7550 |
| pathological conditions | #7553 |
| dismutase | #7553 |
| brain ischemia | #7557 |
| implicating | #7564 |
| onset | #7570 |
| cytoprotection | #7580 |
| neuropathic pain | #7583 |
| imaging magnetic | #7585 |
| chromatography mass | #7603 |
| microglia | #7605 |
| matrix metalloproteinase | #7621 |
| mental status | #7630 |
| blood platelets | #7640 |
| neuroprotective effects | #7659 |
| characterized | #7659 |
| deleterious | #7665 |
| neurologic examination | #7672 |
| cortical neurons | #7687 |
| diminished | #7696 |
| specific binding | #7700 |
| guanidines | #7737 |
| perturbations | #7769 |
| alpha tnf | #7777 |
| oxide | #7779 |
| immunoreactivity | #7801 |
| oedema | #7810 |
| il6 levels | #7833 |
| tissue proteins | #7854 |
| tnf α | #7864 |
| animals blotting | #7882 |
| albumins | #7888 |
| m3 | #7897 |
| ca1 | #7899 |
| parietal cortex | #7915 |
| brain development | #7915 |
| freely | #7932 |
| cells brain | #7932 |
| lname | #7950 |
| aspartate aminotransferases | #7961 |
| assayed | #7986 |
| metabolic | #7989 |
| aetiology | #8016 |
| mouse brain | #8023 |
| alzheimer | #8025 |
| liver transplantation | #8033 |
| ka | #8038 |
| constitutes | #8040 |
| computerized | #8040 |
| organometallic compounds | #8052 |
| established | #8056 |
| brain humans | #8073 |
| cerebrovascular circulation | #8079 |
| chelation | #8081 |
| inferior | #8097 |
| reproduces | #8103 |
| modulate | #8143 |
| confirm | #8153 |
| produces | #8156 |
| large variety | #8164 |
| intraperitoneally | #8167 |
| immunohistochemistry male | #8184 |
| maintained | #8185 |
| benzazepines | #8192 |
| organs | #8193 |
| fluorescence intensity | #8201 |
| reduced | #8207 |
| neurologic | #8214 |
| dopamine receptor | #8253 |
| abnormally | #8260 |
| norepinephrine | #8288 |
| inflammatory agents | #8301 |
| neuronal damage | #8302 |
| antioxidant | #8310 |
| condition | #8326 |
| dependent | #8332 |
| therapeutic implications | #8336 |
| epileptic | #8359 |
| chromatography pressure | #8383 |
| turn | #8404 |
| gray matter | #8407 |
| reflect | #8410 |
| and or | #8413 |
| wistar receptors | #8433 |
| receptor expression | #8442 |
| chain reaction | #8446 |
| hyponatremia | #8454 |
| plasma levels | #8470 |
| citalopram | #8472 |
| hyperglycemia | #8472 |
| stereotaxic | #8495 |
| systemic inflammatory | #8499 |
| polymerase chain | #8501 |
| purkinje | #8517 |
| immunocytochemical | #8519 |
| brain imaging | #8538 |
| chloride | #8546 |
| copper | #8549 |
| intracellular ca2 | #8583 |
| restoration | #8595 |
| hepatotoxicity | #8598 |
| ischemia | #8616 |
| activates | #8631 |
| hippocampus humans | #8641 |
| oxide nitric | #8664 |
| levodopa | #8665 |
| n10 | #8672 |
| inflammatory cytokines | #8690 |
| male middle aged | #8715 |
| organometallic | #8716 |
| pyramidal cells | #8724 |
| retardation | #8736 |
| gsh | #8742 |
| oxidative | #8742 |
| 37°c | #8758 |
| emission computed | #8767 |
| parietal | #8790 |
| potassium chloride | #8814 |
| hplc | #8824 |
| nmr | #8871 |
| superoxide | #8875 |
| tonic | #8879 |
| sulfates | #8892 |
| devoid | #8898 |
| egf receptor | #8905 |
| lactic acid | #8906 |
| minimal | #8910 |
| caveolin | #8912 |
| oxo | #8932 |
| biochemical | #8935 |
| consciousness | #8985 |
| reflected | #9011 |
| intravenous injection | #9019 |
| alanine transaminase | #9038 |
| encephalitis | #9077 |
| emission tomography | #9083 |
| methylmercury | #9099 |
| aminotransferases | #9108 |
| acetate | #9111 |
| syndromes | #9112 |
| brain cognition | #9130 |
| aimed | #9163 |
| awake | #9175 |
| 62 patients | #9176 |
| likewise | #9181 |
| treated mice | #9194 |
| normal | #9207 |
| dysfunction | #9218 |
| corpus striatum | #9247 |
| key factors | #9254 |
| elevated | #9263 |
| deprived | #9285 |
| neuropathy | #9344 |
| cerebrospinal fluid csf | #9364 |
| cerebral blood | #9391 |
| pressure liquid | #9396 |
| deoxy | #9420 |
| immunoblotting | #9445 |
| complications patients | #9489 |
| citric acid | #9505 |
| intrahepatic | #9572 |
| oxidative stress | #9585 |
| irreversible | #9607 |
| naloxone | #9609 |
| absence | #9615 |
| synthase inos | #9615 |
| occipital | #9621 |
| neurons | #9627 |
| seizures | #9631 |
| terminals | #9647 |
| nerve tissue | #9655 |
| postoperative day | #9682 |
| compensate | #9687 |
| micromol | #9692 |
| imaging studies | #9718 |
| ameliorated | #9722 |
| bw | #9727 |
| protective effects | #9749 |
| 2 mm | #9756 |
| 064 | #9783 |
| neuro | #9788 |
| tumor necrosis | #9791 |
| middle cerebral | #9809 |
| chelating | #9823 |
| dependently | #9825 |
| patch clamp | #9830 |
| succinate | #9834 |
| diseases liver | #9842 |
| prevented | #9863 |
| severely | #9864 |
| contributes | #9880 |
| receptor agonist | #9912 |
| microm | #9930 |
| necrosis factor | #9933 |
| quantitative | #9943 |
| tight junctions | #9963 |
| liver cells | #9987 |
| neurobiological | #10000 |
| binding cassette | #10002 |
| central nervous | #10003 |
| conflicting | #10023 |
| kinetic parameters | #10033 |
| cycle | #10052 |
| mediated | #10072 |
| cortical | #10128 |
| cava | #10136 |
| dopamine receptors | #10169 |
| liver damage | #10178 |
| negative impact | #10202 |
| minerals | #10211 |
| stores | #10215 |
| ros production | #10235 |
| attenuated | #10240 |
| expression activity | #10242 |
| cgmp | #10262 |
| glutathione gsh | #10266 |
| transport complex | #10286 |
| plasma concentrations | #10292 |
| plasma patients | #10296 |
| urinary excretion | #10301 |
| adversely | #10328 |
| vitamin deficiency | #10328 |
| forebrain | #10337 |
| cassette | #10370 |
| permeable | #10373 |
| specific activity | #10384 |
| steatohepatitis | #10395 |
| electroencephalogram | #10395 |
| areas | #10419 |
| subacute | #10435 |
| biliary | #10436 |
| protein levels | #10453 |
| hrqol | #10455 |
| liver transplant | #10455 |
| nigra | #10479 |
| cerebral artery | #10481 |
| positron emission tomography | #10525 |
| biosynthesis | #10531 |
| substantia | #10550 |
| nervous | #10616 |
| transmitter | #10626 |
| twofold | #10627 |
| management patients | #10657 |
| lipopolysaccharide | #10674 |
| alzheimers disease | #10694 |
| dose dependent | #10699 |
| normal range | #10730 |
| nutritional status | #10752 |
| protein level | #10752 |
| quaternary | #10765 |
| glutathione | #10772 |
| glucose | #10806 |
| water content | #10826 |
| monophosphate | #10827 |
| liver mice | #10852 |
| vena | #10853 |
| nervous diseases | #10861 |
| microgram | #10880 |
| performance liquid | #10883 |
| entity | #10889 |
| eventually | #10941 |
| intraventricular | #10958 |
| occur | #10968 |
| saline | #10968 |
| dietary proteins | #10978 |
| breakdown | #10983 |
| earlier studies | #10997 |
| etiology | #10998 |
| doses | #11003 |
| accumbens | #11004 |
| impair | #11006 |
| rats inbred strains | #11023 |
| behavior animal | #11026 |
| radioimmunoassay | #11026 |
| atrophy | #11041 |
| tnfalpha | #11044 |
| atp binding | #11055 |
| western | #11061 |
| tests male | #11061 |
| peroxidation | #11077 |
| riboflavin | #11140 |
| positron emission | #11153 |
| potentiated | #11172 |
| preparations | #11184 |
| precursor | #11188 |
| adult male | #11195 |
| broad spectrum | #11196 |
| superoxides | #11202 |
| nick | #11227 |
| steroids | #11232 |
| animals anti | #11234 |
| acyl | #11314 |
| enzyme activity | #11342 |
| drug induced | #11347 |
| early identification | #11376 |
| neuropathic | #11380 |
| necrotic | #11392 |
| neurodegenerative disease | #11395 |
| centrally | #11415 |
| depletion | #11434 |
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| μmol | #14145 |
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| deficient mice | #14274 |
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| multifactorial | #14398 |
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| cell count | #14785 |
| learning memory | #14831 |
| triphosphate animals | #14839 |
| vivo studies | #14851 |
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| localized | #15466 |
| ester | #15533 |
| synapses | #15538 |
| intellectual | #15568 |
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| evoked potentials | #15595 |
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| clamp | #15646 |
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| sclerosis | #15727 |
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| plays | #16220 |
| randomized controlled | #16247 |
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| spectroscopy | #18016 |
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| 21 patients | #18092 |
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| blot | #19526 |
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| depleted | #19648 |
| neuropsychological tests | #19672 |
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| mm | #19825 |
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| frequently | #20106 |
| tumor necrosis factor | #20133 |
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| dosedependent manner | #20198 |
| vitro techniques | #20371 |
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レポートを実行します | |
Prominent publications by Roger F Butterworth∗
Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients
[ PUBLICATION ]
Modulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) by nitric oxide (NO) is altered in brain from experimental animals with hyperammonemia with or without liver failure. The aim of this work was to assess the content and modulation of sGC in brain in chronic liver failure in humans. Expression of the alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta-1 subunits of sGC was measured by immunoblotting in autopsied frontal cortex and cerebellum from cirrhotic patients and controls. The contents of alpha-1 and alpha-2 ...
| で知られている Guanylate Cyclase | Cirrhotic Patients | Modulation Sgc | Nitric Oxide Brain | Cerebellum Activation |
Hypothermia attenuates oxidative/nitrosative stress, encephalopathy and brain edema in acute (ischemic) liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been suggested that oxidative/nitrosative stress is involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of oxidative/nitrosative stress in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting from hepatic devascularization. We also studied the effect of hypothermia, a ...
| で知られている Brain Edema | Alf Rats | Nitrosative Stress | Liver Failure | Coma Stages |
KOL-Index: 13463
Acute liver failure (ALF) results in alterations of energy metabolites and of glucose-derived amino acid neurotransmitters in brain. However, the dynamics of changes in glucose metabolism remain unclear. The present study was undertaken using (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to determine the rates of incorporation of glucose into amino acids and lactate via cell-specific pathways in relation to the severity of encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF ...
| で知られている Brain Lactate | Acute Liver | Magnetic Resonance | Coma Stages | Amino Acids |
Effects of hypothermia on brain glucose metabolism in acute liver failure: a 1H/13C-nuclear magnetic resonance study
[ PUBLICATION ]
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mild hypothermia has a protective effect on brain edema and encephalopathy in both experimental and human acute liver failure. The goals of the present study were to examine the effects of mild hypothermia (35 degrees C) on brain metabolic pathways using combined (1)H and (13)C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a technique which allows the study not only of metabolite concentrations but also their de novo synthesis via cell-specific pathways in the ...
| で知られている Acute Liver | Mild Hypothermia | Brain Glucose Metabolism | Magnetic Resonance | Frontal Cortex |
Neuroactive amino acids and glutamate (NMDA) receptors in frontal cortex of rats with experimental acute liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
It has been proposed that alterations of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. To evaluate this possibility, in vivo cerebral microdialysis was used to sample extracellular concentrations of amino acids in the frontal cortex of unanesthetized rats at various times during the progression of encephalopathy resulting from acute liver failure. Liver failure was induced by portacaval anastomosis followed 24 ...
| で知られている Amino Acids | Frontal Cortex | Acute Liver Failure | Extracellular Concentrations | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 12801
Mild hypothermia is effective in the prevention of brain edema associated with cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Brain edema is also a serious complication of acute liver failure (ALF). To assess the effectiveness of hypothermia in ALF, groups of rats were subjected to hepatic devascularization (portacaval anastomosis, followed 48 hours later by hepatic artery ligation), and body temperatures were maintained at either 35 degrees C (hypothermic) or 37 degrees C (normothermic). ...
| で知られている Mild Hypothermia | Brain Edema | Acute Liver | Rats Alf | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
Ammonia‐induced brain edema and intracranial hypertension in rats after portacaval anastomosis
[ PUBLICATION ]
Brain edema, leading to intracranial hypertension and brain herniation, is a major cause of death in fulminant liver failure. Astrocyte swelling is a prominent neuropathological feature in experimental fulminant liver failure. It has been postulated that the osmotic effects of glutamine, generated in astrocytes from ammonia and glutamate in a reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase, could mediate brain swelling. Normal rats and rats that received a portacaval anastomosis were infused ...
| で知られている Intracranial Hypertension | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Ammonium Acetate | Osmotic Effects |
Effect of Portacaval Anastomosis on Glutamine Synthetase Protein and Gene Expression in Brain, Liver and Skeletal Muscle
[ PUBLICATION ]
The effects of chronic liver insufficiency resulting from end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCA) on glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, protein and gene expression were studied in brain, liver and skeletal muscle of male adult rats. Four weeks following PCA, activities of GS in cerebral cortex and cerebellum were reduced by 32% and 37% (p<0.05) respectively whereas GS activities in muscle were increased by 52% (p<0.05). GS activities in liver were decreased by up to 90% (p<0.01), a ...
| で知られている Skeletal Muscle | Portacaval Anastomosis | Gene Expression | Surgical Rna | Pca Rats |
Cerebral inflammation contributes to encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: protective effect of minocycline
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been recently proposed that microglia-derived proinflammatory cytokines are involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of microglial activation and the protective effect of the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting ...
| で知られている Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Rats Alf | Microglial Activation | Pathogenesis Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 11822
There is evidence to suggest that, in acute liver failure (ALF), brain ammonia and proinflammatory cytokines may act synergistically to cause brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation). However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain to be established. In order to address this issue, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of genes coding for astrocytic proteins with an established role in cell volume regulation in cerebral ...
| で知られている Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Proinflammatory Cytokines | Astrocytic Proteins | Cultured Astrocytes |
KOL-Index: 11726
Although earlier studies on thiamine deficiency have reported increases in extracellular glutamate concentration in the thalamus, a vulnerable region of the brain in this disorder, the mechanism by which this occurs has remained unresolved. Treatment with pyrithiamine, a central thiamine antagonist, resulted in a 71 and 55% decrease in protein levels of the astrocyte glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST, respectively, by immunoblotting in the medial thalamus of day 14 symptomatic rats ...
| で知られている Medial Thalamus | Glutamate Transporter | Glt1 Glast | Spraguedawley Statistics | Protein Levels |
KOL-Index: 11620
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an effective antidote to treat acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF). NAC is hepatoprotective and prevents the neurological complications of ALF, namely hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema. The protective effect of NAC and its mechanisms of action in ALF due to other toxins, however, are still controversial. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NAC in relation to liver pathology, hepatic and cerebral glutathione, plasma ...
| で知られている Liver Failure | Nac Alf | Induced Acute | Aom Mice | Brain Edema |
Ammonia and related amino acids in the pathogenesis of brain edema in acute ischemic liver failure in rats
[ PUBLICATION ]
The pathogenesis of brain edema in acute liver failure is poorly understood. We have previously shown that rats with ischemic acute liver failure (portacaval anastomosis followed by hepatic artery ligation) exhibit brain edema and intracranial hypertension, with swelling of cortical astrocytes as the most prominent neuropathological abnormality. Because ammonia has been shown to induce swelling of astrocytes in vivo and in vitro, we examined the relationship between brain ammonia, amino ...
| で知られている Amino Acids | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Liver Failure | Glutamine Alanine |
Ammonia induces MK‐801‐sensitive nitration and phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues in rat astrocytes
[ PUBLICATION ]
Astrocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of ammonia-induced neurotoxicity and hepatic encephalopathy. As shown here, ammonia induces protein tyrosine nitration in cultured rat astrocytes, which is sensitive to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801. A similar pattern of nitrated proteins is produced by NMDA. Ammonia-induced tyrosine nitration depends on a rise in [Ca2+]i, IkB degradation, and NO synthase (iNOS) induction, which are prevented by MK-801 and the ...
| で知られている Rat Astrocytes | Glutamine Synthetase | Protein Tyrosine | Ammonia Induces | Oxide Nitric |
Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: Role of glutamine redefined
[ PUBLICATION ]
Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized neuropathologically by cytotoxic brain edema and biochemically by increased brain ammonia and its detoxification product, glutamine. The osmotic actions of increased glutamine synthesis in astrocytes are considered to be causally related to brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation) in ALF. However studies using multinuclear (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy demonstrate that neither brain glutamine ...
| で知られている Brain Edema | Acute Liver Failure | Hepatic Encephalopathy | Intracranial Hypertension | Glutamine Synthesis |
のための重要な人々 Hepatic Encephalopathy
世界のトップコル
Roger F Butterworth∗:専門家の影響
その概念Roger F Butterworth∗直接的な影響があります:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Cirrhotic patients, Brain edema, Portacaval anastomosis, Mild hypothermia.
Roger F Butterworth∗:KOLインパクト
他の著者の仕事に関連する概念for which Roger F Butterworth∗ 影響力があります:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Liver cirrhosis, Oxidative stress, Brain edema, Cirrhotic patients.
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