KOL | Roger F Butterworth∗Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada | ... |
Kol currículo para Roger F Butterworth∗
| Year | |
|---|---|
| 2021 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, Englishtown, NS B0C 1H0 Canada |
| 2020 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada |
| 2019 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, 45143 Cabot Trail, B0C 1H0, Englishtown, NS, Canada University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, QC |
| 2018 | CHUM St-Luc Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada. University of Montreal (St-Luc Hospital), Montreal, Québec, Canada |
| 2015 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2014 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hopital St-Luc (CHUM) and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2W 3J4, Canada |
| 2013 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital St-Luc (CHUM), 1058 Rue St-Denis, H2X 3J4, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2012 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Saint-Luc Hospital (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2011 | Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2010 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), University of Montreal, 1058 St. Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2009 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint‐Luc, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2008 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| 2007 | Neuroscience Research Unit, CHUM (Campus Saint-Luc), University of Montreal, 1058, Saint-Denis Street, H2X 3J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2006 | Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Montreal (CHUM), Hôpital Saint-Luc, 1058 St-Denis Street, Montreal, Que., Canada H2X 3J4 |
| 2005 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Hôpital Saint-Luc (CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada |
| 2004 | Neuroscience Research Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
Roger F Butterworth∗: Influência estatística
Relatório de execução
| Concept | World rank |
|---|---|
| 15–1788 kinetics | #1 |
| 3hmuscimol binding studies | #1 |
| control alf37 | #1 |
| absence wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| early astrocytic response | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings patients | #1 |
| monoamines hplc | #1 |
| 3865 258 nm | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments betaactin | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency humans | #1 |
| lola effective | #1 |
| neurotransmitter alterations prevention | #1 |
| borne ammonia | #1 |
| reduced astrocytic uptake | #1 |
| liver failure muscle | #1 |
| pons gaba content | #1 |
| liver pathology increases | #1 |
| onset neurological symptoms | #1 |
| polyclonal antibody glt1 | #1 |
| stress alf | #1 |
| isoquinolinebinding moiety | #1 |
| congenitally hyperammonemic | #1 |
| findings reported increase | #1 |
| encephalopathy male | #1 |
| pca portacaval | #1 |
| distribution 3htryptamine | #1 |
| osmotic disturbance | #1 |
| flunitrazepam modulation | #1 |
| predilection neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl p005 | #1 |
| cloned rat ptbr | #1 |
| reversal antiparkinson drugs | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex friedreichs | #1 |
| modulators hepatic | #1 |
| action ro15 | #1 |
| ammonia mrna | #1 |
| treatment lola | #1 |
| cerebellum sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| grc integrity | #1 |
| lola reductions | #1 |
| brain pregnant rats | #1 |
| pbgd mrna expression | #1 |
| aom animal hypothermia | #1 |
| progressive volume increase | #1 |
| pca ethanol | #1 |
| igg extravasation expression | #1 |
| cerebral cortex pca | #1 |
| lola prevention | #1 |
| astrocyticneuronal cross | #1 |
| hypothermia prevents | #1 |
| effects ammonia | #1 |
| kgdh activities | #1 |
| caveolin1 pathway | #1 |
| ammoniainduced decrease | #1 |
| encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| inhibitory ammonium ions | #1 |
| regionselective increases | #1 |
| cultured cells mrna | #1 |
| astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| ammonia brain | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepines | #1 |
| r071–084 | #1 |
| coding key | #1 |
| glutaminecycle | #1 |
| coma pathophysiologic basis | #1 |
| anastomosis pca | #1 |
| ammonia major roles | #1 |
| manganese phosphate mmt | #1 |
| result toxins | #1 |
| portacaval‐shunted rat | #1 |
| nacl taurine | #1 |
| microglial activation protective | #1 |
| glast medial thalamus | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency 23 | #1 |
| ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| plasma alf rats | #1 |
| acute neurons mechanisms | #1 |
| brain dysfunction pse | #1 |
| material equal | #1 |
| gabaaassociated receptors | #1 |
| neuropathologic damage | #1 |
| improvements hepatic microcirculation | #1 |
| magna catheter | #1 |
| congenital acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| key astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients densities | #1 |
| disorder thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| taurine medium | #1 |
| glt1 encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| edema formation mnsod | #1 |
| “ peripheral | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia nakatpase | #1 |
| inhibitory nh4cl | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| stroke forms | #1 |
| appearance neurological symptoms | #1 |
| liver failure modulation | #1 |
| brain gaba uptake | #1 |
| encephalopathy alanine | #1 |
| taurine electrolyte balance | #1 |
| aspartate pons | #1 |
| etanercept aom | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| mechanisms brain edema | #1 |
| nacetylcysteine cerebral complications | #1 |
| effective approach prevention | #1 |
| liver failure alterations | #1 |
| exp assessment | #1 |
| measured homogenates | #1 |
| encephalopathy neuropsychiatric | #1 |
| cirrhosis ammonia hepatic | #1 |
| pca operation | #1 |
| cns relation | #1 |
| ammonia removal brain | #1 |
| alf messenger | #1 |
| portacavalshunted rats protective | #1 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome disturbances | #1 |
| ptbribp frontal cortex | #1 |
| ammonia cns function | #1 |
| ligase hepatic | #1 |
| protective pathogenesis | #1 |
| neurological disorders selection | #1 |
| expression astrocytic | #1 |
| cell swelling major | #1 |
| cox2 tle | #1 |
| loss thiamine | #1 |
| indwelling cisterna | #1 |
| glutamateper | #1 |
| nacl calcium | #1 |
| pcs rats protective | #1 |
| neuronal crosstalk | #1 |
| neuroprotection onset | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic | #1 |
| ptbr mrna levels | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiency | #1 |
| mild hypothermia delay | #1 |
| thiamine daily administration | #1 |
| ammonia increased expression | #1 |
| pyrithiamine quinuclidinyl | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation | #1 |
| fumazenil | #1 |
| portacaval shunted | #1 |
| alf restricted transfer | #1 |
| ligand3h | #1 |
| assessment locomotor activities | #1 |
| alf therapeutic | #1 |
| l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| jadad cochrane ohe | #1 |
| glast protein day | #1 |
| pca rat | #1 |
| viral hepatitis alf | #1 |
| thalamus wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| oxotremorine particle size | #1 |
| hyperammonemic sparse | #1 |
| brain portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| tissue cirrhotic | #1 |
| chronic thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| ω3 receptor 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| encephalopathy cerebral edema | #1 |
| reduction circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| portacavalshunting | #1 |
| in3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| serotonin transporter deficit | #1 |
| microsomes medium | #1 |
| decreased detoxification | #1 |
| edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| activities thalamus | #1 |
| progression encephalopathy | #1 |
| shunted rat | #1 |
| pbg pbgd | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy lcarnitine | #1 |
| hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| failure thiamine | #1 |
| update hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| antiparkinson drugs hypokinesia | #1 |
| heneuropathology | #1 |
| dopamine thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| doses lcarnitine | #1 |
| ammonium acetate challenge | #1 |
| rats acute | #1 |
| portacaval shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient | #1 |
| minocyclinetreated alf rats | #1 |
| mild hypothermia alf | #1 |
| prior detoxification liver | #1 |
| pca rats pca | #1 |
| brain astrocytes alterations | #1 |
| ammonia normal conditions | #1 |
| ptbr ligand | #1 |
| deficiency tritium | #1 |
| pse findings | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #1 |
| azoxymethane bloodbrain barrier | #1 |
| perivenous hepatocytes brain | #1 |
| brains spf mice | #1 |
| comatose rats | #1 |
| rats probenecid treatment | #1 |
| plasma clearance halflife | #1 |
| azoxymethane brain | #1 |
| progression prevention | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia cerebral cortex | #1 |
| alf rats expression | #1 |
| focal lactic | #1 |
| ammonia increased | #1 |
| ammonium acetate administration | #1 |
| 3acetyl pyridine rats | #1 |
| ptbrs | #1 |
| receptors thiamine | #1 |
| experimental thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| superoxide dismutase rat | #1 |
| l‐3harginine | #1 |
| encephalopathy prevention | #1 |
| selective increases | #1 |
| evidence otc deficiency | #1 |
| iotal6 | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory response alf | #1 |
| ω3 receptor | #1 |
| additional thiamine | #1 |
| nac normalization | #1 |
| spf mutant | #1 |
| ammonialowering agents | #1 |
| increased brain content | #1 |
| reduction brain ammonia | #1 |
| mbr decreased expression | #1 |
| relationship blood manganese | #1 |
| ptbrs portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| 44433a | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activities | #1 |
| radioenzymatic assays activities | #1 |
| findings manganese | #1 |
| neuroinflammation alf | #1 |
| alf amino | #1 |
| experimental pse | #1 |
| dose dependent swelling | #1 |
| dismutase hyperglycemic | #1 |
| nonvulnerable frontal cortex | #1 |
| vicious cycle sarcopenia | #1 |
| loss 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| alf alterations | #1 |
| activation ptbr | #1 |
| dehydrogenase αkgdh | #1 |
| electroencephalogram tracings | #1 |
| alzheimer type astrocytosis | #1 |
| acute male muscle | #1 |
| previous exposure benzodiazepines | #1 |
| autopsy cirrhotic | #1 |
| action acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| binding sites cerebellum | #1 |
| hyperammonemic disorders | #1 |
| 1 lola | #1 |
| complications alf | #1 |
| weeks portacaval | #1 |
| liver failure upregulation | #1 |
| surgical probenecid | #1 |
| deficiency binding | #1 |
| thalamus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| pdhc activities | #1 |
| hypermmonemia | #1 |
| ptbr mrna | #1 |
| agents metabolic potential | #1 |
| mild hypothermia onset | #1 |
| coma stages | #1 |
| brain major | #1 |
| disease outcome prevention | #1 |
| seasonal ataxia | #1 |
| ammonia acute | #1 |
| pca cns | #1 |
| increased levels allopregnanolone | #1 |
| increased gabaergic tone | #1 |
| medium kcl | #1 |
| cytokines mild | #1 |
| sustained hyperammonemia pca | #1 |
| microglia evidence | #1 |
| increased blood manganese | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke | #1 |
| loss gfap expression | #1 |
| brain glutamate synthesis | #1 |
| selective loss | #1 |
| devascularized rat | #1 |
| wistar receptors pca | #1 |
| frontal cortex fco | #1 |
| aom mice | #1 |
| h1 receptor density | #1 |
| glutamate originating | #1 |
| cerebral γ‐aminobutyric acid | #1 |
| stress encephalopathy | #1 |
| regionselective reductions | #1 |
| rats varying degrees | #1 |
| selective damage pdhc | #1 |
| haloperidol humans haloperiodol | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| ptbrs binding | #1 |
| l3hnoarg | #1 |
| normal limits findings | #1 |
| hypoglycaemia onset | #1 |
| mental state grade | #1 |
| hypothermia delay | #1 |
| nakatpase activity thalamus | #1 |
| ptbr | #1 |
| αkgdh activities | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| treatment mild encephalopathy | #1 |
| alf37 | #1 |
| thalamus thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| 24 hours pca | #1 |
| opioid encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| brain regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| enzyme activities loss | #1 |
| friedreich gilbert | #1 |
| dha administration mnsod | #1 |
| hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| normothermic alf rats | #1 |
| serum lad friedreich | #1 |
| neuroinhibitory steroid | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency bckdh | #1 |
| malnutrition hepatic failure | #1 |
| findings neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| pca increased | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency appearance | #1 |
| pathogenesis portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| capacity ammonia removal | #1 |
| aqp4 proinflammatory mediators | #1 |
| animal liver failure | #1 |
| pharmacological manipulation ptbr | #1 |
| taurine microsomes | #1 |
| csf lactate pse | #1 |
| diabetes ataxia humans | #1 |
| increased brain | #1 |
| receptors pca | #1 |
| portocaval shunting activities | #1 |
| alf animal hypothermia | #1 |
| region‐selective | #1 |
| selectively decreased | #1 |
| prevention brain edema | #1 |
| brain pse | #1 |
| interferongamma brains | #1 |
| blood ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| increased csf lactate | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient rats | #1 |
| ptbr sites | #1 |
| normal cd1 | #1 |
| induction astrocytic cox2 | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate lola | #1 |
| vivo cerebral microdialysis | #1 |
| veratramines action | #1 |
| increased brain ammonia | #1 |
| bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| cerebrospinal fluid ammonia | #1 |
| rats metallic | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| pca rats phosphate | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamate release | #1 |
| hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| thalamus vulnerable region | #1 |
| nac aom | #1 |
| 001 cerebral | #1 |
| region‐selective alterations | #1 |
| key astroglial proteins | #1 |
| offspring animal pyruvate | #1 |
| kidney portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| tdpase activities loss | #1 |
| hippocampal sclerosis induction | #1 |
| administration novo synthesis | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy implications | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| cerebellum 22 | #1 |
| normal conditions kidney | #1 |
| cerebral levels glutamine | #1 |
| coa levels brain | #1 |
| encephalopathy sham | #1 |
| spf mice | #1 |
| prophylaxis reductions | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| fluid taurine | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod mrna | #1 |
| alanine cerebral cortex | #1 |
| binding sites 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| cns pca | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine | #1 |
| pathogenesis hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| rats thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| perivascular endothelial cells | #1 |
| brain liver failure | #1 |
| pca rats patients | #1 |
| kgdh decreased | #1 |
| edema complications | #1 |
| ammonia metabolism disorders | #1 |
| brain edema increases | #1 |
| alf include | #1 |
| autopsied brain tissue | #1 |
| compounds pyrithiamine | #1 |
| nh4 neurons | #1 |
| congenital otc deficiencies | #1 |
| 2 7fold increases | #1 |
| sites thiamine | #1 |
| increased extracellular brain | #1 |
| brain ammonia removal | #1 |
| disorders ammonia metabolism | #1 |
| excess bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency activities | #1 |
| restricted transfer cell | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic rats | #1 |
| portacaval pcs rats | #1 |
| daily injections thiamine | #1 |
| freechoice drinking paradigm | #1 |
| pfco fco | #1 |
| encephalopathy increased | #1 |
| lactate brain regions | #1 |
| pallidal binding sites | #1 |
| establishment adult activities | #1 |
| pathogenesis pse | #1 |
| pugh score iii | #1 |
| presence brain extracts | #1 |
| sgc cerebral cortex | #1 |
| role endogenous benzodiazepines | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase activities | #1 |
| astrocytic accumulation glutamine | #1 |
| genes brain edema | #1 |
| increased activity katpase | #1 |
| pregnanolone brain chemistry | #1 |
| activities alpha kgdh | #1 |
| increased activities tdpase | #1 |
| pca encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| surgical portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| glut1 alf | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptors | #1 |
| mice encephalopathy | #1 |
| taurine hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| lola mental state | #1 |
| shunted dogs | #1 |
| prevention brain | #1 |
| tdwt mice | #1 |
| pfco frontal cortex | #1 |
| relation energy metabolism | #1 |
| 3hnisoxetine sites | #1 |
| acute male microglia | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf | #1 |
| rats direct evidence | #1 |
| neuronal thalamus | #1 |
| astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| encephalopathy expression | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| ” benzodiazepine | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| pathophysiology hepatic | #1 |
| nac animal hepatic | #1 |
| decreased pdhc | #1 |
| subclass sites | #1 |
| seesection | #1 |
| regional variation bckdh | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| specific l3hnoarg binding | #1 |
| therapy refractive tle | #1 |
| hyperammonaemia brain function | #1 |
| receptor cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| ptbr densities | #1 |
| rats hepatic devascularization | #1 |
| surgical rna messenger | #1 |
| induction epileptic patients | #1 |
| novo synthesis gaba | #1 |
| glial filament network | #1 |
| maoa activities cerebellum | #1 |
| ldopa trace amines | #1 |
| alf effects | #1 |
| failure brain | #1 |
| proinflammatory mechanisms | #1 |
| spectrum neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #1 |
| bbb permeability alf | #1 |
| concomitantly increased | #1 |
| ammonia glutamate uptake | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient mothers | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathies | #1 |
| manganese pathogenesis | #1 |
| novo synthesis aspartate | #1 |
| alf rats precoma | #1 |
| psychometric testing risk | #1 |
| sgc activation brain | #1 |
| lornithinelaspartate prevention | #1 |
| igg extravasation reduction | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse model | #1 |
| aom mice nac | #1 |
| alf mild hypothermia | #1 |
| manganese etiology | #1 |
| neurobiology hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| peripheral steroidal sources | #1 |
| pbgd rat model | #1 |
| parkinsonism cirrhosis | #1 |
| densities ptbr sites | #1 |
| hypokinesia et495 | #1 |
| 100 microm manganese | #1 |
| measurement aqp4 levels | #1 |
| thiamine‐deficient rats | #1 |
| expression hyperglycemic | #1 |
| neurological symptoms normalisation | #1 |
| ptbr complex | #1 |
| rats alf | #1 |
| pyrithiamine pyruvate | #1 |
| precise role glutamine | #1 |
| ngnitrol3harginine | #1 |
| pca increased densities | #1 |
| preference pca | #1 |
| male pyrithiamine | #1 |
| died hepatic | #1 |
| mutant spf | #1 |
| removal bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| coma stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| congenital otc | #1 |
| flunitrazepam hepatic | #1 |
| liver pca rats | #1 |
| selective ptbr ligand | #1 |
| central thiamine antagonist | #1 |
| region selective alterations | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency result | #1 |
| locomotor activities difference | #1 |
| edema acute | #1 |
| cirrhosis psychometric testing | #1 |
| atp acetyl coa | #1 |
| mm nacl nacl | #1 |
| degree shunting hyperammonemia | #1 |
| 90 fmol protein | #1 |
| hypokinesia stereotaxic microinjection | #1 |
| nh4 forms neurons | #1 |
| iii flumazenil | #1 |
| alf glucose | #1 |
| expression ptbr | #1 |
| vulnerable medial | #1 |
| 2 mm ammonia | #1 |
| oatreated rats | #1 |
| prevents brain | #1 |
| ammonia central | #1 |
| hyperammonemic spf mice | #1 |
| pca astrocytic | #1 |
| experimental wernicke | #1 |
| neurotransmitter function | #1 |
| neuroinflammationinflammation | #1 |
| experimental portacaval shunt | #1 |
| phenols fig 1structure | #1 |
| cns complications alf | #1 |
| encephalopathy adult | #1 |
| encephalopathy central | #1 |
| ohe cirrhosis | #1 |
| hypothesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| brain herniation alf | #1 |
| findings therapeutic efficacy | #1 |
| flumazenil cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain | #1 |
| ammonia toxins | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics cirrhosis | #1 |
| nacl mm nacl | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium 7 | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites rats | #1 |
| inhibition bloodbrain transfer | #1 |
| widespread alterations | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding | #1 |
| pathogenesis neuronal loss | #1 |
| gut ammonia | #1 |
| caudate putamen 57 | #1 |
| alterations expression result | #1 |
| pca beta endorphin | #1 |
| alcoholthiamine interactions | #1 |
| liver normal cd1 | #1 |
| ammonialowering strategies | #1 |
| osmotic actions | #1 |
| neurological syndrome nature | #1 |
| ouabain doses | #1 |
| medial thalamus day | #1 |
| primary astrocytopathy | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency brains | #1 |
| catecholaminelike trace amines | #1 |
| blood ammonia improvement | #1 |
| alterations receptor sites | #1 |
| lola efficacy | #1 |
| 25mm nh4cl | #1 |
| xlinked inherited defect | #1 |
| csf concentrations ammonia | #1 |
| rats surgical probenecid | #1 |
| blood ammonia md | #1 |
| oxygenase1 hepatic | #1 |
| transverese friedreich ataxia | #1 |
| astrocyte morphology alterations | #1 |
| encephalopathy histamine humans | #1 |
| dawley amino | #1 |
| poor nutrition vitamin | #1 |
| hepatic devascularized rats | #1 |
| alf studies | #1 |
| etanercept decreased plasma | #1 |
| pfco cau | #1 |
| brain thiamine metabolism | #1 |
| 15–1788 | #1 |
| ohe prevention prophylaxis | #1 |
| severe pse | #1 |
| pfco brain tissue | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation addition | #1 |
| deficiency selective | #1 |
| brain consequent increases | #1 |
| circulating ammonia | #1 |
| pglycoprotein mild hypothermia | #1 |
| mmt manganese phosphate | #1 |
| ammonia intoxication rats | #1 |
| neurological complications alf | #1 |
| pallidal signal hyperintensity | #1 |
| onset hypoglycaemic convulsions | #1 |
| modulation nitric oxide | #1 |
| relation sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| thiamine monophosphatetmp | #1 |
| pathophysiology cirrhosis | #1 |
| finding loss | #1 |
| pyrithiamine rats | #1 |
| liver pca | #1 |
| hypothermia ammonia | #1 |
| omega 3 receptor | #1 |
| ampa sites | #1 |
| 3h 11195 | #1 |
| molecular standpoint | #1 |
| pse portalsystemic shunting | #1 |
| csf lactate accumulation | #1 |
| glucose loading decreases | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf rats | #1 |
| akgdh | #1 |
| regions pyrithiamine | #1 |
| alf rats | #1 |
| prevention ammoniaprecipitated coma | #1 |
| rat sustained hyperammonemia | #1 |
| lumbar gray matter | #1 |
| brain ammonia pca | #1 |
| pss rats | #1 |
| increased brain concentrations | #1 |
| gabaa ammonia animals | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase protein | #1 |
| neuromodulatory site | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine | #1 |
| predictive model investigator | #1 |
| transketolase tk activities | #1 |
| nonvulnerable fpc | #1 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine receptors | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient animals | #1 |
| older cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| cerebral hepatic levels | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients cau | #1 |
| findings ammonia | #1 |
| pathogenesis wernicke encephalopathy | #1 |
| metabolic scavengers | #1 |
| glutamate exposure ammonia | #1 |
| mhe life | #1 |
| hepatic coma patients | #1 |
| glutamine synthetase capacity | #1 |
| distribution l3hnoarg | #1 |
| combined metabolic stresses | #1 |
| model human disorder | #1 |
| components brain glutamate | #1 |
| portacavalshunted pcs rats | #1 |
| manifest altered expression | #1 |
| alpha1 isoform ec50 | #1 |
| ptbr nnos | #1 |
| therapy ornithine transcarbamylase | #1 |
| ethanol nutritional deficit | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| alf neuroinflammation | #1 |
| key astrocytic | #1 |
| induced stereotyped behavior | #1 |
| markedly impaired | #1 |
| brains alf rats | #1 |
| primary energy failure | #1 |
| regional lactate levels | #1 |
| cirrhosis vicious cycle | #1 |
| receptor ptbr | #1 |
| increased binding sites | #1 |
| hyperammonemic pathologies | #1 |
| spontaneous release glutamate | #1 |
| s‐3h5‐fluorowillardiine | #1 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzymes | #1 |
| gabaa neurosteroids | #1 |
| disproportionately levels | #1 |
| exposure azoxymethane | #1 |
| liver dysfunction findings | #1 |
| abnormal pyruvate oxidation | #1 |
| metabolites term fluorescence | #1 |
| wellestablished actions | #1 |
| brain glutamine severity | #1 |
| nac neurological complications | #1 |
| acids aaas | #1 |
| reactive gliosis contrast | #1 |
| rats portacaval | #1 |
| chronic hyperammonemia syndromes | #1 |
| alf azoxymethane | #1 |
| acute symptomatic animals | #1 |
| cell damage mechanisms | #1 |
| brain pca rats | #1 |
| progression thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| microglia neuroinflammatory response | #1 |
| 213caspartate | #1 |
| ethanol preference ratio | #1 |
| 062 009 liter | #1 |
| cirrhotic patients benzodiazepines | #1 |
| cerebral energy deficit | #1 |
| alzheimertype astrocytosis | #1 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes establishment | #1 |
| ammonia central nervous | #1 |
| 3hpk cultured astrocytes | #1 |
| 202 55 nm | #1 |
| ptbr mrna thalamus | #1 |
| symptomatic pyrithiamine | #1 |
| integrity gabaa receptors | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 human brain | #1 |
| cerebellar amino acids | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| pse lornithinelaspartate | #1 |
| rats pca | #1 |
| rate thiamine turnover | #1 |
| tdpase activities | #1 |
| inhibitors acute hyperammonemia | #1 |
| investigator neurological disorders | #1 |
| abstract5fluoromethylornithine | #1 |
| brain ptbr | #1 |
| liver diseases range | #1 |
| rats coma | #1 |
| restricted transfer glutamine | #1 |
| exposure proinflammatory | #1 |
| experimental model metabolic | #1 |
| glt1 transporter proteins | #1 |
| maob encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #1 |
| 3htryptamine receptor | #1 |
| 3hpk binding | #1 |
| inherited ataxias characteristics | #1 |
| liver failure neuroinflammation | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia thiaminedeficient | #1 |
| alterations 3h8ohdpat | #1 |
| shunting hyperammonemia rats | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen rats | #1 |
| ouabain pyrimethamine rats | #1 |
| 8 cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| cox2 cuznsod | #1 |
| thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| activities maob | #1 |
| rats insulin hypoglycaemia | #1 |
| bioaccumulation neuropathology | #1 |
| dawley ammonia | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency decreases | #1 |
| atrophy brain glutamate | #1 |
| neuroinflammation cns complications | #1 |
| ro15 10 microm | #1 |
| thalamus thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| cerebellar concentration aspartate | #1 |
| maternal thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| antagonist pyrithiamine | #1 |
| precipitation severe stages | #1 |
| failure hepatic | #1 |
| endogenous opioid brain | #1 |
| ohe mhe patients | #1 |
| brain cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| hepatic microcirculation patients | #1 |
| relation deterioration | #1 |
| fasting intravenous injection | #1 |
| reflex selective decreases | #1 |
| ligand3hpirenzepine | #1 |
| dawley thiamine | #1 |
| encephalopathy alcoholic | #1 |
| lcarnitinetreated | #1 |
| maximal binding absence | #1 |
| reflex pdhc activities | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 binding sites | #1 |
| decreased detoxification ammonia | #1 |
| alf mice deletion | #1 |
| human hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| alf increases | #1 |
| protective portacavalshunted rats | #1 |
| experimental portal | #1 |
| hepatic glt1 | #1 |
| severe liver atrophy | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy activation | #1 |
| increase brain extracts | #1 |
| normal conditions gut | #1 |
| reduction mild hypothermia | #1 |
| cau lobe hepatic | #1 |
| glyt1 mrna | #1 |
| noradrenaline transporter sites | #1 |
| type astrocytosis | #1 |
| 6hydroxydopamine anterolateral hypothalamus | #1 |
| precise nature | #1 |
| encephalopathy binding | #1 |
| inflammation thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| sgc activation lymphocytes | #1 |
| alf animals expression | #1 |
| neurological symptoms encephalopathy | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency alcoholics | #1 |
| surgical rna | #1 |
| brain edema rats | #1 |
| pbz binding site | #1 |
| reversal neurological symptoms | #1 |
| hyperglycemic focal | #1 |
| rtpcr experiments messenger | #1 |
| prevention ohe | #1 |
| increased glutamine synthesis | #1 |
| alterations brain dopamine | #1 |
| astrocytic integrity | #1 |
| encephalopathy animals | #1 |
| loss righting reflexes | #1 |
| l‐3hnitroarginine | #1 |
| wks spraguedawley receptors | #1 |
| astrocyte undergoes | #1 |
| edema cytokines | #1 |
| isomorphic model predictions | #1 |
| disorder portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| symptomatic stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| encephalopathy hypothermia | #1 |
| atp free coa | #1 |
| nh4cl glutamates hippocampus | #1 |
| chat loss | #1 |
| alterations neurological alterations | #1 |
| thiamine phosphatases | #1 |
| encephalopathy | #1 |
| hyperammonemia aaas | #1 |
| death wernicke | #1 |
| proinflammatory cytokines strategies | #1 |
| propanolamines putamen | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| surgical rats rats | #1 |
| elucidation neurotransmitter | #1 |
| csf ammonia control | #1 |
| selective reversible decreases | #1 |
| deterioration neurological status | #1 |
| brain levels dheas | #1 |
| spine neurochemical | #1 |
| animals thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| rendered ataxic | #1 |
| ptbr ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| neuroinflammation liver failure | #1 |
| glucose loading precipitates | #1 |
| alf35 | #1 |
| cuznsod cox2 | #1 |
| familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| pharmaceutical benzodiazepine | #1 |
| lola treatment | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| dissected brain tissue | #1 |
| cell increased synthesis | #1 |
| hereferences | #1 |
| aom treatment alf | #1 |
| caudate nucleus cau | #1 |
| brain glutamine | #1 |
| alf hypothermia | #1 |
| loss 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| cns wernickekorsakoff | #1 |
| vulnerable medial thalamus | #1 |
| deficiency densities | #1 |
| nmda receptor alf | #1 |
| manganese extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| alterations increased expression | #1 |
| efficacy lola | #1 |
| brain levels tmp | #1 |
| increased synthesis cell | #1 |
| investigator predictions | #1 |
| tmpase tdpase | #1 |
| severity brain edema | #1 |
| lcarnitine doses | #1 |
| animal pyridinium | #1 |
| humans wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| hyperammonemia accounts | #1 |
| maternal thiamine | #1 |
| patient olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #1 |
| concentrations olfactory bulb | #1 |
| neurosteroid modulatory | #1 |
| local brain production | #1 |
| αkgdh onset | #1 |
| specific energy metabolism | #1 |
| selective alterations | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain edema | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemia | #1 |
| 3h8ohdpat frontal cortex | #1 |
| ligand3hpk11195 | #1 |
| ptbr brain | #1 |
| transketolase enzyme activities | #1 |
| glutamine astrocyte | #1 |
| alf precise role | #1 |
| copper pallidum | #1 |
| direct hepatoprotective effects | #1 |
| brain ammonia concentrations | #1 |
| experimental thiamine | #1 |
| tnfα delayed progression | #1 |
| dehydrogenase complex transketolase | #1 |
| 70 tk | #1 |
| thiamine interactions | #1 |
| pca portacaval shunt | #1 |
| frontal cortex exp | #1 |
| concentrations serotonin precursor | #1 |
| failure amino | #1 |
| veratramines action parachlorophenylalanine | #1 |
| increased densities | #1 |
| increases glutamine | #1 |
| rat wernickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| decreased tdp concentrations | #1 |
| pathogenesis reversible symptoms | #1 |
| decreased expression glt1 | #1 |
| brain osmolytes | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient encephalopathy | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient brain | #1 |
| αkgdh | #1 |
| fig dansyl | #1 |
| bzrls cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| term fluorescence phenomenon | #1 |
| histamine receptor sites | #1 |
| autopsied frontal cortex | #1 |
| diencephalic cerebellar | #1 |
| histamine caudate putamen | #1 |
| alcoholrelated brain dysfunction | #1 |
| 15–1788 plasma levels | #1 |
| alf aom | #1 |
| brain hepatic | #1 |
| autopsied brain samples | #1 |
| result manganese deposition | #1 |
| decarboxylase hepatic | #1 |
| nh4oac administration | #1 |
| lornithine laspartate ammonia | #1 |
| liver spf mice | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency expression | #1 |
| reduction cognitive dysfunction | #1 |
| pathogenesis cerebral complications | #1 |
| mitochondrial enzyme αkgdh | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| nonsclerotic tle patients | #1 |
| reversible symptoms | #1 |
| raphe serotonin serotonin | #1 |
| brain portacaval | #1 |
| edema glutamine | #1 |
| circulating neurotoxins | #1 |
| portacaval | #1 |
| dying hepatic | #1 |
| increased activities maoa | #1 |
| pse neurotransmitter agents | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy neurobiology | #1 |
| effective approach onset | #1 |
| alterations pse | #1 |
| selectively increased | #1 |
| lipopolysaccharide precipitates | #1 |
| dansyl chloride microassay | #1 |
| alf relation | #1 |
| bilirubin ataxics | #1 |
| atp free coenzyme | #1 |
| portalsystemic encephalopathy | #1 |
| pyrithiaminetreated rats | #1 |
| alf brain edema | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral neuropathy | #1 |
| degree pss | #1 |
| methylspiperone pet | #1 |
| amines hepatic | #1 |
| loss tdpase activities | #1 |
| cerebral disorder | #1 |
| pdhc step | #1 |
| ucds liver failure | #1 |
| precoma coma stages | #1 |
| clinicallydefined entities | #1 |
| region selective | #1 |
| 57 caudate putamen | #1 |
| pca rats | #1 |
| alcoholic manganese | #1 |
| ammonia exposure brain | #1 |
| hepatic abnormality characteristics | #1 |
| rats antisense elements | #1 |
| varying degrees pss | #1 |
| pse increased densities | #1 |
| fco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| pss dopamine hepatic | #1 |
| pca portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| failure ammonia | #1 |
| novo lactate synthesis | #1 |
| daily pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| dipeptides hepatic | #1 |
| rats ouabain pyrimethamine | #1 |
| benzodiazepine site contrast | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy relationship | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency neurons | #1 |
| encephalopathy brain | #1 |
| mhe clinical practice | #1 |
| encephalopathy new | #1 |
| downregulation glutamate transporter | #1 |
| subjects transport defect | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mice | #1 |
| serum lad patients | #1 |
| brain edema complications | #1 |
| daily injections ldeprenyl | #1 |
| manganese distribution brain | #1 |
| loss nmda | #1 |
| additional bloodborne ammonia | #1 |
| bzrls | #1 |
| severe encephalopathy coma | #1 |
| ldopa octopamine | #1 |
| peripheral inflammation etanercept | #1 |
| csf concentrations bzrls | #1 |
| portacaval shunting activities | #1 |
| spraguedawley statistics immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| maob cerebellum | #1 |
| shunted rats presence | #1 |
| unchanged brain | #1 |
| thalamus pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| neurosteroids hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| brain prominent neurotoxin | #1 |
| response alf | #1 |
| pca penicillamine | #1 |
| deficiency encephalopathy | #1 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder evidence | #1 |
| increased gabaergic | #1 |
| encephalopathy nitrogen | #1 |
| alf nmda receptor | #1 |
| acute male pregnenolone | #1 |
| leigh disease forms | #1 |
| mild hypothermia prevention | #1 |
| mechanisms wemickes encephalopathy | #1 |
| animal hepatectomy hepatitis | #1 |
| pathogenesis clinic | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis tips | #1 |
| free neurological | #1 |
| brains increased concentrations | #1 |
| alcoholic peripheral | #1 |
| affinity ptbr | #1 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy expression | #1 |
| congenital hyperammonemia lcarnitine | #1 |
| that11cpk11195 | #1 |
| severity akinesia | #1 |
| caudate putamen sum | #1 |
| deficiency wernicke | #1 |
| liver spleen ratios | #1 |
| cau cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| pca activities | #1 |
| activation brain ptbr | #1 |
| deficiency prior | #1 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase lad | #1 |
| increased expression ptbribp | #1 |
| densities 3hpk11195 sites | #1 |
| cirrhotic brain tissue | #1 |
| 3hcitalopram sites | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry cox2 immunoreactivity | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemic syndromes | #1 |
| brain altered expression | #1 |
| lad platelets | #1 |
| encephalopathy cirrhosis | #1 |
| pathogenesis brain edema | #1 |
| content pallidum | #1 |
| astrocytic glycine transporter | #1 |
| alterations brain glutamate | #1 |
| nimesulide thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| pca brainstem | #1 |
| genetic xlinked deficiency | #1 |
| ptbr expression pathogenesis | #1 |
| nakatpase activities striatum | #1 |
| portacaval anastomosis brain | #1 |
| akinesia rats | #1 |
| brain ammonia measurement | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency synthesis | #1 |
| tissues spf mice | #1 |
| lactate medial thalamus | #1 |
| ammonia mechanisms | #1 |
| clf alf | #1 |
| muscarinic m1 sites | #1 |
| deficiency transketolase | #1 |
| brains pcs rats | #1 |
| expression ptbrs | #1 |
| age time interval | #1 |
| mg2dependentatpase | #1 |
| ammoniainduced reduction | #1 |
| 11 thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| humans gabaa steroids | #1 |
| ptbr increased expression | #1 |
| fco cau | #1 |
| routine neurological evaluation | #1 |
| reduced thiamine intake | #1 |
| occludin medial thalamus | #1 |
| ptbribp | #1 |
| previous portacaval anastomoses | #1 |
| wernicke′s encephalopathy | #1 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms pathogenesis | #1 |
| overt encephalopathy alterations | #1 |
| activities thiamine | #1 |
| development nutritional recommendations | #1 |
| encephalopathy zidovudine | #1 |
| glutamine resonance | #1 |
| etanercept treatment reduction | #1 |
| pathogenesis hepatic encephalopathy | #1 |
| ammonia liver failure | #1 |
| tissue distribution neuropathology | #1 |
| brain congenital | #1 |
| activities neuronal | #1 |
| pca loss | #1 |
| “peripheraltype | #1 |
| betaactin housekeeping gene | #1 |
| oatreated rats alf | #1 |
| therapeutic efficacy prevention | #1 |
| lola nash | #1 |
| 15–1788 pharmacokinetics | #1 |
| lcarnitine energy metabolites | #1 |
| brain distribution rats | #1 |
| encephalopathy selective loss | #1 |
| taurines role | #1 |
| pse surgical probenecid | #1 |
| brain human experimental | #1 |
| ammoniainduced inhibition | #1 |
| pse complication | #1 |
| loss transporter sites | #1 |
| muscle portacaval shunting | #1 |
| glur3 subunits opca | #1 |
| monoaminergic synaptic function | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy integrity | #1 |
| encephalopathy pse | #1 |
| precoma | #1 |
| liver failure increases | #1 |
| cox2 il1beta mrna | #1 |
| cerebral aminoacids | #1 |
| direct evidence rats | #1 |
| ldeprenyl thiamine deficiency | #1 |
| 5mm nh4cl p0001 | #1 |
| ligand 3hpk11195 | #1 |
| pyrithiamine | #1 |
| nh4ac rats | #1 |
| ammonia proinflammatory | #1 |
| evidence thiamine deprivation | #1 |
| liver failure ucds | #1 |
| mbr astrocytes | #1 |
| cerebral cortex hypokinesia | #1 |
| stages encephalopathy | #1 |
| animal model encephalopathy | #1 |
| encephalopathy il1beta | #1 |
| initial reports pathogenesis | #1 |
| genes astrocytic proteins | #1 |
| edema energy | #1 |
| synthesis intercellular transport | #1 |
| pse probenecid | #1 |
| spf mouse | #1 |
| azoxymethane mouse | #1 |
| regionselective alterations | #1 |
| albumin dialysis systems | #1 |
| pfco | #1 |
| etanercept hepatic | #1 |
| 7 thiaminedeficient medium | #1 |
| 3hkainate sites | #1 |
| otc deficiency activities | #1 |
| thiamine deficiency implications | #1 |
| pbz receptor densities | #1 |
| normalisation enzyme activities | #1 |
| 10 microm flumazenil | #1 |
| accumulate brain | #1 |
| hereditary familial hyperbilirubinemia | #1 |
| ammonia pca | #1 |
| encephalopathy thiamine | #1 |
| postshunt myelopathy | #1 |
| exclusion brain diseases | #1 |
| protein coma stages | #1 |
| failure alanine | #1 |
| testis densities | #1 |
| astrocytes ammonia levels | #1 |
| friedreichs ataxia dehydrogenase | #1 |
| pyrithiamine treatment | #1 |
| capacity cerebral cortex | #1 |
| ptbr alterations | #1 |
| free coa atp | #1 |
| csf benzodiazepine | #1 |
| brain edema encephalopathy | #1 |
| pse altered expression | #1 |
| metabolism ammonia | #1 |
| effective urea cycle | #1 |
| alf proinflammatory | #1 |
| 32°c–35°c | #1 |
| surgical probenecid rats | #1 |
| alcohol‐thiamine interactions | #1 |
| tk activity onset | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans opioid | #1 |
| reduction bbb breakdown | #1 |
| pfco cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| nuclei fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| cyclase content | #1 |
| enzyme perivenous hepatocytes | #1 |
| isoquinoline benzodiazepine ligands | #1 |
| rats fpc | #1 |
| csf portacaval anastomosis | #1 |
| fur spf | #1 |
| alf hepatic | #1 |
| thiaminedeficient ataxic gait | #1 |
| cirrhosis nature | #1 |
| encephalopathy vivo | #1 |
| muscle ammonia removal | #1 |
| gaba 11 | #1 |
| platelet taurine uptake | #1 |
| encephalopathy cau | #1 |
| protective findings | #1 |
| onset brain edema | #1 |
| alf evidence | #1 |
| hepatocerebral disorders | #1 |
| blood manganese etiology | #1 |
| neuronastrocytic trafficking | #1 |
| pss degree | #1 |
| l‐deprenyl treatment | #1 |
| ammonia increased production | #1 |
| psychometric testing falls | #1 |
| sparsefur spf mouse | #1 |
| hippocampus cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| etanercept il6 levels | #1 |
| central thiamine | #1 |
| encephalopathy humans pallidus | #1 |
| hypothermia brain | #1 |
| manganese deposition | #1 |
| human brain ammonia | #1 |
| glut1 expression alf | #1 |
| homogenates cirrhotic patients | #1 |
| caudate putamen concentrations | #1 |
| congenital ornithine | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 ligands | #1 |
| continues rely | #1 |
| hepatic coma bbb | #1 |
| pregnenolone brain tissue | #1 |
| enos gene deletion | #1 |
| cox2 ca1 subfield | #1 |
| etanercepttreated alf mice | #1 |
| stages igg immunohistochemistry | #1 |
| 071−084 | #1 |
| pse csf lactate | #1 |
| modulatory sites | #1 |
| pathogenetic defect | #1 |
| mrnas ampa receptor | #1 |
| pglycoprotein willebrand factor | #1 |
| serotonin precursor metabolite | #1 |
| nnos expression result | #1 |
| fastigial interpositus | #1 |
| muscarinic thiamine | #1 |
| autopsy brain choline | #1 |
| p005 5mm nh4cl | #1 |
| acquired hyperammonemic | #1 |
| encephalopathy alf | #1 |
| wernickes encephalopathy aids | #1 |
| etanercept biological plausibility | #1 |
| spf mice activities | #1 |
| 3hpk11195 rats | #1 |
| pons thiamine treatment | #1 |
| thdoc brain tissue | #1 |
| tdpase tdpase activities | #1 |
| expression glyt1 transporter | #1 |
| sodium benzoate atp | #1 |
| thalamus symptomatic | #1 |
| benzoate spf | #1 |
| ptbr expression | #1 |
| experimental alf increases | #1 |
| brain ammonia reduction | #1 |
| immunohistochemistry spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| alf37 degrees | #1 |
| altered thiamine neurochemistry | #1 |
| bbb animal hepatic | #1 |
| cirrhosis brain dysfunction | #1 |
| focal lactic acidosis | #1 |
| anastomosis ammonia | #1 |
| sites ptbr | #1 |
| azoxymethane toxicity | #1 |
| hepatic encephalopathy authors | #1 |
| disorder isomorphic model | #1 |
| coma edema stages | #1 |
| opca messenger receptors | #1 |
| glast spraguedawley statistics | #1 |
| tdpase encephalopathy humans | #1 |
| mild hypothermia reduction | #1 |
| symptoms wernicke | #1 |
| aom nac | #1 |
| matkowskyj | #1 |
| acute chronic hyperammonemia | #1 |
| cirrhosis extrapyramidal symptoms | #1 |
| acute hyperammonemia activation | #1 |
| major role mechanisms | #1 |
| betaep brain | #1 |
| alf37 alf37 degrees | #1 |
| form ataxia | #2 |
| thirtytwo cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| isomorphic models | #2 |
| reflex stage | #2 |
| ammonia detoxification glutamine | #2 |
| plasma proinflammatory cytokines | #2 |
| gabaa encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| thiamine dependent | #2 |
| densities binding sites | #2 |
| thdoc fold | #2 |
| congenital hyperammonemias | #2 |
| increase coma | #2 |
| nash addition | #2 |
| brain portacaval shunting | #2 |
| thiamine turnover | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy patients | #2 |
| ataxic animals | #2 |
| neuropsychiatric complication | #2 |
| ammonia central role | #2 |
| alpha kgdh | #2 |
| reduced brain dheas | #2 |
| treatment cns complications | #2 |
| autopsy delay intervals | #2 |
| brain levels neurosteroids | #2 |
| pathogenesis friedreichs ataxia | #2 |
| activities muscle | #2 |
| mri neurological evaluation | #2 |
| decreased reuptake | #2 |
| chronic thiamine | #2 |
| alf control | #2 |
| alcoholics absence | #2 |
| thiamine phosphorylation | #2 |
| reduction dopamine turnover | #2 |
| edematous cerebral cortex | #2 |
| mice acetaminophen toxicity | #2 |
| gaba ammonia | #2 |
| brain taurine concentrations | #2 |
| induced liver failure | #2 |
| brain dehydroepiandrosterone dhea | #2 |
| encephalopathy onset | #2 |
| portacaval anastomosis pca | #2 |
| nmda receptor pca | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gabaa | #2 |
| rats portacaval anastomosis | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheter | #2 |
| cholinergic neuronal loss | #2 |
| 970±079 | #2 |
| neurons glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent | #2 |
| encephalopathy aids | #2 |
| thiaminedependent enzymes | #2 |
| hypokinesia produced | #2 |
| dheas body fatigue | #2 |
| alanine frontal cortex | #2 |
| pathogenesis portal | #2 |
| cerebellum output | #2 |
| aged muscimol | #2 |
| disorder mystery | #2 |
| precoma stages p001 | #2 |
| liver failure studies | #2 |
| early precoma stages | #2 |
| bergmann glial pathology | #2 |
| ataxia animals | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation | #2 |
| allopregnanolone fold | #2 |
| concentrations ammonium chloride | #2 |
| lactate coma stages | #2 |
| selective increase | #2 |
| failure altered | #2 |
| brain lactate synthesis | #2 |
| modulation sgc | #2 |
| pyrithiamine treated | #2 |
| computed wernicke encephalopathy | #2 |
| rats thiamine | #2 |
| progression ohe | #2 |
| increased manganese | #2 |
| ligand 3hpk | #2 |
| ouabain upregulation | #2 |
| neuropathic pain etanercept | #2 |
| encephalopathy glutamine concentrations | #2 |
| hepatic cerebral | #2 |
| liver spf | #2 |
| loss eaat2 protein | #2 |
| alpha1 sites | #2 |
| 3beta5alphathp | #2 |
| death thiamine | #2 |
| coma stages p001 | #2 |
| failure alf | #2 |
| cortical astrocytes ammonia | #2 |
| brain samples alcoholics | #2 |
| responsible neurological | #2 |
| encephalopathy major | #2 |
| rat brain relation | #2 |
| astrocytic benzodiazepine | #2 |
| increased levels pregnenolone | #2 |
| restricted transfer | #2 |
| edema hepatic | #2 |
| novo synthesis lactate | #2 |
| symptomatic rats | #2 |
| 26 153 | #2 |
| neuroinhibitory steroids | #2 |
| thiaminedeficient mice | #2 |
| haloperiodol | #2 |
| shunted pcs | #2 |
| animal hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| ohe encephalopathy humans | #2 |
| activities choline acetyltransferase | #2 |
| tyrosine tyr levels | #2 |
| phosphate sulfate mixture | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients pathology | #2 |
| dheas bdl rats | #2 |
| encephalopathy acute | #2 |
| male portacaval shunt | #2 |
| gfap immunoreactivity degree | #2 |
| brain organic myoinositol | #2 |
| pallidum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| wks decreased activities | #2 |
| 3acetyl pyridine | #2 |
| hydrolases aged | #2 |
| concentrations gammaguanidinobutyric acid | #2 |
| sites increased | #2 |
| sgc brain | #2 |
| cerebral edema loss | #2 |
| spf mutant mice | #2 |
| diseases manganese | #2 |
| central neuroinflammatory | #2 |
| systemic encephalopathy | #2 |
| pallidal manganese | #2 |
| degree gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| aqp4 cerebral cortex | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy complication | #2 |
| kinetics taurine | #2 |
| ammonia gabaergic neurotransmission | #2 |
| body fatigue rats | #2 |
| wks enzyme activities | #2 |
| ornithine aminotransferase administration | #2 |
| extracellular brain | #2 |
| binding 3hpk11195 | #2 |
| experimental alf | #2 |
| hyperammonemia increased | #2 |
| liver cirrhosis activation | #2 |
| thiaminedeficiency | #2 |
| edema alf | #2 |
| tdp dependent enzymes | #2 |
| deficiency include | #2 |
| mouse astrocytes effects | #2 |
| serum lad | #2 |
| nitric oxide brain | #2 |
| encephalopathy wernicke | #2 |
| sustained deficiency arginine | #2 |
| vulnerable brain structures | #2 |
| enzyme deficits | #2 |
| plasma levels 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| lower levels arginine | #2 |
| disorder loss | #2 |
| controls 3alpha5alphathp | #2 |
| symptoms thiamine | #2 |
| densities bmax | #2 |
| iggimmunoreactivity | #2 |
| glutamine intracranial | #2 |
| csf ammonia | #2 |
| moderate grade iii | #2 |
| electrified grid | #2 |
| reduced brain levels | #2 |
| glutamine hepatic | #2 |
| liver thiamine | #2 |
| l‐ornithine‐l‐aspartate | #2 |
| sustained hyperammonemia | #2 |
| impaired gaba function | #2 |
| ammonia animal hepatic | #2 |
| immunohistochemistry liver failure | #2 |
| dheas hepatic | #2 |
| decreased gfap immunoreactivity | #2 |
| hyperammonemia synaptosomes | #2 |
| ammoniainduced alterations | #2 |
| 3alpha5betathp patients | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency patients | #2 |
| gammagba | #2 |
| computerized autotrack | #2 |
| membranes tomography | #2 |
| concentrations dheas | #2 |
| thiamine‐dependent enzyme | #2 |
| 150 dose increase | #2 |
| brain edema concentrations | #2 |
| rats cortex male | #2 |
| ammonia octanoic acid | #2 |
| fold thdoc | #2 |
| treatment asparagine | #2 |
| model wernicke | #2 |
| osmotic effects glutamine | #2 |
| animals hepatic | #2 |
| pyrithiamine induced | #2 |
| human brain contrast | #2 |
| protein levels glast | #2 |
| brains 36 patients | #2 |
| portacaval shunting | #2 |
| kidney ammonia | #2 |
| 4week portacaval | #2 |
| intracranial hypertension alf | #2 |
| pyrithiamine rats rats | #2 |
| glt1 increased | #2 |
| increasing dheas currents | #2 |
| brain shunted rats | #2 |
| reduced concentrations dheas | #2 |
| indomethacin locomotor deficit | #2 |
| 3hpk11195 brain regions | #2 |
| increase coma stages | #2 |
| encephalopathy portacaval | #2 |
| dheas reduced | #2 |
| millimolar concentrations brain | #2 |
| defect membrane transport | #2 |
| pathophysiologic mechanisms | #2 |
| precoma coma | #2 |
| increased brain turnover | #2 |
| fold allopregnanolone | #2 |
| 3000 microg m3 | #2 |
| cns consequences | #2 |
| brain lactate increase | #2 |
| mental state trials | #2 |
| improvement mental state | #2 |
| implicated pathogenesis | #2 |
| ammoniainduced neurotoxicity | #2 |
| development ethanol preference | #2 |
| glutamate syndrome | #2 |
| cerebral complications alf | #2 |
| bath concentration ammonia | #2 |
| precoma stages increase | #2 |
| cuznsod mrna cuznsod | #2 |
| cerebellum cirrhotic patients | #2 |
| 3alpha5alphathp 3alpha5betathp | #2 |
| pca brain regions | #2 |
| swelling cortical astrocytes | #2 |
| alf drug | #2 |
| gabaa receptor indomethacin | #2 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone fold | #2 |
| densities binding | #2 |
| mrna expression gfap | #2 |
| isomorphic model | #2 |
| thiamine bloodbrain barrier | #2 |
| increased activities | #2 |
| mice congenital | #2 |
| thp metabolites fatigue | #2 |
| deficient encephalopathy | #2 |
| pdh activity platelets | #2 |
| thiamine deprivation loss | #2 |
| methyhistamine | #2 |
| neurons nmr | #2 |
| ammonia metabolism astrocytes | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ohe | #2 |
| shunted | #2 |
| wernickes encephalopathy | #2 |
| 67 coma stages | #2 |
| thiamine deficiency wks | #2 |
| 2 flumazenil | #2 |
| increased novo synthesis | #2 |
| vesicular dysfunction | #2 |
| brain glutamine synthesis | #2 |
| cisterna magna catheters | #2 |
| modulation brain | #2 |
| 5ht turnover brain | #2 |
| hyperammonaemia hepatic encephalopathy | #2 |
| 2 brain samples | #2 |
| activities maoa | #2 |
| carboxamide binding | #2 |
| bckdh bckdh activity | #2 |
| alf mrna expression | #2 |
| hyperammonemic brain | #2 |
| inbred strains glutamine | #2 |
| pca rats allopregnanolone | #2 |
| liver failure gfap | #2 |
| encephalopathy histamine | #2 |
| taurine platelets | #2 |
| gammagba nalphaacetylarginine nalphaaa | #2 |
| hepatic encephalopathy controls | #2 |
| mice alf | #2 |
| glutamate glur2 | #2 |
| neuronal loss alterations | #2 |
| lornithinelaspartate | #2 |
| loss eaat2 expression | #2 |
| cirrhotic patients modulation | #2 |
| neurobiological characterization | #3 |
| potent neuroactive properties | #3 |
| acrylamide pyrithiamine | #3 |
| rats pathogenesis | #3 |
| protective glutamine | #3 |
| altered glial | #3 |
| operated controls | #3 |
| testis preparations | #3 |
| neurotransmission failure | #3 |
| midbrain turnover study | #3 |
| effects ldeprenyl | #3 |
| central cholinergic deficit | #3 |
| 13 consecutive weeks | #3 |
| akinesia corneal reflex | #3 |
| predictions disorder | #3 |
| onset neurological signs | #3 |
| reflex serotonin βendorphin | #3 |
| statistical significance regions | #3 |
| thiamine phosphate | #3 |
| acids relation | #3 |
| addition astrocyte morphology | #3 |
| cellspecific pathways | #3 |
| decreased densities | #3 |
| gfap mrna gfap | #3 |
| turnover study rats | #3 |
| βendorphin decreased concentrations | #3 |
| glutamine brain edema | #3 |
| encephalopathy inflammation | #3 |
| 38 alcoholic patients | #3 |
| lobe hepatic | #3 |
| brain densities | #3 |
| rats pse | #3 |
| signs mild personality | #3 |
| liver–brain axis | #3 |
| encephalopathy hepatic | #3 |
| coma stage | #3 |
| pallidus hepatic | #3 |
| intraneuronal release | #3 |
| decreased concentrations striatum | #3 |
| globus pallidus putamen | #3 |
| controls emax | #3 |
| neuroglial proteins | #3 |
| brain concentrations rats | #3 |
| thiamine deficiency wernicke | #3 |
| repetitive removal | #3 |
| mhe lola | #3 |
| portocaval anastomosis pca | #3 |
| glial cells ammonia | #3 |
| αketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #3 |
| mrna ammonia | #3 |
| ganglia structures | #3 |
| cogent explanation | #3 |
| major neurotransmitter systems | #3 |
| tissue ornithine concentrations | #3 |
| rats pyrithiamine | #3 |
| astrocyte glutamine | #3 |
| models thiamine | #3 |
| transketolase activities | #3 |
| administration ammonium | #3 |
| ammonia energy metabolism | #3 |
| homogenates frontal cortex | #3 |
| activities reduced | #3 |
| binding sites heart | #3 |
| transporter snat5 | #3 |
| hepatic devascularized rat | #3 |
| prevents cerebral | #3 |
| animals coma | #3 |
| doubt25 ammonia | #3 |
| late symptomatic stages | #3 |
| brain portocaval anastomosis | #3 |
| activities brains | #3 |
| ammonia glutamate | #3 |
| selective down‐regulation | #3 |
| cholinergic m1 | #3 |
| kornetsky | #3 |
| cirrhosis agents | #3 |
| decreased aspartate | #3 |
| decreased concentrations αmt | #3 |
| increases il1beta | #3 |
| 5fmorn treatment | #3 |
| il6 levels brain | #3 |
| animals profiles | #3 |
| increased ptbr | #3 |
| increased uptake capacity | #3 |
| ishen guidelines | #3 |
| nmda subclass | #3 |
| brain improvement | #3 |
| electrically stimulated release | #3 |
| amphetamine amphetamine animals | #3 |
| pbgd study | #3 |
| brain edema alf | #3 |
| portacavalshunted rats | #3 |
| congenital hyperammonemia | #3 |
| alf animals | #3 |
| peripheral‐type | #3 |
| αmt midbrain | #3 |
| astrocytic cell swelling | #3 |
| autotrack | #3 |
| hepatobiliary route | #3 |
| singlesite model | #3 |
| hypothermia brain edema | #3 |
| cerebral cortex pons | #3 |
| doubt25 | #3 |
| humans neurotransmitter | #3 |
| akinesia βendorphin | #3 |
| ammonia hepatic | #3 |
| ammonia swelling | #3 |
| blood transketolase | #3 |
| ammoniainduced impairment | #3 |
| αmt βendorphin | #3 |
| deficiency thiamine | #3 |
| total brain glutamine | #3 |
| hepatic encephalopathy humans | #3 |
| cerebellar amino | #3 |
| glutamate transporter cells | #3 |
| deficiency acidosis | #3 |
| portacaval anastomosis rats | #3 |
| platelets 10 patients | #3 |
| coma equal | #3 |
| skeletal portacaval shunt | #3 |
| encephalopathy aged | #3 |
| pdhc acetyl coa | #3 |
| edema intracranial | #3 |
| protein hepatic | #3 |
| concentrations αmt | #3 |
| regions cns | #3 |
| corneal reflex apomorphine | #3 |
| cerebellum activities | #3 |
| pathogenesis central | #3 |
| homologous models | #3 |
| βendorphin apomorphine basal | #3 |
| acids cerebrospinal | #3 |
| male portacaval | #3 |
| effects ro15 | #3 |
| glutamates hippocampus rats | #3 |
| carnitine ammonia | #3 |
| precoma stages | #3 |
| muscle glutamine synthetase | #3 |
| drug situ nickend | #3 |
| odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| cirrhosis iii | #3 |
| selective brain lesions | #3 |
| acute ammonia exposure | #3 |
| pdh friedreich | #3 |
| βendorphin akinesia | #3 |
| 5fmorn | #3 |
| ammonia‐induced brain edema | #3 |
| ammonia brain edema | #3 |
| strains thiamine | #3 |
| increase brain lactate | #3 |
| pca odn immunolabeling | #3 |
| ammoniatreated cells | #3 |
| rats glutamates hippocampus | #3 |
| vitro binding technique | #3 |
| synthesis aspartate | #3 |
| medium 5 mm | #3 |
| alcoholics wks | #3 |
| genial expression | #3 |
| 320350 degrees | #3 |
| treatment portalsystemic encephalopathy | #3 |
| adequate substrates | #3 |
| type ” | #3 |
| abstract hepatic encephalopathy | #3 |
| 3hdaspartate uptake | #3 |
| hepatic neurological | #3 |
| severity reviews see1–4 | #3 |
| cholestasis‐associated fatigue | #3 |
| mk‐801‐sensitive nitration | #3 |
| deletion delays | #3 |
| rats αmt | #3 |
| lcarnitine atp | #3 |
| pcs rat brain | #3 |
| basal ganglia βendorphin | #3 |
| bckdh activity rats | #3 |
| pallidal signals | #3 |
| hyperammonemia acute | #3 |
| tetrahydrodesoxycorticosterone | #3 |
| abstract mild hypothermia | #3 |
| endogenous agonists role | #3 |
| thiamine deficient | #3 |
| cases alcohol abuse | #4 |
| pse increased | #4 |
| 6 hrs alf | #4 |
| ouabainlike compounds | #4 |
| severe neuronal dysfunction | #4 |
| histaminergic histamine | #4 |
| cerebral cortex kidney | #4 |
| activities prefrontal cortex | #4 |
| brain pregnenolone content | #4 |
| astrocytic metabolic | #4 |
| newly synthesized glutamine | #4 |
| early microglial response | #4 |
| taurine friedreichs ataxia | #4 |
| thiamine deficiency rats | #4 |
| brain dopamine receptor | #4 |
| opioid pca | #4 |
| administration central | #4 |
| amino acids regions | #4 |
| 5 mm nh4cl | #4 |
| rats portacaval shunting | #4 |
| brain hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| thiamine diphosphatase | #4 |
| thiochrome derivatives | #4 |
| postsynaptic action | #4 |
| treatment hepatic encephalopathy | #4 |
| astrocytic genes | #4 |
| hepatocytes ascorbate | #4 |
| protein expression brain | #4 |
| alcohol thiamine deficiency | #4 |
| brain energy failure | #4 |
| brain neuroinflammation | #4 |
| locomotor deficit | #4 |
| encephalopathy coma | #4 |
| izuru matsumoto | #4 |
| degree alzheimer type | #4 |
| aged pyruvate | #4 |
| edema gene | #4 |
| tdpase | #4 |
| brain thiamine | #4 |
| peripheral‐type benzodiazepine | #4 |
| alcoholism thiamine | #4 |
| vitro techniques ketoglutarate | #4 |
| anastomosis rat | #4 |
| tspo sites | #4 |
| shamoperated controls | #4 |
| p001 hypothermia | #4 |
| alf | #4 |
| increased concentrations prostaglandins | #4 |
| glt1 transcript | #4 |
| sham mmars | #4 |
| transketolase wernicke | #4 |
| alf expression | #4 |
| synaptic membrane preparations | #4 |
| effects mild hypothermia | #4 |
| wernickekorsakoff syndrome | #4 |
| thiamine‐deficient rat brain | #4 |
| acute ammonia treatment | #4 |
| condition development | #4 |
| activities brain | #4 |
| thp metabolites | #4 |
| thiamine antagonist | #4 |
| subclinical seizure activity | #4 |
| time mmars | #4 |
| lornithine laspartate | #4 |
| increased brain glutamine | #4 |
| animals liver failure | #4 |
| inbred strains ammonia | #4 |
| albumin dialysis alf | #4 |
| shunted rats | #4 |
| affinities densities | #4 |
| decreased activities | #4 |
| onset severe encephalopathy | #4 |
| brain edema increase | #4 |
| gaba friedreich | #4 |
| deoxyglucose endothelium | #4 |
| maoa isoform | #4 |
| increased icp alf | #4 |
| mmars time | #4 |
| rat brain pca | #4 |
| arterial ammonia mmars | #4 |
| otcdeficient mice | #4 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms patients | #4 |
| brain 5ht release | #4 |
| neurotransmitter dysfunction | #4 |
| inflammation mediators icp | #4 |
| brain glutamic | #4 |
| regional amino | #4 |
| inos mnsod | #4 |
| 13 moles | #4 |
| loss glt1 | #4 |
| elevated ammonia levels | #4 |
| acute liver failure | #4 |
| rats βendorphin | #4 |
| benzodiazepines increase | #4 |
| liver brain | #4 |
| alf brain | #4 |
| ions synaptic | #4 |
| tdinduced cell death | #4 |
| expression alf | #4 |
| plasma clearance groups | #4 |
| postmortem delay interval | #4 |
| guanylate cyclase patients | #4 |
| calcium microsomes | #4 |
| rats asparagine | #4 |
| ornithine aspartate | #4 |
| ammonia levels blood | #4 |
| arterial ammonia alf | #4 |
| thiamine thiamine pyrophosphate | #4 |
| mhe mildest form | #4 |
| normal coupling | #4 |
| mmars increased icp | #4 |
| ouabain ec50 | #4 |
| carnitine energy | #4 |
| mmars brain water | #4 |
| patients wernicke | #4 |
| cbf inflammatory mediators | #4 |
| xlinked deficiency | #4 |
| amino acids areas | #4 |
| surgical rna rats | #4 |
| locomotor evaluation | #4 |
| ischemic liver failure | #4 |
| total shunting | #4 |
| activities glutamine synthetase | #4 |
| thiamine deficient animals | #4 |
| icp arterial ammonia | #4 |
| liver central | #4 |
| cerebral amino acids | #4 |
| aspartate lola | #5 |
| thiamine status | #5 |
| reduction glutamate | #5 |
| rats portacaval shunts | #5 |
| vulnerable brain | #5 |
| cytokines ammonia | #5 |
| branchedchain analysis | #5 |
| homologous model | #5 |
| complication acute | #5 |
| currents concentrations | #5 |
| hepatic encephalopathy gaba | #5 |
| brain ammonia | #5 |
| pet scan study | #5 |
| liver assist devices | #5 |
| acetyl pyridine | #5 |
| studied brain | #5 |
| ammonia muscle | #5 |
| amino acid regions | #5 |
| adequate experimental models | #5 |
| pregnenolone content | #5 |
| spf mice controls | #5 |
| genetics astrocytes blotting | #5 |
| glur2 glur3 subunits | #5 |
| alcoholic receptors | #5 |
| glutamine hypothesis | #5 |
| allopregnanolone gabaa | #5 |
| hyperammonemia liver | #5 |
| spectroscopy tomography emissioncomputed | #5 |
| exposure cultured astrocytes | #5 |
| kgdh | #5 |
| anterolateral hypothalamus | #5 |
| rats fatigue | #5 |
| age matched subjects | #5 |
| vulnerable regions | #5 |
| maoa function | #5 |
| responsible brain | #5 |
| hand densities | #5 |
| ammonia removal | #5 |
| convulsions onset | #5 |
| allopregnanolone thdoc | #5 |
| acute magnetic | #5 |
| mild personality | #5 |
| latenight snack | #5 |
| ammonia metabolism | #5 |
| hexyl1h | #5 |
| maoa activities | #5 |
| cerebral hepatic | #5 |
| methioninesulfoximine | #5 |
| liver disease rats | #5 |
| kinetics pharmacology | #5 |
| chronic exposure manganese | #5 |
| manganese astrocytes | #5 |
| activities gad | #5 |
| brain glutamate concentrations | #5 |
| acute rats rats | #5 |
| alterations glutamatergic | #5 |
| sustained deficiency | #5 |
| transporter sites | #5 |
| activities choline | #5 |
| cns ammonia | #5 |
| tk activities | #5 |
| encephalopathy cerebral | #5 |
| pse encephalopathy humans | #5 |
| neurotransmitter pool | #5 |
| sites peripheral | #5 |
| brain acute | #5 |
| mmars | #5 |
| extracellular quin | #5 |
| wernicke | #5 |
| topic rifaximin | #5 |
| tissue autopsy | #5 |
| reserpinelike | #5 |
| 45 cirrhotic patients | #5 |
| saturation binding isotherms | #5 |
| prevention prophylaxis | #5 |
| kstimulated ca2dependent release | #5 |
| ammonia lowering | #5 |
| patients hepatic | #5 |
| astrocytic | #5 |
| thiaminedeficient diet | #5 |
| glutamate symporters | #5 |
| result altered | #5 |
| medial thalamus | #5 |
| surgical receptors | #5 |
| brain histamine receptors | #5 |
| monoamines metabolites | #5 |
| intracranial hypertension rats | #5 |
| laspartate lola | #5 |
| increases ammonia | #5 |
| congenital urea | #5 |
| content modulation | #5 |
| neurological status | #5 |
| treatment malnutrition | #5 |
| gait animals | #5 |
| publication animals rats | #5 |
| onset coma | #5 |
| tpp cofactor | #5 |
| amino acids pathogenesis | #5 |
| activities cerebellum | #5 |
| alf ammonia | #5 |
| hyperammonemic | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding | #6 |
| lola improvement | #6 |
| concomitant 24fold increase | #6 |
| ascorbate protects | #6 |
| humans hyperammonemia | #6 |
| dehydrogenase pdhc | #6 |
| ammonia glutamine | #6 |
| brain cirrhotic | #6 |
| frontal cortex rats | #6 |
| liver failure | #6 |
| blood‐brain barrier integrity | #6 |
| receptors hepatic | #6 |
| enzymes pyruvate | #6 |
| thiamine esters | #6 |
| platelets 11 patients | #6 |
| alphaketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #6 |
| hepatic encephalopathy effects | #6 |
| expression astrocytic genes | #6 |
| alf nac | #6 |
| astrocyte cell volume | #6 |
| brain benzodiazepine | #6 |
| arginine brain | #6 |
| 14c taurine | #6 |
| fur mice | #6 |
| righting reflexes | #6 |
| dogs hepatic encephalopathy | #6 |
| enzymes brains | #6 |
| mice nacetylcysteine | #6 |
| basal ganglia structures | #6 |
| nencki | #6 |
| cerebellum caudate nucleus | #6 |
| cerebral cortex activities | #6 |
| encephalopathy humans | #6 |
| perispinal etanercept | #6 |
| plasma frontal cortex | #6 |
| acetyl lcarnitine | #6 |
| term fluorescence | #6 |
| 3htryptamine binding sites | #6 |
| increased glut1 expression | #6 |
| deterioration neurological | #6 |
| disease ammonia | #6 |
| relationship neurological symptoms | #6 |
| gabaergic tone | #6 |
| dha administration | #6 |
| cerebral amino | #6 |
| benzodiazepine intake | #6 |
| pca sham | #6 |
| hypothermia alf | #6 |
| nac alf | #6 |
| implications pathogenesis | #6 |
| direct neurotoxic | #6 |
| capacity removal | #6 |
| output cerebellum | #6 |
| controls arginine | #6 |
| induced thiamine | #6 |
| glt1 glast protein | #6 |
| thiamine phosphate esters | #6 |
| activities liver | #6 |
| tmpase | #6 |
| mars alf | #6 |
| models alf | #6 |
| endstage liver failure | #6 |
| glt1 brain | #6 |
| glast transporter | #6 |
| inflammatory mediators groups | #6 |
| central proinflammatory | #6 |
| increased expression aqp4 | #6 |
| 3nmol | #6 |
| unaltered distribution | #6 |
| fmorn | #6 |
| tdp ttp | #7 |
| central neuroinflammation | #7 |
| flumazenil patients | #7 |
| metallic phosphate | #7 |
| chronic deprivation | #7 |
| liver hepatic encephalopathy | #7 |
| skeletal muscle adapts | #7 |
| glutamate acute | #7 |
| fulminant liver failure | #7 |
| alcoholic brain damage | #7 |
| cyclase hepatic | #7 |
| hepatic encephalopathy studies | #7 |
| astrocytic transporters | #7 |
| pca pss | #7 |
| tppdependent enzymes | #7 |
| size portacaval | #7 |
| transketolase animals | #7 |
| ammonia kidney | #7 |
| severe thiamine deficiency | #7 |
| l3harginine uptake | #7 |
| notion activation | #7 |
| edema plasma | #7 |
| concentrations allopregnanolone | #7 |
| inhibitor src | #7 |
| ischemia hyperglycemic | #7 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities patients | #7 |
| edema extracellular | #7 |
| acute minocycline | #7 |
| nutritional management patients | #7 |
| rats ammonium acetate | #7 |
| 70 mm kcl | #7 |
| typical friedreichs ataxia | #7 |
| central benzodiazepine receptors | #7 |
| encephalopathy findings | #7 |
| vpmt | #7 |
| columbia rating scale | #7 |
| neuronal cell loss | #7 |
| frontal cortex controls | #7 |
| mediators liver | #7 |
| brain glutamate | #7 |
| kcl medium | #7 |
| glutamine synthesis ammonia | #7 |
| cerebral alterations alf | #7 |
| perineuronal astrocytes | #7 |
| icp alf | #7 |
| transporter deficit | #7 |
| animal hepatic | #7 |
| swelling astrocytes | #7 |
| alf arterial ammonia | #7 |
| wernicke‐korsakoff syndrome | #7 |
| thiamine absorption | #7 |
| neuroinhibitory | #7 |
| failure acute | #7 |
| pregnant rats offspring | #7 |
| loss transporter | #7 |
| alf sham | #7 |
| gdh activities | #7 |
| hiaa increased | #7 |
| flumazenil 10 microm | #7 |
| uremic coma | #7 |
| increased cerebellum | #7 |
| fatigue severity patients | #7 |
| glutamine increased | #7 |
| thiamine dependent enzymes | #7 |
| 3htryptamine | #7 |
| neurological symptoms | #7 |
| chemistry disease | #7 |
| surgical rats | #7 |
| igg immunohistochemistry | #7 |
| probenecid 5 | #8 |
| expression glyt1 | #8 |
| concentrations thdoc | #8 |
| peter dodd | #8 |
| portocaval anastomosis | #8 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral ischemia | #8 |
| receptors mitochondrial | #8 |
| complications liver disease | #8 |
| brain ammonia levels | #8 |
| ammonia metabolites | #8 |
| cirrhotic patients | #8 |
| chronic brain dysfunction | #8 |
| alcohol thiamine | #8 |
| neurobehavioral damage | #8 |
| portalsystemic shunting | #8 |
| sourkes | #8 |
| neuropathologic consequences | #8 |
| brain increased expression | #8 |
| alcohol brain damage | #8 |
| normal metabolic balance | #8 |
| direct toxic actions | #8 |
| lactate synthesis | #8 |
| tellez | #8 |
| active pyruvate dehydrogenase | #8 |
| central noradrenergic function | #8 |
| dependent enzymes | #8 |
| ultraviolet uv spectrum | #8 |
| disease gad | #8 |
| content frontal cortex | #8 |
| cerebellum activation | #8 |
| antisense elements genetics | #8 |
| induced akinesia | #8 |
| synthesis thiamine | #8 |
| regional alterations | #8 |
| assessment bioaccumulation | #8 |
| cells ammonia | #8 |
| neuroprotective steroids | #8 |
| affinity glutamate uptake | #8 |
| clive harper | #8 |
| spraguedawley temporal lobe | #8 |
| autopsied human | #8 |
| elfar adalsteinsson | #8 |
| loss congenital | #8 |
| ammonium ions | #8 |
| hyperglycemic cerebral | #8 |
| activities glutamine | #8 |
| synthesis lactate | #8 |
| falls cirrhosis | #8 |
| strains ornithine | #8 |
| nmda sites | #8 |
| voluntary ethanol consumption | #8 |
| intracranial pressure increase | #8 |
| tests ataxia | #8 |
| alterations modulation | #8 |
| alf administration | #8 |
| proinflammatory mediators expression | #8 |
| izuru | #8 |
| 3alpha5betathp | #8 |
| measurement cell volume | #8 |
| study binding sites | #8 |
| gaba reverse | #8 |
| prefrontal nmda | #8 |
| rindi | #8 |
| thalamus cerebellum | #8 |
| arterial ammonia concentrations | #8 |
| ammonia hyperammonemia | #8 |
| taurine ca2 | #8 |
| result decreased | #8 |
| portacaval rat | #9 |
| rats phosphate | #9 |
| hepatic encephalopathy ammonia | #9 |
| portal hypertension result | #9 |
| taurine binding | #9 |
| hyperammonemia liver cirrhosis | #9 |
| transcarbamylase otc | #9 |
| binding sites brain | #9 |
| disease thiamine | #9 |
| brain postsynaptic | #9 |
| sites frontal | #9 |
| adolf pfefferbaum | #9 |
| arterial ammonia concentration | #9 |
| thiamine monophosphatase | #9 |
| 37 decrease | #9 |
| male cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| neuroinhibition | #9 |
| order address | #9 |
| protein glut1 | #9 |
| glial tca cycle | #9 |
| acute nitric oxide | #9 |
| ammonia neurotoxicity | #9 |
| mild hypothermia | #9 |
| rat brain density | #9 |
| vulnerable brain regions | #9 |
| glucose hypothermia | #9 |
| glyt1 transporter | #9 |
| ammonia induced | #9 |
| brain herniation | #9 |
| cerebellum medulla oblongata | #9 |
| gabaa tissue distribution | #9 |
| cerebral ammonia toxicity | #9 |
| binding sites nmda | #9 |
| nonneuronal elements | #9 |
| kinetics distribution | #9 |
| mechanisms responsible | #9 |
| hepatic coma | #9 |
| manganese dust | #9 |
| gaba reference | #9 |
| pallidal signal | #9 |
| activities skeletal muscle | #9 |
| acute rats | #9 |
| taurine calcium | #9 |
| animals acute | #9 |
| acid hepatic | #9 |
| central gabaa receptor | #9 |
| 5fluoromethylornithine | #9 |
| edith sullivan | #9 |
| ammonia key role | #9 |
| 11 cirrhotic patients | #9 |
| edema rats | #9 |
| autopsied brain | #9 |
| sham alf | #9 |
| prevention complications | #9 |
| glutamate glt1 | #9 |
| glutamate receptor ligands | #9 |
| neurotoxic substance | #9 |
| ammonia binding | #9 |
| observed frontal | #9 |
| pcs rats | #9 |
| perispinal administration | #9 |
| hepatocerebral | #9 |
| joanne lewohl | #9 |
| acute hyperammonemia | #9 |
| rats daily injections | #10 |
| cerebral consequences | #10 |
| complication chronic | #10 |
| deficiency congenital | #10 |
| flumazenil hepatic | #10 |
| fur mouse | #10 |
| encephalopathy cirrhotic | #10 |
| activation pathogenesis | #10 |
| 200 appearance | #10 |
| neuropsychiatric disorder | #10 |
| 3hpk | #10 |
| cerebellum pons | #10 |
| stress thiamine | #10 |
| brain pca | #10 |
| thiamine replenishment | #10 |
| mechanisms include | #10 |
| glutathione levels expression | #10 |
| glutamine synthesis astrocytes | #10 |
| anastomosis hepatic | #10 |
| hrqol mhe | #10 |
| mnsod cuznsod | #10 |
| nh4 forms | #10 |
| neuroactive amino acids | #10 |
| rats stereotyped behavior | #10 |
| ammonia study | #10 |
| bdl surgery | #10 |
| rats nimesulide | #10 |
| labeling glutamine | #10 |
| massive brain edema | #10 |
| expression superoxide | #10 |
| loss reflex | #10 |
| thiamine transketolase | #10 |
| swelling ammonia | #10 |
| urea cycle enzymopathies | #10 |
| 10 mm concentration | #10 |
| disorders include | #10 |
| neurological symptomatology | #10 |
| rat leads | #10 |
| progression hepatic encephalopathy | #10 |
| decreased glutamate | #10 |
| cord taurine | #10 |
| identification alterations | #10 |
| selective brain regions | #10 |
| dissected material | #10 |
| thalamic structures | #10 |
| model alf | #10 |
| subsequent gc analysis | #10 |
| 3hketanserin binding sites | #10 |
| nh4ac | #10 |
| mechanisms tnfalpha | #10 |
| 3omethylglucose animals animals | #10 |
| affinities binding sites | #10 |
| brain edema | #10 |
| mechanisms free radicals | #10 |
| encephalopathy grade | #10 |
| cirrhotic patients relationship | #11 |
| increased expression brain | #11 |
| amino acids rats | #11 |
| ammonia amino acids | #11 |
| alterations brain | #11 |
| ammonia pathogenesis | #11 |
| hypothermia liver | #11 |
| hyperammonemias | #11 |
| ammonia animals rats | #11 |
| pdh alpha | #11 |
| deficiency brain | #11 |
| pca brain | #11 |
| dawley thalamus | #11 |
| impaired oxidation | #11 |
| brain liver | #11 |
| oxidative nitrosative stress | #11 |
| placebo benzodiazepines | #11 |
| ammonia astrocytes | #11 |
| isoforms mrna | #11 |
| studies convincing evidence | #11 |
| brain increased | #11 |
| benzodiazepines neurosteroids | #11 |
| patients gabaa | #11 |
| time icp | #11 |
| benzodiazepinelike compounds | #11 |
| fluoromethylornithine | #11 |
| gabaergic tonic currents | #11 |
| capacity ammonia | #11 |
| experimental design limitations | #11 |
| biosynthetic purposes | #11 |
| rats nh4cl | #11 |
| benzodiazepine bdz receptors | #11 |
| reduced activities | #11 |
| manganese blood | #11 |
| halflife age | #11 |
| brain alf | #11 |
| 1h‐13c | #11 |
| pca p005 | #11 |
| dehydrogenase alpha | #11 |
| brain h1 | #11 |
| impaired locomotor activity | #11 |
| portal systemic | #11 |
| signal hyperintensity | #11 |
| cerebral vulnerability | #11 |
| glutamate gammaaminobutyric acid | #11 |
| aqp4 brain edema | #12 |
| selective loss expression | #12 |
| binding medium | #12 |
| brain slices synaptosomes | #12 |
| diphosphate form | #12 |
| mm nh4cl | #12 |
| ammonia | #12 |
| shunt surgical | #12 |
| mild hypothermia patients | #12 |
| subclinical encephalopathy | #12 |
| clinical hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| rats glut1 | #12 |
| p005 pca | #12 |
| thiamin triphosphate | #12 |
| acetyltransferase disease | #12 |
| improvement neurological symptoms | #12 |
| increased ammonia | #12 |
| pairfed control mice | #12 |
| binding sites ligands | #12 |
| ammonia salts | #12 |
| deficiency amino | #12 |
| thiamine deficient diet | #12 |
| brain chronic | #12 |
| anaplerotic activity | #12 |
| perispinal | #12 |
| prevention hepatic encephalopathy | #12 |
| blood manganese concentrations | #12 |
| selective inactivator | #12 |
| neuroactive amino | #12 |
| cerebellar tissue | #12 |
| ammonia amino | #12 |
| humans ketoglutarate | #12 |
| selective radioligands | #12 |
| contribute pathogenesis | #12 |
| loss righting | #12 |
| ammonia animals | #12 |
| patients frontal cortex | #12 |
| igg extravasation | #12 |
| total glutamine | #12 |
| humans hepatic | #12 |
| thalamus cerebral cortex | #12 |
| brains rats | #12 |
| hyperammonemia liver failure | #12 |
| microglial activation brain | #12 |
| ammonia manganese | #13 |
| patients flumazenil | #13 |
| pallidal dopamine | #13 |
| increased copper content | #13 |
| ishen | #13 |
| endogenous neuropeptide ligands | #13 |
| survival liver injury | #13 |
| brain water accumulation | #13 |
| ampa receptor glur2 | #13 |
| amino acids lactate | #13 |
| development severe encephalopathy | #13 |
| role selective vulnerability | #13 |
| presence hippocampal sclerosis | #13 |
| expression ammonia | #13 |
| blood csf concentrations | #13 |
| neurosteroids gabaa | #13 |
| hand activities | #13 |
| neuroprotection pretreatment | #13 |
| transcarbamylase deficiency | #13 |
| evidence central | #13 |
| tissuespecific alterations | #13 |
| hyperammonemia ammonia | #13 |
| veratramine | #13 |
| growing body evidence | #13 |
| loss chat | #13 |
| sites brain | #13 |
| treatment liver failure | #13 |
| loss gfap | #13 |
| hyperglycemic ischemia | #13 |
| peripheral nerve conduction | #13 |
| butyrylglycine | #13 |
| regions rat brain | #13 |
| neurosteroids pregnenolone | #13 |
| increased csf concentrations | #13 |
| levels octopamine | #13 |
| gfap protein | #13 |
| frontal cortex administration | #13 |
| postsynaptic gaba | #13 |
| body fatigue | #13 |
| hyperammonemic conditions | #13 |
| hepatic encephalopathy patients | #13 |
| acute ammonia | #13 |
| liver toxins | #13 |
| thiamine intake | #13 |
| ammonia cytokines | #13 |
| cerebral edema icp | #13 |
| cytokines hepatic | #13 |
| greatest vulnerability | #13 |
| increased brain lactate | #13 |
| complex ketone | #13 |
| portacaval rats | #14 |
| hypothermia reduction | #14 |
| sparse fur | #14 |
| 8024 | #14 |
| pathogenesis | #14 |
| striatum concentrations | #14 |
| antibiotic minocycline | #14 |
| ataxia neurological signs | #14 |
| aged biogenic | #14 |
| manganese distribution | #14 |
| brain energy metabolites | #14 |
| glutamine concentrations | #14 |
| models hepatic | #14 |
| mammillary body atrophy | #14 |
| gfap aqp4 | #14 |
| clinical neurological signs | #14 |
| αmt | #14 |
| cerebellum cerebellar cortex | #14 |
| systemic shunting | #14 |
| apaptreated mice | #15 |
| astrocytic volume | #15 |
| thiamin metabolism | #15 |
| acute liver | #15 |
| manganese phosphate | #15 |
| portocaval shunts | #15 |
| white matter cbf | #15 |
| glur3 subunits | #15 |
| failure encephalopathy | #15 |
| role thiamine | #15 |
| 3hquisqualate | #15 |
| activity pdhc | #15 |
| treatment measurement | #15 |
| moderate drinkers | #15 |
| alcoholic brain | #15 |
| hyperintensity patients | #15 |
| gabaa reference values | #15 |
| fulminant liver | #15 |
| 3hpk 11195 | #15 |
| cerebral complications | #15 |
| vulnerable region | #15 |
| cirrhosis systematic review | #15 |
| ataxics | #15 |
| purkinje cell terminals | #15 |
| microglial activation neuroinflammation | #15 |
| new mechanistic basis | #16 |
| hepatic metabolic pathways | #16 |
| distribution tritium | #16 |
| endothelial glucose | #16 |
| addition degree | #16 |
| glutamine increase | #16 |
| wks | #16 |
| hypothermia 35 | #16 |
| proteins implicated | #16 |
| gabaa receptor complex | #16 |
| encephalopathy chronic | #16 |
| pcs sham | #16 |
| pathophysiologic cascade | #16 |
| nonvulnerable | #16 |
| animal modelling | #16 |
| benzodiazepine gaba | #16 |
| benzodiazepine ligands | #16 |
| new prospects | #16 |
| taurine brain | #16 |
| brain modulation | #16 |
| brain proinflammatory | #16 |
| encephalopathy liver | #16 |
| hypothesises | #16 |
| cirrhosis ammonia | #16 |
| isoform gene | #16 |
| agonal status | #16 |
| socalled type | #16 |
| encephalopathy loss | #16 |
| synthetase activities | #17 |
| early glial | #17 |
| excess ammonia | #17 |
| 4fold increases | #17 |
| glutamate enzyme | #17 |
| pathogenesis complications | #17 |
| dependent enzyme | #17 |
| benzoate therapy | #17 |
| loss liver | #17 |
| glutamine phenylalanine | #17 |
| acids ammonia | #17 |
| isoquinoline carboxamide | #17 |
| onset convulsions | #17 |
| cerebellum enzyme | #17 |
| day heavy drinking | #17 |
| complications malnutrition | #17 |
| antibiotic rifaximin | #17 |
| ammonia induces | #17 |
| pregnenolone allopregnanolone | #17 |
| upregulation aqp4 | #17 |
| neuroinflammatory mechanisms | #17 |
| encephalopathy rats | #17 |
| platelets dopamine | #17 |
| acid thiamine | #17 |
| cox2 expression immunohistochemistry | #17 |
| early microglial | #17 |
| patient malnutrition | #17 |
| surgical construction | #17 |
| vulnerable structures | #17 |
| absence ammonia | #17 |
| cortical astrocyte | #17 |
| activation sgc | #17 |
| endogenous benzodiazepines | #17 |
| liver disease mice | #17 |
| reprint | #17 |
| concentrations kcl | #18 |
| neuropathologic evaluation | #18 |
| neurological psychiatric | #18 |
| bbb igg | #18 |
| 11195 binding | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff | #18 |
| generalized reduction | #18 |
| astrocytes blotting | #18 |
| prevention progression | #18 |
| autopsied | #18 |
| compared pair | #18 |
| selective neuronal | #18 |
| reversible coma | #18 |
| binding sites hippocampus | #18 |
| wernicke korsakoff syndrome | #18 |
| astrocytic glutamine synthetase | #18 |
| patients therapeutic options | #18 |
| type benzodiazepine | #18 |
| 13c isotopomer analysis | #18 |
| active pyruvate | #18 |
| portocaval shunting | #18 |
| activities alpha | #18 |
| beta endorphin betaep | #18 |
| condition evidence | #18 |
| neuropathological damage | #18 |
| coa levels | #18 |
| administration aom | #18 |
| doserelated reduction | #18 |
| result molecules | #18 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic patients | #18 |
| encephalopathy patients | #18 |
| brain regions rat | #18 |
| blood manganese | #19 |
| lola patients | #19 |
| energy metabolism brain | #19 |
| endogenous benzodiazepine | #19 |
| equal age | #19 |
| expression result | #19 |
| exposure cultured | #19 |
| disease frontal | #19 |
| increase brain water | #19 |
| csf concentrations 5hiaa | #19 |
| outcome prevention | #19 |
| serum ammonia levels | #19 |
| control groups animals | #19 |
| distribution binding | #19 |
| cirrhotic patients controls | #19 |
| severe encephalopathy | #19 |
| pathophysiology hepatic encephalopathy | #19 |
| treatment mhe | #19 |
| brain peripheral | #19 |
| agents hepatic | #19 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase | #19 |
| acids glutamate | #19 |
| astrocytic neuronal | #19 |
| cholinergic cell loss | #19 |
| complications acute | #19 |
| synthetase protein | #19 |
| free coa | #19 |
| errors mice | #19 |
| glutamates glutamine | #19 |
| 125iiodopindolol | #19 |
| response neurodegeneration | #19 |
| rats stages | #19 |
| brain lactate | #19 |
| aids patients patients | #20 |
| glutamate increased | #20 |
| alf mars | #20 |
| lola | #20 |
| glutamate nmda receptors | #20 |
| rats patients | #20 |
| brain autopsy samples | #20 |
| benzodiazepine medication | #20 |
| diencephalic | #20 |
| biochemical lesion | #20 |
| coma brain | #20 |
| acute ammonia toxicity | #20 |
| regions rat | #20 |
| bbb alterations | #20 |
| adequate dietary protein | #20 |
| expression oxidative stress | #20 |
| animals tests | #20 |
| syndrome wks | #20 |
| animal frontal | #20 |
| brain organic osmolytes | #20 |
| effects neurosteroids | #20 |
| pallidal hyperintensity | #20 |
| volume plasmapheresis | #20 |
| l3harginine | #20 |
| failure skeletal | #21 |
| mhe encephalopathy humans | #21 |
| symptomatic stages | #21 |
| vivo cerebral | #21 |
| mild hypothermia survival | #21 |
| 3alpha5alphathp | #21 |
| 8094 | #21 |
| hyperammonemia rats | #21 |
| alanine increased | #21 |
| endorphin induced | #21 |
| deficiency synthesis | #21 |
| nakatpase activities | #21 |
| glast protein | #21 |
| tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone | #21 |
| cisterna magna csf | #21 |
| 5 p0001 | #21 |
| plasma ammonia concentrations | #21 |
| selective loss neurons | #21 |
| protective hypothermia | #21 |
| blood–brain barrier permeability | #21 |
| sgc nitric oxide | #21 |
| transport ammonia | #21 |
| metabolic trafficking | #21 |
| direct neurotoxic effects | #21 |
| deficiency alterations | #22 |
| effects glutamate | #22 |
| exposed manganese | #22 |
| distribution amino acids | #22 |
| 3hafdx | #22 |
| temporal cortex cerebellum | #22 |
| normal circumstances | #22 |
| partial inverse agonists | #22 |
| gaba regions | #22 |
| antiparkinson drugs | #22 |
| characterized model | #22 |
| 3alpha5beta | #22 |
| sites measured | #22 |
| sites cerebral | #22 |
| sham operation rats | #22 |
| concentrations glycine | #22 |
| gabaa receptors humans | #22 |
| brain alanine | #22 |
| hepatic carnitine | #22 |
| inbred strains cns | #22 |
| brain experimental | #22 |
| alf infection | #22 |
| zieve | #22 |
| cerebral cortex brainstem | #22 |
| stereotyped behavior rats | #22 |
| acute hepatic encephalopathy | #22 |
| neuropathological evaluation | #23 |
| dewhurst | #23 |
| portal systemic encephalopathy | #23 |
| proinflammatory cytokines mice | #23 |
| impaired absorption | #23 |
| bckdh activity | #23 |
| marrero | #23 |
| increased sites | #23 |
| mm ammonia | #23 |
| aspartate alanine | #23 |
| ammonia liver | #23 |
| glutamine accumulation | #23 |
| glutamine taurine | #23 |
| glutamine neurons | #23 |
| treatment sarcopenia | #23 |
| gabaa steroids | #23 |
| deficiency animals | #23 |
| oxidative stress nac | #23 |
| astrocytic protein | #23 |
| brain neurosteroid | #23 |
| amino acids model | #23 |
| diphosphate dependent | #23 |
| ammonia lactate | #23 |
| brain cell function | #23 |
| thiamine homeostasis | #23 |
| cortex male rats | #23 |
| hippocampus thalamus | #23 |
| cerebral gaba | #23 |
| sites ligands | #24 |
| encephalopathy ammonia | #24 |
| controls cirrhotic | #24 |
| p005 activities | #24 |
| brain coenzyme | #24 |
| external warming | #24 |
| ” ligands | #24 |
| serotonin 5ht metabolism | #24 |
| activites | #24 |
| neuropathologic studies | #24 |
| pathophysiological levels | #24 |
| 11195 | #25 |
| mousseau | #25 |
| severe muscle damage | #25 |
| extracellular glutamine | #25 |
| nmdareceptor | #25 |
| synthase activities | #25 |
| cytotoxic brain edema | #25 |
| malnutrition chronic | #25 |
| katpase src | #25 |
| uptake 14c | #25 |
| inhalation exposure rats | #25 |
| glutamine synthesis | #25 |
| chronic hepatic | #25 |
| sites glutamate | #25 |
| deficiency regulation | #25 |
| transketolase tk | #25 |
| copper zinc concentrations | #25 |
| ammonia reduction | #25 |
| human experimental | #25 |
| damage dysfunction | #25 |
| glutamine liver | #25 |
| cns complication | #25 |
| anastomosis rats | #26 |
| ketoglutarate dehydrogenase | #26 |
| alanine concentrations | #26 |
| failure increased | #26 |
| concentrations ammonia | #26 |
| 17 39 | #26 |
| adult patterns | #26 |
| isoquinolines ligands | #26 |
| oxidative stress processes | #26 |
| arterial ammonia levels | #26 |
| 60p | #26 |
| pathophysiological significance | #26 |
| flumazenil placebo | #26 |
| pathogenesis cerebral | #26 |
| aqp4 levels | #26 |
| treatment hepatic | #26 |
| fluid amino | #26 |
| synthesis amino acids | #26 |
| noradrenaline transport | #27 |
| oxidative stress evidence | #27 |
| liver fasting | #27 |
| deficient brain | #27 |
| manganese ammonia | #27 |
| increased concentrations | #27 |
| support potential | #27 |
| regional densities | #27 |
| asparagine glutamine | #27 |
| cerebellum brain | #27 |
| treatment cirrhosis | #27 |
| binding site densities | #27 |
| fgin1 | #27 |
| brain serotonin metabolism | #27 |
| beta sites | #27 |
| binding 3hmuscimol | #27 |
| ornithine transcarbamylase otc | #27 |
| rifaximin mhe | #27 |
| glucose loading | #27 |
| alf induced | #27 |
| accumulation glutamine | #27 |
| onset encephalopathy | #27 |
| effects thiamine | #28 |
| baldessarini | #28 |
| metabolism relation | #28 |
| chronic liver failure | #28 |
| type hepatic | #28 |
| astrocytes loss | #28 |
| wernicke encephalopathy | #28 |
| astrocytic metabolism | #28 |
| selective neuronal loss | #28 |
| activities decreased | #28 |
| experimental acute | #28 |
| eaat3 expression | #28 |
| allosteric modulatory | #28 |
| glutamate transporter activity | #28 |
| devascularized | #28 |
| ataxic gait | #28 |
| cytoplasmic nuclear signal | #29 |
| dopamine metabolism striatum | #29 |
| putamen frontal cortex | #29 |
| effective adjunct therapy | #29 |
| shamoperated control animals | #29 |
| cerebral cortex thalamus | #29 |
| increased glutamine | #29 |
| serotonin turnover | #29 |
| superoxide scavenger | #29 |
| cerebral energy failure | #29 |
| flumazenil flunitrazepam | #29 |
| 3hro5 | #29 |
| pairfed controls | #29 |
| travelled distance | #29 |
| rats probenecid | #29 |
| re‐evaluation | #29 |
| oxide brain | #29 |
| subchronic inhalation exposure | #29 |
| optimal supply | #29 |
| striatum contrast | #29 |
| induction mild hypothermia | #29 |
| dust rats | #29 |
| frontal temporal cortex | #29 |
| glutamine content | #29 |
| isopregnanolone | #29 |
| diverse etiology | #29 |
| nonabsorbable disaccharides | #30 |
| 3dsrt | #30 |
| chronic hyperammonemia | #30 |
| stroke neurological | #30 |
| neurotransmitter amino acids | #30 |
| progression liver injury | #30 |
| glutamate content | #30 |
| neuronal cell counts | #30 |
| chat activities | #30 |
| glutamate cgmp | #30 |
| mediated excitotoxicity | #30 |
| frontal cortex samples | #30 |
| flumazenil gaba | #30 |
| west criteria | #30 |
| increased nmda | #30 |
| encephalopathy portal | #30 |
| studies experimental | #30 |
| blood ammonia concentration | #30 |
| quantitative receptor | #30 |
| gaba receptor complex | #30 |
| glycine glutamine | #30 |
| inflammatory cascades | #30 |
| presymptomatic animals | #30 |
| aspartate glutamine | #30 |
| hyperglycemic stroke | #30 |
| brain monoamine oxidase | #31 |
| production microglial | #31 |
| leading increased | #31 |
| dogs hepatic | #31 |
| stupor | #31 |
| expression tight junction | #31 |
| neuroinflammation pathogenesis | #31 |
| clinical prospects | #31 |
| cerebral glutamate | #31 |
| shunted animals | #31 |
| glutamate nmda | #31 |
| brain decreased | #31 |
| antisense elements | #31 |
| peripheral type | #31 |
| cuznsod protein | #31 |
| study ammonia | #31 |
| pannecrosis | #31 |
| telemethylhistamine | #32 |
| hepatic symptoms | #32 |
| binding sites presence | #32 |
| hepatoprotective properties | #32 |
| cerebral ammonia | #32 |
| temporal cortex patients | #32 |
| acute hyperglycemic | #32 |
| astrocytes ammonia | #32 |
| 2 alteration | #32 |
| uptake ammonia | #32 |
| deficiencies vitamins | #32 |
| fixed intervals | #32 |
| increased nitric | #32 |
| friedreichs ataxia | #32 |
| detoxification unit | #32 |
| minimal mhe | #32 |
| gabaa receptor ligands | #32 |
| effects mild | #32 |
| akinesia | #32 |
| intracellular osmolarity | #32 |
| indian national association | #32 |
| binding gaba | #32 |
| monoamines brain | #33 |
| gaba aspartate | #33 |
| rats ammonia | #33 |
| regions brains | #33 |
| failing liver | #33 |
| ohe patients | #33 |
| reversible alterations | #33 |
| hand addition | #33 |
| et495 | #33 |
| otc deficiency | #33 |
| selective decreases | #33 |
| species rats | #33 |
| cns complications | #33 |
| brain gaba levels | #33 |
| binding microsomes | #33 |
| glycine aspartate | #33 |
| cns concentrations | #33 |
| neuronal cell survival | #33 |
| snat5 | #33 |
| proinflammatory cytokines brain | #33 |
| clinical laboratory findings | #33 |
| nash treatment | #33 |
| 11 agematched controls | #34 |
| nh4oac | #34 |
| severe neurological symptoms | #34 |
| acetylcholinesterase activities | #34 |
| metabolite 5 | #34 |
| encephalopathy hippocampus | #34 |
| nac reduction | #34 |
| relation brain | #34 |
| gad activities | #34 |
| cytotoxic brain | #34 |
| ammonium tartrate | #34 |
| severe neurological dysfunction | #34 |
| stupor coma | #34 |
| hepatic artery ligation | #34 |
| nonepileptic controls | #34 |
| inadequate dietary intake | #34 |
| groups cirrhotic patients | #34 |
| type gaba | #35 |
| octadecaneuropeptide | #35 |
| fatigue rats | #35 |
| space glutamic | #35 |
| dawley reverse | #35 |
| fluid ammonia | #35 |
| activation proinflammatory | #35 |
| astrocytic glutamate | #35 |
| overt encephalopathy | #35 |
| severe compromise | #35 |
| effects manganese | #35 |
| chapter 29 | #35 |
| chronic hepatic encephalopathy | #35 |
| neurotransmitter amino | #35 |
| manganese tricarbonyl | #35 |
| ammonia concentrations | #35 |
| neuropsychiatric abnormalities | #35 |
| free hepatic | #35 |
| total thiamine | #35 |
| thioacetamide treatment | #36 |
| uptake glutamate | #36 |
| muscarinic sites | #36 |
| cerebral cortical astrocytes | #36 |
| arterial ammonia | #36 |
| astrocytic glutamine | #36 |
| astrocyte glutamate | #36 |
| cycle glucose | #36 |
| brain regions studies | #36 |
| numerous etiologies | #36 |
| aom treatment | #36 |
| acid brain | #36 |
| synthesis glutamate | #36 |
| electricalfield stimulation | #36 |
| detoxification product | #36 |
| alf mice | #37 |
| increased blood glucose | #37 |
| mild hypothermia therapy | #37 |
| protein glutamate | #37 |
| 3beta5alpha | #37 |
| csf cisterna magna | #37 |
| mice ammonia | #37 |
| excitotoxic mechanism | #37 |
| acute receptors | #37 |
| blood manganese levels | #37 |
| perivenous hepatocytes | #37 |
| increased voluntary | #37 |
| gfap immunohistochemistry | #38 |
| hypothermia attenuates | #38 |
| astrocytic marker | #38 |
| ammonium acetate | #38 |
| brain rats | #38 |
| glutamatergic function | #38 |
| brain amino acids | #38 |
| corneal reflex | #38 |
| failure male | #38 |
| glutamate ammonia | #38 |
| increase glutamine | #38 |
| benzodiazepine antagonist | #39 |
| findings increased | #39 |
| concomitant decreases | #39 |
| clive | #39 |
| chronic alcoholism | #39 |
| pca surgery | #39 |
| brain regional distribution | #39 |
| loss gene expression | #39 |
| glutamine formation | #39 |
| pdhc | #39 |
| severe liver dysfunction | #39 |
| posterior columns | #39 |
| thiamine administration | #39 |
| hyperammonaemic | #39 |
| arginine uptake | #40 |
| concentration areas | #40 |
| argininic acid | #40 |
| ammonia homeostasis | #40 |
| acetylcoa levels | #40 |
| nmdamediated excitotoxicity | #40 |
| nitroarginine rats rats | #40 |
| quin levels | #40 |
| liver inasl | #40 |
| concentrations catecholamines | #40 |
| glutamine glycine | #40 |
| dheas | #40 |
| increased density | #40 |
| seizures mental retardation | #40 |
| regionally selective | #40 |
| neurological alterations | #40 |
| etiology severity | #40 |
| regiondependent manner | #40 |
| regions concentrations | #41 |
| cellcell signalling | #41 |
| deficiency disease | #41 |
| detoxification ammonia | #41 |
| increased glutamate release | #41 |
| thiamine metabolism | #41 |
| lateral vestibular nucleus | #41 |
| brain extracts | #41 |
| sgc activation | #41 |
| regulation caveolin1 | #41 |
| acid neurotransmitter | #41 |
| complications chronic | #41 |
| brain taurine | #41 |
| activation nmda receptor | #41 |
| brain benzodiazepine receptors | #41 |
| vulnerable area | #41 |
| cerebral glutamine | #42 |
| trace amines | #42 |
| thdoc | #42 |
| illness terminology topic | #42 |
| complex pdhc | #42 |
| cerebral alterations | #42 |
| benzodiazepine sites | #42 |
| pk11195 binding | #42 |
| carbamoyltransferase deficiency | #43 |
| increased neuronal | #43 |
| glutamine insulin | #43 |
| gabaa tritium | #43 |
| metabolism acute | #43 |
| acute ammonia intoxication | #43 |
| nonalcoholic patients | #43 |
| liver assist | #43 |
| transcarbamylase | #43 |
| ammonia increases | #44 |
| acid glutamine | #44 |
| ohe mhe | #44 |
| reduction brain | #44 |
| increased serotonin | #44 |
| sarcopenia cirrhosis | #44 |
| cerebral levels | #44 |
| mechanisms disorder | #44 |
| western brain dna | #44 |
| severe hyperammonemia | #44 |
| treament | #44 |
| toxic liver | #44 |
| aged portacaval | #44 |
| behavioral excitation | #44 |
| ataxia humans | #44 |
| thiamin deficiency | #45 |
| welldefined areas | #45 |
| mice etanercept | #45 |
| isoquinolines kinetics | #45 |
| cholinergic neuronal | #45 |
| model congenital | #45 |
| mild encephalopathy | #45 |
| glutamate transporter | #45 |
| ventral white matter | #45 |
| cortex dose | #45 |
| small meals | #45 |
| aspartate gaba | #45 |
| cortex glutamate | #46 |
| normoglycemic rats | #46 |
| fatigue controls | #46 |
| 11cnmethylspiperone | #46 |
| brain gamma | #46 |
| brain oxidative metabolism | #46 |
| exposed ammonia | #46 |
| treatment downregulation | #46 |
| human rat brain | #47 |
| alcoholic cirrhotics | #47 |
| glutamate aspartate | #47 |
| distinctive pattern | #47 |
| glutamate removal | #47 |
| rtpcr experiments | #47 |
| benzodiazepine receptors | #47 |
| anaplerotic flux | #47 |
| neurosteroid | #47 |
| metabolism astrocytes | #47 |
| pathophysiologically | #47 |
| microsomes isolated | #47 |
| brain amino | #47 |
| 3hmuscimol | #48 |
| maob | #48 |
| sites nmda | #48 |
| tnf brain | #48 |
| mitochondrial benzodiazepine | #48 |
| neurotoxic agents | #48 |
| 113cglucose | #48 |
| hyperammonemia | #48 |
| thalamus pons | #48 |
| allopregnanolone concentrations | #48 |
| cerebral dysfunction | #48 |
| amino acid synthesis | #48 |
| concomitant increases | #48 |
| cerebellum medulla | #48 |
| central nervous function | #48 |
| age injection | #48 |
| central benzodiazepine | #49 |
| rcts low risk | #49 |
| pallidal | #49 |
| ammonia detoxification | #49 |
| voluntary ethanol | #49 |
| brain tryptophan | #49 |
| glycerol phenylbutyrate | #49 |
| cerebellum patients | #49 |
| neurotoxic actions | #49 |
| nmda binding | #49 |
| hepatic congestion | #50 |
| expression glt1 | #50 |
| alcoholic dementia | #50 |
| rational explanation | #50 |
| hepatic encephalopathy study | #50 |
| manganese middle | #50 |
| brain banks | #50 |
| tyrosine ammonia | #50 |
| increased extracellular | #50 |
| effects body temperature | #50 |
| levels brain | #50 |
| extracellular glycine | #50 |
| inflamed brain | #51 |
| lcarnitine treatment | #51 |
| electromyographic evaluation | #51 |
| false neurotransmitters | #51 |
| acids measured | #51 |
| management hepatic | #51 |
| glutamate receptors nmda | #51 |
| righting | #51 |
| early microglial activation | #51 |
| synthesis glutamine | #52 |
| pse | #52 |
| nitroarginine rats | #52 |
| vivo microdialysis | #52 |
| early losses | #52 |
| complex rats | #52 |
| mice carnitine | #52 |
| brain concentrations | #52 |
| 12 rats | #52 |
| cognitive motor dysfunction | #52 |
| friedreichs ataxia patients | #52 |
| severe stages | #52 |
| altered permeability | #52 |
| neurobehavioral disturbances | #52 |
| alcoholic cirrhotic | #52 |
| central histaminergic | #53 |
| neurosteroid pregnenolone | #53 |
| neurosteroid synthesis | #53 |
| 3hkainate | #53 |
| rats portacaval shunt | #53 |
| 3hmuscimol binding | #53 |
| pathophysiologic | #53 |
| treatment alf | #53 |
| liver atrophy | #54 |
| neuropsychiatric syndrome | #54 |
| mildest form | #54 |
| mechanisms proposed | #54 |
| activation guanylate cyclase | #54 |
| subsequent alteration | #54 |
| cerebral inflammation | #54 |
| substitutive therapy | #54 |
| gene expression liver | #54 |
| stroke penumbra | #54 |
| ischemic liver | #54 |
| portacaval shunt pcs | #54 |
| kidney testis | #54 |
| portacaval shunts | #54 |
| concomitant reductions | #55 |
| messenger spraguedawley receptors | #55 |
| encephalopathy hyperammonemia | #55 |
| occludin levels | #55 |
| activation glutamate receptors | #55 |
| neurotransmitter agents | #55 |
| heterogenity | #55 |
| human disorder | #55 |
| glutathione plasma | #55 |
| hyperglycemic | #55 |
| levels allopregnanolone | #56 |
| oxidative nitrosative | #56 |
| ca2dependent release | #56 |
| awaits | #56 |
| severe cognitive dysfunction | #56 |
| delays onset | #56 |
| deficiency decreased | #56 |
| regions rats | #56 |
| brain glutamate levels | #57 |
| mechanisms implicated | #57 |
| h1 receptors | #57 |
| ammonia exposure | #57 |
| current therapeutic options | #57 |
| increased intracellular ca2 | #57 |
| rats ouabain | #57 |
| resonance signal | #57 |
| type mitochondrial | #57 |
| coma patients | #57 |
| tetrahydroprogesterone | #57 |
| failure muscle | #57 |
| manganese copper | #58 |
| activation glutamate | #58 |
| levels ammonia | #58 |
| swelling brain | #58 |
| severity encephalopathy | #58 |
| nervous complications | #58 |
| lowering strategies | #58 |
| brain histamine | #58 |
| levels amino acids | #58 |
| astrocytes glutamate | #58 |
| dansyl derivatives | #58 |
| probenecid treatment | #58 |
| portacaval shunt | #58 |
| pdhc activity | #58 |
| acetaminophen toxicity | #59 |
| saline treated controls | #59 |
| 13c enrichments | #59 |
| uptake arginine | #59 |
| hyperammonaemia | #59 |
| mechanism protective | #59 |
| patients thiamine | #59 |
| bilirubin metabolism | #59 |
| gfap gfap mrna | #59 |
| neuropharmacological studies | #59 |
| purposing | #60 |
| cirrhosis middle | #60 |
| required cofactor | #60 |
| brain production | #60 |
| lazabemide | #60 |
| cirrhotic patients patients | #60 |
| energy metabolites | #60 |
| alcoholic patients | #60 |
| ammonia intoxication | #60 |
| alcoholics patients | #60 |
| spontaneous synaptic activity | #60 |
| ammonia toxicity | #60 |
| opioid penicillamine | #61 |
| 015 mmol | #61 |
| excitotoxic brain injury | #61 |
| subjects free | #61 |
| threefold increase | #61 |
| acid distribution | #61 |
| stem cerebral | #61 |
| affinity gaba | #61 |
| sham operated | #61 |
| comparable magnitude | #61 |
| concentrations glutamate | #61 |
| il1beta mrna expression | #61 |
| maob maoa | #61 |
| bz receptors | #61 |
| ataxia friedreich | #61 |
| receptors pathogenesis | #62 |
| brain1 | #62 |
| ultimate test | #62 |
| taurine synthesis | #62 |
| increased expression mrna | #62 |
| suggested role | #62 |
| βendorphin | #62 |
| hypertension brain | #62 |
| elevated uptake | #62 |
| forebrain cholinergic neurons | #62 |
| role glutamate | #63 |
| thiamine | #63 |
| failure evidence | #63 |
| regions contrast | #63 |
| subclinical hepatic | #63 |
| manganese treatment | #63 |
| focal increases | #63 |
| manganese intoxication | #63 |
| heavy drinking day | #63 |
| rtpcr gene expression | #63 |
| portocaval | #63 |
| spectroscopy tomography | #63 |
| metabolism glutamine | #63 |
| gaba glutamic acid | #63 |
| transketolase activity | #64 |
| attenuates oxidative | #64 |
| thalamus gamma | #64 |
| brain | #64 |
| parietal lobe rats | #64 |
| disease activities | #64 |
| sodium phenylacetate | #64 |
| neurotoxic substances | #64 |
| fatigue pbc | #64 |
| neurosteroid allopregnanolone | #64 |
| glutamine ammonia | #65 |
| hypokinesia | #65 |
| kcl nacl | #65 |
| 2454 | #65 |
| sodium benzoate | #65 |
| brain chemistry | #65 |
| deficiency induced | #65 |
| female flumazenil | #65 |
| manganese deposits | #65 |
| butyrylcholinesterases | #65 |
| methylhistamine | #65 |
| frontal parietal cortex | #65 |
| symptoms addition | #65 |
| brain cell death | #65 |
| 13cnmr | #66 |
| ataxia patients | #66 |
| putative endogenous ligands | #66 |
| brain water | #66 |
| increases brain | #66 |
| isethionic | #66 |
| mice sodium | #66 |
| uptake cultured | #66 |
| gaba animals | #66 |
| lactate increase | #67 |
| tyrosine content | #67 |
| ascorbate synthesis | #67 |
| cerebral energy metabolism | #67 |
| brain patients | #67 |
| humans korsakoff | #67 |
| brain 24 | #67 |
| αmethylptyrosine | #67 |
| erythrocyte transketolase | #67 |
| serotonin transport | #68 |
| selective reductions | #68 |
| decreased concentrations | #68 |
| glutamate transporter glast | #68 |
| indian national | #68 |
| benzodiazepine receptor ligands | #68 |
| reduction ammonia | #68 |
| substance rats | #69 |
| drug repositioning humans | #69 |
| rats sham operation | #69 |
| decreased removal | #69 |
| attenuation effects | #69 |
| osmotic effects | #69 |
| active removal | #69 |
| processing product | #69 |
| unleaded gasoline | #69 |
| hepatoprotection | #69 |
| electronic manual searches | #70 |
| glutamic acid hippocampus | #70 |
| cortex caudate | #70 |
| reduces brain | #70 |
| bergmann glial | #70 |
| m1 sites | #70 |
| glutamates glutamic | #71 |
| animals benzodiazepines | #71 |
| shunting | #71 |
| failure animals | #71 |
| medium concentrations | #71 |
| carbamoyltransferase | #71 |
| alloxan diabetes | #71 |
| glutamine brain | #72 |
| concentration norepinephrine | #72 |
| brain allopregnanolone | #72 |
| hyperammonemia male | #72 |
| agematched control subjects | #72 |
| organic aciduria | #72 |
| gabaa tomography | #72 |
| common inborn error | #72 |
| cortex increased | #72 |
| hippocampal ca1 subfield | #73 |
| astrocyte swelling | #73 |
| cerebroprotective effects | #73 |
| thiamine treatment | #73 |
| onset neurological | #73 |
| pse patients | #73 |
| alterations mitochondrial function | #73 |
| glutamine glutamate | #73 |
| sites observed | #73 |
| homologous structures | #73 |
| ro15 | #73 |
| bath concentration | #74 |
| gaba steroids | #74 |
| cortex chromatography | #74 |
| mechanisms involving | #74 |
| astrocytes brain | #74 |
| brain content | #74 |
| decrease brain | #74 |
| glutamic | #74 |
| severe neurological impairment | #75 |
| acids hepatic | #75 |
| superfused slices | #75 |
| thiamine transport | #75 |
| normal limits | #75 |
| fully elucidated | #75 |
| cerebral cortex patients | #75 |
| nature distribution | #75 |
| expression glial | #75 |
| transporter eaat3 | #76 |
| receptors studied | #76 |
| direct toxic effects | #76 |
| receptors gaba | #76 |
| gaba glutamine | #76 |
| glutamate binding | #76 |
| cirrhosis brain | #76 |
| larginine uptake | #76 |
| metabolite acetaldehyde | #77 |
| muscle acute | #77 |
| glycine concentrations | #77 |
| alcoholic patients cirrhosis | #77 |
| brain skeletal muscle | #77 |
| glutamate concentration | #77 |
| millimolar range | #77 |
| oxide liver | #78 |
| brain glucose metabolism | #78 |
| function hepatic | #78 |
| benzodiazepines binding | #78 |
| lnitroarginine methyl ester | #78 |
| muscle glutamine | #78 |
| interatomic bonds | #78 |
| nnos protein | #78 |
| taming | #79 |
| previous reports | #79 |
| methylcyclopentadienyl | #79 |
| excited ground states | #79 |
| cns function | #79 |
| l‐carnitine | #79 |
| semiquantitative rtpcr | #79 |
| neuronally | #79 |
| metabolism brain | #79 |
| deep coma | #79 |
| thiamine triphosphate | #79 |
| hepatic energy | #79 |
| medullapons | #80 |
| gaba benzodiazepine | #80 |
| maximal binding | #80 |
| pathogenesis animals | #80 |
| emerging therapeutic target | #80 |
| expression glutamate | #80 |
| cresyl violet staining | #80 |
| encephalopathy treatment | #80 |
| quantitative autoradiographic | #80 |
| failure nitric | #80 |
| neurosteroid biosynthesis | #80 |
| study sections | #81 |
| controls increased | #81 |
| astrocyte morphology | #81 |
| molecular neurobiology | #81 |
| muscle ammonia | #81 |
| glutamine astrocytes | #81 |
| 85 mmol | #81 |
| brain extracellular | #82 |
| glutamate nitric | #82 |
| shortchain acylcoa dehydrogenase | #82 |
| agents receptors | #82 |
| chaired | #82 |
| receptor regions | #82 |
| lcarnitine administration | #82 |
| tca cycle flux | #83 |
| treatment thiamine | #83 |
| 3hro15 | #83 |
| proposed explain | #83 |
| ethanol preference | #83 |
| glutamate brain | #83 |
| aom induced | #84 |
| measured brain | #84 |
| pathophysiologic basis | #84 |
| elevated ammonia | #84 |
| devascularization | #84 |
| 3hflumazenil | #84 |
| water channel protein | #84 |
| pbgd | #84 |
| patients decreases | #84 |
| cerebral cortex striatum | #84 |
| increase brain | #85 |
| ammonia patients | #85 |
| concomitant decrease | #85 |
| arga | #85 |
| maoa maob | #85 |
| 3hgammaaminobutyric acid | #85 |
| urea cycle enzymes | #85 |
| decreased ca2 | #85 |
| 5ht turnover | #85 |
| role glutamine | #85 |
| glutamate amino | #86 |
| release synaptic | #86 |
| central muscarinic | #86 |
| wilsonian | #87 |
| spraguedawley statistics | #87 |
| rats sacrificed | #87 |
| 52 mmol | #88 |
| brain binding | #88 |
| tissue brain | #88 |
| complication cirrhosis | #88 |
| benzodiazepines brain | #88 |
| csf lactate | #88 |
| selective vulnerability | #88 |
| concomitantly | #88 |
| role human diseases | #89 |
| sham operations | #89 |
| undoubtedly | #89 |
| brain regions rats | #89 |
| prior onset | #89 |
| edema cerebral | #89 |
| exposure ammonia | #89 |
| alpha ketoglutarate | #89 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy opca | #89 |
| caudate nuclei | #89 |
| lactate increased | #90 |
| glutamatemediated excitotoxicity | #90 |
| receptor ligand | #90 |
| rats species | #90 |
| patients alf | #90 |
| encephalopathy ohe | #90 |
| bcaa concentrations | #91 |
| monoamine neurotransmitters | #91 |
| reduced brain | #91 |
| gaba modulators | #91 |
| leucine concentrations | #92 |
| neuroinflammatory response | #92 |
| altered protein expression | #92 |
| enzymopathies | #92 |
| bckdh | #92 |
| amino acids brain | #92 |
| induced alf | #93 |
| acid liver | #93 |
| widespread damage | #93 |
| congenital deficiencies | #93 |
| increases extracellular | #94 |
| manganese poisoning | #94 |
| mri intensity | #94 |
| brain compared | #94 |
| neuronal loss | #94 |
| brain kidney | #94 |
| thiamin diphosphate | #94 |
| glutamine synthetase expression | #95 |
| inhibitory neurotransmission | #95 |
| ammonia accumulation | #95 |
| induced stereotyped | #95 |
| patients liver failure | #95 |
| benzodiazepines treatment | #95 |
| acetate administration | #95 |
| ornithine phenylacetate | #96 |
| discrete areas | #96 |
| astrocytic function | #96 |
| 16 mmol | #96 |
| βlipotropin | #96 |
| skeletal muscle brain | #96 |
| astrocytes neurons | #97 |
| covert hepatic encephalopathy | #97 |
| molecules brain | #97 |
| brain cytokine | #97 |
| ammonia release | #97 |
| brain vivo | #97 |
| glutamate glutamine | #98 |
| acrylamides animals | #98 |
| dorsal tegmental nucleus | #98 |
| receptors increased | #98 |
| glycine transporters | #98 |
| carbamoyltransferase ornithine | #98 |
| dehydroascorbic acid | #98 |
| thiamine diphosphate | #98 |
| hepatocerebral degeneration | #98 |
| 3045 | #99 |
| examination role | #99 |
| walking gait | #99 |
| stress ammonia | #99 |
| symptomatic stage | #100 |
| fatigue impact scale | #100 |
| commonly encountered | #100 |
| aspartate levels | #100 |
| increases levels | #101 |
| pressure liver | #101 |
| animal hypothermia | #101 |
| temporal cortex | #101 |
| proinflammatory | #101 |
| inhibitory amino acids | #101 |
| tk activity | #102 |
| neurological symptoms patients | #102 |
| lcarnitine | #102 |
| brain barrier breakdown | #102 |
| microdialysis rats | #102 |
| treatment complications | #102 |
| synergistic mechanisms | #102 |
| levels dheas | #102 |
| cerebral cortex cerebellum | #102 |
| brain extracellular space | #103 |
| controls cirrhotic patients | #103 |
| benzodiazepine receptor | #103 |
| collisional deactivation | #103 |
| removal ammonia | #103 |
| brain levels | #103 |
| cerebral oxidative metabolism | #104 |
| regional distribution | #104 |
| 90 loss | #104 |
| thiamine monophosphate | #104 |
| label incorporation | #104 |
| experimental animal models | #104 |
| methylspiperone | #104 |
| loss cholinergic | #105 |
| transporter glt1 | #105 |
| experimental models | #105 |
| neurological consequences | #105 |
| fatigue severity | #105 |
| olivopontocerebellar atrophy | #105 |
| receptors brain | #105 |
| m3 exposure | #105 |
| complication liver | #106 |
| toxic liver injury | #106 |
| receptors rats | #107 |
| 3h8ohdpat | #107 |
| concentrations serotonin | #107 |
| gaba content | #108 |
| dopaminergic dysfunction | #108 |
| sham operated controls | #108 |
| characteristic alterations | #108 |
| monoamines | #108 |
| current theories | #108 |
| t1weighted magnetic resonance | #109 |
| disease hepatic | #109 |
| glutamate plasma | #109 |
| ldeprenyl | #109 |
| symptomatic animals | #109 |
| 3hnisoxetine | #110 |
| azoxymethane aom | #110 |
| glutamates humans | #110 |
| deficiency humans | #110 |
| rats hepatic | #110 |
| extrapyramidal symptoms | #110 |
| enzymes brain | #111 |
| glt1 glast | #111 |
| reye syndrome | #111 |
| evidence role | #112 |
| 3alpha5alpha | #112 |
| glutamate synaptic | #113 |
| metabolic block | #113 |
| ligated rats | #113 |
| expression testis | #113 |
| brain preparations | #113 |
| midbrain striatum | #113 |
| lymphocytes rats | #113 |
| hypertension liver | #113 |
| activities | #113 |
| nutritional management | #114 |
| rat astrocytes | #114 |
| 57 reduction | #114 |
| radioenzymatic assay | #114 |
| fco | #114 |
| experimental animals | #115 |
| nmda receptor expression | #115 |
| brain dogs | #115 |
| mammillary body | #116 |
| decreased synthesis | #116 |
| 3hmepyramine | #116 |
| gabaa gabaergic | #116 |
| pallidum putamen | #116 |
| growing body | #117 |
| cortex alzheimer | #117 |
| opioid brain | #117 |
| cholinergic deficit | #117 |
| controls plasma levels | #117 |
| tips procedure | #117 |
| friedreich ataxia patients | #117 |
| brain dopamine | #118 |
| cirrhotic | #118 |
| amine levels | #118 |
| allopregnanolone | #118 |
| arginine deficiency | #118 |
| mechanism ammonia | #118 |
| albumin dialysis | #118 |
| myelin synthesis | #118 |
| hydroxylating | #119 |
| patients fatty liver | #119 |
| site densities | #119 |
| nervous dysfunction | #119 |
| pathologic manifestations | #119 |
| apapinduced | #119 |
| opioid beta | #119 |
| cerebral energy | #119 |
| ouabain induced | #120 |
| glutamates | #120 |
| frontal cortex | #120 |
| genes coding | #120 |
| balb cbyj mice | #120 |
| monoamine oxidaseb | #121 |
| pugh score | #121 |
| mechanisms pathogenesis | #121 |
| 3hketanserin | #121 |
| copper manganese | #121 |
| nuclear signal | #122 |
| rat brain synaptosomes | #122 |
| bergmann glia | #122 |
| unleaded | #122 |
| brain evidence | #122 |
| complex activities | #122 |
| brain enzyme | #122 |
| implicated | #123 |
| beneficial patients | #123 |
| normal human brains | #123 |
| selective damage | #123 |
| newborn astrocytes cells | #124 |
| gene expression brain | #124 |
| asterixis | #124 |
| modulatory site | #124 |
| neurological signs | #125 |
| icp cbf | #125 |
| striatum cerebellum | #125 |
| ammonia control | #125 |
| role ammonia | #126 |
| synthase nitroarginine | #126 |
| glt1 | #126 |
| 11cpk11195 | #126 |
| ala2mephe4met0ol | #126 |
| ol20 | #126 |
| brain male | #126 |
| ornithine aminotransferase | #126 |
| high‐affinity | #127 |
| proteins nitric | #128 |
| neuronal cell | #128 |
| taurine uptake | #128 |
| cytokines brain | #128 |
| glutamate concentrations | #129 |
| patients friedreichs ataxia | #129 |
| neurochemical mechanisms | #129 |
| chronic alcoholic patients | #129 |
| cox2 immunoreactivity | #129 |
| unanesthetized dogs | #130 |
| agonist action | #130 |
| spontaneous activities | #130 |
| cox2 levels | #130 |
| blood ethanol levels | #130 |
| ammonia levels | #131 |
| llactate dehydrogenase | #131 |
| primary deficit | #131 |
| observed brain | #131 |
| blood ammonia | #132 |
| taurine release | #132 |
| continuous supply | #132 |
| animals azoxymethane | #132 |
| hepatic abnormalities | #132 |
| carnitine administration | #132 |
| nacetyl cysteine | #133 |
| manganese neurotoxicity | #133 |
| factor pathogenesis | #133 |
| friedreich | #133 |
| α ketoglutarate | #133 |
| ischemia rat | #133 |
| site human | #133 |
| lipoamide dehydrogenase | #133 |
| lactate accumulation | #134 |
| brain glial | #134 |
| models acute | #135 |
| kidney skeletal muscle | #135 |
| endogenous amino acids | #135 |
| concentrations gaba | #135 |
| exposure manganese | #135 |
| impact treatments | #136 |
| acid ammonia | #137 |
| pregnenolone rats | #137 |
| 3hcitalopram | #137 |
| manganese toxicity | #137 |
| release glutamate | #137 |
| psychometric testing | #137 |
| increased intracranial pressure | #137 |
| function addition | #137 |
| spinocerebellar degeneration | #138 |
| inherited ataxias | #138 |
| neuropsychiatric complications | #138 |
| cerebral herniation | #139 |
| nanomolar affinity | #139 |
| −70°c | #139 |
| tracer doses | #139 |
| glutamine alanine | #139 |
| chatpositive neurons | #139 |
| cycle enzyme | #139 |
| disorder animals | #139 |
| lornithine | #139 |
| nutritional recommendations | #140 |
| patients friedreich | #140 |
| cortex male | #141 |
| dehydrogenase pdh | #141 |
| concentrations nacl | #141 |
| nonbenzodiazepine | #141 |
| aminobutyric acid | #141 |
| gaba synaptic | #142 |
| cbyj | #142 |
| humans isoquinolines | #142 |
| development hepatic | #142 |
| huntingtons chorea | #142 |
| cerebellar ataxias | #142 |
| alcoholic nonalcoholic | #142 |
| hypothermia induced | #143 |
| alternative site | #143 |
| brain glucose uptake | #143 |
| serotonin precursor | #143 |
| lactate alanine | #143 |
| diminished activity | #143 |
| monoamine oxidasea | #143 |
| brain gaba | #144 |
| selective brain | #144 |
| ornithine carbamoyltransferase | #144 |
| dopamine metabolism | #144 |
| delayed myelination | #144 |
| insulin hypoglycaemia | #144 |
| allosteric agonists | #144 |
| taurine content | #144 |
| glutamateglutamine | #144 |
| cerebral microdialysis | #145 |
| brain tissue | #145 |
| inferior olivary nucleus | #145 |
| hyperglycemic rats | #145 |
| brain hypothermia | #146 |
| brain peripheral tissues | #146 |
| glucose load | #146 |
| receptormediated responses | #146 |
| relation degree | #146 |
| rapid filtration | #147 |
| lateral vestibular | #147 |
| increase presence | #147 |
| comparable degree | #147 |
| animals brain | #148 |
| energy failure | #148 |
| lactate brain | #148 |
| glutamate neurons | #149 |
| diazepam binding inhibitor | #149 |
| ohe | #149 |
| neurosteroids | #149 |
| cirrhosis hepatic | #149 |
| coa acetyl | #149 |
| western cells rats | #149 |
| acetyllcarnitine | #149 |
| probenecid rats | #150 |
| failure studies | #150 |
| metabolic impairments | #150 |
| consumption ethanol | #150 |
| zo2 | #151 |
| female friedreich | #151 |
| progesterone metabolites | #151 |
| fatigue scores | #151 |
| animals astrocytes | #151 |
| protein tyrosine nitration | #151 |
| patient tissue | #151 |
| patients hepatic encephalopathy | #152 |
| selective neuronal death | #152 |
| beta actin | #152 |
| testis brain | #153 |
| inhibition binding | #153 |
| concentrations amino | #153 |
| increased synthesis | #153 |
| tight junction proteins | #154 |
| transporter protein | #154 |
| impaired brain | #154 |
| alcoholism brain | #154 |
| 15 1788 | #155 |
| increased cerebral | #155 |
| brain cerebrospinal | #156 |
| experimental male rats | #156 |
| ammonia ligase | #156 |
| 1788 | #157 |
| protein acute | #157 |
| neuroactive | #157 |
| affinity uptake | #157 |
| radioenzymatic | #157 |
| korsakoff syndrome | #158 |
| ethanol day | #158 |
| dimethadione | #158 |
| nitrosative | #159 |
| glt1 expression | #159 |
| increased 5 | #159 |
| prominent increase | #159 |
| water brain | #159 |
| gfap expression | #159 |
| astrocytosis | #160 |
| glutamate ampa | #160 |
| brain dysfunction | #160 |
| 3methoxytyramine | #160 |
| groups responses | #160 |
| diphosphatase | #161 |
| gfap mrna | #161 |
| neuropathologically | #161 |
| expression hepatic | #161 |
| reaction ammonia | #161 |
| homogenates | #162 |
| mercaptans | #162 |
| perivenous | #162 |
| synaptosomal uptake | #162 |
| increased stimulation | #162 |
| vicious cycle | #163 |
| affinity transport | #163 |
| rats nitric | #163 |
| neurological evaluation | #163 |
| increased degradation | #164 |
| manganese concentrations | #164 |
| mice acetaminophen | #164 |
| transketolase | #164 |
| glutamine production | #164 |
| victor | #165 |
| human alcoholics | #165 |
| regions levels | #166 |
| extracellular concentrations | #166 |
| bergmann glial cells | #166 |
| glast | #166 |
| brain energy metabolism | #166 |
| increased cerebrospinal | #167 |
| aids aidsrelated complex | #167 |
| severe signs | #167 |
| male manganese | #167 |
| dansyl chloride | #167 |
| neurotransmitter | #167 |
| increased csf | #167 |
| benzodiazepine | #167 |
| deficiency liver | #168 |
| surgical models | #168 |
| neurotoxic compounds | #168 |
| malateaspartate shuttle | #169 |
| precise role | #169 |
| monophosphatase | #170 |
| strains spectrometry | #170 |
| elevated activities | #171 |
| acetaminophen acetylcysteine | #171 |
| medial geniculate nucleus | #171 |
| increase pge2 | #171 |
| complications liver | #171 |
| early increases | #172 |
| terms relationship | #172 |
| expression alpha1 | #172 |
| apap administration | #172 |
| ketoglutarate | #172 |
| transport brain | #172 |
| rats protective | #173 |
| complex pyruvate | #174 |
| protein gfap | #174 |
| synergistic actions | #175 |
| chain amino | #175 |
| stereotyped behavior | #175 |
| dehydroascorbic | #175 |
| brain energy | #175 |
| binding calcium | #175 |
| taurine concentrations | #175 |
| gfap immunoreactivity | #176 |
| guanidino compounds | #177 |
| eaat4 | #178 |
| neurological dysfunction | #178 |
| neurological complications | #178 |
| fine motor function | #179 |
| patients plasma levels | #179 |
| rats csf | #180 |
| brain monoamine | #180 |
| symptoms including | #180 |
| serotonin 5hydroxytryptamine | #180 |
| brain concentration | #181 |
| 3hflunitrazepam | #181 |
| experimental hepatic | #181 |
| autoradiography binding | #181 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate | #182 |
| dheas dhea | #182 |
| biochemical consequences | #182 |
| accumulation brain | #182 |
| competitive brain | #183 |
| neuropsychiatric | #183 |
| patients mhe | #183 |
| animals antimetabolites | #184 |
| nutritional consequences | #184 |
| nnos mrna | #184 |
| fluorescence analysis | #185 |
| glast glt1 | #185 |
| amphetamine apomorphine | #185 |
| neurological disorder | #185 |
| branchedchain amino acids | #185 |
| mm kcl | #186 |
| expression occludin | #187 |
| spraguedawley serotonin | #187 |
| controls regions | #187 |
| stress pathogenesis | #187 |
| sequellae | #187 |
| otc | #188 |
| dawley serotonin | #188 |
| alcar | #188 |
| compared sham | #188 |
| dehydrogenase complex | #188 |
| cb154 | #188 |
| pcr ratio | #188 |
| highaffinity uptake | #189 |
| rat cerebellum | #189 |
| vasogenic brain edema | #189 |
| aminobutyric | #190 |
| agonist properties | #190 |
| dopamine turnover | #191 |
| specific ligand | #192 |
| pregnanolone | #192 |
| aged ammonia | #192 |
| studies alterations | #193 |
| gilles tourettes syndrome | #194 |
| patient material | #194 |
| pavlov | #194 |
| righting reflex | #194 |
| gamma aminobutyric | #195 |
| of3h | #195 |
| limited therapeutic | #195 |
| patients immunohistochemistry | #195 |
| intracellular receptors | #196 |
| expression tight | #197 |
| tissue patients | #197 |
| mice acute | #197 |
| guanidino | #198 |
| manganese compounds | #198 |
| concomitant loss | #198 |
| astrocyte function | #198 |
| unaltered | #198 |
| mrna protein expression | #198 |
| thalamus hippocampus | #199 |
| glutamatergic synaptic | #200 |
| mitochondria neurons | #200 |
| noradrenaline transporter | #200 |
| etiology patients | #200 |
| experimental chronic | #200 |
| 35 degrees | #200 |
| substitutive | #200 |
| brainstem structures | #201 |
| highest density | #201 |
| csf concentrations | #201 |
| synthetase expression | #201 |
| equal | #202 |
| translation clinic | #202 |
| activation brain | #202 |
| severity liver disease | #202 |
| cerebral glucose utilization | #202 |
| vitro receptor | #203 |
| therapeutic interventions | #203 |
| activities increased | #203 |
| chronic alcohol abuse | #204 |
| benzodiazepine binding | #204 |
| cns dysfunction | #205 |
| ketone oxidoreductases | #205 |
| trials low risk | #206 |
| manganism | #206 |
| cuznsod | #206 |
| grc | #206 |
| poor nutrition | #206 |
| central noradrenergic | #207 |
| ldh5 | #207 |
| ldh1 | #207 |
| astrocytic response | #209 |
| neuropathological studies | #209 |
| laboratory rat | #209 |
| immunohistochemistry messenger receptors | #209 |
| ethanol increased | #210 |
| bergmann | #210 |
| uptake pattern | #210 |
| overt hepatic | #210 |
| concomitant increase | #210 |
| millimolar concentrations | #211 |
| cns gaba | #212 |
| laspartate | #212 |
| brain structures | #212 |
| patients liver dysfunction | #212 |
| histopathological studies | #212 |
| isoquinolines male | #212 |
| cerebellum striatum | #213 |
| gabaa receptor agonist | #214 |
| address issue | #214 |
| patients died | #214 |
| plasma ammonia | #214 |
| 3h8 | #215 |
| role pathogenesis | #215 |
| nitrite nitrate levels | #216 |
| failure mice | #216 |
| key factor | #216 |
| glutamine cycle | #216 |
| animals liver | #216 |
| glutamine synthetase activity | #217 |
| noradrenergic function | #217 |
| bbb breakdown | #217 |
| cultured rat astrocytes | #218 |
| taurine animals | #219 |
| thiamine vitamin | #219 |
| 3hro | #219 |
| inbred strains spectrometry | #220 |
| excitatory neurotransmitters | #221 |
| glutamate exposure | #221 |
| agonal | #221 |
| new therapeutic opportunities | #221 |
| 3 post | #222 |
| level severity | #222 |
| terry | #223 |
| deficient animals | #224 |
| death mechanisms | #224 |
| cyclase sgc | #225 |
| vulnerable period | #226 |
| 2 quality | #226 |
| gaba receptor | #227 |
| hepatic microcirculation | #228 |
| il1beta mrna | #228 |
| exposure inhalation | #228 |
| gaba cns | #228 |
| animals effects | #229 |
| acute chronic exposure | #229 |
| excitatory transmitter | #229 |
| cortical synaptosomes | #229 |
| shunt | #230 |
| opca | #230 |
| muscarinic cholinergic | #230 |
| cholestatic rats | #230 |
| mk801 treatment | #230 |
| receptor ligands | #231 |
| previous report | #231 |
| hippocrates | #231 |
| glutamate excitotoxicity | #231 |
| extracellular glutamate | #232 |
| rats weeks | #233 |
| spraguedawley reference values | #234 |
| glutamate transport | #234 |
| increasing evidence | #234 |
| increased intracranial | #234 |
| brain deposition | #235 |
| phosphate esters | #235 |
| cau | #235 |
| liver injury mice | #236 |
| resonance study | #236 |
| pair fed | #236 |
| 3hglutamate | #237 |
| serotonin tryptophan | #237 |
| pdh complex | #238 |
| glial proliferation | #238 |
| lc3 lipidation | #238 |
| encephalopathy mhe | #239 |
| animals rats | #239 |
| binding brain | #240 |
| reduced glutathione levels | #240 |
| end‐stage liver disease | #240 |
| multiple systematic reviews | #240 |
| concentrations elevated | #240 |
| levels glutamate | #240 |
| psychoactive medications | #241 |
| presynaptic neuron | #241 |
| caudate putamen | #241 |
| minimal hepatic | #241 |
| nacl kcl | #241 |
| cycle disorders | #242 |
| 13cacetate | #242 |
| brain samples | #242 |
| glur2 | #243 |
| neurobehavioral | #243 |
| sgc | #243 |
| treatment central | #243 |
| neuronal membrane | #244 |
| cerebral cortex hippocampus | #244 |
| neuronal localization | #244 |
| normal processes | #244 |
| manganese concentration | #244 |
| alf patients | #244 |
| aged monoamine | #245 |
| hypothalamus hypothalamus | #245 |
| unchanged | #246 |
| neurologic assessment | #246 |
| tritium animals | #246 |
| acids animals | #246 |
| glutamine concentration | #246 |
| bloodbrain barrier breakdown | #246 |
| plasma brain | #247 |
| soluble guanylate | #247 |
| synaptosomal preparations | #247 |
| nonpregnant rats | #247 |
| hippocampal sclerosis | #248 |
| neuroactive steroids | #248 |
| 5 hydroxyindoleacetic | #248 |
| histaminergic | #248 |
| minimal hepatic encephalopathy | #248 |
| allosteric coupling | #249 |
| deficient rats | #249 |
| betaep | #249 |
| glutamate transporter glt1 | #250 |
| increased expression | #250 |
| synaptic transmission | #250 |
| glutamate gaba | #251 |
| reactive nitrogen intermediates | #251 |
| findings activation | #251 |
| gaba uptake | #252 |
| fatigue chronic | #252 |
| symptoms brain | #253 |
| animals aspartic | #253 |
| reduced cerebral | #253 |
| focal loss | #254 |
| rats taurine | #255 |
| watersoluble vitamins | #256 |
| brain caudate | #256 |
| rat cerebellar | #256 |
| therapeutic measures | #257 |
| 4513 | #257 |
| norepinephrine turnover | #257 |
| brain disorder | #257 |
| soluble guanylate cyclase | #257 |
| alterations expression | #257 |
| mhe | #258 |
| animals ataxia | #258 |
| pallidum | #258 |
| choline acetyltransferase | #259 |
| – brain | #259 |
| receptor autoradiography | #259 |
| ed1 | #259 |
| transporters amino | #259 |
| rats time factors | #259 |
| phenylalanine levels | #260 |
| glutamine synthetase | #260 |
| precipitating factors | #260 |
| agents rats | #260 |
| liver liver failure | #261 |
| gene expression alterations | #261 |
| treatment neurological disorders | #262 |
| binding ligands | #262 |
| liver skeletal muscle | #262 |
| endogenous ligands | #262 |
| neurological impairment | #263 |
| acetyl carnitine | #263 |
| muscle rigidity | #264 |
| gamma tumor | #264 |
| liver testis | #264 |
| alcoholic male | #264 |
| concentrations brain | #264 |
| spf | #264 |
| gabaergic neurotransmission | #265 |
| rats compared | #265 |
| calleja | #265 |
| cisterna | #265 |
| cerebellar pathology | #266 |
| reactive gliosis | #267 |
| dopamine spiperone | #267 |
| male c57bl6 mice | #267 |
| dopamine noradrenaline | #267 |
| protein gene expression | #268 |
| isoquinolines | #268 |
| cell volume regulation | #268 |
| electrically stimulated | #268 |
| contributory | #269 |
| expression nitric | #270 |
| hepatic | #271 |
| sleep abnormalities | #271 |
| female hepatic | #271 |
| octanoic acid | #272 |
| brain human | #272 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #272 |
| pharmacological manipulation | #272 |
| displaceable | #272 |
| microdialysates | #272 |
| neurotransmitter systems | #274 |
| brains | #274 |
| greenwood | #276 |
| expression brain | #277 |
| quin | #277 |
| normal conditions | #277 |
| neuronal cell death | #278 |
| glutamate uptake | #279 |
| national association | #280 |
| gamma liver | #280 |
| neurotoxic action | #280 |
| tryptamine | #280 |
| 14c2 | #281 |
| microassay | #281 |
| striatum cerebral cortex | #281 |
| metal toxicity | #281 |
| intracranial hypertension | #282 |
| gaba levels | #282 |
| guanylate cyclase | #282 |
| glur3 | #283 |
| maoa | #283 |
| behavioural impairment | #284 |
| cortical astrocytes | #284 |
| severe neurological | #284 |
| 3mt | #284 |
| ucds | #285 |
| nitrated proteins | #285 |
| ht release | #285 |
| concentrations dopamine | #285 |
| barrier breakdown | #285 |
| acute hepatic failure | #287 |
| glomerular filtrate | #287 |
| deficiency disorders | #288 |
| excitatory amino acids | #289 |
| acid astrocytes | #289 |
| reduction oxidative stress | #290 |
| apap hepatotoxicity | #290 |
| adult values | #290 |
| azoxymethane | #291 |
| human liver disease | #292 |
| ligands male | #292 |
| mice cerebral | #292 |
| patients fatigue | #292 |
| brain cerebellum | #292 |
| autoradiographic studies | #293 |
| glutamine | #293 |
| reduced capacity | #293 |
| effects hypothermia | #293 |
| brain regional | #293 |
| failure rats | #293 |
| concentrations zinc | #293 |
| odn | #294 |
| induced swelling | #294 |
| altered expression | #294 |
| blood – | #294 |
| substantial increases | #295 |
| synthase expression | #296 |
| betaactin | #297 |
| rats increased | #297 |
| rats western cells | #300 |
| overt hepatic encephalopathy | #300 |
| dawley receptors opioid | #304 |
| brain choline | #304 |
| groups sham | #304 |
| actin mrna | #304 |
| rifamycins rifaximin | #305 |
| gamma aminobutyric acid | #306 |
| severe alterations | #306 |
| lnoarg | #306 |
| cytotoxic mechanism | #306 |
| damaged liver | #306 |
| 3hsch | #307 |
| selection model | #307 |
| powerful antioxidant | #307 |
| glutamate | #307 |
| cerebral function | #308 |
| dihydrolipoamide | #308 |
| bioaccumulation | #308 |
| molecular biological techniques | #310 |
| tight junction protein | #310 |
| serotonin metabolism | #311 |
| brain genes | #312 |
| gaba taurine | #312 |
| agonists gaba | #312 |
| 4864 | #312 |
| rats messenger | #313 |
| treatment rats | #313 |
| male osmolar | #314 |
| secondary biliary cirrhosis | #315 |
| chloride animals | #316 |
| brain serotonin | #316 |
| receptors glutamate | #316 |
| adjacent sections | #318 |
| nitrogen metabolism | #318 |
| mice mutant | #318 |
| mitochondrial proliferation | #319 |
| humans manganese | #319 |
| quantitative autoradiography | #319 |
| basal ganglia patients | #319 |
| rats brain | #320 |
| cultured hippocampal neurons | #320 |
| cell death mechanisms | #320 |
| tailpipe | #321 |
| dehydrogenase activity | #321 |
| 235triphenyltetrazolium chloride | #322 |
| eaat3 | #322 |
| isethionate | #323 |
| aqp4 expression | #324 |
| thalamus | #325 |
| acid 5 | #325 |
| complications outcome | #327 |
| neurochemical studies | #327 |
| decreased brain | #327 |
| nervous function | #327 |
| olivopontocerebellar | #328 |
| 5 hiaa | #328 |
| pathol | #329 |
| uptake increased | #329 |
| cerebellar astrocytes | #330 |
| flumazenil | #330 |
| β endorphin | #331 |
| sites human | #331 |
| uptake brain | #333 |
| proinflammatory cytokines | #333 |
| aaas | #333 |
| locomotor | #333 |
| experimental rat | #334 |
| 13cglucose | #335 |
| increased binding | #335 |
| neurotransmitter uptake | #335 |
| hydroxyindoleacetic | #335 |
| brain accumulation | #336 |
| 8 rats | #336 |
| nitrotyrosine | #337 |
| inhalation exposure | #338 |
| responsible | #339 |
| cortex brain | #339 |
| positive synergistic | #340 |
| transport defect | #340 |
| biological plausibility | #341 |
| pdh activity | #341 |
| human hepatic | #341 |
| mutant rats | #342 |
| cerebral cortical | #342 |
| reyes syndrome | #343 |
| benzodiazepine site | #344 |
| brain 5 | #344 |
| altered mental status | #344 |
| dehydrogenase humans | #345 |
| placebo improvement | #345 |
| dansyl | #346 |
| activation nmda | #346 |
| acid gaba | #347 |
| control values | #347 |
| vulnerable | #347 |
| intraventricularly | #347 |
| marked decreases | #349 |
| bdl rats | #349 |
| pigs groups | #350 |
| glutamate levels | #350 |
| increased immunoreactivity | #350 |
| patients dying | #351 |
| alanine amino | #351 |
| nonalcoholics | #351 |
| cortex cerebellum | #352 |
| consequent increase | #352 |
| manganese | #353 |
| series studies | #354 |
| proinflammatory cytokine release | #354 |
| western brain | #354 |
| apapinduced liver injury | #354 |
| consumption rats | #354 |
| expression increased | #355 |
| thiamine supplementation | #356 |
| complex male | #356 |
| brain excitability | #356 |
| duct ligated | #356 |
| deterioration | #357 |
| receptor sites | #357 |
| wellestablished model | #358 |
| postmortem brain tissue | #358 |
| 5hiaa | #358 |
| convulsions | #359 |
| onset brain | #359 |
| proposed role | #359 |
| glutamate homeostasis | #361 |
| mammalian brain | #361 |
| increase extracellular | #361 |
| autoradiography brain | #362 |
| neuroinflammatory | #363 |
| reduced plasma | #363 |
| metabolic events | #363 |
| histamine h1 | #363 |
| rats cns | #364 |
| 9998 | #365 |
| expression pglycoprotein | #365 |
| white matter structures | #366 |
| acids branched | #366 |
| neuroglia | #367 |
| posttranslational rats rats | #367 |
| folic acid antagonists | #368 |
| methoxytyramine | #369 |
| sulfate dheas | #370 |
| 56 mm | #370 |
| cerebral oedema | #370 |
| nacetylcysteine nac | #371 |
| sites binding | #371 |
| metabolic impairment | #372 |
| glutamate synthesis | #372 |
| perineuronal | #372 |
| encountered | #373 |
| affinities | #373 |
| induction cox2 | #373 |
| chemical forms | #373 |
| acid rats | #373 |
| accompanied | #375 |
| astrocytes microglia | #375 |
| 3hmk801 | #375 |
| anaplerotic | #376 |
| ca1 subfield | #376 |
| highaffinity | #376 |
| nh3 nh4 | #377 |
| antioxidant nacetylcysteine | #377 |
| acetyltransferase chat | #378 |
| cirrhosis alcoholic | #378 |
| ngnitro | #378 |
| novo synthesis | #379 |
| basal ganglia thalamus | #380 |
| cell swelling | #380 |
| positive allosteric | #380 |
| epileptic patients | #382 |
| pons | #382 |
| acute chronic | #382 |
| pregnenolone | #383 |
| overwhelming evidence | #383 |
| densities | #385 |
| dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | #386 |
| exposure brain | #386 |
| transporter glut1 | #386 |
| phenylalanine tyrosine | #388 |
| pbz | #390 |
| cerebral edema | #390 |
| effects administration | #390 |
| acetylcholine synthesis | #390 |
| focal cerebral ischemia | #390 |
| hyperglycemic conditions | #390 |
| pet assessment | #392 |
| mice enos | #393 |
| glycine transporter | #394 |
| phthalaldehyde | #394 |
| thioacetamide induced | #394 |
| scatchard plot | #395 |
| phenylacetate | #395 |
| model acute | #396 |
| failure induced | #396 |
| positive allosteric modulator | #397 |
| carnitine levels | #397 |
| omega 3 | #398 |
| bbb permeability | #399 |
| methylhistamines | #399 |
| pathophysiological mechanism | #399 |
| vestibular nucleus | #400 |
| acetyl coa | #400 |
| patients platelets | #400 |
| korsakoff | #400 |
| insulin metabolism | #401 |
| frontal | #401 |
| inferior olive | #402 |
| falls patients | #402 |
| radioligands | #403 |
| rats purpose | #405 |
| liver gut | #407 |
| concerted effort | #407 |
| marker enzymes | #408 |
| methionine sulfoximine | #408 |
| neuropathologic | #408 |
| releasable | #410 |
| adult activities | #412 |
| dopaminergic neurones | #414 |
| shunt surgery | #415 |
| patients ataxia | #416 |
| forebrain cholinergic | #416 |
| ketamine anesthesia | #417 |
| gabaa gammaaminobutyric acid | #418 |
| intellectual function | #419 |
| pk11195 | #419 |
| fibrillary | #421 |
| alcoholic liver | #421 |
| serotonin content | #422 |
| housekeeping gene | #423 |
| sham operation | #423 |
| rats animal | #423 |
| regions brain | #423 |
| asparagine | #423 |
| diazepam binding | #424 |
| hypothermia | #424 |
| tissues brain | #425 |
| salinetreated controls | #425 |
| binding parameters | #426 |
| aidsrelated complex | #426 |
| direct evidence | #426 |
| exsanguination | #427 |
| rats mutant | #428 |
| hepatocyte necrosis | #430 |
| glutamine levels | #431 |
| protein utilization | #431 |
| sacrificed | #432 |
| dawley tissue | #434 |
| peripheral benzodiazepine | #434 |
| hippocampus frontal cortex | #434 |
| onset severe | #434 |
| rats experimental | #435 |
| cytotoxic edema | #437 |
| patients pbc | #437 |
| benzoate | #438 |
| 12 control subjects | #438 |
| addition evidence | #439 |
| isoquinoline | #440 |
| ligand selectivity | #440 |
| attenuates | #441 |
| central process | #441 |
| acids brain | #442 |
| neurological syndrome | #442 |
| brain microglia | #443 |
| patients encephalopathy | #443 |
| arginine transport | #443 |
| 13c enrichment | #443 |
| brain glucose | #443 |
| glyt1 | #444 |
| cultured astrocytes | #444 |
| operated | #445 |
| cultured cerebellar | #445 |
| butterworth | #446 |
| compounds rats | #446 |
| brain water content | #447 |
| topographic distribution | #450 |
| liver skeletal | #450 |
| agematched controls | #450 |
| pyruvate dehydrogenase | #450 |
| acute mice mice | #451 |
| brain tissue patients | #451 |
| effects liver | #451 |
| t1weighted mri | #453 |
| severe liver | #454 |
| central pontine myelinolysis | #455 |
| s100beta | #455 |
| aged amino | #455 |
| immunohistochemistry liver | #455 |
| parachlorophenylalanine | #456 |
| brain swelling | #456 |
| body evidence | #456 |
| h1 receptor | #456 |
| vitro binding assay | #457 |
| impaired liver function | #457 |
| aspartic | #457 |
| brain monoamines | #458 |
| neurobiology | #460 |
| effects brain | #460 |
| brain alterations | #460 |
| increased release | #461 |
| neuropathology | #462 |
| equivocal | #463 |
| 5ht levels | #463 |
| substantial body | #463 |
| neurological | #465 |
| dentate nuclei | #466 |
| hepatic glutathione | #466 |
| neurobehavioural | #467 |
| studies reveal | #468 |
| central cholinergic | #469 |
| glutamic acid | #469 |
| reye | #470 |
| monoamine metabolism | #471 |
| amino acid levels | #471 |
| urea production | #472 |
| alcoholic liver disease | #473 |
| patients hippocampal | #473 |
| putamen patients | #474 |
| ox42 | #475 |
| glutamate transporters | #475 |
| gaba glycine | #475 |
| liver dysfunction | #475 |
| inherited defects | #476 |
| alcohol brain | #477 |
| thiamin | #477 |
| release proinflammatory cytokines | #479 |
| thiamine pyrophosphate | #479 |
| acid humans | #480 |
| amino acid transporters | #480 |
| parkinsons diseases | #481 |
| images brain | #482 |
| inferior colliculus | #482 |
| acute male | #482 |
| chronic alcoholics | #484 |
| brain csf | #484 |
| nitric oxide synthase | #487 |
| triphosphate amino | #488 |
| manganese levels | #488 |
| concentrations increased | #488 |
| acids rats | #490 |
| multinuclear nmr spectroscopy | #491 |
| urea ammonia | #491 |
| glial fibrillary | #492 |
| role brain | #492 |
| increased production | #492 |
| jadad | #492 |
| ischemic cortex | #493 |
| pet ligand | #494 |
| aspartate glutamate | #495 |
| ammonium ion | #495 |
| emitted radiation | #495 |
| pyruvates | #495 |
| outer mitochondrial membrane | #495 |
| rat hippocampal | #496 |
| hexanones | #496 |
| schaffer collaterals | #496 |
| ataxic | #499 |
| neurons nitric | #499 |
| brain diseases | #501 |
| beneficial | #502 |
| brain synaptosomes | #505 |
| 3hd | #505 |
| 5 hydroxytryptophan | #507 |
| ketoacid | #508 |
| acid metabolites | #509 |
| fatal complication | #510 |
| gene therapy treatment | #510 |
| discrete brain regions | #511 |
| histamine h1 receptors | #511 |
| increased icp | #511 |
| medulla oblongata | #511 |
| exposure rats | #515 |
| acids amino | #516 |
| major feature | #517 |
| abnormal metabolism | #517 |
| humans neurons | #518 |
| chain acyl | #518 |
| concentrations 5 | #521 |
| neurochemistry | #523 |
| ltrp | #523 |
| inflammation mediators | #525 |
| toxic agents | #526 |
| brain female | #530 |
| rat hippocampal slices | #530 |
| aom | #531 |
| receptor complex | #533 |
| agents dopamine | #533 |
| dawley receptors | #533 |
| 100 µg | #534 |
| neurotoxins | #534 |
| ligation bdl | #534 |
| muscle loss | #534 |
| focal cerebral | #534 |
| combined actions | #535 |
| cerebellum cerebral | #536 |
| bdz | #537 |
| divalent metals | #538 |
| alcoholic cirrhosis | #539 |
| carroll | #539 |
| selective | #539 |
| severe liver disease | #539 |
| tipss | #540 |
| tyrosine nitration | #541 |
| hydroxymethylbilane | #541 |
| brain astrocytes | #542 |
| moderate drinking | #542 |
| moderate increase | #543 |
| aspartate | #544 |
| portasystemic | #544 |
| pyruvate oxidation | #544 |
| liver enzyme | #545 |
| chronic liver | #545 |
| organic osmolytes | #545 |
| energy metabolism | #546 |
| model hepatic | #547 |
| unanesthetized rats | #548 |
| nitrosative stress | #548 |
| cumene | #548 |
| dissected | #548 |
| unconjugated bilirubin | #549 |
| alpha1 alpha2 | #549 |
| thalamic lesions | #550 |
| brain region | #551 |
| taurine levels | #551 |
| fatigue patients | #553 |
| genes brain | #553 |
| brain cytokines | #554 |
| glutamatergic neurotransmission | #554 |
| increased uptake | #555 |
| water ammonia | #555 |
| nmda receptor antagonist | #556 |
| disease liver | #557 |
| failure liver | #558 |
| rats bile | #558 |
| microdialysate | #563 |
| gabaergic gaba | #563 |
| levels hepatic | #563 |
| cortex female humans | #564 |
| hydroxytryptophan | #564 |
| microglial response | #566 |
| mhe patients | #567 |
| malnutrition patients | #567 |
| serum bilirubin levels | #567 |
| ischemia liver | #568 |
| established role | #568 |
| autoradiographic | #569 |
| transient increase | #569 |
| lhistidine | #569 |
| neurotransmitter glutamate | #571 |
| neurologic signs | #573 |
| gaba | #574 |
| pathway brain | #574 |
| decarboxylase gad | #576 |
| octopamine | #577 |
| outcome liver | #577 |
| il1beta expression | #578 |
| apap induced | #578 |
| expression mrnas | #578 |
| liver pathology | #580 |
| oxobutanoate | #580 |
| biogenic monoamines | #581 |
| increases blood | #582 |
| pyridinium compounds | #582 |
| octanoic | #582 |
| brain metabolism | #583 |
| histological lesions | #583 |
| 5hydroxytryptophan | #584 |
| neurobehavioral effects | #588 |
| edema formation | #589 |
| monoamine oxidases | #589 |
| bloodbrain barrier | #589 |
| human spinal | #590 |
| activity brain | #591 |
| 13c nuclear | #592 |
| accompanying | #593 |
| toxic levels | #593 |
| catalytic sites | #594 |
| endogenous opioid | #594 |
| pathophysiological mechanisms | #594 |
| t1weighted imaging | #597 |
| highenergy phosphates | #598 |
| aminobutyric acid gaba | #599 |
| extracellular fluid | #600 |
| neuronal nitric | #601 |
| include | #601 |
| neuroglial | #601 |
| leigh disease | #601 |
| 3hcholine | #602 |
| taurine | #602 |
| largest increases | #604 |
| methyltyrosines | #606 |
| male nitric | #606 |
| glutamine humans | #607 |
| extracellular compartment | #608 |
| vermis | #608 |
| cirrhosis | #609 |
| molecular studies | #609 |
| acetyl | #609 |
| cortical slices | #610 |
| male metabolism | #610 |
| ammonia concentration | #612 |
| friedreich ataxia | #612 |
| ventricular enlargement | #612 |
| animals autoradiography | #614 |
| neurovascular unit | #615 |
| spraguedawley receptors | #615 |
| axonopathy | #616 |
| microglial | #616 |
| selective accumulation | #616 |
| c57bl6 mice | #618 |
| artery ligation | #618 |
| tricarboxylic | #618 |
| normothermic | #619 |
| mammillary | #620 |
| increased expression genes | #620 |
| acidic protein | #621 |
| junction proteins | #624 |
| controls addition | #624 |
| new approaches | #625 |
| hippocampal slices | #625 |
| oxidase mao | #625 |
| semi quantitative | #626 |
| amino acid concentrations | #626 |
| edema brain | #627 |
| hepatic levels | #628 |
| nimesulide | #628 |
| experimental animal model | #628 |
| clf | #629 |
| dbi | #629 |
| free radical formation | #630 |
| blood borne | #631 |
| neurobehavior | #631 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate dheas | #633 |
| ataxia | #634 |
| contributory role | #635 |
| allosteric interactions | #635 |
| urea synthesis | #635 |
| dopamine striatum | #635 |
| encephalopathies | #636 |
| neurological damage | #637 |
| levels observed | #638 |
| neuroinflammation | #638 |
| harper | #638 |
| astrocyte cultures | #638 |
| cerebellum | #639 |
| conduction velocities | #640 |
| deleterious effects | #640 |
| rats glucose | #641 |
| acid hippocampus | #643 |
| receptor densities | #644 |
| neuronal excitability | #645 |
| excitatory inhibitory | #645 |
| early role | #646 |
| frontal temporal | #647 |
| nntetraacetic acid | #647 |
| chronic exposure | #647 |
| desoxycorticosterone | #652 |
| matsumoto | #652 |
| excitatory amino | #653 |
| branched chain | #653 |
| cytokines tnf | #654 |
| tricarbonyl | #655 |
| gabaa gaba | #656 |
| 1400w | #657 |
| mental state | #657 |
| enos gene | #659 |
| acid transporter | #659 |
| dawley sodium | #661 |
| potential toxic effects | #662 |
| cerebral cortex | #663 |
| uptake release | #664 |
| metabolic basis | #665 |
| 3hspiperone | #665 |
| fibrillary acidic | #666 |
| cycle enzymes | #668 |
| heterogeneous distribution | #669 |
| cogent | #670 |
| inhibitory properties | #673 |
| minocycline treatment | #673 |
| metabolism rats | #675 |
| potassium concentration | #675 |
| 7ni | #678 |
| 7nitroindazole | #679 |
| evoked release | #682 |
| reduction expression | #683 |
| neuropathological | #683 |
| ornithine | #684 |
| excitatory | #684 |
| millimolar | #684 |
| ammonia treatment | #684 |
| regional specificity | #684 |
| gammaaminobutyric acid | #685 |
| frontal cortex hippocampus | #686 |
| cerebral atrophy | #688 |
| microg m3 | #688 |
| spraguedawley | #688 |
| protein tspo | #691 |
| brain regions | #695 |
| hepatic damage | #695 |
| fulminant | #695 |
| ca1 pyramidal cells | #695 |
| acetylcysteine animals | #697 |
| daily administration | #697 |
| extrapyramidal | #698 |
| synthase nnos | #698 |
| enzyme complex | #699 |
| bcaas | #700 |
| brain disorders | #700 |
| immunolabeling | #701 |
| blood‐brain barrier | #701 |
| normoglycemic | #703 |
| ammonia production | #703 |
| autophagy markers | #704 |
| rats dawley receptors | #705 |
| ethanol ingestion | #706 |
| quinolinic | #706 |
| acetylcysteine nac | #709 |
| cornerstone | #711 |
| glut1 expression | #714 |
| cortex rats | #715 |
| reductions | #719 |
| phenylbutyrate | #723 |
| bmax values | #723 |
| 6 day | #724 |
| surgical samples | #724 |
| nutritional status patients | #725 |
| acute hepatic | #726 |
| ketoglutaric | #729 |
| contribute | #730 |
| serotoninergic | #730 |
| expression isoforms | #736 |
| intensive study | #737 |
| piribedil | #740 |
| fluorimetric detection | #741 |
| mm nacl | #742 |
| ligation liver | #744 |
| dopaminergic function | #745 |
| biochemical alterations | #746 |
| cerebellar granule | #746 |
| methylglucose | #747 |
| tight junction | #748 |
| male microdialysis | #749 |
| glucose oxidation | #749 |
| choline acetyltransferase chat | #752 |
| cytochrome oxidase activity | #753 |
| alterations | #754 |
| scatchard analysis | #754 |
| illness terminology | #756 |
| glutamate glu | #757 |
| portasystemic shunt | #757 |
| delta receptors opioid | #758 |
| alcoholism animals | #760 |
| ergic | #761 |
| varying degrees | #762 |
| substantial evidence | #763 |
| ammonium chloride | #763 |
| opioid delta receptors | #764 |
| tryptamines | #764 |
| neutron activation analysis | #765 |
| levels 5 | #768 |
| gdh | #769 |
| normal liver function | #769 |
| excitotoxic | #769 |
| barrier permeability | #770 |
| control genes | #773 |
| newborn astrocytes | #774 |
| peripheral organs | #775 |
| cellular energy metabolism | #776 |
| ethanol consumption | #777 |
| increased blood | #778 |
| brain gene | #780 |
| hepatic dysfunction | #783 |
| species reactive | #783 |
| receptor function | #784 |
| cortex thalamus | #785 |
| methods principal findings | #785 |
| mnsod | #785 |
| messenger rats | #786 |
| glut1 | #786 |
| globus pallidus | #787 |
| nakatpase | #787 |
| early alterations | #789 |
| brain function | #790 |
| probenecid | #791 |
| major route | #791 |
| spraguedawley receptors messenger | #791 |
| 2 fold | #792 |
| glyceraldehyde3 phosphate | #792 |
| hypothermia treatment | #793 |
| specific ligands | #793 |
| rat cerebral | #795 |
| selective effects | #796 |
| typical cases | #796 |
| plasma clearance | #797 |
| ethanol solution | #797 |
| severity liver | #799 |
| neuronal integrity | #799 |
| nitroarginine | #801 |
| pertinence | #805 |
| hiaa | #806 |
| neurotoxic effects | #807 |
| ultimately | #807 |
| nh4cl | #807 |
| pyruvate metabolism | #808 |
| mrna protein | #809 |
| chat | #811 |
| predilection | #812 |
| acute brain injury | #812 |
| role astrocytes | #812 |
| enos mice | #815 |
| update | #816 |
| coma | #816 |
| glycolytic activity | #819 |
| cerebellar granule cells | #820 |
| nmethyldaspartate | #822 |
| eaat1 | #823 |
| pbc patients | #823 |
| iii groups | #824 |
| pathogenesis treatment | #825 |
| complete disappearance | #825 |
| age matched | #826 |
| edema | #826 |
| atomic absorption spectrometry | #828 |
| alzheimer type | #828 |
| synthesis rates | #829 |
| nitrite nitrate | #829 |
| glial | #830 |
| water homeostasis | #831 |
| neurons astrocytes | #831 |
| diseases alcoholic | #832 |
| alcoholics | #832 |
| eaat2 | #833 |
| monoamine | #834 |
| decreases | #835 |
| manifested | #836 |
| pathophysiological | #837 |
| operated rats | #837 |
| amino3 | #838 |
| explain | #838 |
| animal cell | #839 |
| oligonucleotide primers | #839 |
| treatment improvement | #841 |
| metabolic disorder | #842 |
| expression ho1 | #843 |
| cell loss | #845 |
| isotopomer | #846 |
| hypothermia patients | #846 |
| cfos cjun | #848 |
| pharmacokinetic analyses | #849 |
| oblongata | #849 |
| chronic alcohol consumption | #851 |
| gaba receptors | #852 |
| receptor mediated | #853 |
| nmda receptor | #853 |
| matched age | #854 |
| daily injections | #854 |
| glutamatergic | #856 |
| consequence | #856 |
| compromised | #857 |
| bbb integrity | #858 |
| griess | #861 |
| aromatic amino acids | #861 |
| alcoholic | #862 |
| hepatic disease | #862 |
| order role | #862 |
| continues | #863 |
| antioxidant action | #863 |
| inflammatory mechanisms | #866 |
| thalamic nuclei | #866 |
| cerebellar ataxia | #867 |
| early induction | #867 |
| normalizes | #869 |
| manifest | #870 |
| chronic liver disease | #871 |
| oxide rats | #872 |
| fpc | #874 |
| succimer | #877 |
| low risk bias | #880 |
| nmda receptor antagonists | #881 |
| cisterna magna | #882 |
| excitatory amino acid | #882 |
| barrier bbb | #882 |
| greater susceptibility | #882 |
| stimulated release | #887 |
| comatose | #890 |
| western cells | #890 |
| dehydrogenase | #890 |
| multinuclear | #891 |
| shamoperated animals | #891 |
| cultured hippocampal | #892 |
| interfere | #893 |
| nutritional intervention | #893 |
| mutant mouse | #894 |
| lipoamide | #897 |
| neuropsychiatric symptoms | #898 |
| exp | #899 |
| acetaminophen apap | #900 |
| sulfoximine | #901 |
| common death | #901 |
| dizocilpine maleate | #901 |
| cirrhosis pbc | #902 |
| lowering | #904 |
| neurons rna | #904 |
| experimental animal | #905 |
| quinolinic acid | #905 |
| autopsy brain | #907 |
| pcs | #907 |
| brain activities | #908 |
| factor tumor | #912 |
| acid animals | #912 |
| pathophysiology | #913 |
| selective ligands | #913 |
| colliculus | #913 |
| placebo intervention | #919 |
| publication acidosis | #919 |
| cerebellar degeneration | #920 |
| microdialysis study | #920 |
| rat cortical | #922 |
| liver homogenates | #922 |
| delta receptors | #924 |
| survival mice | #926 |
| urea cycle | #929 |
| striatum hippocampus | #930 |
| pugh | #931 |
| nacetylcysteine | #931 |
| microglial activation | #932 |
| findings evidence | #932 |
| hydroxy2di | #933 |
| activities enzymes | #936 |
| tartrates | #942 |
| reaction water | #942 |
| hepatic diseases | #942 |
| developing rat brain | #942 |
| study liver | #943 |
| injured liver | #943 |
| rats exposed | #943 |
| agents oxidative | #943 |
| mammalian cns | #943 |
| marked | #945 |
| rapid removal | #945 |
| pca | #948 |
| maladies | #949 |
| cirrhosis magnetic | #950 |
| 25mm | #951 |
| concentrations observed | #954 |
| spontaneous release | #957 |
| altered | #962 |
| spraguedawley receptors rats | #963 |
| detailed review | #964 |
| putamen | #967 |
| assay rats | #967 |
| humans hypothermia | #969 |
| translocator protein | #969 |
| moderate hypothermia | #970 |
| increased glycolysis | #971 |
| cerebral glucose | #971 |
| intermediary metabolism | #971 |
| chronic liver diseases | #971 |
| acid transport | #971 |
| nm range | #973 |
| autoradiographic study | #974 |
| kidney heart | #979 |
| aspartic acid | #979 |
| post translational modifications | #980 |
| neurological disease | #983 |
| occludin | #984 |
| oxygenase1 ho1 | #988 |
| pdh | #990 |
| effective measures | #990 |
| 9 mice mice | #990 |
| aquaporin4 | #991 |
| cirrhosis experimental | #991 |
| brain oedema | #992 |
| rats ethanol | #992 |
| increased plasma | #993 |
| spared | #993 |
| propylaminotetralin | #998 |
| damage mechanisms | #999 |
| role oxidative stress | #1006 |
| adaptive mechanisms | #1006 |
| uptake kinetics | #1008 |
| soluble guanylyl | #1008 |
| flunitrazepam | #1008 |
| rifaximin | #1009 |
| cerebro | #1009 |
| metabolic consequences | #1010 |
| rat brain | #1012 |
| neurotoxic | #1013 |
| progressing | #1013 |
| presymptomatic | #1015 |
| modulatory | #1015 |
| fulminant hepatic | #1016 |
| electrified | #1016 |
| publication amino acids | #1017 |
| ligands receptors | #1019 |
| unsuspected | #1020 |
| animal models | #1020 |
| abundant evidence | #1020 |
| 1h | #1023 |
| acids bcaa | #1023 |
| pallidus humans | #1024 |
| antioxidant anti | #1029 |
| astrocyte | #1030 |
| metabolism inborn | #1031 |
| tele | #1032 |
| microsomes | #1032 |
| etanercept treatment | #1034 |
| 7 hours | #1036 |
| muscle expression | #1038 |
| catalepsy | #1039 |
| interleukin1beta | #1041 |
| nutritional assessment | #1043 |
| monoamine oxidase | #1045 |
| pharmacology | #1048 |
| aqp4 | #1050 |
| gabaergic | #1050 |
| acid decarboxylase | #1050 |
| caudate nucleus | #1053 |
| major factor | #1053 |
| endogenous | #1055 |
| aquaporin 4 | #1056 |
| specific antagonist | #1057 |
| hepatolenticular | #1057 |
| involved pathogenesis | #1058 |
| synthetase | #1058 |
| frontoparietal cortex | #1060 |
| adaptive mechanism | #1060 |
| oxygenase1 | #1064 |
| gabaa receptors | #1066 |
| progression liver | #1067 |
| 5ht neurons | #1067 |
| sodium acetate | #1072 |
| rat hepatocytes | #1075 |
| efficacy treatment | #1075 |
| reflex | #1077 |
| membrane preparations | #1077 |
| inflammation infection | #1078 |
| glucose blotting | #1080 |
| accompanies | #1081 |
| gilles | #1083 |
| enzyme activities | #1083 |
| 34dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | #1085 |
| nonneuronal | #1086 |
| content increased | #1090 |
| complex carbohydrates | #1092 |
| lactate concentrations | #1092 |
| major players | #1095 |
| muscle brain | #1097 |
| radioligand assay | #1098 |
| awaiting | #1099 |
| intense staining | #1099 |
| rat primary | #1101 |
| baptaam | #1102 |
| normal physiological conditions | #1106 |
| cell culture studies | #1107 |
| tpp | #1107 |
| junction protein | #1108 |
| medial septum | #1109 |
| hyperintensity | #1111 |
| 5 mm | #1111 |
| assay receptors | #1113 |
| human brain tissue | #1116 |
| inflammation role | #1117 |
| patients alzheimers disease | #1117 |
| cirrhotics | #1118 |
| severe malnutrition | #1122 |
| atrophy brain | #1122 |
| ischemic core | #1127 |
| sprague | #1128 |
| findings role | #1129 |
| cirrhosis male | #1129 |
| astrocytes | #1130 |
| transient elevation | #1131 |
| amino acids | #1134 |
| tetrabenazine | #1135 |
| weight brain | #1137 |
| age controls | #1138 |
| diagonal band | #1139 |
| haloperidol humans | #1142 |
| oxide synthase | #1143 |
| receptors histamine | #1145 |
| hepatobiliary | #1146 |
| pyruvate | #1148 |
| worsens | #1153 |
| nonepileptic | #1153 |
| lactic acidosis | #1153 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate | #1154 |
| control tissue | #1157 |
| altered brain | #1162 |
| biogenic amines | #1163 |
| cresyl | #1166 |
| portosystemic | #1167 |
| h1 | #1168 |
| benzilate | #1171 |
| combustion products | #1172 |
| emax | #1173 |
| enzymologic | #1174 |
| lactate | #1177 |
| etanercept | #1179 |
| rats subjected | #1180 |
| parkinsonian symptoms | #1181 |
| peripheral tissues | #1182 |
| glutamate dehydrogenase | #1182 |
| nerve conduction | #1183 |
| nnos | #1185 |
| rats receptors | #1185 |
| urine levels | #1186 |
| principally | #1189 |
| mechanisms involved | #1191 |
| cardinal features | #1192 |
| synaptic cleft | #1192 |
| hyperintensities | #1193 |
| delta opioid | #1196 |
| causal factor | #1197 |
| rapid onset | #1198 |
| gabaa receptor | #1199 |
| transcriptase polymerase | #1201 |
| venous blood | #1204 |
| dawley | #1205 |
| dopamine uptake | #1205 |
| death cells | #1207 |
| acetyl cysteine | #1207 |
| hepatolenticular degeneration | #1209 |
| development brain | #1211 |
| increasing body | #1214 |
| direct effects | #1216 |
| stereotypy | #1218 |
| binding inhibitor | #1220 |
| brains mice | #1220 |
| radiometric | #1220 |
| pig model | #1221 |
| 5htp | #1222 |
| nmethyld | #1223 |
| fold increase | #1224 |
| neuropsychological impairment | #1226 |
| skeletal rats rats | #1226 |
| mitochondrial swelling | #1228 |
| wilson disease | #1229 |
| deprenyl | #1229 |
| transjugular | #1229 |
| 100 iu | #1232 |
| severity assessment | #1234 |
| cultured rat | #1234 |
| circadian rhythmicity | #1234 |
| hippocampus vitro | #1236 |
| spraguedawley receptors opioid | #1239 |
| nakatpase activity | #1239 |
| hyperexcitability | #1239 |
| congenitally | #1241 |
| glyceraldehyde3 | #1242 |
| hypermetabolism | #1242 |
| brain axis | #1246 |
| partial recovery | #1251 |
| elucidation | #1252 |
| kinetics male | #1253 |
| receptors neurotransmitter | #1254 |
| sprague dawley | #1255 |
| convincing evidence | #1258 |
| methyl aspartate | #1259 |
| gabaa | #1260 |
| 5hydroxyindoleacetic acid | #1261 |
| albumen | #1261 |
| hippocampus striatum | #1262 |
| acetylcysteine | #1262 |
| clinical entities | #1262 |
| myoinositol | #1264 |
| overactivation | #1270 |
| astroglial | #1271 |
| 1h 13c | #1271 |
| olfactory bulbs | #1273 |
| rats expression | #1276 |
| maleate | #1276 |
| apoenzyme | #1281 |
| congenital | #1281 |
| vicious | #1281 |
| milligram | #1281 |
| variable degree | #1282 |
| glutamate decarboxylase | #1287 |
| patients tle | #1288 |
| loss expression | #1288 |
| induced inhibition | #1289 |
| brain inflammation | #1290 |
| metabolite | #1291 |
| acid cycle | #1291 |
| acid male | #1291 |
| cortex kidney | #1292 |
| quisqualate | #1294 |
| ischemia cerebral | #1295 |
| radioreceptor | #1296 |
| rifamycins | #1296 |
| protective | #1297 |
| dawley animals | #1297 |
| deficient | #1297 |
| zinc concentrations | #1300 |
| permeability blood | #1301 |
| synaptosomes | #1302 |
| potential therapeutic approach | #1305 |
| frontoparietal | #1306 |
| opioid delta | #1308 |
| 7 males | #1308 |
| caveolin1 | #1310 |
| neuronal dysfunction | #1310 |
| 5mm | #1314 |
| liver | #1314 |
| heme oxygenase1 | #1316 |
| greater magnitude | #1317 |
| adrenals | #1318 |
| 35°c | #1319 |
| threefold | #1320 |
| receptors methyl | #1321 |
| invariably | #1324 |
| neurotransmission | #1325 |
| dopamine serotonin | #1328 |
| nanomolar | #1328 |
| guanylyl | #1329 |
| appearance | #1329 |
| major complication | #1334 |
| animal electrophoresis | #1334 |
| signaling mechanisms | #1335 |
| acetyltransferase | #1337 |
| cerebellum hippocampus | #1344 |
| phosphate dehydrogenase | #1344 |
| astrocytes cells | #1346 |
| cgmp pathway | #1349 |
| heavy drinkers | #1350 |
| transporter proteins | #1352 |
| brain effects | #1358 |
| neuronal | #1361 |
| dopamine female | #1361 |
| female globus | #1364 |
| interleukin1 receptors | #1364 |
| shunt tips | #1368 |
| male rats rats | #1369 |
| hypoglycaemic | #1375 |
| small decrease | #1378 |
| fur | #1380 |
| electrolyte balance | #1381 |
| aromatic amino | #1383 |
| bile duct ligation | #1386 |
| synergism | #1387 |
| chelation therapy | #1387 |
| nitrated | #1388 |
| gaba agonists | #1389 |
| ca2independent | #1392 |
| preliminary studies | #1394 |
| neurological sequelae | #1395 |
| transamination | #1396 |
| occipital cortex | #1401 |
| intrauterine growth | #1402 |
| immediateearly genes | #1403 |
| pallidus | #1409 |
| guanylate | #1409 |
| larginine | #1412 |
| selectively | #1416 |
| cerebral | #1417 |
| patients findings | #1425 |
| paper details | #1426 |
| normo | #1427 |
| mutant strains | #1429 |
| acute brain | #1433 |
| motor nerve | #1441 |
| paralleled | #1444 |
| shamoperated | #1445 |
| common approaches | #1450 |
| childpugh score | #1450 |
| risk falls | #1451 |
| mitochondrial membranes | #1451 |
| peripheral | #1452 |
| longer wavelength | #1453 |
| hypoglycaemia | #1455 |
| effective prevention | #1456 |
| intraventricular injections | #1456 |
| benzodiazepinones | #1459 |
| clonazepam | #1460 |
| modulatory effects | #1462 |
| hydroxydopamines | #1465 |
| studies brain | #1471 |
| quinuclidinyl | #1472 |
| swelling | #1477 |
| brain tissues | #1479 |
| patients liver disease | #1481 |
| saturable | #1482 |
| 13c | #1485 |
| 23390 | #1485 |
| deficiency | #1486 |
| characteristic | #1488 |
| excitatory neurotransmission | #1488 |
| gfap | #1491 |
| dopamine agents | #1499 |
| messenger rats rats | #1504 |
| neuroprotective role | #1505 |
| primary concern | #1509 |
| histological studies | #1509 |
| bilirubin levels | #1509 |
| increases | #1512 |
| volume regulation | #1512 |
| cortex striatum | #1513 |
| primary biliary cirrhosis | #1514 |
| receptor subunits | #1515 |
| herniation | #1516 |
| rat cerebral cortex | #1519 |
| liver disease | #1519 |
| 1h magnetic | #1523 |
| integrity | #1525 |
| glutamic acid decarboxylase | #1525 |
| tyrosine residues | #1527 |
| branched | #1530 |
| tk | #1532 |
| temporal profile | #1539 |
| increased capacity | #1541 |
| transport animals | #1546 |
| brain homogenates | #1547 |
| acetylcarnitine | #1548 |
| apomorphine | #1548 |
| cholinergic | #1549 |
| vitamins minerals | #1550 |
| tricarboxylic acid | #1551 |
| wistar receptors rats | #1552 |
| lactulose | #1554 |
| regional differences | #1557 |
| pathological hallmark | #1557 |
| neurochemical | #1559 |
| lactate levels | #1561 |
| cirrhosis liver | #1564 |
| reflexes | #1566 |
| pathological mechanisms | #1567 |
| extracellular | #1568 |
| neurotransmitters | #1572 |
| poor diet | #1575 |
| major forms | #1579 |
| brain cerebral | #1580 |
| light energy | #1584 |
| scad | #1584 |
| biliary cirrhosis | #1584 |
| tryptophan | #1585 |
| epilepsy tle | #1585 |
| brain cell | #1586 |
| patients review | #1589 |
| ependymal cells | #1591 |
| ngnitrolarginine methyl ester | #1592 |
| new findings | #1594 |
| lesser extent | #1595 |
| pyruvate carboxylase | #1596 |
| aspartate nmda | #1598 |
| llysine | #1600 |
| pbc | #1601 |
| rat hippocampus | #1602 |
| mri signal | #1605 |
| specific therapies | #1606 |
| brain slices | #1606 |
| ouabain | #1615 |
| tdp | #1615 |
| travelled | #1618 |
| unanesthetized | #1623 |
| anastomosis | #1626 |
| acute mice | #1627 |
| neuroglia neurons | #1629 |
| deficient diet | #1631 |
| failure mechanisms | #1633 |
| receptor human | #1635 |
| prevents | #1637 |
| zinc copper | #1640 |
| cerebellar | #1641 |
| tritium | #1642 |
| dorsal raphe nucleus | #1646 |
| regulation animals | #1647 |
| male membrane glycoproteins | #1648 |
| died | #1650 |
| experimental treatment | #1651 |
| animals cerebral | #1651 |
| brain endothelial | #1652 |
| synthase nitric | #1653 |
| neuromodulatory | #1653 |
| amino acid transport | #1654 |
| glutamate receptors | #1657 |
| distribution animals | #1657 |
| fourfold | #1658 |
| extracellular space | #1660 |
| excitotoxicity | #1661 |
| rapid accumulation | #1664 |
| bbb disruption | #1664 |
| striking similarities | #1667 |
| gapdh | #1667 |
| supporting cells | #1669 |
| autoradiography | #1673 |
| previous findings | #1674 |
| synthetase activity | #1675 |
| messenger | #1677 |
| veratrum | #1688 |
| brain area | #1691 |
| dehydrogenase deficiency | #1694 |
| diseases metabolic | #1696 |
| glycogen metabolism | #1701 |
| brainstem | #1704 |
| postulated | #1708 |
| midbrain | #1708 |
| thp | #1710 |
| accumulate | #1716 |
| fulminant hepatic failure | #1723 |
| ibotenic | #1723 |
| dizocilpine | #1724 |
| inborn | #1724 |
| polyclonal antibody | #1725 |
| phenomenon | #1726 |
| benzodiazepines | #1726 |
| il1beta | #1733 |
| alternative mechanism | #1734 |
| animals arginine | #1735 |
| carnitine | #1735 |
| cumene hydroperoxide | #1737 |
| noninvasive techniques | #1737 |
| disorders nervous | #1739 |
| decarboxylase | #1750 |
| normalization | #1756 |
| alternative hypothesis | #1757 |
| liver disease patients | #1757 |
| magna | #1759 |
| consequent | #1760 |
| tricarboxylic acid cycle | #1761 |
| shunts | #1762 |
| c57bl6 | #1762 |
| spiperone | #1763 |
| metabolism glucose | #1769 |
| allosteric | #1770 |
| intrahepatic portosystemic | #1770 |
| critical appraisal | #1773 |
| betaamyloid | #1781 |
| granule neurons | #1785 |
| acetaminophen induced | #1788 |
| muscarinic | #1789 |
| cell damage | #1790 |
| brain damage | #1791 |
| rats spraguedawley receptors | #1791 |
| adult rat brain | #1794 |
| body temperature | #1794 |
| normothermia | #1794 |
| glucose utilization | #1797 |
| common complication | #1799 |
| nmr study | #1802 |
| ampa receptors | #1806 |
| superfusion | #1810 |
| preliminary investigation | #1812 |
| primary metabolism | #1813 |
| coa dehydrogenase | #1815 |
| nutritional supplements | #1815 |
| major organs | #1815 |
| endorphin | #1817 |
| oxazepam | #1822 |
| pyruvic | #1822 |
| rat | #1829 |
| hypertension intracranial | #1832 |
| dorsal raphe | #1833 |
| hippocampal ca1 | #1834 |
| hepatic failure | #1835 |
| vmax values | #1836 |
| major roles | #1837 |
| bdl | #1839 |
| mild | #1840 |
| reuptake | #1843 |
| neurological deterioration | #1844 |
| compared controls | #1845 |
| granule cells | #1846 |
| metalloproteinase9 | #1847 |
| γaminobutyric acid | #1849 |
| toxins | #1850 |
| regulatory processes | #1854 |
| capillary gas chromatography | #1856 |
| ammonium compounds | #1857 |
| chronic alcohol | #1857 |
| monoaminergic | #1862 |
| cirrhotic rats | #1863 |
| liver transplantation patients | #1865 |
| body water | #1865 |
| caudate | #1868 |
| cholinergic neurons | #1872 |
| stroke outcome | #1876 |
| lactate production | #1877 |
| immunoreactivities | #1877 |
| platelets patients | #1882 |
| disorder treatment | #1886 |
| glutamate release | #1886 |
| neurotoxicity syndromes | #1886 |
| beta endorphin | #1892 |
| acute | #1900 |
| locomotor activity | #1902 |
| hepatoprotective | #1903 |
| common feature | #1904 |
| induced liver | #1906 |
| atp adp | #1913 |
| induced rats | #1917 |
| cirrhosis biliary | #1919 |
| penicillamine | #1920 |
| stereotyped | #1920 |
| colorimetric assay | #1921 |
| patients cirrhosis | #1923 |
| rodent models | #1923 |
| grossly | #1925 |
| dipeptides | #1930 |
| behavioral abnormalities | #1932 |
| precipitated | #1934 |
| tspo | #1935 |
| nitration | #1937 |
| areas brain | #1941 |
| patients aids | #1944 |
| neurocognitive impairment | #1945 |
| major metabolite | #1952 |
| major site | #1957 |
| synthase | #1958 |
| dpat | #1961 |
| concomitant | #1962 |
| normal dogs | #1965 |
| cerebral metabolism | #1965 |
| acid transporters | #1966 |
| acid synthesis | #1966 |
| spectroscopy male | #1968 |
| manganese superoxide dismutase | #1970 |
| 5hydroxytryptamine | #1977 |
| druginduced liver injury | #1977 |
| nmethyldaspartate receptors | #1977 |
| globus | #1977 |
| mice compared | #1981 |
| 28 weeks | #1981 |
| degeneration humans | #1986 |
| potassium exchanging | #1987 |
| erk1 | #1990 |
| neurologic symptoms | #1991 |
| duct ligation | #1991 |
| cognitive dysfunction | #1991 |
| idazoxan | #1993 |
| ideal model | #1994 |
| oxotremorine | #1994 |
| 5 ht | #1996 |
| recirculating | #1997 |
| primary biliary | #2000 |
| radioligand | #2001 |
| 2fold increase | #2006 |
| mk801 | #2007 |
| ampa receptor | #2015 |
| heterogeneously | #2017 |
| cerebellar cortex | #2019 |
| overactivity | #2020 |
| injury mice | #2022 |
| arterio | #2023 |
| pet imaging | #2028 |
| glucose brain | #2034 |
| microdialysis | #2036 |
| sham rats | #2036 |
| aminoacids | #2036 |
| neurologic complications | #2036 |
| sham | #2040 |
| peroneal nerve | #2041 |
| osmolytes | #2041 |
| resonance nmr | #2043 |
| exchanging atpase | #2043 |
| cerebri | #2046 |
| cyclase | #2046 |
| pathogenetic mechanisms | #2047 |
| passive diffusion | #2050 |
| suggested | #2053 |
| groups iii | #2063 |
| decreased activity | #2064 |
| tracings | #2064 |
| 10 12 | #2068 |
| dawley rats | #2069 |
| convulsants | #2071 |
| stage liver | #2072 |
| vivo brain | #2074 |
| elucidated | #2077 |
| tumor necrosis factoralpha | #2079 |
| penumbra | #2080 |
| biochemical parameters | #2082 |
| deficit | #2084 |
| acetates | #2087 |
| transjugular intrahepatic | #2089 |
| trace amounts | #2090 |
| international society | #2094 |
| autopsy | #2098 |
| ensuing | #2103 |
| zo1 | #2106 |
| solely | #2108 |
| atrophies | #2109 |
| p0018 | #2111 |
| nitric oxide synthesis | #2117 |
| portal pressure | #2117 |
| chp | #2121 |
| parallel | #2121 |
| synthase type | #2125 |
| neurological manifestations | #2141 |
| ligase | #2142 |
| synergistically | #2143 |
| exception | #2143 |
| brain barrier | #2148 |
| subsequent degradation | #2149 |
| indicative | #2150 |
| time onset | #2158 |
| bmax | #2158 |
| rats spraguedawley | #2158 |
| intracranial pressure | #2167 |
| amnestic | #2169 |
| male rat | #2170 |
| muscimol | #2173 |
| acute effects | #2178 |
| human patients | #2179 |
| gaa | #2180 |
| neural inhibition | #2180 |
| reactive nitrogen | #2187 |
| subchronic | #2189 |
| apap | #2194 |
| blood csf | #2194 |
| increasing recognition | #2200 |
| cox2 | #2203 |
| overt | #2205 |
| parkinsonism | #2209 |
| methysergide | #2212 |
| homovanillic acid | #2217 |
| pressure icp | #2217 |
| vitamin supplements | #2220 |
| hypothermic | #2223 |
| nitroarginine methyl | #2223 |
| brain cells | #2225 |
| function brain | #2230 |
| antiparkinson | #2232 |
| liver enzymes | #2238 |
| minocycline | #2242 |
| pss | #2244 |
| chelators | #2245 |
| neurological disorders | #2248 |
| humans liver | #2249 |
| diminution | #2262 |
| symporters | #2265 |
| blood brain | #2265 |
| liver circulation | #2265 |
| doubt | #2267 |
| nutritional deficiencies | #2268 |
| messenger systems | #2271 |
| gliosis | #2279 |
| behavior rats | #2280 |
| synaptic vesicles | #2297 |
| additional factors | #2297 |
| rats liver | #2299 |
| phosphate | #2300 |
| eeg activity | #2302 |
| acrylamides | #2303 |
| patients minimal | #2304 |
| isoxazolepropionic | #2307 |
| immunoreactive neurons | #2308 |
| superoxide dismutase | #2314 |
| tle | #2315 |
| memantine | #2320 |
| multiorgan failure | #2322 |
| cortex hippocampus | #2325 |
| brain expression | #2326 |
| cultured cerebral | #2327 |
| primary cultures | #2328 |
| systemic inflammatory response | #2328 |
| male nerve | #2330 |
| blindly | #2333 |
| hrqol patients | #2334 |
| housekeeping | #2336 |
| relative increase | #2338 |
| acidosis | #2338 |
| convincing | #2340 |
| scatchard | #2349 |
| lactates | #2359 |
| ligands | #2360 |
| binding assays | #2360 |
| olivary | #2362 |
| benzoic | #2364 |
| inbred strains | #2366 |
| patients increased | #2373 |
| endstage liver disease | #2376 |
| voluntary | #2377 |
| synaptic dysfunction | #2377 |
| competitive inhibitor | #2380 |
| clinical condition | #2391 |
| deficiencies | #2392 |
| mental fatigue | #2392 |
| potential adverse effects | #2393 |
| exchanging | #2401 |
| brains patients | #2401 |
| neurotoxin | #2406 |
| homovanillic | #2416 |
| lnmma | #2430 |
| induced brain | #2432 |
| protein mrna | #2433 |
| transporter 2 | #2443 |
| calcium binding | #2449 |
| cerebral metabolic | #2467 |
| extracellular levels | #2471 |
| 01 mm | #2473 |
| histamine receptor | #2483 |
| fluorescence detection | #2489 |
| peripheral inflammation | #2490 |
| adult male rats | #2491 |
| bbb | #2498 |
| receptors ampa | #2502 |
| synaptic function | #2508 |
| pathogenic role | #2509 |
| count cell | #2510 |
| effects alcohol | #2511 |
| pyridinium | #2513 |
| animal model | #2513 |
| activation microglia | #2514 |
| noxious stimuli | #2518 |
| hypotonia | #2524 |
| vmax | #2529 |
| 5ht | #2530 |
| physical conditioning | #2532 |
| nuclear magnetic | #2534 |
| dopac | #2534 |
| metabolic acidosis | #2541 |
| expression endothelial | #2563 |
| alcohol induced | #2566 |
| male matrix | #2571 |
| fmol | #2572 |
| understanding pathophysiology | #2573 |
| humans ligands | #2573 |
| ataxias | #2577 |
| receptor density | #2577 |
| alpha1 | #2577 |
| vessel walls | #2581 |
| postmortem brain | #2588 |
| microglia neurons | #2591 |
| mao | #2594 |
| multiple mechanisms | #2597 |
| acetylcholinesterase | #2598 |
| cerebrospinal | #2601 |
| groups subjects | #2608 |
| il1β il6 | #2619 |
| 10 microm | #2621 |
| possibility | #2621 |
| cognitive motor | #2623 |
| 15–30 | #2625 |
| greater extent | #2626 |
| methylaspartate | #2630 |
| normalisation | #2632 |
| nitrosation | #2635 |
| biochemical evidence | #2639 |
| deteriorating | #2640 |
| circulating concentrations | #2640 |
| day treatment | #2647 |
| activity rats | #2661 |
| thalamic | #2663 |
| transcriptase | #2663 |
| nitric | #2665 |
| chc | #2665 |
| katpase | #2665 |
| binding competitive | #2668 |
| olfactory bulb | #2669 |
| glutathione levels | #2669 |
| osmolar | #2683 |
| patients alcoholic | #2684 |
| guanylyl cyclase | #2685 |
| glial cell | #2686 |
| serotonin 5 | #2689 |
| effects ethanol | #2695 |
| indwelling | #2704 |
| nerve terminals | #2705 |
| rats control | #2705 |
| laboratory findings | #2710 |
| groups animals | #2715 |
| lactic | #2723 |
| situ nickend | #2733 |
| publication animals behavior | #2737 |
| frontal lobe | #2742 |
| hemodiafiltration | #2755 |
| suggests | #2760 |
| glutaminase | #2764 |
| functional integrity | #2767 |
| regions | #2769 |
| 6hydroxydopamine | #2771 |
| neurons animals | #2774 |
| kindred | #2775 |
| leucine | #2779 |
| turnover rate | #2779 |
| 24h | #2786 |
| systemic circulation | #2789 |
| glutamate receptor | #2789 |
| animal rats | #2790 |
| amino acid | #2798 |
| rhythmicity | #2798 |
| severity patients | #2806 |
| osmolar concentration | #2813 |
| inbred strains mice | #2814 |
| pontine | #2817 |
| exposed | #2821 |
| mechanisms | #2824 |
| hydroxy5 | #2826 |
| microglial cells | #2827 |
| p38mapk | #2831 |
| gastrointestinal agents | #2833 |
| regulation enzymologic | #2834 |
| neurological deficit | #2834 |
| minneapolis | #2835 |
| blood brain barrier | #2841 |
| brain calcium | #2847 |
| marked decrease | #2867 |
| bilirubin | #2876 |
| twofold increase | #2877 |
| amino | #2882 |
| alcoholic fatty | #2882 |
| nerve cells | #2883 |
| alanine | #2885 |
| synaptic | #2888 |
| diabetic animals | #2890 |
| ca2dependent | #2893 |
| pet study | #2897 |
| mmt | #2898 |
| trafficking | #2901 |
| kainate | #2903 |
| slices | #2905 |
| rigidity | #2905 |
| standpoint | #2906 |
| ameliorating | #2910 |
| confirming | #2918 |
| clinical syndrome | #2931 |
| cell volume | #2936 |
| normal control | #2938 |
| dying | #2938 |
| normal animals | #2939 |
| translocator | #2943 |
| subfield | #2943 |
| 12 weeks treatment | #2944 |
| receptors opioid | #2962 |
| impaired | #2964 |
| 11c | #2965 |
| assist devices | #2970 |
| astrocytes cell | #2971 |
| brain uptake | #2974 |
| unaffected | #2982 |
| inflammation liver | #2982 |
| pyruvic acid | #3000 |
| excitatory synapses | #3000 |
| intermediary | #3008 |
| normal values | #3015 |
| aquaporin | #3036 |
| uptake | #3039 |
| kainic | #3043 |
| barrier brain | #3047 |
| cox2 expression | #3051 |
| incubation medium | #3051 |
| ca1 pyramidal | #3053 |
| biliary obstruction | #3054 |
| weighted magnetic | #3069 |
| concert | #3073 |
| tmp | #3076 |
| portosystemic shunt | #3078 |
| metabolite concentrations | #3078 |
| harmful effects | #3082 |
| attenuation | #3083 |
| selegiline | #3086 |
| activated microglia | #3088 |
| reserpine | #3093 |
| liver injury | #3095 |
| cd1 | #3099 |
| catecholaminergic | #3109 |
| atp levels | #3111 |
| adult rats | #3113 |
| renal vein | #3115 |
| valine | #3133 |
| short halflife | #3136 |
| toxic effects | #3137 |
| relative roles | #3149 |
| decreased | #3156 |
| myo inositol | #3161 |
| higher doses | #3168 |
| animals binding | #3169 |
| dhea | #3171 |
| nmda | #3172 |
| loss | #3180 |
| carboxamide | #3189 |
| endorphins | #3192 |
| failure | #3192 |
| relation | #3194 |
| abruptly | #3195 |
| radical scavengers | #3198 |
| bcaa | #3199 |
| inhalation | #3199 |
| mental retardation | #3201 |
| enzymologic genes | #3209 |
| clinical presentations | #3210 |
| ketanserin | #3214 |
| liver function | #3214 |
| heavy drinking | #3218 |
| coenzymes | #3220 |
| noradrenaline | #3224 |
| imidodiphosphate | #3226 |
| active transport | #3232 |
| portal | #3235 |
| gad | #3238 |
| shortchain fatty acids | #3238 |
| acidic | #3243 |
| synaptic membranes | #3244 |
| pyrophosphate | #3248 |
| induced hepatic | #3252 |
| treated rats | #3256 |
| nitrogen species | #3267 |
| systemic | #3276 |
| oxidative metabolism | #3281 |
| respects | #3285 |
| induced seizures | #3287 |
| synaptosomal | #3291 |
| drug repositioning | #3296 |
| behavioral symptoms | #3300 |
| water electrolyte | #3306 |
| kcl | #3307 |
| cell death | #3311 |
| metabolic alterations | #3324 |
| anterolateral | #3326 |
| reverse | #3327 |
| metabolized | #3331 |
| nanomolar concentrations | #3335 |
| sedatives | #3342 |
| general circulation | #3344 |
| nac | #3347 |
| dab | #3352 |
| rats received | #3359 |
| regionally | #3359 |
| benzoates | #3360 |
| membrane transport | #3361 |
| dosedependent fashion | #3364 |
| aspartate receptors | #3366 |
| rats inbred | #3368 |
| subsequent studies | #3371 |
| phenylalanine | #3384 |
| opioid | #3388 |
| cerebral ischemia | #3388 |
| inbred strains receptors | #3389 |
| cortex | #3391 |
| robust evidence | #3394 |
| hydroxytryptamine | #3402 |
| tyrphostins | #3403 |
| galactosamine | #3404 |
| brain disease | #3407 |
| brain lesions | #3412 |
| falls | #3421 |
| disturbances | #3421 |
| histamine | #3423 |
| progressive increase | #3423 |
| ldopa | #3426 |
| quaternary ammonium | #3427 |
| morphologic | #3428 |
| transaminases | #3432 |
| gln | #3436 |
| decreased levels | #3437 |
| modulation | #3439 |
| levels liver | #3443 |
| indole3 | #3446 |
| superior colliculus | #3451 |
| epilepsy temporal | #3453 |
| toxic | #3455 |
| strains mice | #3456 |
| biogenic | #3458 |
| accumulates | #3462 |
| timecourse | #3467 |
| phosphocreatine | #3473 |
| rats rats | #3474 |
| indomethacin | #3480 |
| striatum | #3482 |
| developing rat | #3485 |
| upregulation | #3491 |
| glycine | #3492 |
| brain stem | #3495 |
| subcortical structures | #3497 |
| liver male | #3497 |
| electrochemical detection | #3499 |
| new evidence | #3499 |
| basal ganglia | #3500 |
| rat models | #3503 |
| lobe epilepsy | #3503 |
| previous observations | #3507 |
| aids patients | #3511 |
| huntington | #3515 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone | #3537 |
| aging brain | #3542 |
| neurons oxidative | #3545 |
| rats treatment | #3545 |
| kidney liver | #3555 |
| tyramine | #3558 |
| fold | #3563 |
| cytokines disease | #3576 |
| nerve degeneration | #3584 |
| tissue distribution | #3600 |
| portal vein | #3600 |
| inferior vena cava | #3600 |
| brain structure | #3613 |
| truncated 250 | #3627 |
| antioxidant properties | #3627 |
| pathology | #3635 |
| cofactor | #3636 |
| prolonged exposure | #3636 |
| hypertonic saline | #3638 |
| disease states | #3648 |
| implication | #3650 |
| increased activity | #3655 |
| hydroxydopamine | #3657 |
| precipitating | #3664 |
| ache | #3664 |
| fatty liver | #3666 |
| investigator | #3675 |
| circadian rhythms | #3680 |
| scavengers | #3682 |
| lobe | #3694 |
| splanchnic | #3699 |
| regional variation | #3700 |
| arginine | #3718 |
| proinflammatory cytokine | #3722 |
| new model | #3723 |
| medial | #3735 |
| thioacetamide | #3741 |
| cassette transporters | #3742 |
| treated animals | #3746 |
| induced neurotoxicity | #3751 |
| stress rats | #3755 |
| normal mice | #3758 |
| consensus statement | #3765 |
| dopamine d1 | #3773 |
| 4 wk | #3786 |
| 1968 | #3791 |
| parietal lobe | #3793 |
| acetylcholinesterase ache | #3799 |
| dietary protein | #3801 |
| mitochondrion | #3807 |
| finding | #3814 |
| major | #3815 |
| diazepam | #3825 |
| control animals | #3825 |
| neural cell | #3825 |
| resemble | #3833 |
| western blot analyses | #3838 |
| systemically | #3846 |
| inborn errors | #3846 |
| prefrontal | #3857 |
| effects chronic | #3872 |
| nmr spectroscopy | #3879 |
| malabsorption | #3896 |
| type nitric | #3897 |
| dopamine d1 receptors | #3899 |
| dopa | #3907 |
| enhanced production | #3909 |
| metabolic pathway | #3911 |
| elucidate | #3914 |
| levels measured | #3915 |
| new therapeutic approaches | #3919 |
| nitric oxide production | #3919 |
| tone | #3924 |
| pindolol | #3929 |
| peripheral neuropathy | #3937 |
| ascorbate | #3942 |
| reabsorption | #3949 |
| medulla | #3949 |
| csf | #3949 |
| wet weight | #3951 |
| tourette | #3975 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders | #3978 |
| purkinje cells | #3983 |
| antiinflammatory | #3987 |
| fatigue | #3992 |
| complication | #3992 |
| tca cycle | #4003 |
| pseudotumor | #4006 |
| brain activation | #4009 |
| day 5 | #4011 |
| treatment prevention | #4021 |
| transporter | #4026 |
| nmda receptors | #4053 |
| elevated blood | #4053 |
| bz | #4054 |
| strains receptors | #4069 |
| neurotoxicity | #4070 |
| fischer | #4082 |
| cultured neurons | #4097 |
| remove | #4101 |
| gastrointestinal bleeding | #4103 |
| involve | #4104 |
| nonalcoholic | #4111 |
| intracranial | #4134 |
| coa | #4138 |
| visible spectrum | #4140 |
| induced mitochondrial | #4149 |
| exacerbate | #4165 |
| lower affinity | #4172 |
| future clinical trials | #4178 |
| motor activity | #4178 |
| reverse transcriptase | #4185 |
| nitroso | #4190 |
| nuclear magnetic resonance | #4193 |
| oxide production | #4198 |
| ampa | #4204 |
| endothelial nitric | #4205 |
| liver cirrhosis | #4232 |
| steadystate levels | #4244 |
| knockout receptors | #4249 |
| enkephalins | #4276 |
| tips | #4318 |
| isoenzymes | #4321 |
| contention | #4326 |
| pathogenetic | #4326 |
| 3h | #4342 |
| oxidase inhibitors | #4346 |
| female frontal | #4355 |
| alcohol abuse | #4357 |
| matched | #4358 |
| chelator | #4359 |
| vitro model | #4364 |
| groups rats | #4365 |
| acids | #4373 |
| chorea | #4373 |
| geniculate | #4374 |
| prevention | #4375 |
| ratelimiting enzyme | #4382 |
| neocortical | #4398 |
| rtpcr | #4402 |
| mrna expression | #4418 |
| enos | #4425 |
| hepatic artery | #4425 |
| immunohistochemical analysis | #4428 |
| peripherally | #4430 |
| postnatally | #4433 |
| 10 micrograms | #4438 |
| carbon isotopes | #4449 |
| specific activities | #4449 |
| acid amino | #4455 |
| inos | #4460 |
| tetrahydrobiopterin | #4480 |
| diencephalon | #4481 |
| citric | #4487 |
| agents steroidal | #4499 |
| isoleucine | #4507 |
| chemical drug | #4509 |
| incompletely | #4517 |
| hippocampal neurons | #4518 |
| endogenously | #4521 |
| potent inhibitor | #4528 |
| pglycoprotein | #4535 |
| tissue concentrations | #4552 |
| model chronic | #4561 |
| gssg | #4562 |
| animal studies | #4562 |
| mitochondrial dysfunction | #4575 |
| substantia nigra | #4577 |
| neurological function | #4585 |
| explanation | #4600 |
| acetaminophen | #4606 |
| transaminase | #4608 |
| 250 | #4627 |
| small increase | #4629 |
| liver diseases | #4637 |
| mrna | #4639 |
| narcotic | #4643 |
| models neurological | #4666 |
| enzymes | #4671 |
| myo | #4677 |
| dopamine | #4679 |
| choline | #4683 |
| nitrites | #4684 |
| worsening | #4685 |
| tremor | #4694 |
| relate | #4701 |
| ho1 | #4704 |
| diphosphate | #4705 |
| neuronal survival | #4712 |
| develops | #4714 |
| realtime quantitative pcr | #4719 |
| techniques male | #4729 |
| key enzymes | #4730 |
| debilitating | #4732 |
| skeletal muscle | #4736 |
| amines | #4737 |
| receptors tumor | #4740 |
| motor coordination | #4745 |
| neurovascular | #4749 |
| patients liver cirrhosis | #4749 |
| triphosphate | #4752 |
| receptors | #4761 |
| apoptotic cell death | #4774 |
| patients liver | #4775 |
| neuroprotective agents | #4778 |
| mn2 | #4792 |
| male rats | #4793 |
| ulnar | #4795 |
| opioid peptides | #4821 |
| ganglia | #4828 |
| failing | #4835 |
| membrane cells | #4837 |
| liver regeneration | #4853 |
| constellation | #4875 |
| regional cerebral | #4875 |
| nonselective | #4891 |
| opioid receptors | #4901 |
| modulator | #4905 |
| transporters | #4906 |
| tyrosine | #4906 |
| 001 | #4915 |
| animals antioxidants | #4919 |
| injections intraperitoneal | #4921 |
| neurons rats | #4927 |
| glucose humans | #4936 |
| epilepsy humans | #4940 |
| degree | #4943 |
| kainic acid | #4963 |
| evident | #4988 |
| rapid progression | #4996 |
| viral hepatitis | #4998 |
| indazoles | #5000 |
| methyl2 | #5002 |
| clinical conditions | #5004 |
| 25 mm | #5009 |
| ammonium | #5017 |
| acid metabolism | #5018 |
| neurological diseases | #5024 |
| raphe | #5043 |
| consequences | #5048 |
| immunostaining | #5051 |
| weighted mri | #5053 |
| offspring | #5054 |
| tight | #5055 |
| alcoholism | #5063 |
| cyclooxygenase2 | #5066 |
| malnutrition | #5080 |
| metabolism | #5084 |
| suggesting | #5106 |
| endoperoxide | #5129 |
| clinical criteria | #5130 |
| acid | #5133 |
| nitric oxide | #5140 |
| disorder | #5143 |
| sarcopenia | #5163 |
| anticonvulsant | #5164 |
| glial cells | #5213 |
| temporal lobe | #5226 |
| leads | #5232 |
| animals | #5236 |
| portal hypertension | #5238 |
| child pugh | #5266 |
| sustained | #5277 |
| severe | #5277 |
| normal rats | #5278 |
| cerebrum | #5280 |
| organ dysfunction | #5288 |
| cerebrospinal fluid | #5299 |
| animal brain | #5308 |
| restores | #5312 |
| reversal | #5325 |
| methylarginine | #5330 |
| intoxication | #5344 |
| major impact | #5349 |
| 4 groups | #5350 |
| animal humans | #5364 |
| biomarkers brain | #5401 |
| gastroenterology | #5403 |
| experimental model | #5414 |
| superoxide production | #5416 |
| publication animals | #5417 |
| presynaptic | #5426 |
| induced acute | #5434 |
| regional brain | #5435 |
| gastrointestinal diseases | #5444 |
| intracellular levels | #5450 |
| postsynaptic | #5452 |
| concentrations | #5459 |
| food deprivation | #5463 |
| focal | #5466 |
| blotting western | #5466 |
| thioredoxins | #5505 |
| halflife | #5506 |
| aquaporins | #5515 |
| cns | #5517 |
| involving | #5517 |
| effects exposure | #5523 |
| nash | #5525 |
| controls | #5541 |
| catecholamines | #5549 |
| isolated rat | #5552 |
| affinity | #5553 |
| tca | #5564 |
| glucose metabolism | #5569 |
| lack | #5572 |
| higher density | #5575 |
| sleep disturbances | #5580 |
| hyperbilirubinemia | #5586 |
| glucose transport | #5607 |
| n11 | #5608 |
| summarizes | #5611 |
| platelets | #5615 |
| endotoxemia | #5639 |
| major complications | #5645 |
| free radicals | #5647 |
| postnatal development | #5651 |
| magnetic resonance images | #5652 |
| cachexia | #5666 |
| acute ischemic | #5672 |
| drinkers | #5693 |
| antimetabolites | #5699 |
| tnf | #5709 |
| 73 patients | #5711 |
| transport systems | #5712 |
| receptor binding | #5730 |
| 24 hours | #5741 |
| icp | #5768 |
| evidence base | #5790 |
| precipitate | #5790 |
| nonalcoholic steatohepatitis | #5796 |
| dehydrogenases | #5796 |
| p005 | #5800 |
| brain animals | #5810 |
| depolarization | #5812 |
| aspartate receptor | #5824 |
| serotonin | #5840 |
| substances | #5848 |
| prefrontal cortex | #5859 |
| extravasation | #5862 |
| steroidal | #5865 |
| neuroprotective | #5883 |
| levels elevated | #5885 |
| ketone | #5892 |
| western blot analysis | #5897 |
| appropriately | #5900 |
| mounting evidence | #5926 |
| enkephalin | #5928 |
| potentiate | #5945 |
| detoxification | #5949 |
| disaccharides | #5950 |
| acrylamide | #5950 |
| acid antagonists | #5952 |
| background objectives | #5954 |
| 100 microm | #5954 |
| bulb | #5976 |
| metabolites | #5993 |
| muscle mass | #5993 |
| coenzyme | #5994 |
| etiologies | #5997 |
| anterior cingulate cortex | #6016 |
| antagonist | #6019 |
| butyric | #6023 |
| reversible | #6029 |
| aged rats | #6030 |
| sodium potassium | #6068 |
| additional evidence | #6080 |
| transporter 1 | #6103 |
| methyl4 | #6109 |
| zona | #6114 |
| chemistry | #6120 |
| occurs | #6122 |
| barrier | #6138 |
| trh | #6148 |
| cirrhosis patients | #6152 |
| postmortem | #6152 |
| cortical regions | #6162 |
| hippocampus | #6166 |
| hydroperoxide | #6169 |
| deoxyglucose | #6171 |
| risk bias | #6188 |
| inbred | #6199 |
| esters | #6202 |
| proteins rats | #6221 |
| reduction oxidative | #6231 |
| nervous cns | #6235 |
| disruptions | #6250 |
| vascular endothelium | #6265 |
| anti inflammatory | #6284 |
| mitochondrial function | #6287 |
| hematoxylin | #6290 |
| lactate dehydrogenase | #6298 |
| chain | #6315 |
| carboxylase | #6322 |
| alpha2 | #6323 |
| protein expression | #6343 |
| induced increases | #6360 |
| 20 cases | #6371 |
| rna messenger | #6388 |
| dha | #6392 |
| cbf | #6404 |
| gamma | #6412 |
| remained | #6413 |
| chelating agents | #6422 |
| olfactory | #6441 |
| prosencephalon | #6456 |
| snap | #6464 |
| rats animals | #6469 |
| roi | #6470 |
| antagonists | #6475 |
| peripheral nerve | #6478 |
| histidine | #6482 |
| acyltransferases | #6490 |
| patients chronic | #6498 |
| mesencephalon | #6508 |
| notion | #6511 |
| disease brain | #6514 |
| bromocriptine | #6531 |
| ingestion | #6548 |
| ligation | #6552 |
| dopaminergic | #6553 |
| humans kinetics | #6566 |
| control mice | #6572 |
| longterm treatment | #6575 |
| nomenclature | #6576 |
| disease aged | #6579 |
| physiological function | #6586 |
| humans mitochondria | #6594 |
| microg | #6596 |
| oxidase | #6596 |
| led | #6597 |
| accumulation | #6599 |
| fluid csf | #6600 |
| mmol | #6609 |
| animal dose | #6610 |
| glycolytic | #6625 |
| publication analysis | #6642 |
| inducible nitric | #6643 |
| resonance spectroscopy | #6660 |
| glu | #6665 |
| lowers | #6665 |
| animals bile | #6671 |
| slowing | #6682 |
| p001 | #6684 |
| patients placebo | #6688 |
| proceedings | #6700 |
| interferongamma | #6742 |
| differential effects | #6755 |
| poisoning | #6767 |
| granule | #6768 |
| dystonia | #6769 |
| psychometric | #6774 |
| lad | #6783 |
| rats wistar receptors | #6791 |
| biological transport | #6801 |
| transport proteins | #6806 |
| specific regions | #6806 |
| cortices | #6825 |
| nitrates | #6833 |
| n5 | #6849 |
| inflammatory processes | #6849 |
| protects | #6857 |
| receptors dopamine | #6859 |
| tomography emission | #6887 |
| acetaldehyde | #6894 |
| enter | #6908 |
| patients brain | #6909 |
| sleep disorders | #6915 |
| mitochondrial membrane | #6916 |
| nutritional | #6921 |
| hypothalamus | #6930 |
| humans intracranial | #6937 |
| nutrition | #6972 |
| rendered | #6975 |
| cerebral blood flow | #6981 |
| low affinity | #6986 |
| acid levels | #7005 |
| eosin | #7011 |
| vitamins | #7012 |
| ascites | #7020 |
| adenosine triphosphate | #7030 |
| patients alzheimer | #7040 |
| compensatory | #7089 |
| free radical | #7092 |
| rois | #7098 |
| common form | #7109 |
| general agreement | #7117 |
| expression | #7125 |
| prothrombin | #7133 |
| mice treated | #7139 |
| synthases | #7140 |
| 13c nmr | #7146 |
| methyl | #7151 |
| hippocampus male | #7165 |
| methyl ester | #7177 |
| tartrate | #7178 |
| levels blood | #7198 |
| central nervous cns | #7202 |
| protective agents | #7214 |
| catecholamine | #7216 |
| undertaken | #7226 |
| probiotics | #7244 |
| humans inflammation | #7253 |
| systemic inflammation | #7280 |
| antiinflammatory agents | #7284 |
| neurodegeneration | #7290 |
| male sprague | #7307 |
| bile duct | #7311 |
| additional studies | #7322 |
| animal doseresponse relationship | #7334 |
| nh4 | #7336 |
| glucose transporter | #7337 |
| cyclooxygenase 2 | #7344 |
| life hrqol | #7350 |
| administration | #7353 |
| preliminary evidence | #7358 |
| symptomatic | #7371 |
| neuroprotection | #7374 |
| histamine release | #7378 |
| regional | #7382 |
| urea | #7386 |
| hippocampal | #7389 |
| insult | #7392 |
| pyridines | #7404 |
| intravenous infusion | #7420 |
| competitive | #7424 |
| animal | #7433 |
| excitability | #7442 |
| molecular mechanisms | #7448 |
| restored | #7464 |
| spectrophotometric | #7474 |
| osmotic | #7475 |
| biochemical studies | #7481 |
| ht | #7485 |
| excreted | #7507 |
| urease | #7536 |
| organ specificity | #7540 |
| lipid peroxidation | #7550 |
| dismutase | #7553 |
| pathological conditions | #7553 |
| brain ischemia | #7557 |
| implicating | #7564 |
| onset | #7570 |
| cytoprotection | #7580 |
| neuropathic pain | #7583 |
| imaging magnetic | #7585 |
| chromatography mass | #7603 |
| microglia | #7605 |
| matrix metalloproteinase | #7621 |
| mental status | #7630 |
| blood platelets | #7640 |
| characterized | #7659 |
| neuroprotective effects | #7659 |
| deleterious | #7665 |
| neurologic examination | #7672 |
| cortical neurons | #7687 |
| diminished | #7696 |
| specific binding | #7700 |
| guanidines | #7737 |
| perturbations | #7769 |
| alpha tnf | #7777 |
| oxide | #7779 |
| immunoreactivity | #7801 |
| oedema | #7810 |
| il6 levels | #7833 |
| tissue proteins | #7854 |
| tnf α | #7864 |
| animals blotting | #7882 |
| albumins | #7888 |
| m3 | #7897 |
| ca1 | #7899 |
| parietal cortex | #7915 |
| brain development | #7915 |
| freely | #7932 |
| cells brain | #7932 |
| lname | #7950 |
| aspartate aminotransferases | #7961 |
| assayed | #7986 |
| metabolic | #7989 |
| aetiology | #8016 |
| mouse brain | #8023 |
| alzheimer | #8025 |
| liver transplantation | #8033 |
| ka | #8038 |
| computerized | #8040 |
| constitutes | #8040 |
| organometallic compounds | #8052 |
| established | #8056 |
| brain humans | #8073 |
| cerebrovascular circulation | #8079 |
| chelation | #8081 |
| inferior | #8097 |
| reproduces | #8103 |
| modulate | #8143 |
| confirm | #8153 |
| produces | #8156 |
| large variety | #8164 |
| intraperitoneally | #8167 |
| immunohistochemistry male | #8184 |
| maintained | #8185 |
| benzazepines | #8192 |
| organs | #8193 |
| fluorescence intensity | #8201 |
| reduced | #8207 |
| neurologic | #8214 |
| dopamine receptor | #8253 |
| abnormally | #8260 |
| norepinephrine | #8288 |
| inflammatory agents | #8301 |
| neuronal damage | #8302 |
| antioxidant | #8310 |
| condition | #8326 |
| dependent | #8332 |
| therapeutic implications | #8336 |
| epileptic | #8359 |
| chromatography pressure | #8383 |
| turn | #8404 |
| gray matter | #8407 |
| reflect | #8410 |
| and or | #8413 |
| wistar receptors | #8433 |
| receptor expression | #8442 |
| chain reaction | #8446 |
| hyponatremia | #8454 |
| plasma levels | #8470 |
| hyperglycemia | #8472 |
| citalopram | #8472 |
| stereotaxic | #8495 |
| systemic inflammatory | #8499 |
| polymerase chain | #8501 |
| purkinje | #8517 |
| immunocytochemical | #8519 |
| brain imaging | #8538 |
| chloride | #8546 |
| copper | #8549 |
| intracellular ca2 | #8583 |
| restoration | #8595 |
| hepatotoxicity | #8598 |
| ischemia | #8616 |
| activates | #8631 |
| hippocampus humans | #8641 |
| oxide nitric | #8664 |
| levodopa | #8665 |
| n10 | #8672 |
| inflammatory cytokines | #8690 |
| male middle aged | #8715 |
| organometallic | #8716 |
| pyramidal cells | #8724 |
| retardation | #8736 |
| gsh | #8742 |
| oxidative | #8742 |
| 37°c | #8758 |
| emission computed | #8767 |
| parietal | #8790 |
| potassium chloride | #8814 |
| hplc | #8824 |
| nmr | #8871 |
| superoxide | #8875 |
| tonic | #8879 |
| sulfates | #8892 |
| devoid | #8898 |
| egf receptor | #8905 |
| lactic acid | #8906 |
| minimal | #8910 |
| caveolin | #8912 |
| oxo | #8932 |
| biochemical | #8935 |
| consciousness | #8985 |
| reflected | #9011 |
| intravenous injection | #9019 |
| alanine transaminase | #9038 |
| encephalitis | #9077 |
| emission tomography | #9083 |
| methylmercury | #9099 |
| aminotransferases | #9108 |
| acetate | #9111 |
| syndromes | #9112 |
| brain cognition | #9130 |
| aimed | #9163 |
| awake | #9175 |
| 62 patients | #9176 |
| likewise | #9181 |
| treated mice | #9194 |
| normal | #9207 |
| dysfunction | #9218 |
| corpus striatum | #9247 |
| key factors | #9254 |
| elevated | #9263 |
| deprived | #9285 |
| neuropathy | #9344 |
| cerebrospinal fluid csf | #9364 |
| cerebral blood | #9391 |
| pressure liquid | #9396 |
| deoxy | #9420 |
| immunoblotting | #9445 |
| complications patients | #9489 |
| citric acid | #9505 |
| intrahepatic | #9572 |
| oxidative stress | #9585 |
| irreversible | #9607 |
| naloxone | #9609 |
| absence | #9615 |
| synthase inos | #9615 |
| occipital | #9621 |
| neurons | #9627 |
| seizures | #9631 |
| terminals | #9647 |
| nerve tissue | #9655 |
| postoperative day | #9682 |
| compensate | #9687 |
| micromol | #9692 |
| imaging studies | #9718 |
| ameliorated | #9722 |
| bw | #9727 |
| protective effects | #9749 |
| 2 mm | #9756 |
| 064 | #9783 |
| neuro | #9788 |
| tumor necrosis | #9791 |
| middle cerebral | #9809 |
| chelating | #9823 |
| dependently | #9825 |
| patch clamp | #9830 |
| succinate | #9834 |
| diseases liver | #9842 |
| prevented | #9863 |
| severely | #9864 |
| contributes | #9880 |
| receptor agonist | #9912 |
| microm | #9930 |
| necrosis factor | #9933 |
| quantitative | #9943 |
| tight junctions | #9963 |
| liver cells | #9987 |
| neurobiological | #10000 |
| binding cassette | #10002 |
| central nervous | #10003 |
| conflicting | #10023 |
| kinetic parameters | #10033 |
| cycle | #10052 |
| mediated | #10072 |
| cortical | #10128 |
| cava | #10136 |
| dopamine receptors | #10169 |
| liver damage | #10178 |
| negative impact | #10202 |
| minerals | #10211 |
| stores | #10215 |
| ros production | #10235 |
| attenuated | #10240 |
| expression activity | #10242 |
| cgmp | #10262 |
| glutathione gsh | #10266 |
| transport complex | #10286 |
| plasma concentrations | #10292 |
| plasma patients | #10296 |
| urinary excretion | #10301 |
| vitamin deficiency | #10328 |
| adversely | #10328 |
| forebrain | #10337 |
| cassette | #10370 |
| permeable | #10373 |
| specific activity | #10384 |
| steatohepatitis | #10395 |
| electroencephalogram | #10395 |
| areas | #10419 |
| subacute | #10435 |
| biliary | #10436 |
| protein levels | #10453 |
| liver transplant | #10455 |
| hrqol | #10455 |
| nigra | #10479 |
| cerebral artery | #10481 |
| positron emission tomography | #10525 |
| biosynthesis | #10531 |
| substantia | #10550 |
| nervous | #10616 |
| transmitter | #10626 |
| twofold | #10627 |
| management patients | #10657 |
| lipopolysaccharide | #10674 |
| alzheimers disease | #10694 |
| dose dependent | #10699 |
| normal range | #10730 |
| nutritional status | #10752 |
| protein level | #10752 |
| quaternary | #10765 |
| glutathione | #10772 |
| glucose | #10806 |
| water content | #10826 |
| monophosphate | #10827 |
| liver mice | #10852 |
| vena | #10853 |
| nervous diseases | #10861 |
| microgram | #10880 |
| performance liquid | #10883 |
| entity | #10889 |
| eventually | #10941 |
| intraventricular | #10958 |
| saline | #10968 |
| occur | #10968 |
| dietary proteins | #10978 |
| breakdown | #10983 |
| earlier studies | #10997 |
| etiology | #10998 |
| doses | #11003 |
| accumbens | #11004 |
| impair | #11006 |
| rats inbred strains | #11023 |
| radioimmunoassay | #11026 |
| behavior animal | #11026 |
| atrophy | #11041 |
| tnfalpha | #11044 |
| atp binding | #11055 |
| tests male | #11061 |
| western | #11061 |
| peroxidation | #11077 |
| riboflavin | #11140 |
| positron emission | #11153 |
| potentiated | #11172 |
| preparations | #11184 |
| precursor | #11188 |
| adult male | #11195 |
| broad spectrum | #11196 |
| superoxides | #11202 |
| nick | #11227 |
| steroids | #11232 |
| animals anti | #11234 |
| acyl | #11314 |
| enzyme activity | #11342 |
| drug induced | #11347 |
| early identification | #11376 |
| neuropathic | #11380 |
| necrotic | #11392 |
| neurodegenerative disease | #11395 |
| centrally | #11415 |
| depletion | #11434 |
| major component | #11447 |
| clinical signs | #11463 |
| 3 weeks | #11495 |
| receptor antagonist | #11502 |
| animals disease | #11503 |
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Relatório de execução | |
Prominent publications by Roger F Butterworth∗
Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients
[ PUBLICATION ]
Modulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) by nitric oxide (NO) is altered in brain from experimental animals with hyperammonemia with or without liver failure. The aim of this work was to assess the content and modulation of sGC in brain in chronic liver failure in humans. Expression of the alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta-1 subunits of sGC was measured by immunoblotting in autopsied frontal cortex and cerebellum from cirrhotic patients and controls. The contents of alpha-1 and alpha-2 ...
| Conhecido por Guanylate Cyclase | Cirrhotic Patients | Modulation Sgc | Nitric Oxide Brain | Cerebellum Activation |
Hypothermia attenuates oxidative/nitrosative stress, encephalopathy and brain edema in acute (ischemic) liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been suggested that oxidative/nitrosative stress is involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of oxidative/nitrosative stress in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting from hepatic devascularization. We also studied the effect of hypothermia, a ...
| Conhecido por Brain Edema | Alf Rats | Nitrosative Stress | Liver Failure | Coma Stages |
KOL-Index: 13463
Acute liver failure (ALF) results in alterations of energy metabolites and of glucose-derived amino acid neurotransmitters in brain. However, the dynamics of changes in glucose metabolism remain unclear. The present study was undertaken using (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to determine the rates of incorporation of glucose into amino acids and lactate via cell-specific pathways in relation to the severity of encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF ...
| Conhecido por Brain Lactate | Acute Liver | Magnetic Resonance | Coma Stages | Amino Acids |
Effects of hypothermia on brain glucose metabolism in acute liver failure: a 1H/13C-nuclear magnetic resonance study
[ PUBLICATION ]
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mild hypothermia has a protective effect on brain edema and encephalopathy in both experimental and human acute liver failure. The goals of the present study were to examine the effects of mild hypothermia (35 degrees C) on brain metabolic pathways using combined (1)H and (13)C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a technique which allows the study not only of metabolite concentrations but also their de novo synthesis via cell-specific pathways in the ...
| Conhecido por Acute Liver | Mild Hypothermia | Brain Glucose Metabolism | Magnetic Resonance | Frontal Cortex |
Neuroactive amino acids and glutamate (NMDA) receptors in frontal cortex of rats with experimental acute liver failure
[ PUBLICATION ]
It has been proposed that alterations of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. To evaluate this possibility, in vivo cerebral microdialysis was used to sample extracellular concentrations of amino acids in the frontal cortex of unanesthetized rats at various times during the progression of encephalopathy resulting from acute liver failure. Liver failure was induced by portacaval anastomosis followed 24 ...
| Conhecido por Amino Acids | Frontal Cortex | Acute Liver Failure | Extracellular Concentrations | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 12801
Mild hypothermia is effective in the prevention of brain edema associated with cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Brain edema is also a serious complication of acute liver failure (ALF). To assess the effectiveness of hypothermia in ALF, groups of rats were subjected to hepatic devascularization (portacaval anastomosis, followed 48 hours later by hepatic artery ligation), and body temperatures were maintained at either 35 degrees C (hypothermic) or 37 degrees C (normothermic). ...
| Conhecido por Mild Hypothermia | Brain Edema | Acute Liver | Rats Alf | Hepatic Encephalopathy |
Ammonia‐induced brain edema and intracranial hypertension in rats after portacaval anastomosis
[ PUBLICATION ]
Brain edema, leading to intracranial hypertension and brain herniation, is a major cause of death in fulminant liver failure. Astrocyte swelling is a prominent neuropathological feature in experimental fulminant liver failure. It has been postulated that the osmotic effects of glutamine, generated in astrocytes from ammonia and glutamate in a reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase, could mediate brain swelling. Normal rats and rats that received a portacaval anastomosis were infused ...
| Conhecido por Intracranial Hypertension | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Ammonium Acetate | Osmotic Effects |
Effect of Portacaval Anastomosis on Glutamine Synthetase Protein and Gene Expression in Brain, Liver and Skeletal Muscle
[ PUBLICATION ]
The effects of chronic liver insufficiency resulting from end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCA) on glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, protein and gene expression were studied in brain, liver and skeletal muscle of male adult rats. Four weeks following PCA, activities of GS in cerebral cortex and cerebellum were reduced by 32% and 37% (p<0.05) respectively whereas GS activities in muscle were increased by 52% (p<0.05). GS activities in liver were decreased by up to 90% (p<0.01), a ...
| Conhecido por Skeletal Muscle | Portacaval Anastomosis | Gene Expression | Surgical Rna | Pca Rats |
Cerebral inflammation contributes to encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: protective effect of minocycline
[ PUBLICATION ]
Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver failure (ALF). The precise pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible have not been fully elucidated but it has been recently proposed that microglia-derived proinflammatory cytokines are involved. In the present study we evaluated the role of microglial activation and the protective effect of the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in rats with ALF resulting ...
| Conhecido por Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Rats Alf | Microglial Activation | Pathogenesis Hepatic Encephalopathy |
KOL-Index: 11822
There is evidence to suggest that, in acute liver failure (ALF), brain ammonia and proinflammatory cytokines may act synergistically to cause brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation). However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain to be established. In order to address this issue, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of genes coding for astrocytic proteins with an established role in cell volume regulation in cerebral ...
| Conhecido por Brain Edema | Liver Failure | Proinflammatory Cytokines | Astrocytic Proteins | Cultured Astrocytes |
KOL-Index: 11726
Although earlier studies on thiamine deficiency have reported increases in extracellular glutamate concentration in the thalamus, a vulnerable region of the brain in this disorder, the mechanism by which this occurs has remained unresolved. Treatment with pyrithiamine, a central thiamine antagonist, resulted in a 71 and 55% decrease in protein levels of the astrocyte glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST, respectively, by immunoblotting in the medial thalamus of day 14 symptomatic rats ...
| Conhecido por Medial Thalamus | Glutamate Transporter | Glt1 Glast | Spraguedawley Statistics | Protein Levels |
KOL-Index: 11620
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an effective antidote to treat acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF). NAC is hepatoprotective and prevents the neurological complications of ALF, namely hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema. The protective effect of NAC and its mechanisms of action in ALF due to other toxins, however, are still controversial. In the present study, we investigated the effects of NAC in relation to liver pathology, hepatic and cerebral glutathione, plasma ...
| Conhecido por Liver Failure | Nac Alf | Induced Acute | Aom Mice | Brain Edema |
Ammonia and related amino acids in the pathogenesis of brain edema in acute ischemic liver failure in rats
[ PUBLICATION ]
The pathogenesis of brain edema in acute liver failure is poorly understood. We have previously shown that rats with ischemic acute liver failure (portacaval anastomosis followed by hepatic artery ligation) exhibit brain edema and intracranial hypertension, with swelling of cortical astrocytes as the most prominent neuropathological abnormality. Because ammonia has been shown to induce swelling of astrocytes in vivo and in vitro, we examined the relationship between brain ammonia, amino ...
| Conhecido por Amino Acids | Brain Edema | Portacaval Anastomosis | Liver Failure | Glutamine Alanine |
Ammonia induces MK‐801‐sensitive nitration and phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues in rat astrocytes
[ PUBLICATION ]
Astrocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of ammonia-induced neurotoxicity and hepatic encephalopathy. As shown here, ammonia induces protein tyrosine nitration in cultured rat astrocytes, which is sensitive to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801. A similar pattern of nitrated proteins is produced by NMDA. Ammonia-induced tyrosine nitration depends on a rise in [Ca2+]i, IkB degradation, and NO synthase (iNOS) induction, which are prevented by MK-801 and the ...
| Conhecido por Rat Astrocytes | Glutamine Synthetase | Protein Tyrosine | Ammonia Induces | Oxide Nitric |
Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: Role of glutamine redefined
[ PUBLICATION ]
Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized neuropathologically by cytotoxic brain edema and biochemically by increased brain ammonia and its detoxification product, glutamine. The osmotic actions of increased glutamine synthesis in astrocytes are considered to be causally related to brain edema and its complications (intracranial hypertension, brain herniation) in ALF. However studies using multinuclear (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy demonstrate that neither brain glutamine ...
| Conhecido por Brain Edema | Acute Liver Failure | Hepatic Encephalopathy | Intracranial Hypertension | Glutamine Synthesis |
Pessoas importantes para Hepatic Encephalopathy
Principais kols do mundo
Selecione uma frase de pesquisa hepatic encephalopathy , hepatic encephalopathy patients , hepatic encephalopathy humans , hepatic encephalopathy 95 , hepatic encephalopathy rats
Roger F Butterworth∗:Impacto especializado
Conceitos para os quaisRoger F Butterworth∗tem influência direta:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Cirrhotic patients, Brain edema, Portacaval anastomosis, Mild hypothermia.
Roger F Butterworth∗:Kol Impact
Conceitos relacionados ao trabalho de outros autores para os quaisfor which Roger F Butterworth∗ tem influência:Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure, Thiamine deficiency, Liver cirrhosis, Oxidative stress, Brain edema, Cirrhotic patients.
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