ALAN B Lumsden

PURPOSE: Intimal hyperplasia and graft thrombosis are major causes of graft failure. Heparin prolongs graft patency and inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in animal models. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a heparin-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft on platelet deposition and anastomotic neointimal hyperplasia after aortoiliac bypass grafting in a baboon model.

METHODS: Heparin-coated ePTFE grafts (4-mm diameter) were incorporated into exteriorized ...

OBJECTIVE: Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. This study investigates the effects of ginsenoside Rb1, a major constituent of ginseng, on Hcy-induced endothelial dysfunction and molecular changes in porcine coronary arteries.

METHODS: The coronary arteries were harvested from pig hearts and cut into 5-mm ring segments, which were then divided into six groups, including control, Hcy alone (50 microM), low-dose (1 microM) or high-dose (10 microM) Rb1 ...

BACKGROUND: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has emerged as an acceptable treatment alternative in patients with carotid bifurcation disease. Although early results of CAS have been promising, long-term clinical outcomes remain less certain. We report herein the frequency, management, and clinical outcome of in-stent restenosis (ISR) after CAS at a single academic institution.

METHODS: Clinical records of 208 CAS procedures in 188 patients with carotid stenosis of 80% or greater, including ...

BACKGROUND: While aggressive endoluminal therapy for superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusive disease is commonplace, the implications of runoff on long-term outcomes of these interventions in patients with rest pain and tissue loss is unclear. Runoff is known to negatively effect graft patency. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of distal runoff on long-term outcomes of SFA interventions for critical ischemia.

METHODS: A prospective database of patients undergoing ...

PURPOSE: As a minimally invasive strategy for the treatment of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), endovascular repair has been embraced with enthusiasm because of the promise of achieving a durable result with a reduced risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Our mid-term experience with endovascular AAA repair was assessed by examining early and late clinical outcome in concurrent cohorts of patients stratified either as low-risk or as at increased-risk for ...

INTRODUCTION: Bypass graft failure due to acute thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia remains a major challenge in small-diameter vascular prosthetic graft reconstruction. Heparin has been shown to prevent thrombus formation and inhibit intimal antithrombotic in animal studies. In this study, we evaluated the effect of small-caliber heparin-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts on platelet deposition and intimal hyperplasia in a canine model of femoral artery bypass ...

BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic forces play a crucial role in regulating vascular cell phenotype. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The objective of this study was to test our hypothesis that cyclic strain could affect smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation.

METHODS: A murine embryonic mesenchymal progenitor cell line (C3H/10T1/2) was cultured with or without cyclic strain for 6 days. Changes in cell morphology were studied with fluorescence dye Calcein-AM ...

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is rapidly increasing in prevalence and is associated with carotid plaque development and is a risk factor for stroke. The aim of this study is to describe the outcomes for patients with MetS after carotid revascularization (carotid endarterectomy [CEA] and carotid stenting [CAS]).

METHODS: A database of patients undergoing carotid revascularization for primary atherosclerotic lesions was queried from 1996 to 2006. MetS was defined as the presence of ...

OBJECTIVES: Covered stents have been proposed as an endovascular option for recalcitrant cases of hemodialysis-related central venous occlusive disease (CVOD). This study evaluated the efficacy and durability of covered stents in treating CVOD to preserve a functional dialysis access circuit.

METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all patients with clinically significant CVOD who were treated by placement of covered stents from April 2007 to September 2010. Demographics, lesion ...

The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the expression of thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) in human endothelial cells as well as the effect of curcumin, a spice and coloring food compound, as a potential therapeutic agent. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with TNF-alpha (2.0 ng/ml) showed reduced TM mRNA levels by 80%, 97%, 94%, and 97% at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively ...

PURPOSE: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is a known complication following carotid artery stenting (CAS). However, ultrasound criteria determining ISR are not well established. We evaluated alternative ultrasound velocity criteria for >70% ISR in our institution.

METHODS: Clinical records of 256 patients undergoing 282 consecutive CAS procedures over a 42-month period were reviewed. Follow-up ultrasounds were available for analysis in 237 patients. Selective angiograms and repeat interventions ...

PURPOSE: Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection is often associated with chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. We examined the effect of Tat protein, an HIV regulatory protein, on endothelial function in porcine coronary arteries.

METHODS: Porcine coronary arteries were dissected from nine pig hearts and cut into 5-mm ring segments, which were incubated as controls or with Tat protein (10(-7), 10(-9), 10(-11) mol/L) or ...

BACKGROUND: Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease. Clinical studies have indicated that moderate red wine consumption is associated with a reduction of incidence of coronary artery disease. In this study, we determined the effect of red wine on homocysteine- induced endothelial dysfunction in porcine coronary arteries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Porcine coronary arteries were dissected from 6 pig hearts and cut into 5-mm ring segments, which were ...

Endoluminal therapy for superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusive disease for claudication is commonplace, but the implications of tibial vessel runoff on long-term outcomes of these interventions in patients with claudication are unclear. Runoff is known to negatively affect graft patency, but no data are available on the impact of runoff on percutaneous SFA interventions and their implications during follow-up. We examined the impact of distal popliteal and tibial runoff on long-term ...