OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlations among insulin, androgens, body mass index (BMI), and other related metabolic anomalies in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

DESIGN: Retrospective study of normal and obese women with and without PCOS.

SETTING: Gynecologic endocrinology units of Elche, San Juan, and Alicante Hospitals and Hormone Laboratory at Alicante University Hospital ("Miguel Hernández" University).

PATIENT(S): A total of 212 women were studied: 137 with ...

BACKGROUND: Common uterine anomalies are important owing to their impact on fertility, and complex mesonephric anomalies and certain Müllerian malformations are particularly important because they cause serious clinical symptoms and affect woman's quality of life, in addition to creating fertility problems. In these cases of complex female genital tract malformations, a correct diagnosis is essential to avoid inappropriate and/or unnecessary surgery. Therefore, acquiring and applying the ...

Immunological changes and gene expression anomalies are involved in the etiopathophysiology of endometriosis, although how these alterations are connected is not well established. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between levels of immune cell populations, cytokines and CA-125 in peritoneal fluid (PF) and 'chocolate' cyst fluid (CF), and aromatase expression in endometriotic tissue, as well as to investigate any association with symptoms or recurrence of the ...

BACKGROUND: The goals of the present work were to study the embryotoxic effects of peritoneal fluid (PF) in women with or without endometriosis, and to relate any embryotoxicity to the severity of endometriosis, infertility or achievement of pregnancy, cytokine concentrations and lymphocyte populations.

METHODS: Sixty-six consecutive women of reproductive age, 54 with endometriosis (21 infertile) and 12 infertile without endometriosis, and another 12 fertile women as control group, were ...

BACKGROUND: Complex malformations of the female genital tract are often incorrectly identified, treated and reported, probably due to not considering the malformation as a cause of the clinical symptoms and neither the embryological origin of the different elements of the genitourinary tract.

METHODS: Complex malformations are studied and classified, and new types are presented. The new types of complex malformations presented are: (i) Cases of unilateral vaginal or cervico-vaginal ...

We performed a double-blind, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the results of ultrasound-guided aspiration of endometriomas under the effect of GnRH analogues and a possible additional beneficial effect by leaving 600000 IU of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) in the cysts. Twenty-four women with endometriosis-related symptoms, increased values of CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasonography showing endometriomas >3 cm who were initially sent to us for laparotomy and conservative ...

The association of ovarian teratoma and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a serious and potentially fatal pathology that occurs in young women and that is under-recognized. Our objectives were to analyze prevalence and outcome of this association, and increase awareness over this pathology. MEDLINE and SCOPUS for all studies published prior to November 30, 2013 including the search terms: "encephalitis" and "teratoma" were considered. All articles (119) reporting ...

BACKGROUND: To raise awareness about the accessory and cavitated uterine masses (ACUM) with functional endometrium as a different entity from adult adenomyosis and to highlight the importance of a correct diagnosis, we studied four new cases of ACUM and 15 cases reported as juvenile cystic adenomyoma (JCA) by reviewing the literature from the last year. This entity is problematic because of a broad differential diagnosis, including rudimentary and cavitated uterine horns; and is ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of interferon alpha-2b left in the peritoneum after surgery, followed by or not followed by treatment with GnRH analogs.

DESIGN: A prospective, randomized clinical trial.

SETTING: University hospital.

PATIENT(S): Fifty-two infertile patients with moderate or severe endometriosis.

INTERVENTION(S): Laparotomic conservative surgery and either interferon alpha-2b or saline alone left in the pouch of Douglas followed by administration of ...

OBJECTIVES: The goals of the present work were to study the incidence of breech deliveries in Spain, the causes for breech presentation and its management and the incidence of cesarean sections and its correlation with the perinatal mortality rates among different centers.

STUDY DESIGN: Data from 102,038 deliveries, 3829 of which were singleton breech deliveries attended in 1992, were obtained from 40 hospital centers located in different autonomic communities of Spain and analyzed using ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of human interferon (IFN)-alpha-2b on experimental endometriosis in rats.

DESIGN: Experimental, controlled, double-blind randomized study.

SETTING: Experimental surgery laboratory in a university department.

ANIMAL(S): Ninety-six Wistar rats with endometriosis, induced by transplanting four endometrial fragments into the peritoneal cavity.

INTERVENTION(S): One third of the animals served as controls (group A). The others were randomly divided into two ...

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the gynecological pathologies and extragenital anomalies associated with unilateral renal agenesis (URA) and the possible origin of these congenital anomalies.

DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study.

SETTING: University Hospital.

POPULATION: This study included 276 women with genitourinary malformations who had undergone hysterosalpingography (and/or laparoscopy) and pyelography with images available for review.

METHODS: There were 60 cases of women diagnosed ...

Cytochrome P-450 aromatase is responsible for catalysing the conversion of androstendione into estrone, so its expression in endometriotic tissue could contribute to the development of endometriosis. The aims of this study were, on the one hand, to determine the presence of aromatase in eutopic and ectopic endometrium, healthy peritoneum, myometrium and leiomyomas from patients with (n = 61) and without endometriosis (n = 12) and, on the other hand, to determine the effect of peritoneal ...

BACKGROUND: A correct classification of malformations of the female genital tract is essential to prevent unnecessary and inadequate surgical operations and to compare reproductive results. An ideal classification system should be based on aetiopathogenesis and should suggest the appropriate therapeutic strategy.

METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of relevant articles found in PubMed, Scopus, Scirus and ISI webknowledge, and analysis of historical collections of 'female genital ...