A number of prognostic factors have been reported in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although lymph node metastasis is the most poorly predictive value in completely resected NSCLC, a significant number of patients have a fatal recurrence even in node-negative curative NSCLC. Recently inflammatory response has been shown as a predictive value in NSCLC. Neutrophils and lymphocytes play an important role in cancer immune response. In this study, we retrospectively examined the impact ...

CADM1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule, acts as a tumor suppressor in a variety of human cancers. CADM1 is also ectopically expressed in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), conferring an invasive phenotype characteristic to ATL. Therefore, CADM1 plays dual roles in human oncogenesis. Here, we investigate the roles of CADM1 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Immunohistochemistry demonstrates that 10 of 35 (29%) primary SCLC tumors express CADM1 protein. Western ...

OBJECTIVES: Vascular invasion (VI) has been accepted as a universally important prognostic factor for patients with lung carcinoma. However, the clinical significance of VI in each of the histological subtypes has been unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in the clinicopathological implications of VI between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

METHOD: A total of 336 patients were evaluated, of whom 81 were diagnosed as having peripheral-type ...

OBJECTIVES: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces systemic inflammatory response with neutrophil activation and subsequent lung dysfunction. Rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor, blocks the decrease in levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate associated with neutrophil activation. Here, we tested the protective effect of rolipram on CPB-induced lung injury in the rat.

METHODS: Rats were divided into three groups: control (C), rolipram (R) and sham (S). In the C and R ...

Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) of the lung has an extremely favorable prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 100%. However, early invasive adenocarcinoma (EIA) often has a fatal outcome. In this study, we compared the expression profiles of AIS with those of EIA showing lymph node metastasis or a fatal outcome, and screened the differentially expressed genes by cDNA microarray. From the genes selected, we focused on Stratifin (SFN, 14-3-3 σ), which showed significantly higher expression ...

Previously we have reported that stratifin (SFN, 14-3-3 sigma) acts as a novel oncogene, accelerating the tumor initiation and progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Here, pull-down assay and LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) specifically bound to SFN in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Both USP8 and SFN showed higher expression in human lung adenocarcinoma than in normal lung tissue, and USP8 expression was significantly correlated with SFN expression. ...

Biopsy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for interstitial pneumonia allows collection of samples sufficient for accurate histologic diagnosis. Although VATS is relatively safe, several reports have suggested that surgical lung biopsy may be a risk factor for acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We retrospectively reviewed data on the 113 cases that underwent biopsy by VATS to diagnose diffuse parenchymal lung disease in our department between 1994 and ...

OBJECTIVES: Using data obtained from a Japanese nationwide annual database with web-based data entry, we developed a risk model of mortality and morbidity after lung cancer surgery.

METHODS: The characteristics and operative and postoperative data from 80 095 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery were entered into the annual National Clinical Database of Japan data sets for 2014 and 2015. After excluding 1501 patients, the development data set for risk models included 38 277 ...

OBJECTIVES: Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome and the risk of multiorgan injuries mediated by activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Phosphodiesterase type 4 is the predominant phosphodiesterase isozyme in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and plays a key role in the regulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte activation. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor, on the ...

BACKGROUND: Once an anterior mediastinal tumor has been diagnosed as a thymoma, complete excision including the thymic gland and perithymic fat is currently the procedure of choice. However, little is known about the clinical outcome of grossly encapsulated thymomas excised only with the surrounding tissue while leaving a part of the thymic gland.

METHODS: A retrospective historical comparative study was conducted on 79 patients who had received surgery for stage I (n=25) or stage II ...

BACKGROUND: Neutrophil sequestration and platelet microaggregates in organ capillaries have been implicated in the inflammatory response associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. We examined the filterability of neutrophils and platelet microaggregates through silicon microchannels during simulated extracorporeal circulation. We hypothesize that blood contact with artificial surfaces over time decreases the ability of neutrophils, platelets, and their aggregates to pass through ...

The aim of this report is to present the preliminary results of a Phase II study of high-dose (74 Gy RBE) proton beam therapy (PBT) with concurrent chemotherapy for unresectable locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients were treated with PBT and chemotherapy with monthly cisplatin (on Day 1) and vinorelbine (on Days 1 and 8). The treatment doses were 74 Gy RBE for the primary site and 66 Gy RBE for the lymph nodes without elective lymph nodes. Adapted planning was ...

BACKGROUND: Among the serine proteases, neutrophil elastase is a powerful cytotoxic enzyme and plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory response associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. This study assesses the effects of the specific inhibition of neutrophil elastase by a novel, potent, low-molecular-weight neutrophil elastase inhibitor, ONO-6818. We hypothesized that ONO-6818 reduces inflammatory mediators and modulates adhesion molecules and the deformability of neutrophils during ...

OBJECTIVE: Many phase II trials have shown that preoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer is feasible but associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the effect of preoperative chemotherapy on surgical stress and postoperative complications associated with surgical intervention. We evaluated the effect of preoperative chemotherapy on perioperative inflammatory cytokine production as a surgical stress marker.

METHODS: The study group comprised 38 ...

BACKGROUND: Signaling mediated by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET promotes multiple biological activities, including cell proliferation, motility, invasion, angiogenesis, and morphogenesis. Overexpression of HGF and MET and an increase of the MET gene copy number have recently been found in various cancers that had a poor outcome. Here we investigated the copy number of the MET gene and expression of MET and HGF in small pulmonary adenocarcinomas.

METHODS: Tumor tissues were obtained ...