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Kelvin R Berryman: Influence Statistics

The Wellington region is cut by five active right‐lateral strike‐slip faults: Wairarapa, Wellington, Ohariu, Shepherds Gully/Pukerua, and Wairau faults that have average recurrence intervals of meter‐scale surface rupture that range from ∼500 years to 5000 years, and lateral slip rates that range from 1 to 10 mm/yr. Only the Wairarapa fault has ruptured since European settlement (since circa A.D. 1840). Paleoseismological studies on these faults have allowed the compilation of a complete ...

Mahia Peninsula is a prominent coastal landmark in eastern North Island and is the closest point of land in the North Island to the Hikurangi Trough, where the Pacific plate plunges beneath the subduction complex at the eastern margin of the Australian plate. Uplifted Holocene marine deposits of both estuarine and open beach affinities are found in many parts of the peninsula and provide the basis for Holocene tectonic characterization. Estuarine deposits record the later part of the ...

The Wellington Fault is one of the major active dextral strike-slip faults of southern North Island. Quaternary stratigraphic studies and fault mapping along the southern part of the fault in Upper Hutt have provided some data on slip rates and recurrence intervals. Horizontal offsets of terrace risers and channels on terrace surfaces range from 3.7 m to 900 m. Increasing numbers of loess units, separated by paleosols, on successively older fluvial terraces in the Upper Hutt and Kaitoke ...

A sequence of seven marine terraces of late Pleistocene age constitutes approximately 40% of the area of Mahia Peninsula in eastern North Island. The peninsula is one of the closest land areas to the Hikurangi Trough (approximately 80 km further east), where the Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Australian plate. Terrace ages of 40, 59, 81, 106, 124, 176, and 212 ka are assigned by correlation with the marine terrace sequence of Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. ...

The landmass of New Zealand exists as a consequence of transpressional collision between the Australian and Pacific plates, providing an excellent opportunity to quantify the kinematics of deformation at this type of tectonic boundary. We interpret GPS, geological and seismological data describing the active deformation in the South Island, New Zealand by using an elastic, rotating block approach that automatically balances the Pacific/Australia relative plate motion budget. The data in ...

To understand the tectonic evolution of the southern termination of the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand, we compare the late Quaternary structure and kinematics of the southern part of the Taupo Rift or Taupo Fault Belt (Mt Ruapehu Graben) with central parts of the rift (Ngakuru Graben), and with the South Wanganui Basin. We also investigate the differences between displacements of Pliocene and late Quaternary markers within the southern Taupo Rift. Comparison of fault ...

Along the 500 km long eastern coastline of the North Island, New Zealand there are, at most, seven distinct Holocene marine terraces aged 7 ka B.P. or less. The highest of the terraces is 27 m above present-day mean sea level. The coastal region is subdivided into fourteen distinct subregions based on radiocarbon ages of marine deposits overlying wave-cut shore platforms and geographic distribution of similarly-aged terraces.Holocene marine terraces are the result of uplift associated ...

Fluvial incision rates are increasingly being used as a proxy for rock uplift rates for inland settings. We test the validity of this approach by comparing incision rates and rock uplift rates along the Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand. Postglacial fluvial incision rates were calculated by measuring the difference in altitude between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) terrace tread (18 ± 2 calendar ka) and the present river bed for 10 major rivers (catchment areas ∼1400–5900 km2). Incision ...

Active faulting in the upper plate of the Hikurangi subduction zone, North Island, New Zealand, represents a significant seismic hazard that is not yet well understood. In northern Wairarapa, the geometry and kinematics of active faults, and the Quaternary and historical surface‐rupture record, have not previously been studied in detail. We present the results of mapping and paleoseismicity studies on faults in the northern Wairarapa region to document the characteristics of active ...

The Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand, has not produced large subduction earthquakes within the short written historic period (~180 years) and the potential of the plate interface to host large (M > 7) to great (M > 8) earthquakes and tsunamis is poorly constrained. The geological record of past subduction earthquakes offers a method for assessing the location, frequency and approximate magnitude of subduction earthquakes to underpin seismic and tsunami hazard assessments. We ...

The Pacific plate obliquely converges with the Australian plate at latitude 39°50′S along the Hikurangi margin off the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. An extensive and youthful subaerially exposed forearc on the east coast of the North Island in the Hawke's Bay area provides the opportunity to document contemporaneous forearc deformation in this obliquely convergent margin setting. Geologic mapping and analysis of strain at both mesoscale and megascale indicates that ...

Both the South Island of New Zealand and the Transverse Ranges of California have (1) a major right‐slip fault marking the plate boundary, (2) a left‐stepping bend in the fault resulting in ranges and basins bounded by active reverse faults that strike 45° counterclockwise to the regional strike of the main fault, (3) a set of right‐slip faults on one side of the constraining bend, with most of the total displacement concentrated On the fault stepped farthest left from the continuation ...

A correlation of fluvial terraces is presented for eight non-glacial catchments of the eastern North Island, New Zealand, within the actively uplifting Hikurangi Margin. Using a combination of loess and tephra coverbed stratigraphy, and radiocarbon and OSL dating of fluvial deposits and loess coverbeds, we demonstrate correlation of four fill terraces, T1–T4. The available age constraints suggest T1=15–30 ka, T2=31–50 ka, T3=50–70 ka, and T4=∼115 ka, but the association and temporal link ...

The sediment flux generated by postglacial channel incision has been calculated for the 2150 km2, non-glacial, Waipaoa catchment located on the tectonically active Hikurangi Margin, eastern North Island, New Zealand. Sediment production both at a sub-catchment scale and for the Waipaoa catchment as a whole was calculated by first using the tensioned spline method within ARC MAP to create an approximation of the aggradational Waipaoa-1 surface (contemporaneous with the Last Glacial ...

The Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand, has not experienced any significant (>Mw 7.2) subduction interface earthquakes since historical records began ∼170 years ago. Geological data in parts of the North Island provide evidence for possible prehistoric great subduction earthquakes. Determining the seismogenic potential of the subduction interface, and possible resulting tsunami, is critical for estimating seismic hazard in the North Island of New Zealand. Despite the lack of ...