PURPOSE: To describe the predictors of persistent hypotension after carotid artery stent (CAS) placement and define the clinical outcome of patients with this hemodynamic disturbance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred forty CAS procedures were performed in 133 consecutive patients. Post-CAS hypotension-defined as a greater than 40 mm Hg decrease in arterial pressure without evidence of hypovolemia, with a systolic pressure lower than 90 mm Hg at the end of CAS and lasting at least 1 ...

After injection of tritiated proline into the mouse eye, radioactive protein was axonally transported in the optic nerve to the lateral geniculate body. Five hours after its initial appearance in the geniculate, labeled protein also began to appear in the visual cortex. Thereafter, the amount of labeled protein in the cortex was closely related to the amount in the geniculate, during the arrival in the geniculate of both the fast and slow components of axonal protein transport (and ...

BACKGROUND: Acute brain embolization (ABE) in left-sided infective endocarditis has significant implications for clinical decision making. The true incidence of ABE, including subclinical brain embolization, is unknown.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively studied 56 patients with definite left-sided infective endocarditis. Patients were examined by a study neurologist, and those without contraindication had magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Patients without clinical evidence of ...

Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis was experimentally produced in dogs by the rapid correction of severe, sustained, vasopressin-induced hyponatremia. Hyponatremia alone or slowly corrected hyponatremia did not produce the disease. Affected dogs showed rigid quadriparesis. The central pons, lateral aspects of the thalamus and adjacent internal capsules, deep layers of cerebral cortex and subjacent white matter, cerebellum, and other regions were symmetrically involved. Myelin ...

PURPOSE: To report the results of carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients considered to have high-risk anatomical characteristics for carotid endarterectomy.

METHODS: CAS was performed in 39 carotid arteries of 37 consecutive patients (26 men; mean age 72 +/- 8 years, range 56-88) who met the criteria for high-risk surgical anatomy: previous ipsilateral carotid endarterectomy (20/39, 51.3%), common carotid bifurcation above the mandibular angle (5/39, 12.8%), contralateral carotid ...

Five patients with nonseptic cerebral embolism of cardiac origin are reported in whom early anticoagulant therapy resulted in clinical deterioration or death from frank hemorrhage into the acute infarct. In each patient an initial CT scan excluded the presence of intracerebral hemorrhage and a second CT scan, after clinical deterioration had occurred, documented frank hemorrhage into the infarcted zone. All five patients had large infarctions in the right middle cerebral artery territory ...

PURPOSE: To report an unusual case of transient contrast encephalopathy arising after carotid artery stenting.

CASE REPORT: An 82-year-old right-handed man with a recent history of transient ischemic events was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of carotid artery disease. During cerebral angiography, which identified a 90% right internal carotid artery stenosis, the patient received 25 mL of an ionic, low-osmolar contrast agent (ioxaglate) in each carotid artery. The following day ...

Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis is caused by the rapid correction of hyponatraemia. Acceptance of this concept has been impeded by recent reports attributing myelinolysis to uncorrected hyponatraemia, overcorrection of hyponatraemia, or hypoxia. Several new names have been proposed for this disease, but all are less specific than pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis. This proliferation of terminology is unnecessary and adds to the confusion surrounding the aetiology of myelinolysis.

Purpose: To report an unusual case of transient contrast encephalopathy arising after carotid artery stenting.Case Report: An 82-year-old right-handed man with a recent history of transient ischemic events was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of carotid artery disease. During cerebral angiography, which identified a 90% right internal carotid artery stenosis, the patient received 25 mL of an ionic, low-osmolar contrast agent (ioxaglate) in each carotid artery. The following day he ...

Purpose: To report the results of carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients considered to have high-risk anatomical characteristics for carotid endarterectomy.Methods: CAS was performed in 39 carotid arteries of 37 consecutive patients (26 men; mean age 72 ± 8 years, range 56–88) who met the criteria for high-risk surgical anatomy: previous ipsilateral carotid endarterectomy (20/39, 51.3%), common carotid bifurcation above the mandibular angle (5/39, 12.8%), contralateral carotid artery ...