Valérie Biousse

PURPOSE: Obesity and weight gain are known risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH; or pseudotumor cerebri). The authors examined profiles of body mass index (BMI) and patterns of weight gain associated with IIH. They also examined vision-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in newly diagnosed IIH patients and explored the relative contribution of obesity and weight gain to overall HRQOL in this disorder.

DESIGN: Matched case-control study.

METHODS: Female ...

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is increasingly recognized as a cause of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in the otolarnygological and neurosurgical literature. The diagnosis of IIH in patients with spontaneous CSF leaks typically is made a few weeks after surgical repair of the leak when symptoms and signs of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) appear.

METHODS: Case reports and literature review. Two young obese women developed spontaneous CSF ...

PURPOSE: To determine medical student preferences for learning the ocular fundus examination and to assess their accuracy using different examination modalities.

DESIGN: Prospective, randomized study of medical student education approaches.

METHODS: First-year medical students received training in direct ophthalmoscopy using simulators and human volunteers. Students were randomized to receive vs not receive specific training on interpreting fundus photographs prior to accuracy ...

PURPOSE: To use static threshold perimetry to examine the stages of improvement and the potential for late improvement of visual fields after surgical resection of pituitary adenomas causing visual loss from compression of the anterior visual pathways.

METHODS: Retrospective review of charts of patients with pituitary tumors and abnormal static threshold perimetry before or soon after treatment who had subsequent visual fields. Quantification of the visual field mean deviation overall, ...

BACKGROUND: Acute isolated optic neuritis is often the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), and its management remains controversial. Over the past decade, with the advent of new disease-modifying agents, management of isolated optic neuritis has become more complicated.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the current practice patterns of Canadian ophthalmologists and neurologists in the management of acute optic neuritis, and to evaluate the impact of recently published randomized ...

BACKGROUND: Nonophthalmologist physicians do not confidently perform direct ophthalmoscopy. The use of artificial intelligence to detect papilledema and other optic-disk abnormalities from fundus photographs has not been well studied.

METHODS: We trained, validated, and externally tested a deep-learning system to classify optic disks as being normal or having papilledema or other abnormalities from 15,846 retrospectively collected ocular fundus photographs that had been obtained with ...

BACKGROUND: The association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks at the skull base and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) has been reported since the 1960s. It has been suggested that spontaneous CSF leaks might represent a variant of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We review the evidence regarding the association between spontaneous CSF leaks and IIH, and the role of ICP in the pathophysiology of nontraumatic skull base defects. We also discuss the management of ICP in ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: During the first phase of the Fundus Photography vs Ophthalmoscopy Trial Outcomes in the Emergency Department study, 13% (44/350; 95% confidence interval [CI] 9% to 17%) of patients had an ocular fundus finding, such as papilledema, relevant to their emergency department (ED) management found by nonmydriatic ocular fundus photography reviewed by neuro-ophthalmologists. All of these findings were missed by emergency physicians, who examined only 14% of enrolled patients ...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a disorder most commonly occurring in young obese women. Because polysomnography, the standard test for diagnosing OSA, is expensive and time consuming, questionnaires have been developed to identify persons with OSA. The Berlin questionnaire (BQ) reliably identifies middle-aged and older persons in the community who are at high-risk for OSA. We aimed to validate the BQ as a ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of a single intravitreal injection of rAAV2/2-ND4 in subjects with visual loss from Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).

DESIGN: RESCUE is a multicenter, randomized, double-masked, sham-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial.

PARTICIPANTS: Subjects with the m.11778G>A mitochondrial DNA mutation and vision loss ≤6 months from onset in 1 or both eyes were included.

METHODS: Each subject's right eye was randomly assigned (1:1) to treatment with rAAV2/2-ND4 ...

BACKGROUND: The primary role of brain imaging in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is to exclude other pathologies causing intracranial hypertension. However, subtle radiologic findings suggestive of IIH have emerged with modern neuroimaging. This review provides a detailed description of the imaging findings reported in IIH and discusses their possible roles in the pathophysiology and the diagnosis of IIH.

EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: References were identified by searches of PubMed ...

PURPOSE: To test a topical agent with purported antiapoptotic properties as prophylactic treatment after first eye involvement in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a maternally-inherited disorder characterized by bilateral, often sequential, visual loss.

DESIGN: Open labeled, nonrandomized prospective pilot study.

METHODS: Nine primary mutation molecularly confirmed LHON patients with one eye vision loss for less than 6 months and normal visual function in the fellow eye were ...

Sneddon syndrome is characterized by the association of livedo reticularis and cerebral ischemic arterial events (stroke or transient ischemic attack). Reported prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies is highly variable. We conducted this study to compare the clinical and pathologic features of patients with Sneddon syndrome according to the presence or absence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Forty-six consecutive patients with Sneddon syndrome were analyzed. All were examined by the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral infarction is the most frequent and severe manifestation of extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. However, few data exist on the precise time course of symptoms preceding the onset of stroke.

METHODS: We studied 80 consecutive patients (29 retrospectively, 51 prospectively) with angiographically diagnosed extracranial internal carotid artery dissection and, during a 6-month follow-up, recorded the time elapsed between the onset of the first ...